The Strongest Materials in the Universe with Prof. Matt Caplan

Ғылым және технология

What created the strongest materials in the universe? What is it like inside of a white dwarf or neutron star?
Matt Caplan is a professor of physics at Illinois State University. He received his bachelors from the University of Virginia and PhD from Indiana University- his thesis work was recognized with the 2018 Dissertation Award in Nuclear Physics from the American Physical Society.
Dr. Caplan’s research is broadly concerned with materials at high densities inside stellar remnants, such as crystals that form in white dwarfs and nuclear pasta phases in neutron stars. In addition, he works on nuclear weapons issues and was an inaugural fellow of the Physicists Coalition for Nuclear Threat Reduction. Beyond academia, he is a writer for several KZread channels including Kurzgesagt ‘In a Nutshell’ and PBS Spacetime.
Matt Caplan links
www.sciencenews.org/article/n...
www.nationalgeographic.com/sc...
www.cnet.com/science/features...
White dwarf papers:
arxiv.org/abs/2008.02296
arxiv.org/abs/2010.00036
arxiv.org/abs/2105.05863
arxiv.org/abs/2108.11389
arxiv.org/abs/2303.03409
neutron star crust papers:
arxiv.org/abs/1606.03646
arxiv.org/abs/1807.02557
arxiv.org/abs/2005.04766
PBHs hitting the moon:
arxiv.org/abs/2104.00033
academic.oup.com/mnras/articl...
KZread Membership: / @eventhorizonshow
Podcast: anchor.fm/john-michael-godier...
Apple: apple.co/3CS7rjT
More JMG
/ johnmichaelgodier
Want to support the channel?
Patreon: / eventhorizonshow
Follow us at other places!
@JMGEventHorizon
Music:
stellardrone.bandcamp.com/
migueljohnson.bandcamp.com/
leerosevere.bandcamp.com/
aeriumambient.bandcamp.com/
FOOTAGE:
NASA
ESA/Hubble
ESO - M.Kornmesser
ESO - L.Calcada
ESO - Jose Francisco Salgado (josefrancisco.org)
NAOJ
University of Warwick
Goddard Visualization Studio
Langley Research Center
Pixabay

Пікірлер: 237

  • @free_spirit1
    @free_spirit1Ай бұрын

    Guest: "do you know what the word degeneracy means" Me whilst erasing my browser history: "N-no?"

  • @ryanb9749

    @ryanb9749

    Ай бұрын

    Yes. The squids doing dank nooners on their liter bikes through the clibbins.

  • @ElyseCappataccio

    @ElyseCappataccio

    Ай бұрын

    Lol - funny enough for me

  • @vermasean

    @vermasean

    Ай бұрын

    💎 🙌 💎

  • @edwardbell4928

    @edwardbell4928

    Ай бұрын

    😂

  • @sonsofthewestredwhiteblue5317

    @sonsofthewestredwhiteblue5317

    Ай бұрын

    Your feelings betray you young Jedi. 😔

  • @BRUXXUS
    @BRUXXUSАй бұрын

    It's always so fun to hear guests light up when you ask them very specific questions that are within their expertise. They get so excited to be able to discuss things on a lower level than they may get to with other podcasters and interviewers.

  • @sathivv950
    @sathivv950Ай бұрын

    Matt Caplan was a fantastic guest and these questions were perfect for his expertise.

  • @MCsCreations
    @MCsCreationsАй бұрын

    Fantastic interview, John! Thanks a bunch!!! 😃 Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊

  • @Rick-Rarick
    @Rick-RarickАй бұрын

    Well, I know what I will be falling asleep to tonight! Thanks for all the amazing content!

  • @sighfly2928
    @sighfly2928Ай бұрын

    15:35 *David Attenborough* voice “In the cosmic ballet of the universe, the neutron star performs a pirouette, its surface fiercely alight with the face of a goblin-a creature as mythical as it is mysterious, staring back through the abyss with eyes that twinkle like the very stars themselves.”

