The Mysterious Story of a Missing Medieval Kingdom

In terms of Medieval mysteries, the lost kingdom of Rheinwg stands out. Referenced a dozen times throughout the surviving sources that we have, covering composition dates from the 11th to the 13th centuries, appearing in events all the way back in the 6th century to as late as the 16th, and yet, today we know almost nothing.
Hardly anything on the lost kingdom of Rheinwg has survived, and exactly no information on precisely where this missing medieval kingdom was located has survived either. This place left a mark on Welsh history, and the history of Wales, and indeed Britain, proceeded without it. Merely a century after one of it's last mentions, writers and historians were already beginning to forget the location of Rheinwg, and today I aim to reverse that.
In this video, I'm going to be examining all of the information we have on the lost kingdom of Rheinwg, we will seek to uncover its medieval records, examine what more contemporary historians believed, and finally look at what modern historians have theorised.
Sources:
Secondary, current research:
Guy, B. (2019). Rheinwg: The Lost Kingdom of South Wales. Peritia, pp.1-31. doi.org/10.1484/J.PERIT.5.120982
Bartrum, P.C. (1993). A Welsh Classical Dictionary : People in History and Legend up to about A.D. 1000. The National Library of Wales, pp.189, 366-367, 630, 633.
Charles-Edwards, T.M. (2013). Wales and the Britons, 350-1064. Oxford: OUP, p. 20.
Secondary, outdated/no longer supported research:
Lloyd, J. E. (1911). A History of Wales, Vol. 1. London: Longmans, Green and Co., pp.281-282.
Phillimore, E. (1890). The Publication of Welsh Historical Records. Y Cymmrodor, XI(1), p.141.
Morris, L. (1778). Celtic Remains. Cambrian Archaeological Association, pp.171-172.
Bartrum, P.C. (1948). Some Studies in Early Welsh History. Y Cymmrodor, pp.296-299.
Primary:
Philimore, E. (1888). The Annales Cambriae and Old Welsh Genealogies. Y Cymmrodor, IX, pp.141-168.
Ingram, J. (1912). The Annals of Wales.
Owen, A. (1841). Ancient Laws and Institutes of Wales: Comprising Laws Supposed to be Enacted by Howel the Good, Volume 2. London: G. E. Eyre and A. Spottiswoode.
Vitae Sanctorum Britanniae et Genealogiae. ed. A. W. Wade-Evans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1944.
Llwyd, H. (1573) Commentarioli Descriptionis Britanniae Fragmentum
Camden, W. (1586) Britannia
Maps:
© OpenStreetMap contributors, licensed under CC BY-SA: www.openstreetmap.org/copyright
www.floodmap.net/
Music:
'Direct to Video', 'Reappear', 'Divider', 'Angie's Sunday Service' are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: chriszabriskie.com/dtv/
Artist: chriszabriskie.com/
Images from, and of:
'Voiage and Travayle of Sir John Maundeville', Snails, Moles: CC0, via the British Library
Caernarvon Castle, Dinas Bran, Chepstow, Margain Abbey, Brecknock, Goodrich Castle, Snowdon: CC0, via the Yale Centre for British Art
Hywel Dda, The Historie of Cambria, Cynan: CC0, via the National Library of Wales
Offa: CC BY 2.0 creativecommons.org/licenses/..., via the Portable Antiquities Scheme
#wales

Пікірлер: 1 100

  • @celebalert5616
    @celebalert5616 Жыл бұрын

    I could easily locate this place if I put my mind to it.

  • @Atollic

    @Atollic

    Жыл бұрын

    All hail CELEB. Our mightly lord.

  • @curtisheron8858

    @curtisheron8858

    Жыл бұрын

    You fail In life when you never put your mind to anything.

  • @solarpenguin1

    @solarpenguin1

    Жыл бұрын

    Have you tried looking down the back of the sofa? That's where my lost things usually turn up.

  • @helloworld-wy4vq

    @helloworld-wy4vq

    Жыл бұрын

    Not if I can help it.

  • @telebubba5527

    @telebubba5527

    Жыл бұрын

    Wot mind?

  • @ROBOHOLIC1
    @ROBOHOLIC1 Жыл бұрын

    Maybe the real Rheinwg were the friends we made along the way?

  • @VODEnjoyer

    @VODEnjoyer

    Жыл бұрын

    😮😮

  • @LTPottenger

    @LTPottenger

    Жыл бұрын

    Everyone asks where Rheinwg is, but no one asks how Rheinwg is.

  • @DirtyDruid

    @DirtyDruid

    Жыл бұрын

    A little Rheinwg lives in all of us.

  • @gildedpeahen876

    @gildedpeahen876

    Жыл бұрын

    🖤😞🙏

  • @realgsdontdie5095

    @realgsdontdie5095

    Жыл бұрын

    Everyone forgot about Rheinwg's younger brother Lemmiwinks.

  • @limolnar
    @limolnar Жыл бұрын

    It's important to remember that kingdoms in antiquity often were named by not just land occupied, but also through vassalage. Rome, for example, was any land that came under the sway of the city of Rome. So Rheinwg could have overlapped several other kingdoms.

  • @donwayne1357

    @donwayne1357

    Жыл бұрын

    Just what the Illinois Enema Bandit would say, the one with the bag of hot soapy water and the twisty nozzle.

