The Complete History of the Earth: Archean Eon

0:00 Intro
2:19 Eoarchean Era
4:13 Paleoarchean Era
5:57 Mesoarchean Era
8:02 Neoarchean Era
10:52 Outro
#historyoftheearth #archean #eon #era #lateheavybombardment #PaleoAnalysis
In this video I pick up where I left off last week with the close of the Hadean and the start of the Archean Eon. Moving forward we will see the Earth move closer to the home we know today and eventually become a suitable home for some of the very first living things! And we will also discuss how those early organisms were actually the first to take over the world! There's a lot of ground to cover in this one, byt the time we get to the end we will have traveled half way through the complete history of the Earth!
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/ paleoanalysis
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Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.

Пікірлер: 355

  • @TheAshHeritor
    @TheAshHeritor2 жыл бұрын

    A simpler time... A simpler eon. I miss the good ole days.

  • @ConnanTheCivilized

    @ConnanTheCivilized

    Жыл бұрын

    Glory to the goooo

  • @Nugcon

    @Nugcon

    Жыл бұрын

    Only Archeanials will understand

  • @cooliphoneguy2934
    @cooliphoneguy29342 жыл бұрын

    I just assumed this was a big channel by how well put together this is. I really like it

  • @PaleoAnalysis

    @PaleoAnalysis

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much! Hopefully one day my channel will be big enough for me to go full time! 🙂

  • @jennyanydots2389

    @jennyanydots2389

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@PaleoAnalysis I like your channel, I would sacrifice babies for you. Wanna see my rocket ship? (_)_):::::::::::::D --- -- -

  • @ChristmasLore

    @ChristmasLore

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@PaleoAnalysis , you could do such series, about evolution of the different species? PBS is a hard contender in your given domain, but they're a bit chaotic, and not so chronologically organized. What you did with the different eons/ages etc with really great! Maybe now the same with big "branches" of the species of each of these eras? (I'm a literature nerd, so excuse me if I'm not using the exact vocabulary, but you get the idea, still, maybe?) Good luck with your channel, best regards from Alsace, France 🌿 (We have nice fossils around here, I remember digging for some as a kid with my school) (And we had a wonderful "jungle" way back then, with surviving patches here and there - in some form at least)

  • @bassbustingman

    @bassbustingman

    2 жыл бұрын

    if i were a teacher i would play this for the kids. Very well made educational and entertaining!!!!!!!

  • @jennyanydots2389

    @jennyanydots2389

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@bassbustingman I'm sure you still love playing videotapes for the kids. You probably love to "educate" and "entertain" them in your basement all the time. You need help bro. Serious help.

  • @calexico66
    @calexico662 жыл бұрын

    Given that the moon was way closer, it would be expected that coastal flooding would reach much farther inland. And that higher waves would hit the coast which would spread bacteria and moisture much farther away.

  • @lukestrawwalker

    @lukestrawwalker

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes... tides would have been ENORMOUS because of the close proximity of the Moon, and the fact that at the time Earth's day length was much shorter (starting at about 5-10 hours and lengthening rapidly as the Moon rapidly receded, through the angular momentum exchange of tidal energy, slowing Earth's rotation and raising the Moon's orbit, very quickly at first but gradually slowing over time, so day length would have rapidly decreased at first, then slower and slower day length increases over time... SO there would have been MANY more tides since there's more days with shorter day length... Soon after the Moon's formation, there would have been HUGE walls of water as Earth rotated under the tidal bulge, inundating the land for many miles inland of any early continents and submerging entire islands, then receding ever few hours as the tide ebbed, only to surge in again a few hours later... a ten hour day would see the water surge in and recede every 5 hours or so! Even when day length increased to 16 hours, there would still be very high tides surging inwards and outwards every 4 hours or so... that's a LOT of erosion potential, plus creates a lot of environments for cyanobacteria and other organisms capable of surviving the periods between tidal inundations exposed to the atmosphere and solar radiation... These tides would have been MANY times bigger than even the largest tides on Earth today, and with much greater frequency, so this is an environment that really no longer exists on Earth today. Later! OL J R :)

  • @bigedslobotomy

    @bigedslobotomy

    2 жыл бұрын

    I think these much larger tides (called “tidal bores”) played a significant part in getting minerals from the continents into the ocean where life was forming and evolving. I think the “Cambrian explosion” at least partially arose because a threshold of minerals (especially calcium) was met so that life could begin building shells and exoskeletons.

  • @jordanflores6174

    @jordanflores6174

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@lukestrawwalker i want to pick your brain on your thoughts about the moons in The Elder Scrolls 🤩

  • @lukestrawwalker

    @lukestrawwalker

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@jordanflores6174 I don't know what "The Elder Scrolls" are but if it's a general question about moons/planets/gravitational effects/ tides/ orbital mechanics I can probably answer... OL J R :)

  • @jennyanydots2389

    @jennyanydots2389

    2 жыл бұрын

    Given that the moon was closer the night gRape was probably way more serious back then than it is now. The bee whole's were probably getting wrecked in a more savage and carnal manner back then.