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    This is the kind of comment we love.

  • @AndrewBlucher

    @AndrewBlucher

    Ай бұрын

    ​@@EventHorizonShowExactly. We don't know what it means, but we love it!

  • @sighfly2928

    @sighfly2928

    Ай бұрын

    @@AndrewBlucher have another look at the star in the timestamp

  • @blyatcraft

    @blyatcraft

    Ай бұрын

    ​@@AndrewBlucherTheres a familiar ferengi face in the star

  • @ningayeti
    @ningayetiАй бұрын

    I'm sorry but you are mistaken in this video. The strongest material in the universe is the plastic packaging that is used in stores to hold small electronic devices. I can't prove it, but I suspect that they could survive a supernova.

  • @CatChrist
    @CatChristАй бұрын

    Thanks John. Great episode as always. Glad you've got long style content like this for when I'm stuck in hospital for a few days. Thanks for keeping me entertained all these years!

  • @belliott538
    @belliott538Ай бұрын

    Im liking this notion of tossing Podcasters onto Stars… I’d pay a dollar to see that…

  • @GoldenMinotaur

    @GoldenMinotaur

    Ай бұрын

    Neil deGrasse Tyson is gonna have to change the format of Startalk

  • @purplehaze667

    @purplehaze667

    Ай бұрын

    What about tossing tiktokers beforehand ?

  • @jyreHeffron
    @jyreHeffronАй бұрын

    john and matt are like kids in a candy store... so excited, just cracking up and what-iffing to beat the band... so much fun in their back and forth...

  • @cavetroll666
    @cavetroll666Ай бұрын

    Thanks for the content cheers from Toronto

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    Thanks for watching!

  • @baarbacoa
    @baarbacoaАй бұрын

    Writing for Kurzgesacht and PBS Spacetime is impressive on it's own

  • @douglasfaichnie6931
    @douglasfaichnie6931Ай бұрын

    Thank you John for enabling us to access this information from the greatest guests.

  • @inthefade
    @inthefadeАй бұрын

    I love that you just jumped into the technical talk right away with this podcast.

  • @chiseldrock
    @chiseldrockАй бұрын

    so far so good so refreshing to have a podcast worth spending my precious minutes on...I'll try one more....

  • @247tubefan
    @247tubefanАй бұрын

    🤌 I'll have my Nuclear Pasta Al-Dente like my Nonna used to make. 🇮🇹 Grazie

  • @thomasparisi5333
    @thomasparisi5333Ай бұрын

    Very informative, and John, the homework you did really shines through !

  • @TheLondonAlliance
    @TheLondonAllianceАй бұрын

    Brilliant, love your channel and your obvious excitement for the matters explored! Thank you

  • @ankiesiii
    @ankiesiiiАй бұрын

    This has to be one of my favorite episodes

  • @MikeG-js1jt
    @MikeG-js1jtАй бұрын

    Quark star, very funny John!

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    The great Eryn Knight.

  • @edwardbell4928

    @edwardbell4928

    Ай бұрын

    Rules of Acquisition 78: never let them use your name for profit...unless it's you using your name.

  • @Thesilverrat
    @ThesilverratАй бұрын

    I'm always amazed by gravity, I constantly learn about how weak gravity is and then discover gravity crushes suns into black holes. Awesome.

  • @WhiteGeared

    @WhiteGeared

    Ай бұрын

    It's about space-time.

  • @captainhakob814

    @captainhakob814

    Ай бұрын

    Under rated comment

  • @OShackHennessy
    @OShackHennessyАй бұрын

    What a great interview this guy needs to come on more often 👍

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    Completely agree!

  • @_ElisDTrailz
    @_ElisDTrailzАй бұрын

    What a fantastic guest and interview. Thanks for the outstanding content.