  • @mondaysinsanity8193

    @mondaysinsanity8193

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah feudalism made borders VERY weird. The idea of nation states didnt exist yet

  • @Slothface

    @Slothface

    Жыл бұрын

    you need to explain it to historians like they are five years old

  • @lolasdm6959

    @lolasdm6959

    Жыл бұрын

    @@mondaysinsanity8193 Nation states were rare but not absent in pre modern times.

  • @mondaysinsanity8193

    @mondaysinsanity8193

    Жыл бұрын

    @@lolasdm6959 name a nation state pre say 1600

  • @JulianScotus
    @JulianScotus Жыл бұрын

    *Scholars:* _"Hey where did Rheinwg go?"_ *King Offa with a conspicuously Rheinwg-shaped belly:* _"Erm, no clue"_

  • @celtofcanaanesurix2245
    @celtofcanaanesurix2245 Жыл бұрын

    honestly I thought this was going to be about that one mythical welsh kingdom that was supposedly where the irish sea is today, but good to hear of something I never knew about before

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Cantref Gwaelod is super interesting too, might be a topic for the future

  • @eamonnclabby7067

    @eamonnclabby7067

    Жыл бұрын

    @@CambrianChronicles indeed Cardigan, Atlantis...

  • @coalkingryan881

    @coalkingryan881

    Жыл бұрын

    I don’t know anything about this kingdom, but seeing as water levels were significantly low for a time, allowing these people to go to the British Isles which at the time were a part of mainland Europe, all these stories about sunken cities and kingdoms could well be true to the extent that when ocean levels rose it took these lands and people with it. Presumably this is why the Flood is a story in every religion. Global warming isn’t anything new, so the flood really could’ve just have been the ice caps melting and the oceans rising at an unprecedented level completely submerging “Atlantis” or “Enoch”

  • @damenwhelan3236

    @damenwhelan3236

    Жыл бұрын

    @@coalkingryan881 I'd be very cautious with applying this to the Irish myths. People died off in Ireland before settling again long after the sea levels rose. So ireland was always an island to the longest inhabitants. But grwat Britain has been inhabited longer and well into the times of doggerland.

  • @pittsburghmcconnell

    @pittsburghmcconnell

    Жыл бұрын

    Awesome. Almost didn't watch because I thought it was going to be about John's lost kingdom.

  • @longschlongsilver7628
    @longschlongsilver7628 Жыл бұрын

    What if there were more writings about Rheinwg that were kept in monasteries but were destroyed when they were dissolved by Henry VIII?

  • @mrandrews3616

    @mrandrews3616

    Жыл бұрын

    I wouldn't be surprised if that happened

  • @BronzetheGolden

    @BronzetheGolden

    Жыл бұрын

    @Darren Thyer Because... Because they reveal that British people are actually LIZARDMEN!

  • @viciousyeen6644

    @viciousyeen6644

    Жыл бұрын

    Sounds plausible

  • @Justquitalready

    @Justquitalready

    Жыл бұрын

    Did the Vikings attacking coastal monasteries destroy historical manuscripts as well?

  • @mrandrews3616

    @mrandrews3616

    Жыл бұрын

    @Justquitalready they did, but viking raids tended to be more like smash and grab attacks. In fact the chroniclers mention vikings ripping the jewels from the covers of books but leaving the books themselves. I don't doubt that the viking raids did some damage but nothing compared to the complete destruction of Henry VIII.

  • @darkhorse505
    @darkhorse505 Жыл бұрын

    Honestly I just admire the dedication you put into finding the information and making this video of an obscure yet fascinating piece of Welsh history

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @lordsiomai
    @lordsiomai Жыл бұрын

    I kinda like the idea of "Rheinwg" as the name of a region rather than a specific kingdom. It would better explain the weird variety of it's criteria. Remember back when "Asia" was just used to refer to Turkey or something? Now "Asia" refers to the entire continent. Region names are much more flexible than the names of actual kingdoms/places and thus it makes sense to look at Rheinwg that way.

  • @trodat07

    @trodat07

    Жыл бұрын

    In Spanish, king is ‘rey’ and kingdom is ‘reino’, both sound weirdly familiar to ‘rheinwg’.

  • @lordsiomai

    @lordsiomai

    Жыл бұрын

    @@trodat07 doesn't tell us much since these two languages developed so far apart from each other. Still, a very interesting coincidence indeed

  • @kweejibodali3078

    @kweejibodali3078

    Жыл бұрын

    I think Asia Minor referenced Turkey, not Asia

  • @lordsiomai

    @lordsiomai

    Жыл бұрын

    @@kweejibodali3078 oh yes that one thank you for reminding! Forgot the minor part

  • @tomcole5118

    @tomcole5118

    Жыл бұрын

    @@kweejibodali3078 The Geographical region of Asia minor is referred to today as Anatolia. Turkey occupies land beyond Anatolia, Anatolia is generally defined to end to the east at the Armenian Highlands and to the west at the Dardanelles and Bosporus straits. Many different peoples aside from the Turks lived in Anatolia and to describe the region simply as Turkey does a disservice to it's history.

  • @user-wr6dj4ib9o
    @user-wr6dj4ib9o Жыл бұрын

    as rheinwgian i confirm not even we remember where we are

  • @JapicaIsSus

    @JapicaIsSus

    6 ай бұрын

    Wow, I didn’t know a thousand-year old person could use the internet

  • @starhalv2427
    @starhalv2427 Жыл бұрын

    My theory is that it was considered to be most or the entire of southern Wales, and many lesser lords called themselves kings of Rheinwg as a form of laying claims to many more territories than they actually controlled.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    That does make a lot of sense!

