The science behind the myth: Homer's "Odyssey" - Matt Kaplan
View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/the-science...
Homer's "Odyssey" recounts the adventures of the Greek hero Odysseus during his journey home from the Trojan War. Though some parts may be based on real events, the encounters with monsters, giants and magicians are considered to be complete fiction. But might there be more to these myths than meets the eye? Matt Kaplan explains why there might be more reality behind the "Odyssey" than many realize.
Lesson by Matt Kaplan, animation by Mike Schell.
Пікірлер: 709
So Odysseus and his crew were high the whole time? Does this explain how they meet a Cyclops or listen to Sirens?
@Germania9
8 жыл бұрын
Whatever they're ingesting makes them waaaaay too creative in their storytelling.
@mr.q337
8 жыл бұрын
+Zedfinite You know, being out in the open sea for too long can give you some hallucination. Just go out and ask some fisherman nowaday and you got difference kind of crazy stories already :))))
@nerdnation1076
8 жыл бұрын
+Sand Shadow Actually after looking it up Jimson Weed is also known as Angles Trumpet which has been used/known to cause someone to forget and cause someone to hallucinate
@copperdaylight
8 жыл бұрын
+Anton K but greeks are seafarers and traders. there may be a loose evidence they might have heard of these herbs, by word of mouth from others.
@xianghai1
8 жыл бұрын
+Anton K I feel that when they refer to Jimson's Weed, they're referring to the entire genus, not just the single species in North America. All members of the genus have the same hallucinatory effect, and there is a species native to Tunisia, which would have been very accessible to the Greek.
Please can you do more episodes like this? Uncovering the truths in myths and legends?
@asaavedra0327
8 жыл бұрын
You might like a show that was on the history channel called "Clash of the Gods." In it they go over popular myths and the historical events that may have caused it. They have 2 episodes that go really deep into The Odyssey.
@iamclassicforlife
8 жыл бұрын
asaavedra0327 Yeah, I saw the show :) I love it and wish they'd make more!
@hihikhkh789
6 жыл бұрын
"Myths are just truths we've forgotten."
@CrimeanHorseArcher
6 жыл бұрын
I highly recommend you to read 'The hero with a thousand faces' by J. Campbell
@gsom7
4 жыл бұрын
Euhemerism - myths are distorted accounts of real historical events, history in disguise
I've always heard the plant Hermes gives Odysseus was "Holy Moly" hence where we get the expression from
@ronaldmullis8636
7 жыл бұрын
Matthew Laing It would be holy if given by the gods so technically it could be called Holy Moly.
@jamesdriscoll7800
7 жыл бұрын
I Randomly Post Everything I agree
@PotionsMaster666
6 жыл бұрын
Ohhhhh.... Now I know . Thnx
@BuilderB08
3 жыл бұрын
I think that it is from holy guacamole, and holy moly is short for that. Maybe
@maxpowers4436
2 жыл бұрын
Nah it comes from "Holy Moses" just a minced up "clean" version. Was a popular saying with old superheros.
I love the art in this! Fantastic.
@hanruihuang1403
8 жыл бұрын
Odyseeus is usually depicted with a beard
@HiAdrian
8 жыл бұрын
*+CybeargPlays* Reminds me a bit of _Another World_.
@wolfvoigt5497
7 жыл бұрын
Hanrui Huang It is Art ;) It is free of interpretation
@ferosiety
6 жыл бұрын
bricknose tru
@bushrabegum7219
6 жыл бұрын
bricknose mee tooooooo
Is it possible that the telling of the Odyssey was a way for people to remember how to take care of themselves, when not every home had manuscripts or every town a healer? If you tell this tale to children, as they go through life they remember how Odysseus overcame his obstacles and therefore can overcome their own.
