Uncancelled History with Douglas Murray | EP. 09 The Enlightenment

Henry Clark and Douglas Murray delve into the depths of the Enlightenment era, exploring the ideas of renowned philosophers from Hume and Montesquieu. Should the age of enlightenment stay cancelled?
Uncancelled History re-evaluates events, people, and ideas that have otherwise been cancelled from the past. Learn more at www.uncancelledhistory.com
Douglas Murray is a British author and political commentator, who - along with his guests - looks at great figures of the past through their historical context.
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#enlightenment #philosophy #dougasmurray

Пікірлер: 247

  • @randomcommenteronyoutube1055
    @randomcommenteronyoutube1055 Жыл бұрын

    Douglas, this series is awesome. I wait for them every week. I'm a graduate student at a US med school on the academic job market. Maybe I should take a hint from Hume and just refuse to apply to places that require me to submit diversity statements professing my commitment to their zealotry.

  • @joshuataylor3550

    @joshuataylor3550

    Жыл бұрын

    Kermit the frog

  • @foxtrotjulietbravo5536

    @foxtrotjulietbravo5536

    Жыл бұрын

    I know I wouldn't. (But I'm a bloody Scot!)

  • @drewu3661

    @drewu3661

    Жыл бұрын

    This is so valuable and absolutely necessary. Douglas, thank you for filling the void.

  • @bradenrodriguez5183

    @bradenrodriguez5183

    Жыл бұрын

    don't write about it. do it.

  • @edcotterjr1926

    @edcotterjr1926

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes please stand up to their compliance demands. Your future patients need you.

  • @Waldvogel45
    @Waldvogel45 Жыл бұрын

    in plain English this is bloody marvellous. Best of both sides of the Pond, Minds at Work, so Road Open. More PLEASE. worth seeing more than twice !!!!!Thank you and Henry Clark.

  • @Vignanello555
    @Vignanello555 Жыл бұрын

    Prof. Clark's summation of David Hume fits this series succinctly: "Where the world of intellect meets the world of conversation." Thanks, Douglas, for bring us the best forum of conservative thought since "Firing Line".

  • @staninjapan07
    @staninjapan077 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much. What is astounding as that such a series is not simply called "History." That it has become necessary to present a conversation on history with the prefix "Uncancelled" tells us how far we have fallen.

  • @pedroproenca4613
    @pedroproenca4613 Жыл бұрын

    Muito Bom! Thank you Mr Murray for spreading knowledge. Also for your fight and courage in defending our civilisation!

  • @bettycockman2138
    @bettycockman21389 ай бұрын

    Douglas is the only person doing this for us . Brilliant combo of insight on cultural issues today and history erudition .... so appreciated from Down Under.

  • @markmakallister4653
    @markmakallister4653 Жыл бұрын

    Best series, thank you Douglas!

  • @manusha1349
    @manusha1349 Жыл бұрын

    This was especially good! More of an education than anything you can learn at university these days. Well done Douglas and Prof Clark 👏🏽

  • @paulfrancis4227

    @paulfrancis4227

    8 ай бұрын

    Well, what the good professor said of Hume is, mostly, in any version of his texts’ introductions penned by some academic professor. Yes a good discussion, but read Hume (or I suppose listen to him now 🙂) That’d do much much better

  • @paramidge8935

    @paramidge8935

    3 ай бұрын

    Absolutely the best advice - we cannot and should not rely, solely, on third hand internet punditry, no matter how eloquent, it will always be partial to some extent (although Professor Clark is impressive in his erudition here). Go to the original. @@paulfrancis4227

  • @timtsouchlos5654
    @timtsouchlos5654 Жыл бұрын

    Fantastic series. This episode, if possible, has raised the bar even further in terms of insight and perspective on key historical figures and their lasting contribution to society. Thank you Douglas for this content. I definitely see myself rewatching this series.

  • @lane99
    @lane996 ай бұрын

    @24:40-26:27 This excerpt alone is worth the price of admission.

  • @LogicSpeaks
    @LogicSpeaks Жыл бұрын

    Wonderful talk - I wish this was taught in high schools. But that’s unlikely. I remember my “writing teacher” took us to hooters because two idiots suggested it. Unbelievable bullshit. She probably set us all back a few IQ points back.