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @tylermorris9196
    @tylermorris91966 күн бұрын

    Thank you for making this

  • @OutOfWards
    @OutOfWardsАй бұрын

    Omg yes! been waiting for this one!

  • @anaguma90
    @anaguma90Ай бұрын

    I love how the guests always thank JMG for asking great questions. Thanks for another great episode!

  • @levirivers2772
    @levirivers2772Ай бұрын

    ❤, it was a great interview with well explained theorys.

  • @MartinCHorowitz
    @MartinCHorowitzАй бұрын

    John is pushing he new fast food chain Neutron Pasta a lot:)

  • @robbabcock_
    @robbabcock_Ай бұрын

    Great interview!

  • @amangogna68
    @amangogna68Ай бұрын

    Great video and information !

  • @wyllisheaton3915
    @wyllisheaton3915Ай бұрын

    This episode utterly failed to put me to sleep ! So interesting!

  • @BlackWolf6420
    @BlackWolf6420Ай бұрын

    Really enjoyed it 😊

  • @slimal1
    @slimal1Ай бұрын

    This was so enjoyable

  • @sasqetshenkley1190
    @sasqetshenkley1190Ай бұрын

    Dear Futurist & Author John Michael Goddier, Make a video on your other channel about how we might apply this to material science in the future. Make it so.

  • @rogerdudra178
    @rogerdudra178Ай бұрын

    Greetings from the BIG SKY. You guys have a good subject that many should know.

  • @rezadaneshi
    @rezadaneshiАй бұрын

    Excellent presentation. So, can a asymmetrical placement of nucleus of the atom to its electron shell, cause the corkscrew or wave behavior of matter in its unbalanced spin?

  • @glorymanheretosleep
    @glorymanheretosleepАй бұрын

    They left out the strongest material in the entire universe: love. Nothing can defeat it.

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    True. It’s undefeated.

  • @OmegaTrooper

    @OmegaTrooper

    Ай бұрын

    Entropy beats love. Love can’t revive the dead.

  • @oberonpanopticon

    @oberonpanopticon

    Ай бұрын

    No, love is a force, not a material. Electromagnetism, weak interaction, strong interaction, gravity and love. and also the higgs field on those days when y is a vowel.

  • @oberonpanopticon

    @oberonpanopticon

    Ай бұрын

    @@OmegaTrooperYet they live on in our memory

  • @robsquared2

    @robsquared2

    Ай бұрын

    Having an Interstellar flashback.

  • @damianp7313
    @damianp7313Ай бұрын

    Was saving this one ... by the looks of the comments this is going to be a treat 🎉

  • @DonnieGoodman-yp8pf
    @DonnieGoodman-yp8pfАй бұрын

    I had thought about that. Neutrons that had overcome the strong force keeping them separated, and basically turns the star into a giant solid atom. Man! These kind of topics are incredibly cool.😊 Thank you kind sir.

  • @warrenalberts6321
    @warrenalberts6321Ай бұрын

    Loved the intro animation ❤

  • @rogerward5576
    @rogerward5576Ай бұрын

    I wish you had talked about the source of the magnetic field in a neutron star. I was tought that electrical currents produce a magnetic field, but there are few if any electrons in a neutron star.

  • @gardenlizard1586
    @gardenlizard1586Ай бұрын

    Waiting for tech to enable the finding of black dwarf stars and make Penrose smile.

  • @vinniepeterss
    @vinniepeterssАй бұрын

    nice one!

  • @EventHorizonShow

    @EventHorizonShow

    Ай бұрын

    Thank you! Cheers!

  • @cheradenine1980
    @cheradenine1980Ай бұрын

    I’ve been asking for a video on the applications of cold black dwarf matter for years!

  • @scottthomas6202
    @scottthomas6202Ай бұрын

    Excellent episode! Nuclear Pasta...band name!

  • @koilerREC
    @koilerRECАй бұрын

    A scientific definition in 2024 "Nuclear Pasta Layer with a Nuclear Crust". Now I'm getting Hungry....