  • @lolasdm6959

    @lolasdm6959

    Жыл бұрын

    Just like people calling themselves the "Roman emporer"

  • @lolasdm6959

    @lolasdm6959

    Жыл бұрын

    It could also be that they all descended from a king named Rhein, which rule over the original Rheinwg. Just like all kings of the ptolemaic dynasty are named Ptoleme

  • @HipixOFFICIAL

    @HipixOFFICIAL

    Жыл бұрын

    I was thinking maybe the authors of these records were mistakenly referring to vassals as kingdoms and as such, referring to counts and dukes as kings.

  • @raypurchase801

    @raypurchase801

    Жыл бұрын

    @@CambrianChronicles Is this the location of Castle Anthrax?

  • @hatac
    @hatac Жыл бұрын

    Your explanation is quite reasonable. Remember Holland was once part of the kingdom of Spain. Some French and German kingdoms moved hundreds of miles as the king moved their center of power to a new and more strategic location only to loose the land of their ancestors to other invaders. Poland is also a nation, people and culture that has moved greatly. Once it reached from Lithuania through Belarus to Ukraine on the black sea but controlled very little of what is now Poland today. That was Prussia at the time.

  • @henkvandervossen6616

    @henkvandervossen6616

    Жыл бұрын

    Silesia was austrian until mid 18th century

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, those examples are excellent as well, especially Poland, I hadn't realised how much it had shifted over the centuries

  • @studiumhistoriae

    @studiumhistoriae

    Жыл бұрын

    I am reminded of the Duchy of Saxony which wound up being in a completely different place than its place of origin (now called Lower Saxony)

  • @henkvandervossen6616

    @henkvandervossen6616

    Жыл бұрын

    @@studiumhistoriae The saxony you mention is still there, around Dresden.

  • @keizoxd5623

    @keizoxd5623

    Жыл бұрын

    @@studiumhistoriae Duchy of Saxony never moved. It was still there until 1871 when the 2nd Reich was formed. Lower Saxony or Niedersachsen is a completely different state

  • @CineMiamParis
    @CineMiamParis6 ай бұрын

    « Kidneys : 14 » I love that you take the trouble of hiding hilarious Easter eggs within a engaging and well-written story. Very nice job.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    6 ай бұрын

    Haha thank you

  • @billychops1280
    @billychops1280 Жыл бұрын

    I was planning on doing a Welsh campaign in ck3 but I couldn’t decide who to start as so I came here hoping to see which region had the coolest history lol

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Hopefully I helped!

  • @ibiGamer

    @ibiGamer

    Жыл бұрын

    ck2 better

  • @TY-km8hj

    @TY-km8hj

    Жыл бұрын

    @@ibiGamer could u explain why? I've only ever played ck2 and love it but it seems as tho everything in 3 is made better, I don't have a strong enough laptop or pc to run ck3 so I'm waiting for the day lol

  • @saltgamer7895

    @saltgamer7895

    Жыл бұрын

    @@TY-km8hj Probably because of nostalgia value.

  • @user-wr6dj4ib9o

    @user-wr6dj4ib9o

    Жыл бұрын

    ck3?

  • @kitstorm7637
    @kitstorm7637 Жыл бұрын

    Great work again, especially the way historiography is portrayed. A lot of this vague "we're not 100% sure" sort of history often comes down to Occam's razor, doesn't it? Can't wait for what comes next!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    It definitely does to a certain degree haha, sometimes it seems like it becomes too easy to just ignore any contradicting evidence

  • @stevie-ray2020

    @stevie-ray2020

    9 ай бұрын

    As History is usually written by the victors or usurpers, much of the truth has inconveniently disappeared from the records of the past!

  • @Vextonomy
    @Vextonomy Жыл бұрын

    This has given me an existential crisis about being forgotten and not making a difference in history enough not to be thought of and that I will eventually fade away like I never existed. On a serious note great video lmao

  • @jahmanhosking5153

    @jahmanhosking5153

    6 күн бұрын

    I have already forgotten you exist.

  • @LukeGood1018
    @LukeGood1018 Жыл бұрын

    As a proud Welshman I am soo grateful for this channel. Thank you for shedding some light on my ancestors' amazing history.

  • @RR-ut3xl

    @RR-ut3xl

    Жыл бұрын

    WAAAAALES

  • @LukeGood1018

    @LukeGood1018

    Жыл бұрын

    @@RR-ut3xl CYMRUUUUU. Happy New Year

  • @LukeGood1018

    @LukeGood1018

    Жыл бұрын

    @kprop Amen, gyfaill.

  • @vikttor_6495

    @vikttor_6495

    Жыл бұрын

    Welsh is really wierd but also interesting language. Like sometimes when I see something in welsh it looks like somebody's head has fallen on keyboard

  • @LukeGood1018

    @LukeGood1018

    Жыл бұрын

    @@vikttor_6495 LOL, very funny. Yes I suppose it would look strange to a non-Welsh speaker, but to me and other Cymry (the Welsh people), it is a beautifully poetic language. The poetic and prose literature, ranging from the work of the ancient bards to the authors and poets of today is a truly magical art form and unique to Cymraeg (the Welsh language). Cymru am Byth

  • @swaffelkonijn5166
    @swaffelkonijn5166 Жыл бұрын

    Can I just say that for me, as someone with an MA in history, it's so nice to see someone doing some actual historical research on YT, someone actually explaining a method and reasoning rather than the usual "15 things wrong with Braveheart that you didn't know about" type of nonsense. Perhaps I would have liked to have seen a bit more background about the sources and their authors (if at all possible, which, let's be fair, it probably won't be). All-round top effort!