@Adriana.Gabriela
6 жыл бұрын
RustyRC83 Rc some stories could have had that purpose, even if it wasn't intentional. But it is generally thought that the Odyssey came about just as many other Greek stories did - as a way to entertain the crowds. During early Greek history, especially the Greek Dark Age (so somewhat before the Odyssey was written down), travelling poets (rhapsodes, something similar to bards) were really popular in Greece. Many (or all) of the stories they were telling basicall had the same structure and same fillers, which served as an easier way to remember the story, so you can retell it a bunch of times. These fillers and structure are visible in both the Illiad and the Odyssey and some other myths that were written down (but with the latter, mostly fillers are visible because they weren't always written in verse). Anyway, some other details of the stories often changed because the stories were long, and it was hard to remember everything without writing it down (which they didn't do), plus the same basic story was retold by more than one bard. That's why you have more than one version for basically every Greek myth, including the Odyssey (because 'Homer's Odyssey' is only one version, but the most well known one). And among the things that changed sometimes were the descriptions of plants, so I doubt the main purpose of the stories was what you said, but I definitely agree that it had a part. After all, many myths and stories in various folklores were more or less cautionary tales.
@tamaradimarco878
5 жыл бұрын
It's more than that. The Iliad and the Odyssey are like an enciclopedia: they contained all the knowledge of the ancient Greek civilization of circa 700/600BC, from plants (such as in this case), to society (like in the Odyssey, where almost every class of the society is described) to other more practical tasks as to how to build a raft (again in the Odyssey).
@josiemakes
4 жыл бұрын
I had the same thought!
@obiwanfisher537
Жыл бұрын
Eh, doubt it's that sophisticated really. But fun fact: Homer probably was only the first guy to write the story down, because these tales were usually memorised and told by bards and passed on verbally only. Which is evidenced by known traditions, and the fact that the tale is a lot more captivating told than read. There is a little bit of science behind it, but the gist is: It's nicer to listen to it, than to read it.
I think all fables and stories hide a truth in them that people often do not attempt to look for or consider. As language, slang and poetic meaning changes throughout the centuries, many of the old stories we have heard and thought of as entirely made up possibly hide very important truths and knowledge within them.
@snowwonder9814
7 жыл бұрын
I agree. Also, I love your username.
@KateKongummibears
7 жыл бұрын
SnowLeopard84 fangirl lol yeah
@jamesdriscoll7800
7 жыл бұрын
Vbgbcvtthfhtf
@britneybain8383
4 жыл бұрын
They used to be considered truth, but modern times translate things differently thus turning them into seemingly fiction
@extermannatre4274
4 жыл бұрын
qht you just said sounded very deep and meaningful and barely understood any of it lol
Odysseus did Molly guys...
@LazyOtaku
8 жыл бұрын
I didn't know your mother was named Molly. :p
@MrC0MPUT3R
8 жыл бұрын
ThisisNOTCONNECTED TOMYKZread Oh man. Anyone got some ice?
@mollyedmonds5323
8 жыл бұрын
Does this mean I'm bad, because my name is Molly...
@primalgroundon9690
7 жыл бұрын
Moly*
@MythopoeicNavid
7 жыл бұрын
It should mean that you were a gift from a gods, and have the power to stop poisonous witches.
So, Odysseus and his pals went on a drug vacation, and The Odyssey turns out to be an encrypted map with all the addresses of recommended dealers? Wow. Never thought of that. Pretty cool stuff.
@GLASSB182
2 жыл бұрын
A year long vacation! They sure enjoyed themselves for the time, and without even realizing the time they spent. Yeah, totally.
@hanbigim
Жыл бұрын
yes
They was popping Molly back in Odyssey's time ?!?
@sickening2879
7 жыл бұрын
Fig Newton AYYYE THEY KNEW HOW TO GET TUUUUUUUUUUURNT THOOOOO
@what6563
6 жыл бұрын
they were feeling like rockstars
@toncitos
5 жыл бұрын
That's why it took them so much to get back home, the Bros were chasin the dragon
@laureleiwolf
4 жыл бұрын
Doc Fig shook
@nolanknight4162
4 жыл бұрын
Moly
When the lesson writer narrates, it always makes me feel better... a change, once in a while, is good
"To good to be true". That pretty much sums up most of the Greek mythos
Tim Severin attempted to recreate the journey in an authentic boat from the era, and he identified numerous real features along the way which could have led to the legendary features in the story
I just love the way you guys make everything so simple to understand.
I want more of this. Explain the whole book!
Please do The Illiad!
