Viroids sounds like a disease for viruses

@frankschneider6156

7 жыл бұрын

+[Yoshikage_Kira] Viruses aren't alive, so they can't have a "disease", just like a stone can't get ill.

@mrexists5400

7 жыл бұрын

viruses are the closest thing to the current definition of life without it being life

@RetentiveCloud

7 жыл бұрын

Or steroid'd viruses

@MrFappington

7 жыл бұрын

ObesityHitMeOnceMore they're called virophages. Like you said, they attack large viruses (Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA Virus NCLDV).

@wenxuanzhou5823

7 жыл бұрын

+Frank Schneider Actually, they can. They have RNA which other viruses can take advantage of, so they definitely can get infected and destroyed by another virus. They're called virophages. Just like bacteria can also get infected by viruses called bacteriophages.

I expect this video to go viroid

@narcotic702

7 жыл бұрын

Stop

@godspeed2145

7 жыл бұрын

*Rolls eyes*

@Tautolonaut

7 жыл бұрын

videos go viral, I imagine still pics go viroid.

@Scarachus

7 жыл бұрын

Viroidal?

@aidanc4719

6 жыл бұрын

HA!

"Hop Stunt Viroid" sounds like a KZread video of someone botching a pogo-stick trick.

@doubtfulsausage

7 жыл бұрын

Or a mad scientists way to make beer

@pyro226

6 жыл бұрын

Jalapeno on a stick? (Jeff Dunham)

every time it zooms in on Michael's face I just really appreciate his hair

@haithummohsin6273

2 жыл бұрын

Yes lol but earings don't suite tbh... no offence though

The incredible complexity and beauty of life never ceases to amaze me.

It's 2am and I'm watching a video about viroids

@2intheampm512

4 жыл бұрын

Emma R. This hit

@commentsanitizer7929

3 жыл бұрын

Good gal

@stuartrussell8572

3 жыл бұрын

What could be better?

@ezachleewright2309

3 жыл бұрын

I stayed up to 7:00 AM yesterday morning

@EmmaR

3 жыл бұрын

@@ezachleewright2309 Nice

Thank you!

That's a nice definition of life you got there. It would be bad if… …something simple appeared

My professor finished this topic in my class today. what a coincidence this is!

Always interesting, thank you.

I know I'm a bit late to the party but your hair looks so good 😍

I love scishow as much as I love scihub. Keep it up whit the good work, and thanks.

Aren't prions a smaller pathogen?

@patrickssj6

7 жыл бұрын

Probably depends on how you define smaller. Molecular weight?

@myky992

7 жыл бұрын

Also likely depends on how you define pathogen. Possibly we are referring to live pathogens? But if something blurs the line between alive and death more than viruses, it's definitely viroids...

@bigbenhebdomadarius6252

7 жыл бұрын

Prions are proteinaceous particles, similar to viruses and viroids, but lacking a genetic component. This may be out of date, but I think prions attack animals, and viroids affect plants.

@myky992

7 жыл бұрын

I do wonder why that is. I looked quickly on the wiki for viroids and it seems none affect animals. I don't know about prions. yet we both use proteins, and we both use RNA... maybe it's the difference in immune systems? Animals drove animal viroids extinct by being supergood at eliminating them and plants did the same for plant prions? Obviously just spitballing hypothesis with no substance here :D

@patrickssj6

7 жыл бұрын

No organism wants to take in external RNA from an unknown source. Most organisms have defense mechanisms for that but it seems that plants are an easy target (insects transfer these viroids by damaging cells). Also plants are much older than animals which could also be the reason for this old coevolution. Prions result from a special type of protein which exists only in animals. Not every protein has this special property which is why these pathogens only exist in animals.

Nice explanation

Best sci channel I have ever seen.

very cool...would love a more in depth video on this topic

An episode on virusoids would be pretty interesting.

Outstanding. For those of us who do not have out finger on the throbbing pulse of biology, this is a big help. Might you do an update on the other end of the topic. Virus or virus-like things that are bigger and more complex than viruses, but are not stand alone organisms?

Thank u ❤

If the viroid is circular, how does the RNA Polymerase know when to stop replicating (and join the replicated RNA into a circle)? Is there some sequence of nucleotides on the viroid that signal to the RNA Polymerase to terminate?

I love it when Guy with Haircut looks like he just got a haircut

I initially misread the title and I thought I read "Smartest Pathogen".

Love your hair :)

Epic hair as always.

Michael is rocking his hair!!

Very cool!

OOOOH THE HAIRCUT! I like it.

Cool thanks

This is cool, I would have liked to learn this in elementary school.

Thank you Mr. Elizondo

Who suddenly has this in their recommended feed in March 2020?

The Irish Potato Famine was caused by Blight by the way, a common potato and plant disease which farmers still have to manage today, they should have just mentioned the disease.

The moment when you understand the big words behind this video

This is was a good video on this topic. Liked by a biotechnologist student!

