Beautiful and thorough explanation. Best video I've found covering this question. Thanks!

This video really made me think! That capacitor in the output is not as simple as it seems at first. Excellent! Thanks for taking the time to really walk through that. You make several good points that are often skipped completely. Thumbs up!

See this video is a prime example of why KZread needs a “love” button along side the thumbs up “like” button. Thank you so much Tony for putting this together. You are an excellent teacher and I’ve learned so much from your channel.

I am a retired engineer; always nice to have a refresher, "excellent presentation", thanks Tony.

I understood all this "instinctively"... I have been playing with electronics since I was 7 years old, I trained as an electronics technician-engineer in the 80s and I'm now in my mid-50s. I watch basics edutorials like this to fill holes in my understanding and you, sir, have educated me in a thing that sometimes trips me up! NEVER be too proud to admit that there are some things you have basically misunderstood.

Thank you. This video was very informative and easy for me to understand with your explanation. I can’t wait to learn more. My passion for audio has fueled my desire to learn and I’m glad I found your channel.

You have an amazing mind Sir and an incredible talent for teaching. Thank you for this awesomely educational lesson ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐

All of my life I've heard audiophiles explaining how important it is to get DC offset and idle current right, never knowing exactly why. Now, I know. Thanks Tony for this graphic and well demonstrated explanation! You rock!

That's by far the best explanation of class A and class AB I've ever seen, thank you. I have a scope, and you've inspired me to get a breadboard now and have a play!

Thanks or another great video. I built my class A amplifiers from a renowned circuit that had been upgraded for extra power output and ease of 'setting-up' adjustments. They each have four output transistors - all NPN types - and produce between 50 and 60 watts into 8 ohms, drawing over 3 amps quiescent current so the ample heatsinking definitely get warm. I'm very pleased with their sound quality.

Digging back through the videos.. So thankful for these as they are helping me to get my head wrapped around the operation of the amps and understanding the circuit better than I was. Great explanations, you are doing the vintage audio DIY community a service like no other. Many thanks ! I may now be able to solve some problems as I continue to learn .

You don't confuse anyone! Hope you keep up the good work for a really long time! Be safe and thank you sir! Best wishes from the Azores, Portugal!

By very far the best video i have ever seen explaining the basis of audio amplifiers.

an hour and 21 minutes of gold. thank you for this fantastic breakdown on ac and dc waveforms and bias and transistors. ive learned so much from this and ill be watching several more times. thank you again for this!!!!

Thank you for your time and effort in putting this wonderfully explained video together. Kind regards from the UK.

As a self tought student, this was a godsend. I feel like my knowledge was always fuzzy when it came to how amps worked and this really cleared up what was going on, at least in class a amps lol. Thank you!

This has to be the best explanation of transistors and amplifiers hands down. Your explanations are very clear and easy to understand. Thank you very much for such a great job.

The Best video explaining amplifiers I have seen up until now :).

Thanks for taking the time to put this video together. It's very informative!

Tony, I figure working on medical equipment pays very well. However...why are you not a teacher at the technical college level ? You and Uncle Doug (he has his KZread channel). I WISH I had you guys as instructors when I went to electronics school in 1997. You are a gifted individual ! Thank you so much. I learn more now than I did in school.

Great tutorial Tony... I'm an amateur tinkerer and it never hurts to have the basics drilled in ...

Thanks Tony! This one really helped me to understand the DC bias, and how the transistors work in a amp.

Well done Tony. Great video. Very good explanations of some very important concepts. The three diodes are drawn backwards on your schematic. IMHO if the volts/div settings were the same when showing the input signal versus the output signal , the amplification of the transistor would be easier to appreciate. I love your woodworking skills... the cabinet you made for the Marantz 2500 was awesome!

You are the only one that finally made me understand this as I am an amateur. Thanks again, and you also stay well!

Awesome video! This puts together many things in my head, connecting dots that I've needed to connect! Thanks so much!!

Thankyou for putting this video together, it really helped me understand this topic after quite a few failed attempts at doing so from reading alone. Much appreciated!

Very good, swept away a few cobwebs and learnt a few things new. Much better explained and demonstrated than lecturers I've had before.

My late Father taught me this many years ago but my understanding kinda got a bit rusty since. I was a little confused to start with but all became clear as the video went on. This is by far the best explanation video on here of how different class amplifier's work. You mentioned Pioneer amplifiers and non switching. I have the A70 which is non switching but has two high current 50V & 70V rails. I am still from the circuit diagram trying to understand how this works. I think you worked on a Carver which was class G with two voltage rails. I don't think it is class G but may be class A at lower volumes it seems to sound much smoother and warmer. If you turn the volume up it seems to sound less warm and slightly harsh. This is an outstanding video. Thank you

Hi Tony, I'm just starting to get into electronics for a hobby and this was the first of your video's I seen. I just wanted to say thanks the the great explanation of what BIASing is and how to use it. Looking forward to watching more of your Video's.

