The Octet Rule: Help, Definition, and Exceptions
The Octet Rule is a general rule that is used to describe chemical bonding and draw Lewis Structures. The rule states that Main Group elements form bonds in a manner that results in each atom having eight valence electrons in the highest energy level (sometimes called outer shell). This results in each atom having the same electronic configuration as a noble gas.
For a complete tutorial drawing Lewis Structures, watch my video:
• How to Draw Lewis Stru...
The Octet Rule doesn’t work all the time and there are many exceptions. Hydrogen is one of the most notable exceptions and only needs two electrons to fill its outer shell. There are numerous other exceptions including expanded octets which can have up to twelve valence electrons.
Even with the exceptions, the Octet Rule is a valuable rule of thumb that helps scientists predict how atoms will bond to form compounds. These predictions are often what is ultimately unobserved in the lab.
Drawing/writing done in InkScape. Screen capture done with Camtasia Studio 4.0. Done on a Dell Dimension laptop computer with a Wacom digital tablet (Bamboo).
Пікірлер: 261
his voice told me that everything was gonna be okay
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
This comment made me smile!
@dohboy4132
3 жыл бұрын
especially for my chem test tom
@anujan5449
3 жыл бұрын
Yeah , without my headphones when some one notice me. I am so proud for his voice
@poojaboutique9147
3 жыл бұрын
@@wbreslyn which software you use for video
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
@@poojaboutique9147 Good question. I use a number of tools and increasingly I’m trying to use only open source software. Lately I’ve used InkScape (inkscape.org) for the writing. It is vector based so it gives the writing a very smooth feel. Adobe Illustrator was a bit expensive and I wanted to use software that was available to everyone. For image manipulation I use GIMP (www.gimp.org). Animations are usually done in OpenToonz (opentoonz.github.io) although I’ve not done much lately since it takes a lot of time. Often for molecular geometry I use phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/molecule-shapes/latest/molecule-shapes_en.html. MolView: molview.org/ is really helpful as well. For screen recording I use Camtasia Studio (costs money). This isn’t open source. I also do my cleanup and editing using Camtasia Studio. Many of the fades and transitions are done in Camtasia. OBS Studio (obsproject.com) is a free capture program that I’ve been meaning to try. I’m using a Dell Inspiron notebook computer with Windows 10 and a Yeti Blue Microphone. My writing tablet is a Wacom Bamboo. There are a lot of moving pieces, but they make the process more enjoyable and the outcome more useful.
This whole week I've been struggling with Lewis dot and octet rule. I literally learned how to do both in less than 5 minutes from this video and another video. My professor is so trash. You are not trash sir thanks for the help
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
Glad I could help! --- Dr. B
@irisce2799
Жыл бұрын
"You are not trash sir" that's an interesting way to compliment someone. lol
@dmath3223
Жыл бұрын
@@irisce2799 LOL frr
@arhanpopli5344
Жыл бұрын
@@irisce2799I am dying, with so much stress thank your posting this comment I appreciate you
This channel helps me understand more than my science teacher.
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks! --- Dr. B
@ironwithin3875
5 жыл бұрын
Honestly if your teacher can't explain the octet rule you're kinda fcked
@38Fanda
5 жыл бұрын
@@ironwithin3875 lol I finished my ap chem and got my diploma in without knowing the octet rule
@mr.mccrazy9893
5 жыл бұрын
Getting ready for finals and this taught me 3x more about the Octet rule 😂
@nate_kang
5 жыл бұрын
um same... oof
Thanks, now I know where to go when my teacher becomes Cardi B in explaining the topic
I survived 7th and 8th grade without knowing the octet rule, it's time.
@anshgates
3 жыл бұрын
Damn hahahahah
@alijaafar1753
3 жыл бұрын
same
@ZD-vz1hw
3 жыл бұрын
I'm learning it now in 11th grade 😂😂
@Jose-vn3jf
Жыл бұрын
@@ZD-vz1hw Same, literally have a test in like 40 minutes
ur the only youtuber that actually helps me understand. i think its the tone of ur voice being so clear and direct, as well as ur simple realistic explanations that doesn’t overcomplicate things. ive got a whole unit test tomorrow and never had the best grades for chemistry this year because of my teacher over complicating everything
Your videos are more than appreciated, Sir! Thank you for helping this old lady get through chemistry, Dr. B. 🥰
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
My pleasure and all the best in chem!
U git no clue hiw many students will thsnk for theur life for providing these vids 🙏🏻
LOVE Dr Bresyln's Videos. Thank you for taking the time to share your knowledge and for making this easy to understand:)
Thanks, that was simple and straight to the point! Gave you a like to support the channel. Keep up the great work!
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Awesome, much appreciated! --- Dr. B
Thankyou Sir I now have the answer to my doubt in spit of the fact that i had to watch 4:30 minutes of some content that wasnt my question but knowledgable. It was just weirdly helpful to watch as you gave my answer in the last 10 seconds. Good work, keep it up!(im saying geuinely)
I have a question, I know the way your predict how many electrons fall into each layer (2n2) but how do you do that with atoms that have an odd number of electrons? I notice it doesn't work quite as well. I.e., Unbiunium. It's shell structure is 2,8,18,32,33,18,8,2. Any pointers?