  • @archumwelten7135
    @archumwelten7135Ай бұрын

    Nice Quark star

  • @michaelblacktree
    @michaelblacktreeАй бұрын

    That was a great interview! You guys were talking about finding primordial black hole impacts on the Moon. But if PBHs are impacting the Moon, it stands to reason they're also impacting the Earth. So wouldn't we be finding strange columns of shocked rock in the Earth as well?

  • @CodyDockerty
    @CodyDockertyАй бұрын

    Not even an hour breakdown of how the best material in the multiverse is the old Nokia phone

  • @DeadManVlog
    @DeadManVlogАй бұрын

    Great

  • @paulwilson6511
    @paulwilson6511Ай бұрын

    You can't take material from a degenerative star like a white dwarf or a neutron star. It would immediately explode like a hydrogen bomb. When you remove the gravitational force holding it degenerative, it would immediately resume a normal matter state (perhaps mostly neutrons but even some of these would transform into protons, electrons and anti-neutrinos ie. explosion).

  • @Strideo1

    @Strideo1

    Ай бұрын

    They talked about this in the interview.

  • @stevengill1736
    @stevengill1736Ай бұрын

    Whoa.....a crystalline core! White dwarves are amazing.....Chandrasekharadelic baby!

  • @mrpocock
    @mrpocockАй бұрын

    If there is quark matter, would there be several versions of it that use heavier and heavier quark combinations?

  • @shinymike4301
    @shinymike4301Ай бұрын

    dis here one is eminently re-listenable!

  • @jeffmosesjr
    @jeffmosesjrАй бұрын

    God I love this channel!

  • @jaybruce593
    @jaybruce593Ай бұрын

    @15:28 - Quark star - briulliant 👍👍

  • @bryanatmackncheeze419
    @bryanatmackncheeze419Ай бұрын

    Would one these stars be able to harvested for its elects after it loses it heat ?

  • @AllFlimmits
    @AllFlimmitsАй бұрын

    I'm glad to see that the guy from Scrubs finally got a real degree

  • @jillengland3277
    @jillengland3277Ай бұрын

    Do all degenerate stars have the same charge? What if I could draw off all the electrons with a black hole? Would You get a proton star or would it explode without enough electrons? It couldn’t happen right? I still don’t know why thermal neutrons have different decay rates.

  • @h4expo
    @h4expoАй бұрын

    Is there a measured ratio of heavy elements as a result of neutron star collisions? EA: average 5% uranium vs 3% gold and so on? I would expect it to either be very consistent (statistically) or very random (chaos theory) due to the nature of the neutron soup being a basic building block for all matter.

  • @keirangrant1607
    @keirangrant1607Ай бұрын

    Is there a Deep Space Nine alien head sitting in one of the Neutron Stars at the 15 min mark? LOL

  • @edwardbell4928

    @edwardbell4928

    Ай бұрын

    And the security chief of that same station is probably close by...in the form of a opossum....

  • @OmegaTrooper
    @OmegaTrooperАй бұрын

    God I love science…

  • @benruniko
    @benrunikoАй бұрын

    I wonder if at any point the ability for electrons to act like spin 1 Bosons in superconductors is relevant to how star corpses collapse. I only learned that was part of how superconductors work a couple days ago and it is mind-blowing to me.

  • @ryanb9749
    @ryanb9749Ай бұрын

    Do these hyper dense atoms have fissuon?

  • @NuisanceMan
    @NuisanceManАй бұрын

    What is "thleek hith thi theketh ih thi hethleethik"?

  • @nicelydunwell5681
    @nicelydunwell5681Ай бұрын

    Chuck Norris's muscle fibers

  • @u.v.s.5583

    @u.v.s.5583

    Ай бұрын

    Also his beard hair.