Very interesting

Too good👍👍

It would be intriguing to see an episode dedicated to counting down the oldest mountain chains on the planet. In "4 Billion Years in Under 10 Minutes," you mention that the Appalachians are far older than the Rockies. It would be interesting to see a sequential countdown of the top 5 or 10 oldest mountains/mountain chains.

fresh cut

love your hair. so how do farmers fight viroids? i mean is there a cure or is it mostly just prevent the spread of the viroid?

@LuisAldamiz

3 жыл бұрын

He sounded like there is no cure but that methodical cleaning of gardening tools (with alcohol, I guess) is a good prophyllactic measure. I doubt there is a cure, just as there are no cures for viruses in general (can treat the symptoms, maybe prevent with a vaccine, but can't kill what is not really alive).

@evanbecraft8201

2 жыл бұрын

@@LuisAldamiz careful man mentioning whether a virus is alive or not will start a nuclear war viruses, by the generally universal definition that is a major subject to debate, are not alive. Technically, destroying the structure of the virus/viroid could be considered killing it if we allow parasitic reproduction and alternative evolutionary paths to be considered a form of life. I do believe that the definition of life is not broad enough, and I also believe that anything that self replicated through processes through encoded information is in fact a living organism.

@LuisAldamiz

2 жыл бұрын

@@evanbecraft8201 - I'm aware of the debate: there's no consensus on whether viruses are alive or not. I would say they are, sorta, because they do reproduce, while rocks or other inanimate objects do not. Computer viruses are also alive, sorta. My old school definition of life was that a living being is one that "is born (check), grows (?), reproduces (check) and dies (check)". The virus only dubiously does not grow, although it does as the RNA/DNA chain does grow in numbers and accumulating the protein structure around it is a form of growth. So I'd say that viruses are alive by the primary school definition. They are not alive by Basque language usage, but trees aren't either, only animals.

The 3 dislikes are viroids.

@pranavmahadikar2147

7 жыл бұрын

sharktamer no viruses

@conf1rmed819

6 жыл бұрын

98 viroids dislike dis vid

Non-notification squad where you at!

@TRexPhilbo

7 жыл бұрын

+

@surya8891

5 жыл бұрын

here

Nice sir

Are viroids responsible for graboids? Nice subject for a video, I never heard of viroids before, thanks.

Great video, RNA world hypothesis might make a good video

Newer, sexier Michael Aranda upgrade

And here we have it: A molecule that at the same time is a living organism, impressing.

@LuisAldamiz

3 жыл бұрын

Sorta. Biologists don't really agree on saying that viruses are "living organisms" or "life" at all. They lack self-sufficiency, they are rather weird organic chemistry that is only somewhat life-like. This would be even more clear for viroids.

There is one detail of the RNA first hypothesis that I have never seen answered: the U to T transition. DNA is comprised of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. However, in RNA uracil is utilized in place of thymine. How was this fundamemtal base switched when life transitioned from RNA to DNA?

Looks like he's just about going to burst right out of his shirt

"... when they extracted samples of [the viroid] ..." So much in one simple phrase. How do you extract a sample of anything, let alone an unknown substance?

@gaburieruR

8 ай бұрын

Extraction of the infected plant material in solvent, and sucessive filtrations, with better and better filters, and analysis by microscopy of the samples to see if you encounter a strange body

@davebashford3753

8 ай бұрын

@@gaburieruR Thanks

This is the scariest thing I have heard since I learned about bacteriophages.

I know what next year's Halloween costume is going to be.

I don't find diseased potatoes to be narley, but the one in the picture looked gnarled. ;-)

o wow I feel so bad for patatos now sad story

how did you get that plant cell diagram at 1:56? I can find one like it but it's labeled.

whoa!

Like the new haircut.

0:27 ‘It can infect potatoes’ *two seconds later* 0:35 ‘A clue to how life started on Earth’ 😂😂😂

Adding sour cream to potatoes? Are you nuts?

What about Prions?

@zed1stwizard

7 жыл бұрын

Prions are infectious (agents) composed entirely of a protein material that can fold in multiple, structurally abstract ways, at least one of which is transmissible to other prion proteins, leading to disease in a manner that is comparable to the spread of viral infection. Not a life form.

@LeoMRogers

7 жыл бұрын

While you're on wikipedia, take a look at the 'pathogen' page. Being a life form isn't a prerequisite of being a pathogen, and prions are listed as pathogens.

@TheGrandMasterPotato

7 жыл бұрын

But do pathogens necessarily have to be considered living?

@josiahklein70

7 жыл бұрын

Jesus Ramirez Romo Infectious, malformed proteins.

@zed1stwizard

7 жыл бұрын

I stand corrected.

I have personal knowledge of the power of the ribosome/ribozyme in the form of Creeping Charlie lawn weeds, those things are indestructible and I think grow in seconds!

prions might be smaller, but they are more like cell corrosion or rust than an infection

Does this count as evidence towards the RNA world hypothesis in the theory of Abiogenesis? If so, then were one step closer to figuring how life on earth came to be. So exciting!!!!

what did those ancient viroids use to replicatd themselves without the plants they use now?

The funny thing is, rna could not have formed in the conditions of the early earth environment. The reason is because rna uses molybdenum oxide to self assemble. Molybdenum oxide could not have exsists in the environment of the early earth. Even more interesting is that Mars did have the proper conditions for molybdenum oxide to form.