Such a helpful video. Thanks for everything you do
@wbreslyn
6 жыл бұрын
Glad I could help with the Octet Rule! --- Dr. B
I have been trying to understand this. Thank you for this video.
@wbreslyn
Жыл бұрын
Happy to help!
My teacher was yapping for almost half an hour when teaching this same thing, yet you did it in only 4 minutes. thank you.
i honestly prefer short, direct and simplified videos like these ones
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
So do I!
Thank you! For some reason I couldn’t get this for so long, this cleared things up💛🧡❤️
Your video help me lot in chemistry
@wbreslyn
6 жыл бұрын
Excellent, glad I could help! --- Dr. B
Dude thank you Dr B for expalining slowly and not overwhelming me like my teacher does
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
No problem, glad I could help with the Octet Rule! --- Dr. B
Thank i sooooo much. I was struggling immensely with this. Thank u sir
Simple and short, thank you very much sir!
@wbreslyn
Жыл бұрын
You are welcome!
Who are those 88 idiots who disliked this wonderful explanation. .... Sir. ..you explain a thousand times better than my science teacher ...I don't mean to hate my teacher but ....You're great ....from now onwards I have a respect for you in my heart
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the kind words! They are appreciated.
well taught man, love ur voice.
Thanks for telling nicely this video made doubts clear
Thankyou soo much instead of 20min lecture you taught us in 4:45min soo helpful video I've subscribed your channel
@wbreslyn
7 ай бұрын
Excellent!
Really its awesome and easy understanding
well explained sir
Helped me so much for my test tomorrow lol, thank you
thank you for this!! i'm struggling on that octet rule but you explained it neatly! thank you!! ♥️
Your voice is so calming
@wbreslyn
Жыл бұрын
Thank you!
How does the octet rule influence bonding?
You deserve more❤️🌸
Oh man you are really a cool teacher and thanks for explaining this topic .
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
You are a LEGEND FOR REALLLL
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks! --- Dr. B
I genuinely thank you
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
You are most welcome!
Thank you so much it helped em alot 😊
you're the only reason why I'm passing! LMAO thank you
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
Glad I can help!
@Raghav02
2 жыл бұрын
@@wbreslyn u r great
@wbreslyn
2 жыл бұрын
@@Raghav02 Hey, thanks!
Thank you so much sir! I understood everything 👍🏻
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it helped!
Thank you man now i get it
Thanks for guide
This was Sooo useful😭😭
Very good explanation 👍🏻👍🏻 It helped me a lot in understanding this concept. Thankyou 😊
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
Thank you very much!
my chemistry grade was so low with this video i think i will pass before the regents exams
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
I hope you pass!
I dont know how i made it to the english science part of youtube as a polish person, but this is way better than polish videos.
Sir, can I take down notes of what you said in your video and share it to my classmates? I will make sure to put citations. Thankyou
Great video thanks a lot
@wbreslyn
6 жыл бұрын
Glad I could help with the Octet Rule! --- Dr. B
Thank you i have clear all my basic concept
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Excellent, the octet rule is important in general chemistry. --- Dr. B
Thanks!
I love your videos dude Keep it up
@wbreslyn
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks, will do!
I understand very easily great
This is very helpful thank you
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
You are welcome! Glad I could help with the Octet Rule. --- Dr. B
Thank you
what a nice explanation,thank you
@wbreslyn
6 жыл бұрын
Thank you - most appreciated! -- Dr. B
Thank U Sir...
Crystal ✨ clear explanation
@anushkadwivedi7655
2 жыл бұрын
Sir you are really legend in chemistry
Thank you :D
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
You are most welcome!
Thanks dude, that really helped
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Awesome, glad I could help with the octet rule! --- Dr. B
@riyaagrawal603
5 жыл бұрын
@@wbreslyn really loved all your chemistry related videos and your website was a great help! 😄
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the encouraging words! I'm still working on adding content to the website.
When you say minimize energy, what do you mean by that? I remember the term lowest energy state. Maybe that is a rule of nature. I am guessing that there is a whole lot more to this than could be. answered with a short answer. I have one more question. Hydrogen comes in pairs. Do the electrons circle the entire pairs or do they go and figure eights? I also wonder if the hydrogen atoms come together so that the electrons can interact with each other?
@wbreslyn
11 ай бұрын
Good questions! The electrons in a covalent bond are not actually circling the atoms in a figure eight pattern. Instead, they are spread out in a cloud around the two atoms. The shape of the electron cloud is determined by the shape of the orbitals that the electrons are in. So for H2 they are shared. Yes, I would say the tendency of a system to minimize its energy is a rule of nature. In this case the H atoms molecule can minimize its energy by forming bonds between its atoms to make H2.
Thank u for a such a nice video
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
My pleasure 😊
Bruh my teacher couldn’t explain me better than this guy did AND HE EVEN DID IT FOR FREE!