  • @StevenBara
    @StevenBaraАй бұрын

    @EventHorizonShow hey did I overhear it or did you miss the golden chance to ask what it would be like if a primordial black hole that's zipping somewhere in our solar system (meaning also outer layers) hits some matter like a bunch of space rock. As was stated, a black hole with an accretion disk is the brightest thing in the universe. You know like... Hey why do we see these bright objects in old photographic plates that are gone in the next plate and are not moving.

  • @jaked6746
    @jaked6746Ай бұрын

    JMG… MASSIVE LEGEND. HONORABLE SCHOLAR.

  • @thekaxmax
    @thekaxmaxАй бұрын

    'Strongest' vs 'strongest in all conditions'

  • @adambrain8365
    @adambrain8365Ай бұрын

    Strongest materials I get to deal with are Titanium, Cobalt, and iridium. They happen to be much colder and less radioactive than what we’re talking about here.

  • @AndrewBlucher
    @AndrewBlucherАй бұрын

    Throw another podcaster on the neutron star!

  • @patryn36
    @patryn36Ай бұрын

    You have to just love how contradicting these scientists are, on one hand if you removed nuclear pasta from a nuetron star it reverts to the matter we know but yet you can have a black hole below the minimum mass limit even though not one has been ever detected.

  • @oberonpanopticon

    @oberonpanopticon

    Ай бұрын

    Uh… where’s the contradiction?

  • @patryn36

    @patryn36

    Ай бұрын

    @@oberonpanopticon i spelled it out, reread the comment i posted, if you still can not see it then that is on you.

  • @Tompanelli1
    @Tompanelli1Ай бұрын

    Fucking love this channel

  • @robertsaca3512
    @robertsaca3512Ай бұрын

    Oooooh pasta phases, how delicious!

  • @Paperbutton9
    @Paperbutton9Ай бұрын

    incredible, i fell asleep within moments

  • @johnstokes8511
    @johnstokes8511Ай бұрын

    I think you surprised Matt Caplan with your level of knowledge.

  • @jamespike5161
    @jamespike5161Ай бұрын

    Y’all don’t forget to hit like on this, yeah? Help Event Horizon and JMG! I’m doing my part! 👍

  • @Leah.Martin
    @Leah.MartinАй бұрын

    These materials are so strong, even a stubborn jar of pickles wouldn't stand a chance!

  • @danm3570
    @danm3570Ай бұрын

    in the pc game elite dangerous, I jumped into a system with a certain type of neutron star, and it had 2 laser beams spinning around and out of it and the beam hit my ship and almost destroyed it

  • @kagazuki
    @kagazukiАй бұрын

    Matt has an obsession of throwing podcasters into stars.

  • @PhilGregoryFX
    @PhilGregoryFXАй бұрын

    At what point in the video do they actually start discussing the strongest materials in the universe?

  • @djdrack4681
    @djdrack4681Ай бұрын

    A DCC (Degenerate Crystalline Core") 'might' just explain some of the features of Stellar Core Remnants. the oscillations, spin and emissions (for pulsars): are all things that crystals do well. My bet is that the Chand. Limit is not a 'hard limit', owing to the exotic nature of the unverse and what can occur in it. The notions of Iron being the key 'poison' to determine how the star's fate plays out doesn't necessarily add up. Too many unknowns.