That was a great, great teaching! Very good explanation, with very good practical demonstrations. Thank you so much! I am looking forward to learning more with your help!

Greeting from England, What an awesome channel, great work. I look forward to watching your videos from the bench and your wood shop.... Thank You.... P.S just bought my first Scope...

Amazing video, I wish books could explain this concept the way you do. Thank you.

Great explanation, great video Tony, learned something again. Look forward to the next series.

god bless, i've had some training with tube and transistors manly RF, this has re-started my interest, I've always had a little trouble with biasing (TR cut-off) this has helped a lot ....thank you

You are doing a great job explaining. Now throw in an explanation of the datasheet transistor curves, choosing Q point and load lines.

Great explanation. I'm trying to diagnose a faulty Rotel 1062 and this has helped me understand the circuit diagram a lot!

Good stuff man! Really like your style of teaching this

Very good. Cleared up a lot of questions I had. Thank you!

Very enlightening and understandable to this beginner of electronics. Thanks for this!

Thank you for all your effort and time. Now I understand this topic much better.

good video. I watched the whole thing. I have a better understanding on how both work now.

12:27 - Wow. This is SO much better than the DC I'd been listening to :)

superb, this went step by step on why each component is there and why it cant be as one would imagine it in the first place!

Thanks for the easy to follow information & explanation! Love the presentation!

A very useful video that contains what I needed to get the basic understandings of Class A and A/B amps. I enjoyed it very much and it inspired me to do some simulations and circuit building :-)

This is such an excellent video. Thank you very much Tony.

Tony, you're an amazing teacher! Thanks

It's very helpful for me! Thank you for spending your free time for us!

Easily within the top five of all videos I've watched on this subject......Great Work! Thanks

Exceptional video. Keep them coming.

Lightbulb moment! Beautifully explained. Thank you.

Thumbs up done nice video tutorial new subcriber from the philippines tnx sir

What a great video. Learned much.

I am in the middle still, 38:04. Its amazing thank you. Answering the exact questions I had.

Thank you for a crystal clear explanation. 🙏 1:20:37 Yes, I’m still with you! 😉

I've been waiting for someone to make a video putting all these concepts together. I have an amateur understanding of all of this, but I haven't had someone connect all the dots. I think your explanation was great.

really nice job look forward to the next one!!

Thanks very much man for this lesson. I enjoyed every minut of the 81 of them.

Because I don't have an oscilloscope myself I never see the signals the way you showed it here in this video so thank you for sharing, now I have a better idea of a DC signal through a diode.

I learned a tremendous amount I didn't know, very satisfying!

Great video thank you Tony. You explain circuits well. Can you do a similar vid explaining a typical AB classic pioneer amp. Im currently working on a pioneer SA1040 100w per channel.

Such a great video, this makes alot of sense.

Great video. Top!

Well done, Even with a what I think is a good understanding of how they all work I proved tonight even an old dog can learn a new trick. Thanks for the great lesson.

Great video. What are you using for scope software to display it on the video monitor? Or is that just a video output on your scope?

Really appreciate the video, I learned quite a lot!

Easiest to understand and well explained video on the subject!💙

Great video Tony, What I would love to know is what effect would the ESR of the output capacitor have on the output signal? Would more smaller capacitors with very low ESR be better than a single larger capacitor? Or maybe a combination of both? The reason why I ask is because I feel like the smaller capacitors can respond faster than the larger ones, I could be wrong but it's just a feeling and I don't know for sure! I purchased a bridge rectifier kit off eBay that came complete with the rectifier, PCB and a lot of smaller low ESR capacitors in DIY form. I purchased it because I remember seeing a video somewhere how a large capacitor does fine with the bulk of the ripple but by simply adding a smaller low value capacitor cleaned up the DC output even more whereas adding more larger capacitors wouldn't have done the same... In the case of the output on an amplifier, faster responding capacitors should make an impact on the output signal? I guess that this is one of the areas where amplifiers get their characteristic sound from.. Yeah I'm still not sure though but something is giving me the feeling that it would make a difference...

What is the brand and model of your breadboard you are using at the start of your video.love your channel

Thank you so much for this vid. I understand things much better now.