  • @Ulfcytel
    @Ulfcytel Жыл бұрын

    An example of different geographical areas which came under the same name (or the designation moved) later in the medieval period is Burgundy. Not only was there a separate County and Dutchy of Burgundy, but the lands were both in what is now eastern and south-eastern France *and* also areas of modern Belgium. The location could vary by hundreds of miles depending upon when and whom you asked. Very much enjoy your videos.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Another excellent example, thank you for sharing!

  • @Enleuk

    @Enleuk

    Жыл бұрын

    The name of Burgundy came from the Burgundians who lived in Poland around the 3rd century. Their name in turn came from or with people who lived in Scandinavia e.g. on the island of Bornholm.

  • @vanyadolly

    @vanyadolly

    Жыл бұрын

    A puzzle for future historians!

  • @frenchfriar
    @frenchfriar Жыл бұрын

    Honestly, I think it's amazing we know enough to even have conjecture about these vague one time mentions in documents over a thousand years old. Fascinating, though.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    I couldn't agree more, the amount of theorising that historians can do with only a few scant mentions is incredible

  • @campfiresnlasguns
    @campfiresnlasguns Жыл бұрын

    By confusing their foes of their kingdom's true whereabouts, it is certainly an interesting way of defending oneself.

  • @leppivt
    @leppivt Жыл бұрын

    I have never been so fascinated with a story/history with names I can't even begin to pronounce correctly 😅. Well done!

  • @OldnGold
    @OldnGold Жыл бұрын

    The key to finding a missing medieval kingdom is the same as finding anything else. It's always in the last place you look.

  • @CalvinNoire

    @CalvinNoire

    Жыл бұрын

    Is this kingdom possibly located in America? That's my theory /j

  • @raypurchase801

    @raypurchase801

    Жыл бұрын

    @@CalvinNoire I suspect Castle Anthrax is in this kingdom.

  • @GoGodman

    @GoGodman

    9 ай бұрын

    ​@CalvinNoire No because America wasn't discovered during this era

  • @killtheZOG
    @killtheZOG Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for making these videos about Welsh history! I appreciate the effort you put into your videos so much!

  • @bostonrailfan2427
    @bostonrailfan2427 Жыл бұрын

    i thought it would be about Arthur and the whole knights of the round table, but a weird bit of local history that sprung out of a very brief period of time that unintentionally got recorded in records and baffled educated people for centuries is simply much better! it makes sense, it was lost due to the changes in how places are referred to and took a lot of investigation into other things not considered for you to expose the truth and give the place its due…you brought out a unique piece of Welsh history that deserved to be known

  • @aronaax

    @aronaax

    Жыл бұрын

    I mean, king Arthur didn't even exist, probably, since there is no evidence of him existing

  • @bostonrailfan2427

    @bostonrailfan2427

    Жыл бұрын

    @@aronaax there’s theories of him being a Cornish man of great power and wealth but not a king…evidence is there of his existence as a normal man but notbas a king

  • @aronaax

    @aronaax

    Жыл бұрын

    @@bostonrailfan2427 there is *no* evidence of an Arthur existing in the alleged time in the said place, being a king on top of all the other stuff. Sure, the legends of him written long after his alleged existence might have could have used other existing persons from around that time, to build the story around some "solid" base, but it's highly debatable that there is any actual proof of any of those inspiration-persons being in the picture to say the least

  • @bostonrailfan2427

    @bostonrailfan2427

    Жыл бұрын

    @@aronaax you’re spouting off crap without any evidence, but i doubt you care: you’re just trying to make yourself feel better by appearing to be smart. i never said the king was real, just that the story had roots in reality that huge shock: English people try to believe isn’t true. their biggest hero being based on a Cornish rich person? that can’t be allowed! no, he must be fake! even though there is actual evidence into the story that points to local tales based on the descriptions in the stories. he wasn’t a king, but a very rich person of blood.

  • @studiumhistoriae
    @studiumhistoriae Жыл бұрын

    What a great and interesting video! I think it should also be kept in mind that the titles of kingdoms in the middle ages (especially the earlier middle ages) were not necessarily as set in stone as many people think. I imagine Rheinwg could have been one term used specifically for the kingdom as ruled by the descendants of Rhain until that dynastic connection ceased to be significant, though I admit medieval Wales is far from my specialty so I could be completely off the ball here.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you! That's certainly a good point, it's definitely possible that it was a term for the dynasty descending from Rhain, perhaps until its eventual conquest by Gwynedd from the north

  • @EternalShadow1667
    @EternalShadow1667 Жыл бұрын

    Ahh, this is such a lovely and entertaining video! Thank you for it! Amazing what we’d know if people didn’t keep destroying heritage. And how much we can extract from the scraps that survived WW2 and whatnot. The British Isles are so amazing to have escaped the worst of it. And thank you for monitoring comments and answering questions!

  • @philiphawley1319
    @philiphawley1319 Жыл бұрын

    Tremendous research, I one had a friend from London who moved to Swansea. She spent a very long Sunday driving around, trying to find a place called Abertawe, as it sounded so nice....!! lol. With the confusion like this, plus the sparse records, and the passage of over a thousand years it is a miracle that you could draw any credible conclusions. Well done.