  • @pathaley9106
    @pathaley91067 ай бұрын

    Forgot to fawn over the deep knowledge of Henry Clark, brilliant and sincere 😘👌👍

  • @slim1one
    @slim1one8 ай бұрын

    I’m so happy to have found this series. Love Douglas Murray and everything he puts forward is if interest to me.

  • @kangsun201
    @kangsun201 Жыл бұрын

    This is such a good series. Thank you Douglas. I hope we see more like this. I can't click fast enough when a new episode pops up in my notifications.

  • @nocount1
    @nocount1 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for this cogent overview and for introducing me to Professor Clark.

  • @katrindeforth7963
    @katrindeforth796319 күн бұрын

    Great episode. Love the whole series. Please continue after the 10th episode. Truly appreciate them. 👍 Thank you 🙏

  • @highseasailing8624
    @highseasailing8624 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for these discussions. A new enlightenment is needed in order to create true tolerance again. These troubles times a a reminder to me of how well we who grew up in the 70’s had life. We must be thankful and be honest to our past so as to make the most of our futures. But it is so important not to throw the baby out with the bath water.

  • @peteratkinson922

    @peteratkinson922

    Жыл бұрын

    Agreed.

  • @jonathanspencer4834
    @jonathanspencer4834 Жыл бұрын

    A fantastic, high quality production. Excellent work all round.

  • @afterthesmash
    @afterthesmash4 ай бұрын

    The most useful hour I've spent on KZread in six months. I've been thinking intensely about Marx and Maxwell being almost exact contemporaries and how Marx busied himself getting social causality hopelessly wrong in a new, improved way, while Maxwell busied himself with getting systemic causality right at such a deep level that much of his contribution has yet to penetrate general consciousness.

  • @peterjodonovan2025
    @peterjodonovan2025 Жыл бұрын

    Such eloquent and measured discussion, superb

  • @thanksfernuthin
    @thanksfernuthin Жыл бұрын

    Your confusion about why David Hume could hold that belief... confuses me. That's the way it looked to him with the information he had at hand. He wasn't trying to be rude or mean. He looked at it analytically, saw the disparity of advancement and came to his conclusion. We have much more information now and know it to be a fallacy. Let's not pretend we'd think any differently with the same information. That's a much worse fallacy we cling to in order to make ourselves feel superior. (Loving this series by the way. But it's always where you disagree that the passion exists.)

  • @thefarmer828

    @thefarmer828

    Жыл бұрын

    How could you possibly know his intentions whether he meant it measly or rudely

  • @thanksfernuthin

    @thanksfernuthin

    Жыл бұрын

    @@thefarmer828 By his other works.

  • @paramidge8935
    @paramidge89353 ай бұрын

    Ignore what Professor Henry Clark has to say at your peril. This episode is hugely encouraging. Time and time again here, we can observe Murray's attempt to draw the aims and the legacy of the enlightenment down, to rather simplistic notions of an imaginary, beneficent 'free trade', 'American dream' version of our historical reality. The good Professor responds, politely but with a broad and largely impartial clarification of the subject. Listen carefully and with focus Ladies and Gents. Then, as but one example from this fascinating account, compare the 'Mercantilism' (as exemplified by the English and Dutch East India Companies - the pro-generative 'corporations') that Adam Smith railed against, with the increasingly monopolistic 'corporate' scene that ravages and controls so many of our nations today. Professor Clark you are 'truly' erudite. Thanks to Mr. Murray for the interview.

  • @highseasailing8624
    @highseasailing86248 ай бұрын

    I adore this series! Thank you!

  • @son_of_thor8448
    @son_of_thor84484 ай бұрын

    These have to be longer!! Amazing guests and a wonderful flow, but I keep wanting more. Amazing work

  • @josephllinas2672
    @josephllinas2672 Жыл бұрын

    I am in love with this series Douglas I look forward to every episode. Please do more than 10

  • @kcsunshine4008
    @kcsunshine40085 ай бұрын

    I really appreciate these talks. Thank you Douglas Murray

  • @ronnestman4696
    @ronnestman4696 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent work as always Mr. Murray. I thoroughly enjoyed this discussion.

  • @dylanshearsbyart
    @dylanshearsbyart Жыл бұрын

    Great series, I can't wait to listen to the rest!