Thank you so much for this! I had several lightbulb moments. Now do it with tubes please. :D

One of best explanations ever! Thank you very much!

Very nice Tony (I'll remember your name easy!)! You are a working electronic dictionary and I just wish you are my neighbor! In my case, I'm trying to learn after 50+ years of inactivity in electronics and it is much harder to learn than back in my teen age.... Thank you for details and explaining everything! I'll show your videos to my friends Sunday and Monday in our meetings.

The best amplifier explanation 🙏👍

great vid , cheers.

Perfect. Great explanation, thanks.💥

Thanks, this was super helpful for understanding!

Fantastic video. Great explanations

Amazing explanation for beginners!!!

Thank you very much for the lesson. Have you done a video fort he bias on cassete decks and how it works?

excellent, way you explain that. now I understand!!!

Thanks Tony, time to make some popcorn for this one!

Wow! It actually took THIS to make me understand. Thank you very much.

Thanks a bunch. You are a great teacher. Don't mind long videos if I am learning.

Even though I know all of this, but you gave a great analogy of it. I'm not through much of the video yet, but I think you are getting to DC offset. Which is more or less what an ac signal is riding on some dc current. Or AC ripple.

I really loved how you explained everything you're awesome great video 🤗💯✌️

Thank you, very well described, really helped me a ton.

OMG, I just learnt so much and it was beautifully explained to a novice like me. Thank you.

After years of self teaching and taking electronic class in city college you’re video just move me up a notch. Thank vary much for SHOWING it in a way we can see and understand. Thank you for NOT UNING MATH. I’m the student in class who gets an F on all the test with math in electronics class. But I am the student who can build the project or assignment I get it up and running before all the A grade students with no trouble at all.

@coldfinger459sub0

4 жыл бұрын

M. Yes very true math is extremely important. I will recognize that long ago. I’m slowly getting there. But it seems most of the schools now just teach Siri out of the book only and shortened class is too short little projects with very little hands on time. Just last week we took a test in class that I couldn’t even do 5% of the answers on that were math formula related. I went up to the instructor during class and asked him couldn’t I figured these questions out if I worked them out on a circuit board using equipment reverse engineer. He said most of it’s possible but that’s not what this class is about so I received my F. The formulas and questions asked I went home put it together on a breadboard use my equipment reversed engineered and measured everything in the test brought it back to the instructor and showed him all the correct answers that he was asking for 100% percent correct. I know it would be nice if everybody learned from lectures taking notes and reading books but then there’s that other small percentage of people who learn into reverse order that are book rigid instructional institute does not recognize. That’s why at 54 years old I’m back in school teaching myself to better myself so I can be a better mentor to my grandchild. And in my HVAC trade as a business owner and technician in the field I repair things on circuit boards other HVAC technicians would not even dream of touching or thinking about.

_1) Thanks for sharing good quality knowledge in nice interesting and pedagogic way. _2) You announced yourself the reversed cap on breadboard, nice :). ...though regarding the 'diodes' (in the schematic), those has been drawn in wrong direction(but coupled Ok on breadboard). Just wanted to make aware of it. ,,Thanks again Tony, and have nice week over the pond there. /br, from norway.

This is a very well explained video. Thank you.

Excellent explanation!!

So well explained! Thank you

Really Nice thanks for the imformative video, made a couple things a little clearer, really enjoyed it thank you

Thank you kindly for your time and effort.

Very nice video! Thanks. One question: are those diodes on the right polarity wiring? I'm talking about the three u used to adjust the bias voltage in the first scheme. It does feel wrong if those diodes block the DC to ground isnt it?

@erikdenhouter

2 жыл бұрын

They are indeed in the wrong way, I noticed trough the video.

Tony, you drew the diodes in the wrong way around or are they zeners?

@xraytonyb

4 жыл бұрын

I drew them wrong. That's what happens when you get in a hurry. Thanks for catching that!

@widecast

3 жыл бұрын

But then why would you draw 3 zenor diodes in series. As explained they are drawn the wrong way around.

@C0wb0yh3nk

3 жыл бұрын

@@widecast here is a new concept for you: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcasm

I gained a lot more understanding from your video - love your way of explanation - thankyou. Could you do a transistor 101 please?

Thanks, as always, informative and entertaining

Basically you’re saying having a DC biased sine wave, which you don’t want on speakers but is common in the amp circuits such as the signal that gets amplified riding on negative DC to the grids of output tubes and positive on the plates. AC components on a DC voltage. That is why I love my Brymen BM869s meter, has a nice dual display showing both, my Fluke 189 does it too but the Brymen displays much nicer. Saves breaking out the scope at times.