  • @Gortius-VIII
    @Gortius-VIII Жыл бұрын

    Incredible video as always. In fact, your whole channel inspired me to start leaning Welsh!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, that is amazing to hear!

  • @honey23b2
    @honey23b2 Жыл бұрын

    This is a history mystery. Thank you. Highly recommended. Great comments too. Very thought provoking. So nice to find a real interesting history channel without robot talking and silly scaremongering. 😂. Thank you again. 🎉Happy new Year Everyone.

  • @eardwulf785
    @eardwulf785 Жыл бұрын

    Nothing like a bit of medieval detective work to start the day, super interesting video; subscribed! Just a little North of where i live is an interesting place called Sherburn-in-Elmut. Sherburn is Anglo Saxon in origin but Elmut is much more mysterious. It was a post Roman Brythonic Kingdom with not that much known about it. I think it's amazing that it still exists today, how the place name survived the Anglisc and Danish expansions is what fascinates me.

  • @beth7935

    @beth7935

    Жыл бұрын

    I remember hearing something about a mysterious Brythonic kingdom called Elmet, & that's what I thought of when I saw this video title.

  • @eardwulf785

    @eardwulf785

    Жыл бұрын

    Well it did border onto Mercia but that's all I can think of to make it a contender. In fact rather than Elmut warring with Mercia they became allies against the Northumbrians.

  • @beth7935

    @beth7935

    Жыл бұрын

    @@eardwulf785 Oh gosh no, I didn't think Rheinwg WAS Elmet! It's clearly in a totally different place! Nor do I know enough to propose an alternative theory- & this seems correct anyway. It just reminded me of it cos it's another "mysterious" kingdom in Britain. I didn't know Elmet allied with Mercia against Northumbria, that's interesting! But then it certainly wasn't "all Celts vs. all Anglo-Saxons". I only really remember that Elmet was a Brythonic kingdom in the north of England tho; it was ages ago that I heard of it.

  • @WK-47

    @WK-47

    Жыл бұрын

    Place names seem to survive better than personal ones, even if they can still become corrupted with time as with any words. I mean, personal names can be synonymous or interchangeable with titles, and at least parts of the world once practised the ritual removal of names of former rulers if the new regime really wanted to supersede the previous one (Akhenaten is a good example, even if Ancient Egypt is pretty distant in place and time to pre-medieval Britain). In contrast, and maybe I'm comparing apples and pears here, in south-east Scotland you'll find a strange mix of linguistic roots for the place names. There are more English-influenced Scots ones than almost anywhere else in the country (one reason it's the 'least Scottish' corner of Scotland), such as '-burgh'. Then you find very little Gaelic (one way to tell how deep into Scotland you are is by how many places have 'aber-' in them), again due to the cultural and geographical proximity to England, in part thanks to the old Roman road now mostly covered by the A1 motorway. The other one, definitely the strangest and what your comment reminded me of, is Old Welsh. Seems like a fluke, one of those linguistic oddities that's hard to explain, but according to historian Alistair Moffat (I strongly recommend his work, especially The Faded Map, which is actually about 'lost' kingdoms) is due to a considerable wave of settlers from Wales a long, long time ago. The village I grew up in, for instance, has an entirely Old Brythonic (okay, not Old Welsh in this case but still pre-Gaelic Celtic) name that's uncorrupted enough for a layman like me to understand the etymology of. Anyway, I'm rambling. Point is, history and linguistics are fascinating, but (especially ancient) Britain just takes them to another level.

  • @prettyjavivu2836
    @prettyjavivu2836 Жыл бұрын

    Great work to show the research and effort thrown into history!!! This gives me motivation to go out and discover more about history, our past, all details and other curiosities. Magnificent video

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @richardharries5551
    @richardharries555110 ай бұрын

    Don't know if it helps but one of my Uncles lived on a farm called Cadwgan, on the north side of the hamlet Rhoshill. My family tree goes back to the 10th century as we've always been farmers. Another Uncle farmed ten miles north on the road to Cardigan whilst Another Uncle ten miles to the South farmed near Clynderwen. My Dad farmed near Glogue and Llanfyrnach. The latter not to be mixed with the other village of Llanfrynach. There's a document of Farmers in this area in both the British museum and the National Library of Wales in Aberystwyth. Good luck and thanks for the video of useful information.

  • @glenchapman3899
    @glenchapman3899 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this video, I love a good historical mystery!!! And by the way the paintings you used as the background to your presentation were simply gorgeous. I adore a good landscape, and stick some ruins in it - and I am all in lol

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it, and that you liked the paintings too! The Yale Centre for British Art has a bunch of public domain ones of Wales so I thought I'd change the background up rather than just showing a map all the time

  • @simonpentwyn
    @simonpentwyn Жыл бұрын

    Great vid. Me and my family have lived in Dyfed, forever. Congrats on the prononciation, wish the BBC took as much care.

  • @tvela595
    @tvela5958 ай бұрын

    I greatly appreciate your listing of sources in the description!

  • @karililjendal
    @karililjendal Жыл бұрын

    Been watching a lot of your previous videos after finding this one! Welsh history is very interesting and I look forward to learning more from you :)

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you like them!

  • @heathfairbairn2460
    @heathfairbairn2460 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for your great work, I live in pembrokeshire and fascinated by the ancient history of my land, keep up the good work

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you liked it!

