Volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits

Ғылым және технология

Volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits, also known as VMS deposits, are a significant source for world’s base metals, and they are also important ores for gold, silver, and trace elements such as tellurium. Dr Taija Torvela investigates in this video where, and how, VMS ores form, and we will also visit the Rio Tinto mining district in Spain, to have a look at some examples of VMS mineralisation.
This video is part of the KZread channel ‪@ourmetallicearth‬
#copper #zinc #lead #gold #energytransition #metals #minerals #mineralogy #mining #geology #exploration #riotinto

Пікірлер: 58

  • @adamasangare1309
    @adamasangare13097 ай бұрын

    Great presentation of VMS with proper details and insights on this deposit type economic features.

  • @Hemppie
    @Hemppie7 ай бұрын

    Nice delivery on some very in depth information about our amazing planet.

  • @Indoor_Man
    @Indoor_Man7 ай бұрын

    I am enjoying this very much. I like the presenter. Clearly a lot of effort has gone into the production of these videos.

  • @rodchandler672
    @rodchandler6727 ай бұрын

    great presentation of vms,,ive worked with fmi,cypress copper co,phelps dodge etc,,an now on my own explorations,, of metals,,thanks for more incite , to my adventures...

  • @neilreynolds3858
    @neilreynolds38587 ай бұрын

    Thank you. The Rio Tinto deposits are so famous but I've never been able to go there. The silver from there was traded all the way to China in Roman times. Globalization has been around for millennia.

  • @TheFurrry
    @TheFurrry7 ай бұрын

    Very interesting presentation, thank you so much for creating this. I look forward to future videos.

  • @xmj6830
    @xmj68307 ай бұрын

    Very instructive thank you

  • @blo114
    @blo1147 ай бұрын

    keep on going Taija! great content :-)

  • @Siletzia
    @Siletzia7 ай бұрын

    I'm so happy KZread figured I'd enjoy this channel. I've done a fair amount of work with VMS deposits in Alaska and Yukon Territory, but it's still helpful to have the process presented so well. I'll next explore your other productions. Thanks!

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    7 ай бұрын

    Glad to hear that!

  • @MostafaMohamed-gc7qq
    @MostafaMohamed-gc7qq4 ай бұрын

    Amazing, thanks

  • @carltuckerson7718
    @carltuckerson77187 ай бұрын

    What a great channel. I'm a geologist in real life as well. I drill deep holes sideways in the ground for a living but metals and pegmatites are what got me into geology in the first place.

  • @archstanton_live

    @archstanton_live

    7 ай бұрын

    Pegmatites are spectacular. Mineralized zones are also.

  • @elong6160

    @elong6160

    7 ай бұрын

    Wow you say sideways - horizontal 😅😊

  • @wafikiri_
    @wafikiri_7 ай бұрын

    My interest in mineralogy and geology is somewhat accessory, I'm interested in science in general, including but not limited to Earth science. This episode fell closer personally, as my father was born in Granada, Andalusia, and I lived in and traveled through the latter for a substantial part of my life. I always wondered where the gold in the Darro river, which crosses Granada in the Sierra Nevada mountain range, came from. The possibility that its origin was volcanogenic had occurred to me, as opposed to meteorogenic, weathering then taking place. One of my uncles was a senior mining engineer, also from Granada, and he told me the Sierra Nevada had folded and toppled onto itself. So maybe mineral resources of all kinds in that mountain range can be found at various depths in such a geologically complex place where Gondwana and Laurasia collided and mixed together.

  • @kcstafford2784

    @kcstafford2784

    7 ай бұрын

    agreed

  • @1000000trs
    @1000000trs7 ай бұрын

    Another very interesting documentary - very much enjoyed watching - thanks.

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    7 ай бұрын

    Many thanks!

  • @johnortega8495
    @johnortega84957 ай бұрын

    Nicely done! Thanks for the content.

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    7 ай бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @paulcooper8818
    @paulcooper88187 ай бұрын

    Excellent very understandable presentation, from the graphs and diagrams to the host. Too bad the museum made limited access to the samples in the glass case, it was a beautiful specimen.

  • @rajahua6268
    @rajahua6268Ай бұрын

    Great infos especially the Rio Tinto sites.