  • @alanaadams7440
    @alanaadams74407 ай бұрын

    This series is great. Thank you 😊

  • @greyforge27
    @greyforge27 Жыл бұрын

    They demonstrate very well the right attitude towards history. Laughing at the foibles of historical individuals, because no one is perfect. Taking broad issues seriously but not people. Edit: I think if you even start with the assumption that it's possible to morally judge people from history, you're going to miss everything. It's not really right or feasible to judge the people you know in your personal life, much less a figure like Julius Caesar or George Washington.

  • @mikestacyemett5914
    @mikestacyemett5914 Жыл бұрын

    As always, magnificent. Your moments on Free Market v. Capitalism helped clarify a few things as I grapple with a PhD comp question regarding capitalism and the American South. Keep these going!

  • @user-jk8nx9hf9g

    @user-jk8nx9hf9g

    6 ай бұрын

    Rich Men North of Richmond caused the War of Northern Aggression.

  • @wprv1
    @wprv14 ай бұрын

    Thank you for this incredible contribution to the debate of our time.

  • @angelachristie2803
    @angelachristie2803 Жыл бұрын

    New to you and thoroughly enjoyed this Douglas ! Looking forward to more ❤️ Thank you 😊

  • @Jared_Albert
    @Jared_Albert3 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much for your fascinating series of “traditional” history interviews

  • @NeilWMitchell
    @NeilWMitchell Жыл бұрын

    Sublime. Every word is enjoyable.

  • @hankchinaski4075
    @hankchinaski4075 Жыл бұрын

    I've really loved this series Douglas well played old chap.

  • @mmadden90
    @mmadden90 Жыл бұрын

    Love your work Douglas! My only criticism is that all of these conversations feel like they could and should go for hours...

  • @stephencollinson2334

    @stephencollinson2334

    7 ай бұрын

    I was thinking the same!

  • @Rafabenitez01
    @Rafabenitez018 ай бұрын

    On the famous Hume foot note Douglas states “how could he have such an opinion on people he knew nothing about “ . Well the reason he knew nothing about them is that they had not produced anything of note ?

  • @user-jk8nx9hf9g

    @user-jk8nx9hf9g

    6 ай бұрын

    The wheel?

  • @marc21091
    @marc21091 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent discussion - watch to the very end.

  • @FromFame
    @FromFame Жыл бұрын

    Loved this, thank you both

  • @sisiphas
    @sisiphas Жыл бұрын

    A superb series. Thank you

  • @josearmandovivero408
    @josearmandovivero4084 ай бұрын

    What an amazing series! It is truly remarkable the difference between learning history in school, which is quite unbearable, in comparison with this series which feels like you are traveling through time. Thank you!

  • @margaretmeyncke3592
    @margaretmeyncke35928 ай бұрын

    Thank you. What a wonderful discussion! ❤

  • @daviddobies2993
    @daviddobies2993 Жыл бұрын

    Great programs. Thanks

  • @fz7937
    @fz79374 ай бұрын

    The Enlightenment was probably the most important inflection point in human history since the Agricultural Revolution of about 10000 BC. Thanks to Douglas and Prof. Clark for the additional enlightenment.

  • @paulcollins557
    @paulcollins557 Жыл бұрын

    Simply brilliant!

  • @stephencollinson2334
    @stephencollinson23347 ай бұрын

    Douglas, thank you for bringing this pabulum of educated and balanced minds to us. Please thank them for the life time of effort and wrestling with evidence, which enables them able to share their findings with us. Now that is a privilege!

  • @jeromedenis100
    @jeromedenis1004 ай бұрын

    I love this series, thank you Douglas!

  • @jamesboekbinder3967
    @jamesboekbinder3967 Жыл бұрын

    Great series!

  • @siajaan
    @siajaan4 ай бұрын

    Thank you Douglas, a meaningful discussion very illuminating for ordinary people like myself.

  • @willosee
    @willosee Жыл бұрын

    Douglas yet another tremendous episode, thank you.

  • @shutupandance
    @shutupandance Жыл бұрын

    Brilliant job, thank you!

  • @tjflash60
    @tjflash605 ай бұрын

    Great series and a great interview.

  • @ShaneCopp
    @ShaneCopp Жыл бұрын

    Great series, Douglas. Your passion for exploring and showcasing such subjects is a boon to all. Keep them coming and I'll keep watching!

  • @austinfriend359
    @austinfriend359 Жыл бұрын

    great series all of them have been great

  • @boomerang1125
    @boomerang11255 ай бұрын

    Douglas, I don't know if you read any of these comments but I've watched all your Uncancelled interviews and they're all excellent. I hope you continue doing this series. Thanks.