  • @irenejohnston6802

    @irenejohnston6802

    Жыл бұрын

    My son lived in Hook on the western Cleddau. Interested to learn that Milford Haven doesnt mean a Mill on a Ford. Is Viking melr sandbank and fjordr inlet. Sandyinlet. Hubba overwintered there with 23 ships in 854. Lent his name to Hubberstone.

  • @heathfairbairn2460

    @heathfairbairn2460

    Жыл бұрын

    @@irenejohnston6802 yes and the vikings stayed longer than that, naming the islands of Skokholm and Skoma and taking all the trees to make more longships from them, my ancestry is viking so maybe some of them stayed

  • @MsLukinhas29
    @MsLukinhas29 Жыл бұрын

    Pretty awesome video! Well summarized and i loved that he quotes and lists his bibliography! Keep going! 👏🏼👏🏼

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @evert3971
    @evert3971 Жыл бұрын

    I just went through a binge watch of your entire channel, definetly my new favorite youtube channel, keep up the great videos!!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much, I really appreciate that and I'm glad you're enjoying my videos

  • @m.w.wollacott8179
    @m.w.wollacott8179 Жыл бұрын

    An interesting mystery. My first thought, after you revealed the name but not the evidence, was that Rheinwg was a different Welsh form of the old kingdom of Rheged. It could have been invaded by Offa, but would not explain anything else. As someone who went to university in Ceredigion this was a fascinating video, thanks for sharing it. I'd never heard of Rheinwg before.

  • @mtth6758
    @mtth6758 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent video 👏🏻 A lot of respect and attention to detail towards Welsh history here. Very interesting topic as well.

  • @mtth6758

    @mtth6758

    Жыл бұрын

    Subscribed, as I’ve only just discovered your channel and I feel a lot of channel’s coverage medieval history glosses over a lot of Welsh and Brythonic history. Looking forward to watching more of these videos!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @nozoto
    @nozoto9 ай бұрын

    Also, one has to keep in mind that Antique kingdoms are not necessarily entities geographically fixed. Sometimes, an exceptional king guides the kingdom towards an era of conquest and sometimes the momentum is so low the ruler must sacrifice lands and shift the center of gravity of the kingdom elsewhere... Preferably on a more defendable location or one making administration simpler and quicker.

  • @BacchusAdoneus
    @BacchusAdoneus Жыл бұрын

    Another great video about something (or even somewhere) that, as a Welshman, I knew nothing about. Diolch yn fawr!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Croeso! I'm glad you enjoyed it

  • @uglymeez236
    @uglymeez236 Жыл бұрын

    Interesting video, my dnd homebrew setting is supposed to be in a faded and forgotten kingdom and I was looking for inspiration just like this! Thank you and I'll check out more

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm glad to have helped, thanks for watching!

  • @RwandaBob
    @RwandaBob Жыл бұрын

    medieval manuscripts are one of my favorite things because they capture the human imagination like nothing else we’re living in an age where information is so easy to find, but back in the middle ages and the dark ages it wasn’t like that. people had to fill in so many gaps of knowledge that so much interesting art and information emerged

  • @lamename2010

    @lamename2010

    Жыл бұрын

    Please don't use the term "dark ages", that is enlightenment era word to try and put those who came before as simpletons and that in this new era of "enlightenment", they have moved past those "simple times". Modern-day historians are constantly lamenting about how pop-culture has embedded this term into the social subconscious, despite it being a falsehood.

  • @alix9751
    @alix9751 Жыл бұрын

    That is a very interesting story and you presented it very well as well. I'm looking forward to what you will do next ^^

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @angusmurray3767
    @angusmurray37675 ай бұрын

    Well explained, with good sound, no ums and ahs and informative. 10/10.

  • @dylanjones7485
    @dylanjones7485 Жыл бұрын

    Being a north Powys guy I am so happy there is Welsh spreading around the world

  • @_Dovar_
    @_Dovar_ Жыл бұрын

    Isn't it interesting, that if I was forced to learn about this in a public school, this would be unbearably boring. On KZread, a short video made by a private scholar, someone who actually cares about subjects he teaches about - the same topic is made fascinating.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much, that's very kind of you and I'm really happy that I made it interesting

  • @MKultraultimate
    @MKultraultimate Жыл бұрын

    your channel is growing a lot, congratulations I've been following since the beginning haha

  • @TY-km8hj
    @TY-km8hj Жыл бұрын

    Never heard about this or even really know much bout Welsh history but this was really interesting. U gained a subscriber, looking forward to more vids

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you! There's more to come

  • @HarpsichordHymnsTimRemington
    @HarpsichordHymnsTimRemington Жыл бұрын

    Fascinating information! Thank you for all the research and interesting presentation.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it!

  • @leadingauctions8440
    @leadingauctions8440 Жыл бұрын

    Now this is a fascinating mystery.

  • @donwayne1357

    @donwayne1357

    Жыл бұрын

    Long live The Bangles.

  • @Ennio444
    @Ennio444 Жыл бұрын

    Fantastic and very satisfying presentation of the documentation. You make historiography thrilling.

  • @Arcenus237J
    @Arcenus237J Жыл бұрын

    Damn this channel seems awesome. The video was informative and well produced about a niche topic explored academically and garnered a wide audience. Congrats!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much!