  • @johngrundowski3632
    @johngrundowski36325 ай бұрын

    Thanks ,great program- well explained with all context included.

  • @mikewysko2268
    @mikewysko22687 ай бұрын

    Excellent presentation. 🌎

  • @johnhavens8199
    @johnhavens81996 ай бұрын

    Very nicely done. This explanations you give help me to possibly understand some of the coloration of rocks and the processes that created them. I often see this in the rocks of old mines in the Sierras of California and in the Basin and Range mines of Nevada. Very fascinating thank you!

  • @dalemckenzie9394
    @dalemckenzie93945 ай бұрын

    Thankyou for such interesting videos, the presenter is clear and along with the illustrations help me understand the subject .

  • @mikehartman5326
    @mikehartman53267 ай бұрын

    New subscriber. Would like to process some of those rocks for precious metals.

  • @StereoSpace
    @StereoSpace7 ай бұрын

    I read somewhere that Rio Tinto has been mined continuously since the Bronze Age. The Romans, for example, took vast amounts of silver from those mines.

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    7 ай бұрын

    Yes mining in the Rio Tinto area goes back thousands of years, and the Romans mined for copper, gold and silver, but it was all from the gossan and the oxidised mineralisation immediately below it. They didn't have the technology to process sulphide ore.

  • @bakedbean37

    @bakedbean37

    6 ай бұрын

    @@ourmetallicearth "They didn't have the technology" I always suspected they weren't quite as smart as everyone says. 🙂

  • @billmiller4972
    @billmiller49726 ай бұрын

    Very interesting. I learnt a lot.

  • @2flight
    @2flight7 ай бұрын

    Very interesting. Thank you.

  • @dominicestebanrice7460
    @dominicestebanrice74606 ай бұрын

    What a wonderful video, thank you! Perfect pacing and excellent visuals made watching this a treat.

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    6 ай бұрын

    Thank you very much!

  • @Michael-rg7mx
    @Michael-rg7mx7 ай бұрын

    It's like Yellowstone geysers, but underwater.

  • @cyborgar15
    @cyborgar157 ай бұрын

    Good info..

  • @BracaPhoto
    @BracaPhoto3 ай бұрын

    I want a drag off of that "blacksmoker" 😂 The fumes seem ethereal - like mother earth's warm flatulent embrace

  • @AAAanomalies
    @AAAanomalies7 ай бұрын

    Similar ore deposits are found in Finland, too. Here, it is called an ALLOCHTHON. In other words: the origin is unknown. There isn't any volcanic activity in Finland. Therefore, also almost no hydrothermal potential, and there aren't any plate boundaries, either. After a quick look at the IBP (Iberian Pyrite Belt), I found the statement below. "The generation of the VMS in IBP remains controversial" This indicates rather big implications on the validity of the theories because it reflects inconsistencies. How does copper and sulfur relate? Why did the bronze-age start almost everywhere at around the same time? I guess, you need at least bronze to have something like a bronze-age, right? Furthermore, we notice that these ore layers are basically the top layers. Otherwise, the people from "back in the days" wouldn't have had access to them. Because they simply didn't have the equipment for deep drilling and other technical machinery. What else than volcanic activity could provide the needed heat and pressure? Any ideas?

  • @vidiad
    @vidiad4 ай бұрын

    Great video. Thank you for explaining so well.

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    3 ай бұрын

    Glad it was helpful!

  • @kcstafford2784
    @kcstafford27847 ай бұрын

    nice....thank you...ill B Back!!!!

  • @roygiddens6205
    @roygiddens62055 ай бұрын

    We also have many VMS in New Zealand. Especially in the north island.

  • @yildirayaluc5125
    @yildirayaluc51252 ай бұрын

    hocam agzına saglık harikasın.çok teşekür ederim

  • @tapiolankiira1968
    @tapiolankiira19686 ай бұрын

    Excellent content . Please do consider re-doing with AI voice to reach wider audiences, as far too much variations , echo etc now

  • @hunnybunnysheavymetalmusic6542
    @hunnybunnysheavymetalmusic65427 ай бұрын

    I am presently developing submerged mining tools and technologies that will be environmentally safe while still economically viable.