As a central atom (not counting free radicals), Group 1 - Alkali metals, Group 2 - Alkali earth metals Group 3 elements (3rd or higher period), C, N, O, F and Ne follow Octet rules. C, N, O, F, Na, Mg have no 3d orbitals so no hybridation to break octet rules.
This helped me toooooooooooooo much,Thank You
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
You're welcome!
thank u dr. b sir
Can you explain it in chlorine's isotope
Thank you so muchh
Hi idk if you see this but your a lifesaver
@wbreslyn
10 ай бұрын
Happy to help!
It helped me a lot in understanding..the octet rule
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
Excellent --- Dr. B
Thanks for this nice video
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
You are welcome! --- Dr. B
Thank you sir❤
@wbreslyn
Жыл бұрын
You are most welcome!
Would it be possible to have an octet for an atom?
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
Yep. All the Noble Gases have octets and they exists as individual atoms. - Dr. B
Thanks a lot!
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
No problem, glad I could help with the Octet Rule! --- Dr. B
When two Hydrogen bond together is it an octet or a duet bond?
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
I'd called it a duet. See kzread.info/dash/bejne/hGuHttGHoJS5f5s.html. --- Dr. B
Ultimately, we’re all just looking for that special atom to come and stabilize us.
@melodylyne
3 жыл бұрын
lol
Crystal clear definition👍👍
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you, I spent a lot of time creating this video! --- Dr. B
@jayantagoswami3819
5 жыл бұрын
@@wbreslyn Sir can u try to upload a video about dipole moment...... It would be of great help if u do so..
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
This might help some... Polar/NonPolar: kzread.info/dash/bejne/gXx6qbqfh6XFopc.html
thank you so much !!
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
You're welcome!
What about NaI?
YOU ARE AWESOME!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
You are most welcome! --- Dr. B
Superb
@wbreslyn
Жыл бұрын
Thanks 🤗
Nice explanation....
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks! --- Dr. B
I need a refresher, I slept during the discussion today 🤧😩
Nice video So helpful to me
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks, glad I could help with the Octet Rule! --- Dr. B
Thank you very much dear sir
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
You are welcome, glad I could help with the Octet Rule! --- Dr. B
Sir at 2:38 you made a mistake that Na is a metal and Cl is a non-metal. When you go to the right side of the group electropositivity increases. Sir my Chemistry Mam teaches same like you. Thanks for the video.
does octect rule work outsidide of earth \
@wbreslyn
3 жыл бұрын
It should work anywhere in the known universe.
Why is this drawn like this? Do electrons really pair up like that. Aren't they supposed to be spaced since they repel each other.
is Ionic bonds same as Ionic Compound?
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
That makes sense. Ionic compounds have ionic bonds holding the elements together. --- Dr. B
It would be good to have an explanation of why the octet rule works
But the many body schrodinger equation REEEEEEEE!
2 dislikes ? who the fck does that 1 like for you good sir thank you
@candy5680
5 жыл бұрын
well because there are people who don't care about school, and this video should have 13 likes, and 362 dislikes
@shybread315
5 жыл бұрын
@@candy5680 stop being an edgy middle schooler, be lucky he's helping you
@ravindrababukalagatla6228
5 жыл бұрын
Who the fuck r u to scold me he is dng it for money not for us and remember all r wasting time by not going to school
Wow, I'm so clear bout ionic compound and covalent bond my professor cant explain shit
@kingofgames2459
3 жыл бұрын
If your science teacher can't explain octet rule your kinda fuc*ed man
i know when atoms form ionic and covalent bonds, but when do they form metallic? is it metal + metal? Also, in my chemistry course, we talk about polar and non-polar covalent bonds. What is this? also random question: which sublevels are full when an atom has a noble gas configuration (test question)
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
Okay, so metal + metal is metallic bonding. And: Polar/NonPolar: kzread.info/dash/bejne/gXx6qbqfh6XFopc.html s and p for nobal gas... Hope you did well on your test! --- Dr. B
thanks
@wbreslyn
Жыл бұрын
You're welcome!
What about transition metal?
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
It gets more complicated with transition metals so we usually ignore them in general chemistry. --- Dr. B
Thanks you
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
You’re welcome!
I have a doubt. Why should an atom should compete it's octect. Please dont answer me that for stability
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
It's really lower energy which leads to stability.
@sriram-zn3ic
4 жыл бұрын
@@wbreslyn very much thank you sir.
Sir, but what's the need to make them octet
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
It is considered to be a more stable way for atoms to bond together. But there are lots of exceptions to the octet rule: Exceptions to the Octet Rule: kzread.info/dash/bejne/dp-ej7WGcq-3qrA.html --- Dr. B
The best chemistry teacher sent me here. Imagine have a last name of an animal.
@wbreslyn
4 жыл бұрын
Good to hear! --- Dr. B
Who’s here for Ap chem?
Do all non-metals form covalent bonds?
@wbreslyn
5 жыл бұрын
In general this is the case, but there are always exceptions in chemistry. But for an intro chem course you are probably not expected to know the exceptions. --- Dr. B
@AbdulWahab-jf6iz
5 жыл бұрын
Non metals when bonding with non metals form covalent bonds but with metals non metals form ionic bonds