Oh My God I've been binge watching all of these and now its the end I NEED MORE GUYS
Very interesting. This shows how myth, legend, stories and reality are conected at a certsin degree. I immediately remembered about the "snowdrop" from Stardust having similar "counter effect" to an ailment as stated here.
Love it! I study archeology, so at University this is considered to be basic knowledge, it's great to see, that so many people watch and like these videos. Hopefully this will make people like me getting less bullied in school, because greek mythology is definitely not boring or useless.
Odysseus aka Man of Many Devices. Or should I say "Nobody"...
@GooffyxXxGRxXx
8 жыл бұрын
+Dayz 3O6 thats not what πολυμηχανος means...but a man of many tricks.
@Dayz3O6
8 жыл бұрын
***** I've read the Iliad and that is one of his title. The other being "King of Ithaka" and "Odysseus the cunning".
@GooffyxXxGRxXx
8 жыл бұрын
no you misunderstood me. i mean "Man of Many Devices" in greek is πολυμηχανος,which really means a man of many tricks and not of many devices.
@Dayz3O6
8 жыл бұрын
***** I think the book mistranslated it.
@GooffyxXxGRxXx
8 жыл бұрын
Dayz 3O6 could be
An excellent connection of the ancient masterpiece with contemporary science.
this should be a series for other fictional stories it would be awesome
in the book of "Adventures in Human Being" Gavin Francis mentions about how Homeros describes battles at Iliad in a very specific way. So the book is about body parts and when Gavin is talking about collarbone he quotes from Iliad and mentions how Homeros knew nerves and stuff to be wrote in that specific way.
This is amazingly eye-opening. Thank you.
Need more episodes and examples on the science behind myths, please!
I read a book about early medicine in which the herb moly was translated as garlic. Garlic has a black root when subjected to a carmelization process (Google black garlic), it has a white or purple compound flower head (color depends on variety) and it was thought to be proof against magic and evil supernatural creatures. I wish I could remember which book it was. I will cite it if I remember or come across the book again.
@estebanr7917
5 жыл бұрын
Did you remember
@amitjoshi3534
Жыл бұрын
Waiting for you to remember
The animation & art here is amazing!
Awesome!!! I really appreciate your this humble effort!!
This makes perfect sense, and today reconstructing myths is all the rage. In India, there is such a diverse mythological background to everything we do, and it's origins are now coming to focus. Look up Devdutt Pattanaik and his books, on the Ramayan and Mahabharat, they are absolutely fascinating.
Please ! Please ! Please make more videos like this, on other epic poems or myths.
Great Explanation
awesome! never even thought of it this way
Great video
This story gives an entirely new meaning to "popping molly".
an absolutely fantastic video
Please do more scientific interpretations of myths.
If you want to know more about the herbs given by Hermes and similar truths behind myths, I highly suggest you read “Science of the Magical” by Matt Kaplan. It’s very good and quite witty. It feels not like a textbook or a scientific report, but rather a series of stories, told by someone with a joyous fascination.
Wow it makes those ancient myths 10x more magical.
Locals knew of these herbs and was simply common knowledge, that a gifted writer would absolutely use it in a good story, such as this one.
With time, stories become myths, myths become legends. Most myths have a base in reality, but the older the story, the more "mythical" the telling becomes and the original events are harder to identify. We can still easily see that today in a nutshell with the "broken phone" exercise.
Fascinating! A great example of how important knowledge was recorded and preserved in mythology by our remote - and remarkably smart - ancestors. More ancient science at Homer the Astronomer-1 and Homer-the-Astronomer-2
This was great... Looking forward to see Ondine's curse art
Can you guys upload more riddles? I love trying to figure them out and telling them to my friends
Very nice lesson...I learn more from here than in school I was attending..
Too quiet audio, you should make it a bit louder generally
@malaanandakumar2906
5 жыл бұрын
I know this is 3 years in the future but you are so right !
@jacobwiessner7650
4 жыл бұрын
@@malaanandakumar2906 I know this is 2 months in the future but you are also right.
@michelle-sz3wj
4 жыл бұрын
@@jacobwiessner7650 I know this is 4 days in the future, but I don't agree 😂
@curiousbench
4 жыл бұрын
jacob wiessner I know this is 4 months in the future but you are also right!