  • @davidgreenfield3204
    @davidgreenfield32048 ай бұрын

    Captivating discussion Douglas; did i hear you right on your reference to Sclars Oferson at 4.45 - the enlightenments. I would like to read more.

  • @maxpitchkites
    @maxpitchkites8 ай бұрын

    I hope Douglas makes more history videos. His political insight is undoubtedly sharp, but his talents would be best served by writing and speaking about the universal things than the transient political nonsense of the moment.

  • @SorenAraujo
    @SorenAraujo Жыл бұрын

    I'm so grateful that I get to see this 🙏

  • @jarthur5094
    @jarthur50946 ай бұрын

    The enlightenment. What an amazing period and accomplishment. Almost as amazing as the pre-Socratics.

  • @jayturner3397
    @jayturner3397 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent article 👏 👍

  • @leonardhaggstrom8541
    @leonardhaggstrom85417 ай бұрын

    Douglas Murray is awesome !! I have been trying to contact Nebulous about a collaboration, but I can't find their contact information. There's a button that says, "interested in Working with us ?" but it leads to a blank page for (future) careers. I specialize in the British Imperial Land Management System and Imperial Place Names is new (original) content. Maybe there's a simple "info@" or something ?

  • @josefigueiredo8022
    @josefigueiredo80228 ай бұрын

    So much leaning from this series, for those like me who are curious but not academics 🤷‍♂️

  • @niall4588
    @niall45888 ай бұрын

    Most enlightening! 😊

  • @piushalg5041
    @piushalg50418 ай бұрын

    I am utterly astonished about the oversimplification regarding religious wars. At least after the reformation these struggles were largely politically motivated.

  • @bradhernandez8841
    @bradhernandez8841 Жыл бұрын

    The concept of the show is phenomenal but we also need a concrete understanding of why attacks on the ideas and heroes that underpin the West are even happening. This is where I think James Lindsay and Helen Pluckrose would be unbelievably useful in dismantling the nebulous and vague ideas of Social Justice and Critical Theory which are at the heart of these attacks against our way of life. Please have them on Douglas.

  • @geoffauldfield4664

    @geoffauldfield4664

    Жыл бұрын

    What about truth? Does that not count for anything? The truth is what we should aim for.

  • @bradhernandez8841

    @bradhernandez8841

    Жыл бұрын

    @@geoffauldfield4664 I'm not against learning the truth about history. It's just that it's impossible to fight an enemy (postmodernist ideology) without understanding why it continually attacks the truth to begin with.

  • @16m49x3

    @16m49x3

    Жыл бұрын

    @@bradhernandez8841 Because the enlightenment has been corrupted into being used by realpolitics to not only manipulate the natural world to our will, but morality and and society to their will.

  • @miramichi30

    @miramichi30

    Жыл бұрын

    He should talk to them in another forum. They aren't historians.

  • @MrFreddyFartface
    @MrFreddyFartface7 ай бұрын

    Presumably Adam Smith's opinion on modern-day state-run croney-capitalism (I just ran out of hyphens) would be very similar to what he tought about mercantilism. It's not an Invisible Hand if it's fat, wearing several rings, and reaching into your pocket.

  • @paramidge8935

    @paramidge8935

    3 ай бұрын

    Pithy and true comment!! Thanks and good luck.

  • @raureladams7048
    @raureladams7048 Жыл бұрын

    Great series. If I may submit a bit of friendly criticism: The lighting seems different in this episode (too overexposed), and the video-quality inferior to that of previous episodes. I hope you find a setting you are happy with, but personally I thought the original settings were great.

  • @XanderDDS
    @XanderDDS3 ай бұрын

    for 2024 and into the future, david hume continues to be the wisest of all english philosophers.

  • @BigEnglishStandup
    @BigEnglishStandup Жыл бұрын

    Very interesting.

  • @philodonoghue3062
    @philodonoghue3062 Жыл бұрын

    The channel programme / platform / channel I’ve come to watch as much as Peterson. Murray’s evolved to a mature commentator via interviewing other mature thinkers diverse views within the canons of western civilisation - without apology.

  • @paramidge8935

    @paramidge8935

    3 ай бұрын

    He is, naturally, also skewed by his own 'comfort blankets' but is far more rigorous than someone like Peterson, who when challenged can only condescend with the pseudo intellectual, 'psycho babble', that reflects his previous profession as a psychologist. Peterson is happiest when he can pontificate and 'analyse' the other from his 'big chair' - send him someone like Slavoj Zizek and he quickly crumbles. I would love to see Murray in debate with Zizek.