Prions are the smallest pathogens, and the most resilient

Nice

Someone really clicked this just to dislike it and it was uploaded 2 minutes ago

@cup_check_official

7 жыл бұрын

haters gonna hate. potatoes gonna potate

@HEXVeKtAr1

7 жыл бұрын

i know, it's quite saddening and puzzling to try understand what pushes people to dislike something that they havent even seen the intro to

@gnarthdarkanen7464

7 жыл бұрын

There are some people who (for various reasons not entirely understood) will chase down every upload from a certain source because some past offering or resource citation didn't seem to suit them. It's a chance (at least on YT) to "get back" at the people who posted such "disheartening" or "personally irritating" information of whatever quality. In the case of YT, it might serve the entire community really well, to require a minimum time spent actually watching the video before you got the "power" to activate a like or dislike on it. This tiny change (adding a timer in the interface to activate controls only after a time-out) would help to dissuade some people from perpetually bombarding themselves for the simple task of leaving a dislike... In further development, the timer added could be set and established based on the time of the video in question, say a 55% ratio just to ensure you watch more than half the thing before getting controls like "comment" "like" "dislike" and "subscribe"... An added benefit to keep us from making quite too random or quick and misjudgment too easily. Of course, it's just a suggestion, and yes, I know. Haters hate. It's what they do. :o)

@xiangmusic210

6 жыл бұрын

gnarth d'arkanen remember the bullies? people enjoy the sane thing on internet.

@yeahkeen2905

4 жыл бұрын

Brooke H it was uploaded two minutes ago but the video is 4 minutes long. I don’t see the problem here.

Viroids are like Yoda - small and legendary ALL HAIL HOLY VIROIDS

@LejaLexiphanic

7 жыл бұрын

Chaitanya Singh your profile pic made me think there was a hair on my screen lol

@uranus_crunch_cake87

6 жыл бұрын

I just blew on my screen....smh

How does the viroid rna get into the target cells? Viruses need sensors and injection needles for it...

scishow my dad found this new remedy called Bachs pastilles and he wants our while family to try it. but I am very skeptical and I really need your help.

Okay okay. I have a real question related to this important issue. Who tops their sour cream with potatoes?

Excellent... I remember reading an early 2000 science article about viruses being possibly the key to the origin of life/ RNA world... And when Viroids were mentioned and described briefly....I was thinking? Wait ? Aren't these things even simpler then viruses ?? Couldn't these be a possible key component to the origins of life/ or 'living Fossils' of 'The RNA world' (Theory)?? Glad That possibility been shared to other thinkers and learners...good job Scishow!

SciShow! I have a question to ask you, so what's the best way of submitting it? Leave it here or what?

Hey, question: are our bones always wet? Thanks

Thumbnail made me think of another kind of virus - the red "click here to find the answer"-circles on thumbnails.

What's the difference between "phage" (the term in use ca 1960's) and "viroid" (herein)....

poor potatoes 😢

Does anybody else feel an overwhelming sense of affection towards viroids

I somehow still wasn't expecting these guys to be even smaller than prions.

so why cant we fully digest corn?

what is the difference between this and a phage/prions?(ie mad cow)

but wait, how could rna be fist, if it needs all that comlex structure from a host to replicate?

How do these guys get inside plant cells?

Can viroids effect other viruses? Thus altering or even causing the rapid course of mutation?

nice

So what's the difference between viroids and prions? Perhaps that could be a subject of a future episode.

@krzysztofczarnecki8238

5 жыл бұрын

Viroids are RNA and prions are proteins, a different class of compounds. Prions also don't really get replicated, they just cause a protein that is the same sequence of amino acids as them but folded differently and already existing to change shape. Viroids are more like a computer virus than a real virus- just bare data in the form that it actually is represented with in a given system that tells it to copy just itself, not grow an entire fancy thumb drive around it, complete with a keychain and an end cap and then leave it on a pavement so that someone else picks it up out of curiosity.

How does the rna survive the environment? Shouldn't uv light and other strong stimuli destroy it

there's also prions!

Boi when did he get his hair cut

So I'm doing a project, right? On the "moon" of Venus known as Neith. I'd like you to make a video on that, it's quite interesting, but I can never find sources on it.... :(

Hey virus show some skin..... Ok now I am a viroid

I actually thought it was prions (~10nm), but if viroids are really a tenth the size of a small virus that's significantly smaller!

Viriods, Prions, and more. Have they done a video on why bacteria (eubacteria) are not related to other forms of life on Earth (left vs. right handed DNA, one proof).

Maybe this is the aliens we've been expecting

These viroids are killing me.

I thought they were trying to make a click bait video with all the circles lmao

I'm thinking this would make a good new pathogen for Plague Inc.

What about prions? Do we not count them as pathogens since they are pure protein?

Make a vid about "Sci Show Hand Tremors" aka "Shaking Hands like a Sound Wave" :) then a sequel, about the Bouncy SSHT version.. :)

Looks like Theodor *served* a *vital* purpose here! Get it? Because his last name is "Diener", and this is about pathogens...