  • @tesfayelemma9734
    @tesfayelemma97345 ай бұрын

    Will you please enlighten us on the deals that took place on volcanogenic massive sulfide (vms) in tigray, ethiopia between the Canadian and Ethiopian governments related to complexity to separate these metals and the environment rehabilitation process to help the people?

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    5 ай бұрын

    Not familiar with these deals you refer to I'm afraid

  • @geoffgeoff143
    @geoffgeoff1437 ай бұрын

    I always thought Rio Tinto meant death and distruction.

  • @frasercrone3838
    @frasercrone38387 ай бұрын

    Coming from Australia I have very little faith in mining companies EVER being concerned about their impact on the environment. My country is littered with mining scars that continue to this very day because our weak governments have allowed the resource sector way to many loopholes to escape their responsibilities. The main one being that just before a mine is about to expire it will be sold to a small company that ends up going bankrupt and as the rehabilitation clause does not dictate that funds must be put aside for the purpose in a holding deposit that can not be accessed by creditors. It is an irony that recently a big mining company destroyed a significant Aboriginal sacred cave complex in Western Australia even though it had been told of the caves and news reports had been aired well before they were destroyed. The Irony is that the company was Rio Tinto. Mineral extraction is vital to our existence but so is the environment and government must place more importance on the environment than they do at present when it comes to issuing mineral and mining leases. Funds MUST be put aside for reclamation work and sacred site claims or unique bio diversity evidence must be allowed for.

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    7 ай бұрын

    I agree, there is no excuse for companies and governments in this day and age not to take their environmental and societal responsibilities seriously. When things go wrong it just gives all mining a bad name which isn't helpful to anyone. It must be emphasised though that there are a lot of companies and governments that do things right and in many countries problems arise from historic mining, rather than existing mines. The Rio Tinto incident was particularly unfortunate as Rio Tinto as a company is very aware of the importance of doing these things right, but it's a huge company and individual project managers are not always as diligent as they should be (I hope whoever it was got sacked...). Also agree that every country should have earmarked mining tax that goes to remediate the mining site after mine closure.

  • @375santa
    @375santa7 ай бұрын

    Gee!

  • @garystillman2724
    @garystillman27247 ай бұрын

    ARE YOU FAMILIAR WITH THE VEKOL MINE IN ARIZONA?

  • @ourmetallicearth

    @ourmetallicearth

    7 ай бұрын

    No I'm afraid not

  • @michaelkaiser4674
    @michaelkaiser46747 ай бұрын

    5x5 Datil NM USA

  • @dougberrett8094
    @dougberrett80947 ай бұрын

    This was interesting. Now I know more about Rio Tinto. I am concerned about your constant reference to the “energy transition.” What energy transition? Despite billions of dollars being spent, the “renewables” of choice still provide a very small percentage of the energy. Fact is nuclear and fossil fuels are the only sources with the reliability and capacity to meet our needs, and the climate doomsayers refuse to consider nuclear. Energy transition sounds like a scam to me.

  • @lukestrawwalker

    @lukestrawwalker

    6 ай бұрын

    Exactly... wind and solar both require at least 3x the generating capacity needed be constructed to provide a given energy demand, so "transitioning" to those would require 3X the generating capability now required from other sources just to meet CURRENT demand, let alone FUTURE demand. The exotic materials needed also would create an ecological disaster... so unless people are willing to live a rather stone-age existence, SOMETHING besides solar/wind are going to be required to provide the power for modern civilization.

  • @user-ml3yf7pg7g
    @user-ml3yf7pg7g7 ай бұрын

    Ah, Taija, there we go (1:35) energy transition. I guess you had to say that, otherwise you couldn't get financing to make the video. Gaslighting is a term created after the 1944 movie Gaslight. "Gaslight is a 1944 American psychological thriller film directed by George Cukor, and starring Charles Boyer, Ingrid Bergman." Wow, you are so WOKE (18:25). If we were not mining as we did, how would you be here to bad mouth the past ? Aren't you being a hypocrite ? It is hard to believe that a scientist is pushing for wind turbine, solar panels for energy. If you are a real scientist you should know that energy generation (mainly electricity) without fossil fuel is an impossible dream. Of course, if fusion ever becomes a reality then the game is over.

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