  • @martinschabenbeck1222
    @martinschabenbeck122225 күн бұрын

    When it comes to counter-movements to reason and the Enlightenment as a whole, we needn't look further than Romanticism, which followed on the heels of the Enlightenment.

  • @michaeldonahoo461
    @michaeldonahoo461 Жыл бұрын

    How wonderful it is for someone to state there is a difference between the Operation of the Free Market and Capitalism.

  • @paramidge8935

    @paramidge8935

    3 ай бұрын

    Well there is a difference in theory and was to some extent in historical reality - not so convinced today. Ask a great many 'small businesses' how the so called 'free market' is working out for them (unless they are in fact corporation co-opted satellites or 'start ups' that in fact come from familial wealth or preferential contacts and contracts.

  • @AgustePerry
    @AgustePerry Жыл бұрын

    It seems in these modern times we are losing our since of direction morally and ethically, when the hope of spirit and the transcendant go I feel we have lost all reason to look up to the stars and wonder.

  • @ckva7888

    @ckva7888

    Жыл бұрын

    Its really just the age old struggle between egalitarianism and individualism. The current form of egalitarianism (Marxism) is particularly unsophisticated so it seeks prevail by eliminating competing ideas because it cannot prevail on merit

  • @jeffreypmitchell

    @jeffreypmitchell

    Ай бұрын

    and spelling.

  • @shughy1
    @shughy1 Жыл бұрын

    Lovely studio set and lighting, might I suggest a couple of nice Sherlock Holmes chairs, to make both of you very relaxed and get the most out of any guests

  • @catintheuk
    @catintheuk Жыл бұрын

    I just did a KZread search for 'Douglas Murray' because I forgot the name of this series (lazy, I know). Anyway, this didn't come up as one of the top results. I then remember the title Uncancelled History. I'm just saying that you might be missing out on views from the many people who search for recent content featuring Douglas. I don't understand how the algorithm works (or doesn't work, in this case).

  • @BlueBaron3339
    @BlueBaron3339 Жыл бұрын

    I had to laugh at Locke's notion of toleration stopping at Catholics. It was quite the widespread Anglo prejudice at the time. I recall in the letters of Adams and Jefferson, both noting Simon Bolivar's efforts to liberate Spanish colonies, that it was a pity that they could never be truly free. They were Catholics after all 😆

  • @USA50_
    @USA50_4 ай бұрын

    Thanks for the video 😊👍🇬🇧🇺🇸🌍🌎🌏❤

  • @stephencollinson2334
    @stephencollinson23347 ай бұрын

    Douglas, *please* turn this series into a book/s.

  • @RichardHebron
    @RichardHebron15 күн бұрын

    Great set design!

  • @nicolabaker551
    @nicolabaker5514 күн бұрын

    “Accused of living in the past.” Ha! Nice one Douglas

  • @cameronpfiffner3415
    @cameronpfiffner34159 ай бұрын

    Douglas, the legend on the thumbnail is sneaky- “Englightenment”, indeed! Are you trying to claim the lion’s share of enlightenment thought for Jolly Old England? Thanks for the series, it’s a worthy successor to Kenneth Clark’s “Civilisation”, which I watched as a kid. Even though your format is different, it’s a reminder of the magnificent heritage of European thought and accomplishment.

  • @biscuitsandthat
    @biscuitsandthat Жыл бұрын

    "It's a very short footnote" 😂 😂😂 Yeah, if only he had elaborated on that point, would surely have cleared everything up 😅

  • @1077jeremy
    @1077jeremy Жыл бұрын

    Love me some Dougy. Subscribed.

  • @tipple58
    @tipple58 Жыл бұрын

    Top marks, gentlemen.

  • @richardkennedy8481
    @richardkennedy84818 ай бұрын

    Who did that set?

  • @Caligula138
    @Caligula1387 ай бұрын

    Why don't they explain how or why David Hume was wrong about his footnote?

  • @malpreece5008
    @malpreece5008 Жыл бұрын

    Interesting conversation. Does anyone else think professor Clark sounds like Alan Alda?

  • @foxtrotjulietbravo5536

    @foxtrotjulietbravo5536

    Жыл бұрын

    He has a verbal cadence similar to Alan Alda's.