@The1234567890ashish
4 жыл бұрын
@@curiousbench I know this is one day in the future but you are right too!
Very Cool. And great Artwork.
What a wonderful animation 😍
Amazing illustrated animaltion
It helped us very much dude
Ahhh! Reminded me of my teacher back when I was 13.
@CarmelaMiles
8 жыл бұрын
MrMac5150 Lol... I'm way passed 15. I sent a message to my English teacher after watching this video.
Thank you so much
Awesome videos man👍🏻
@LughSummerson
8 жыл бұрын
+Marcos Zarate Awesome epics, Homer.
This is amazing
when I woke up today I didn't expect to become absolutely shooketh
You know its good content when they pronounce everything right ✅
I love your vids because I'm leaning so much and its fun to learn because of the little cartoon
Fascinating!
I'm relating this part of the Odyssey to the scene in the movie "O, brother where art thou?" (Which was actually based off of the Odyssey.) When one of the sirens at the river are feeding Everett poison.
Good timing
More myths! Please
The voice volume is much lower than other videos so I tune up mine then the outro music became too loud.
Very interesting.
Fascinating.
Very informative
Highly glorious!
It is a good story to help my son with his project.
Beautiful
I saw a documentary a while ago about how Scylla and Charybdis probably referred to a dangerous navigation area which Odysseus would have had to take between Troy and Ithaca.
I looked up the plant and we have it in Holland as well. It's called a sneeuwklokje (litteral translation: snowclock). Pretty neat :)
This blew my mind
Do one for Illiad!
excellent
Also, the famous pair of monsters that Odysseus encountered Scylla and Charybdis were propably natural phenomenons. Scylla was a rocky reef by the shore of Sicily, and Charybdis was a neighbouring maelstrom.
I am learning about this
1:00 Some corrections. First, the spell is in the food, and second, it was HOGS and PIGS, not just animals.
So interesting
It's one of those books I probably need to read like "The Divine Comedy" and "Finnegan's Wake".
Science is so fascinating ❤️❤️❤️❤️
anyone watching in 2019 7th of apr ? and i find these fun to watch.
Wow awesome tidbit 👌
Great lesson woven into this story. Ironic that ecstasy is tag named " molly" as well. LOL
Wow I've heard of the odessey but got interested in it when I saw it on a mission impossible movie
I really like the idea of ancient cultures using myths to convey information. It would certainly make sense from an evolutionary perspective; our brains are built to recall stories, much more so than facts, and the major advantage humans had that allowed them to build complex societies was our ability to build upon previous knowledge by inter-generational transmission of information. Storytelling could have evolved as a way to easily convey pertinent information, such as which plants could cure which illnesses. Obviously this theory isn't really falsifiable, but it's still a nice thought.
@yatharthshah
2 жыл бұрын
That is true. Ancient cultures knew many things that got lost to us due to the dark middle ages, and we are just researching them now.
More. Of this specifically. Thx.
So funny, walking by the beach I found this beautiful plant and decided to bring it home. It was Jimson Wed.
This is why i like stories
it's fascinating how people can dislike Ted videos specially this kind....
interesting episode:)
fascinating
As a Pharmacist i really appreciate the history of Pharmacognosy
Is Circe similar to this? which should I read if yes?
Does anybody know other videos similar to this? With the truth behind myths?
@mem260
7 жыл бұрын
They did one on the Minotaur if you want to look that up.
@georgiion1684
7 жыл бұрын
Madi i know, i already watched it. thx tho.
Is there anyone besides me who enter in a single video and cant just stop it !
I'm confused by the mention of Jimson Weed (i.e. Datura species) as a potential connection here as it's native to the new world and probably wouldn't have been in the Mediterranean during the time of the Odyssey. Am I missing something here?
sounds to me like they got drunk and blamed the lady
Odysseus also had a run in with some pygmies on a small island that sounds a lot like the pygmies of North Sentinel Island.
This teaches us not to come to conclusions with whatever little knowledge we humans have.
Odysseus wasn’t looking for Molly, but I’ll bet he’s glad he found her.
Module bought me here😂😂❤
the second i saw hermes holding moly i decided to think: "it's the holy moly!!"
Much better voiceover to the video