  • @djdrack4681

    @djdrack4681

    Ай бұрын

    We see how Lanthanides isotopes are happy to form BECs at supercooled temps. Yet, our research into high-energy physics doesn't have great understanding of Lanthanides/Actinides. At least under collider conditions, or atmos pressures we see short half-lives; but we have a poor understanding of what causes Radioactive Decay: and thus under the extreme environment (inside of a star, let alone stellar remnant) it would be wrong to 'assume' that Iron acts as seen here on Earth. There is argument itself that there really shouldn't be elements higher than Lithium or Carbon in stars. When you're talking temps so high that its 1000s to millions of times temp/pressure needed to melt transition/actinides/lanthanides, there aren't great solutions to HOW the elements don't undergo spontaneous fission...and yet we do detect 'superheavy' elements in stars, indicating fusion> fission. Basically, there would need to be phases beyond plasma (or perhaps plasma is a 'composite' of several phases, poorly understood) that would explain this. Granted we have only iota understanding of gravity; but even so, the fact we see that stars have either runaway fission OR fusion reactions ultimately; hints that there is another unobserved force at play inside stars, that doesn't occur outside the high temp/pressures (sustained) inside it. Depending on what exactly time is mediated by (GR seems bad solution), it could also only arise inside the exotic location (the 'gravity well' that is compressed spacetime which a star resides in. Based on how we see even quantum effects break down on the very upper and lower bounds (IE high-energy, and BEC experiments, universe right after BB), it wouldn't seem too fringe to argue that phenomenon or even additional forces only exist in such locations...ones that are more complex that degeneracy.

  • @vassilisz.2835
    @vassilisz.2835Ай бұрын

    15:24....Romulan star...??

  • @justarandomname420
    @justarandomname420Ай бұрын

    Sacraficing a podcaster to create a neutron star is now canon.

  • @thomascorbett2936
    @thomascorbett2936Ай бұрын

    Doesnt matter how stong it is if you cant use it .

  • @nobleknight7472
    @nobleknight7472Ай бұрын

    Nuclear Pasta Phase is my new favorite band name.

  • @robsquared2
    @robsquared2Ай бұрын

    So we know about nuclear pasta but we don't know why there's a severe lack of antipasta in the universe.

  • @ryanb9749
    @ryanb9749Ай бұрын

    Our whole universe was in a hot dense state...

  • @IMBlakeley
    @IMBlakeleyАй бұрын

    Lumps of Neutron star explode..Damn Niven's "There is a Tide" can't happen

  • @esquilax5563
    @esquilax5563Ай бұрын

    Is there a problem with this show's RSS feed? Last episode I see on there is from 25 days ago, with Garry Nolan and Peter Skafish

  • @michaelwicks7680
    @michaelwicks7680Ай бұрын

    What if all solar systems actually condense from premordial black holes

  • @skipper6528
    @skipper6528Ай бұрын

    Wavefunctions

  • @paladin0654
    @paladin0654Ай бұрын

    What is the "shtrong force"?

  • @medexamtoolsdotcom

    @medexamtoolsdotcom

    Ай бұрын

    it's shtronger than the whheak force and a lot shtronger than grabbity

  • @edwardbell4928
    @edwardbell4928Ай бұрын

    PBH transiting through the Earth...that explains the little holes in my yard...

  • @landgsmith
    @landgsmithАй бұрын

    7:43 ummm, what?

  • @justsmashing4628
    @justsmashing4628Ай бұрын

    if John was English he’d be Sir John…

  • @u.v.s.5583

    @u.v.s.5583

    Ай бұрын

    Sir John Sir Michael Sir Godier.

  • @duran9664
    @duran9664Ай бұрын

    🔥According to the holy books🔥 There are 7 earths😒

  • @symmetricat188
    @symmetricat18817 күн бұрын

    Wait. You mean, "transient lunar phenomena", or at least some of them, might be actual black hole "impacts"..? Also, I'm hungry. For whatever reason...

  • @edwardbell4928
    @edwardbell4928Ай бұрын

    Matt likes to throw podcasters out of starships...of course John you have nothing to worry about as long as you stay with the LeBaron...

  • @JohnMichaelGodier

    @JohnMichaelGodier

    Ай бұрын

    The key is do not get in the starship. For me, I'll happily be sitting in the LeBaron, here on earth beholding some beautiful roadside vista, eating fine process cheese and cracker products while the other podcasters head to space. That's luxury, and safety from getting tossed out the airlock.

  • @rsoud9562
    @rsoud956224 күн бұрын

    if you die we better have an ai of your voice that make vids for rest of time

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