  • @joshuataylor3550

    @joshuataylor3550

    Жыл бұрын

    Kermit the frog

  • @MarcoSpeaksNadsat

    @MarcoSpeaksNadsat

    Жыл бұрын

    Bit of Woody Allen thrown in.

  • @lloydjones3371
    @lloydjones33718 ай бұрын

    Douglas Murray has produced a remarkable series, challenging the irrational, woke left.

  • @--jan--

    @--jan--

    7 ай бұрын

    Don't a lot of people have left and right wing policy positions?

  • @jaed2630

    @jaed2630

    6 ай бұрын

    ​@--jan-- yes. But these far-left ideas with ONLY educating ppl on bad things, cherry-picked to shit on the West is what's been in vogue since the 60s. And now we are truly pushing CRT academic nonsense to little children

  • @tensevo
    @tensevo Жыл бұрын

    I learnt a lot about david hume and never once came across the foot note, it is as if this has been dug up in the last couple of years.

  • @NoNameNo.5
    @NoNameNo.5 Жыл бұрын

    I hope there are more episodes, perhaps a series of episodes on where thee bad ideas come , how to understan'D

  • @joedoe783
    @joedoe783 Жыл бұрын

    I was actually looking for a book on the Enlightenment today. Can anybody recommend a definitive book on the European Enlightenment that I should read?

  • @michaelgonzalez1476

    @michaelgonzalez1476

    6 ай бұрын

    Jonathan Israel, now at the Institute for Advanced Studies at Princeton, has written a rather forbidding trilogy on the Enlightenment. It’s quite massive but fascinating. Most recently Israel put out a new biography on one of the central figures of the Enlightenment , Baruch Spinoza.

  • @katiekaufman1606
    @katiekaufman1606 Жыл бұрын

    👏👏👏

  • @gspurlock1118
    @gspurlock1118 Жыл бұрын

    It seems to me that there is a lot of confusion on basic concepts of economics. The term "capitalism" was coined by Karl Marx as a perjorative and only addresses the monetary value of production, exclusive of labor, innovation, etc. Free market refers only to free, i.e., non-tariffed, and non regulated trade. It can only work as long as all trading partners adhere to the same principles. Adam Smith's economic model is correctly referred to as the "free enterprise" system. The free enterprise system includes the design, development and production as well as the trading of the results and accumulation of wealth or capital.

  • @christopherk222
    @christopherk222 Жыл бұрын

    "Reason" is "neutral": it can be used for good AND bad. . . (51:07)

  • @pilroberts6185
    @pilroberts6185 Жыл бұрын

    Far be it for me to disagree with the esteemed Professor Clark but I wouldn't call Hume 'a racist' at all. One footnote out of tomes of writings we find distasteful today? Fine, but the man's writings were for all humanity, he is clear in this. Racism as we view it today didn't exist in Hume's times. He was not a racist and to say as much only gives credence if not precedence to the very notions of odious totalitarians who are seeking to collapse the foundations of Western Civilization. To which this Series is being produced as a bulwark to protect against.

  • @MESvenssonpost
    @MESvenssonpost4 ай бұрын

    As to the racist note from Hume, here in Sweden a similar discussion has held concerning Linnaeus, that wrote short remarks on human "races" in Systema Naturae. In this case he is using the old idea of humours and temperament in relation to skin colour. This has been inflated by some, as if this was his most important contribution and as if this somehow was important in relation to the institution of slavey or colonialism, and demands to tear down statues have been heard. It should be noted however that if indeed his list is a ranking, the american natives is at the top, not europeans. Instead of focusing on this oone could mention his more clearly enlightenment pupils Forsskål and Sparmann, that were early advocates for liberal freedoms and abolitionism (regarning slavery) respectively. Linnaeus inspired the racial classification of Blumenbach, that was explicitly against any ideas about black people somehow being inferior. One must judge these individuals not on all the opinions they may have had but on their net contribution to the bettering or worsening of society.

  • @paulbk7810
    @paulbk781010 ай бұрын

    Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative, not a word?

  • @P0thila
    @P0thila Жыл бұрын

    I’ve replaced my radio news with this. Thanks.

  • @tensevo
    @tensevo Жыл бұрын

    a lot of people seem to think that we would magically live in this modern world of goods and services, without the enlightenment thinkers. .....we would not, and will not if we forget the teachings and become unenlightened.