  • @j-mez6956
    @j-mez6956 Жыл бұрын

    Yet another banger video! Thanks so much

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @Shwabadi
    @Shwabadi Жыл бұрын

    i love the way these videos are structured and how you tell the story

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm really glad!

  • @user-yp6kn2uw4k
    @user-yp6kn2uw4k Жыл бұрын

    Thank you very STRONG for the intriguing presentation, interesting history and inquisitive coverage of the historical curiosity-paradox !!🤩🤩🤩😍🤗

  • @newyorkshireman
    @newyorkshireman Жыл бұрын

    Extremely interesting good sir! Keep up the fantastic work.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @jago5193
    @jago5193 Жыл бұрын

    This was fascinating! Thanks for the video :)

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    You're welcome, thank you for watching!

  • @Nommicus
    @Nommicus Жыл бұрын

    You did have folks living in different places with the same name, in this time Alliance Marriages were common. So you could have a King of a certain name in one place and their 3 Rd son could have the same name.

  • @Ravie3
    @Ravie32 ай бұрын

    Stuff like this makes me really appreciate the work historians do.

  • @michellebell5092
    @michellebell5092 Жыл бұрын

    I find the beauty and fascination with History is that it’s always evolving. It’s not stuck in the past, History is really a present day phenomenon

  • @codywaller2840
    @codywaller2840 Жыл бұрын

    Ahh, an ending any seasoned CK3 player should have seen coming! Great video as always, keep up the great work!

  • @ScrubbaDubDub

    @ScrubbaDubDub

    6 ай бұрын

    Hello fellow CK3 gamer

  • @MrExtraordinaire16
    @MrExtraordinaire16 Жыл бұрын

    This video is entertaining as expected from your channel.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @MrExtraordinaire16

    @MrExtraordinaire16

    Жыл бұрын

    @@CambrianChronicles can't tell a lie when your speaking the truth 😊

  • @ImKentos
    @ImKentos Жыл бұрын

    This is so interesting. Thank you for all the research, presentation and visualisation

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @m.g.3013
    @m.g.3013 Жыл бұрын

    Love this channel! Do Strongbow next 😅

  • @theodorebear6714
    @theodorebear6714 Жыл бұрын

    Very good work. I would ask Welsh people in the area and maybe take a trip to try to confirm landmarks like the roman settlement or something like that.

  • @joshpullman1690
    @joshpullman1690 Жыл бұрын

    Loved the presentation, level attention to detail and the content. Great video 👍

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @rjdcarroll
    @rjdcarroll Жыл бұрын

    Great job! Lovely content mate!

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @awhite2501
    @awhite2501 Жыл бұрын

    You just gave me so many missing peaces to the puzzle 🙏🏾🙏🏾🙏🏾 wow!

  • @resinks2269
    @resinks2269 Жыл бұрын

    Rhein-wg meaning Rheinsland is for me as a german quite funny, since the region of germany Iam living in is called the Rheinland (the area around the river Rhein). Tho it has certainly nothing to do with the Rheinwg from the annales, since I doubt it was called this way in the 8th century, or that any King of Mercia could have had much interest in it.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    That is very interesting, thank you for sharing! Hopefully we don't find evidence that they're connected, otherwise we'll have to re-theorise everything all over again haha

  • @simonpentwyn

    @simonpentwyn

    Жыл бұрын

    Oh and again thanks for the prononciation. I assume you had coaching from a Welsh speaker ?

  • @takdangkasaysayan9098
    @takdangkasaysayan9098 Жыл бұрын

    Well, I do wonder that lost kingdoms are actually very magical

  • @donwayne1357

    @donwayne1357

    Жыл бұрын

    Long live The Bangles.

  • @ebrim5013
    @ebrim5013 Жыл бұрын

    Never heard of this but fascinating video, thank you.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I'm glad you enjoyed it!

  • @BryantR372
    @BryantR372 Жыл бұрын

    This is a very interesting topic and I’m glad that I watched.

  • @wintersking4290
    @wintersking4290 Жыл бұрын

    Is it possible some rulers were kings of Dafyd and Bracheniog, and that Rhainwg was the name for the unified kingdom of those two regions, which was formed sporadically when kings conquered one or the other?

  • @drychaf

    @drychaf

    Жыл бұрын

    Dyfed and Brycheiniog

  • @KevinWarburton-tv2iy

    @KevinWarburton-tv2iy

    Жыл бұрын

    Very likely ...but not necessarily just all about conquest ...but could also be about lineage/inheritance. Sons of the High King could rule over sub-Kingdoms during their father's life/overlordship & seat of the High Kingship would shift depending on where the eldest son had his reign as sub-King with the sub-kingdom becoming the new centre of power.

  • @gangstalker0
    @gangstalker0 Жыл бұрын

    babe wake up… new ancient British lore dropped…

  • @jamth118
    @jamth118 Жыл бұрын

    Great video I’ve subscribed look forward to more of your videos

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much!

  • @Sybil_Detard
    @Sybil_Detard Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the closed captioning.

  • @supercooloz13
    @supercooloz13 Жыл бұрын

    Never knew Shaggy had his own kingdom!

  • @GetRidOfCivilAssetForfeiture

    @GetRidOfCivilAssetForfeiture

    Жыл бұрын

    ZOINKS!!!!!

  • @customfighter8575
    @customfighter8575 Жыл бұрын

    Something about this video is just so eerie

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    I find lost history to be inherently eerie personally, just the concept of something vanishing from everybody's collective memory is so unusual

  • @oj3888
    @oj388825 күн бұрын

    I grew up very close to Ariconium, would love you to do a video on Archenfield/Ergyng.

  • @JozefLucifugeKorzeniowski
    @JozefLucifugeKorzeniowski9 ай бұрын

    the process on display in this video is one of the crucial pillars of building a reasonably accurate history. through painstaking comparisons, morphing, and flexing the terms and names in seemingly disparate accounts. all built on a bedrock of previous knowledge acquired by this means. it's a grand Gordian knot and maybe will sort it out someday.

  • @angelahackman2522
    @angelahackman2522 Жыл бұрын

    Great work, and Wales is very rarely mentioned in historic terms. The Cambrian Chronicle's tell of early Welsh history, sometimes known as Harlean. The actual name Wales apparently means foreigner, or stranger, which is an insult really. Cymru is the true name, with variants it can change, Khumry, Cimmeroi, and Cimmerian, as mentioned in the Odyssey. Scotland has Cumbria, Ireland was known as Hibernia. Yes lot's of Wales has disappeared, and the language is hanging on by a thread. There were 2 King Arthur's (allegedly) One from the 2nd or 3rd century, and the most famous one from the 5th century, but also hidden, like the disappearing lands.

  • @goj-bh1cm
    @goj-bh1cm Жыл бұрын

    Always thought Seisyllwg was North Ystrad Tywi (Llandeilo, Llandovery etc) and Rheinwg was South Ystrad Tywi (Kidwelly, Llanelli etc) Your theories are excellent though in terms of Dyfed and Brycheiniog.

  • @WhoIsCalli
    @WhoIsCalli Жыл бұрын

    Great stuff, thanks for this

  • @NHCVMohammedNawaz
    @NHCVMohammedNawaz Жыл бұрын

    Really well done. Especially the maps

  • @j.murphy4884
    @j.murphy4884 Жыл бұрын

    I think the theory that this is a Lotheringa/Lorraine situation is the best one

  • @oddlyjay
    @oddlyjay Жыл бұрын

    Riein may not be on a map but it will always be in our hearts

  • @34Thel
    @34Thel Жыл бұрын

    My name is Thélio, alternative spelling of Teilio, first time in my whole life that I hear my name spoken by a stranger, and even more strange that I heard it in a random video suggested by the algorithm while I try to sleep at 1am. Very good video tough, I subscribed

  • @goochmcduck4285
    @goochmcduck4285 Жыл бұрын

    Dude! This was so fun . Thanks for the video. You had me at giant Mike’s def subscribing

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @PorkotylerClips
    @PorkotylerClips Жыл бұрын

    My toxic trait is thinking I can find where Rheinwg is 🚩

  • @trulsdirio
    @trulsdirio Жыл бұрын

    I grew up next to the river Rhine (wich is spelled Rhein in German). So this is doubly weird to me lol.

  • @GeraldM_inNC

    @GeraldM_inNC

    Жыл бұрын

    Did you ever see any Rhine-maidens?

  • @promontorium

    @promontorium

    Жыл бұрын

    The Rhine was named by the Celts, and then that name was modified by Roman and German language influences. The Welsh experienced the same, Celtic named modified by Roman then German language influences. So their similarity might in part be because of the linguistic similarity in their history. Or maybe just a coincidence with a sprinkle of linguistic origin similarity.

  • @GeraldM_inNC

    @GeraldM_inNC

    Жыл бұрын

    @@promontorium thanks, I wasn't aware of that.

  • @through-faith-alone

    @through-faith-alone

    8 ай бұрын

    @@promontoriumit's not that deep, alternate spellings of the same thing in multiple languages isn't that deep

  • @ziloj-perezivat
    @ziloj-perezivat Жыл бұрын

    Good edit, narration, script!

  • @grexjr1420
    @grexjr14207 ай бұрын

    What this always reminds me of is how little we truly know about history. How many stories, real or fake, that existed, how many people and how many experiences will forever be shrouded away. We like to think we stand on a nicely laid and strong brick castle of knowledge; but it is shoddy at best, a constantly remade tower of sand. Humbling thought.

  • @peterwindhorst5775
    @peterwindhorst5775 Жыл бұрын

    There is another Rhain in the same area. Unfortunately, he is probably legendary than real. He is proposed as an ancestor of Merlin (yes, that one). Rhain - father of - > Maredydd -father of-> Meruig - father of -> Aldan - mother of -> Merlin (yes, that one). If this Rhain ever existed, he probably was a Déisi (or Irish pirate, using the term loosely) that was exiled from Ireland and set up a sub-kingdom inside Dyfed that was absorbed later.

  • @aurelianxcbd7799
    @aurelianxcbd7799 Жыл бұрын

    My City in North Germany is named Herford and it had many pronunciations like Herifurth in the past and it even lies near the Rhein xD

  • @snappletoothful
    @snappletoothful Жыл бұрын

    Thanks, love these videos.

  • @joeleynon4559
    @joeleynon4559 Жыл бұрын

    This channel is amazing

  • @garyfrancis6193
    @garyfrancis6193 Жыл бұрын

    This is going to keep me awake at night. My ancestors come from there. Am I Rheinuchian? I’m already feeling the prejudice. I demand reparations.

  • @CambrianChronicles

    @CambrianChronicles

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm not sure what the demonym would've been, the Welsh took their names from their kingdoms rather than the other way around, "Rheinwyr" possibly?