  • @hyphenizm
    @hyphenizm2 жыл бұрын

    If my history classes were this entertaining I would've paid way more attention.

  • @StormiidaeBlogspot
    @StormiidaeBlogspot2 жыл бұрын

    "The Glory of the Goo" I'm hooked.

  • @tomhutchins7495
    @tomhutchins74952 жыл бұрын

    Stromatolites are just the coolest things. We found some once, and I geeked out over them. I'm sure my friends found them as fascinating as I did. Maybe.

  • @robinchesterfield42

    @robinchesterfield42

    7 ай бұрын

    A few months ago I went to the local natural history museum...they have stuff about LITERALLY EVERY PART of Earth there, from the core up to the clouds, including human history and culture stuff along the way...but of course the best part is the ancient life-form fossils. At one point, I was looking at smaller, older fossils, such as imprints of shells and such, and wondering how far back does their collection go? when suddenly I realised the "rock" next to the other stuff, was an actual stromatolite. DUDE WAIT WHAT LIKE I LEARNED ABOUT IN THAT AWESOME DOCUMENTARY WHAT?? I geeked out SO HARD at that. It's billions of years old! BILLIONS! With a b! And there's one right next to me! So cool. :)

  • @Colonelguuber
    @Colonelguuber Жыл бұрын

    Honestly needs to be a pixar movie directed by you about cute little goo cells trying to turn back into a human again. 🙌🏻

  • @Nugcon

    @Nugcon

    Жыл бұрын

    A pixar style animated movie about evolution sounds sick

  • @robinchesterfield42

    @robinchesterfield42

    7 ай бұрын

    I would watch the FRICK out of that. Give it like, kinda the same writing style as Wall-E or something? With cute little slime creatures? Heck yes!

  • @JackieOwl94

    @JackieOwl94

    9 күн бұрын

    Disney would be too scared to anger creationists

  • @MaryAnnNytowl
    @MaryAnnNytowl2 жыл бұрын

    I finally backed up and began watching this playlist, and your Pokémon evolution sound perked up my 38 year old (disabled) son's ears, LOL! He came down the hallway and poked his head into my room, asking "are you playing Pokémon with the sound up? I heard you evolve something." 😄😄😄 I then had to explain that no, it wasn't me, and how it tied in to your videos, all the while laughing hard enough it was hard to explain it! 😂😂 It was cute knowing that the Pokémon games are still alive and well in him, even though he has trouble with memory in other ways. 😁

  • @harrietharlow9929

    @harrietharlow9929

    2 жыл бұрын

    😅😅😅😅

  • @coltoncarey7042

    @coltoncarey7042

    2 жыл бұрын

    This made me smile ear to ear

  • @harrietharlow9929

    @harrietharlow9929

    2 жыл бұрын

    I love how he's been evolving from an ethidium bromide molecule and on up the ladder. His experiences with the cyano bacteria and "the glory of the goo" are hilarious.

  • @harrietharlow9929
    @harrietharlow99292 жыл бұрын

    I love this. You've produced a fun, engaging history of our planet (this is my first rewatch of the series). Really enjoying this.

  • @nhabib114
    @nhabib1142 жыл бұрын

    There is humor and knowledge here, not overly scientific. I have just watched your previous one, on the Hadean. Liking it.

  • @the_gaming_hyena
    @the_gaming_hyena2 жыл бұрын

    Excited for an episode on the Carboniferous! Great job!

  • @PaleoAnalysis

    @PaleoAnalysis

    2 жыл бұрын

    We will get there... Someday... I hope. 👀

  • @PaleoAnalysis

    @PaleoAnalysis

    2 жыл бұрын

    I've thought about it but I figured I'd need to be a little larger before I could make it worth it to Patrons.

  • @Therealburntmilk

    @Therealburntmilk

    Жыл бұрын

    I am from the future, it is already out

  • @myblacklab7

    @myblacklab7

    Жыл бұрын

    @@PaleoAnalysis You did it! I love this particular series the most. The others are very good as well, but this series has me hooked. I hope we'll get past "The Great Dying" soon. Keep on keepin' on.

  • @shsb2355
    @shsb23552 жыл бұрын

    Just found this channel! I love how you make it like a story with character.

  • @TenaciousJ2323
    @TenaciousJ2323 Жыл бұрын

    Are you a teacher? You're great at presenting this information. I would have loved to see videos like these when I was in science classes as a kid.

  • @DarkNinjaShark
    @DarkNinjaShark2 жыл бұрын

    Love the Pokémon evolution :)

  • @PaleoAnalysis

    @PaleoAnalysis

    2 жыл бұрын

    Good! Share my stuff so I can do it again! 😅

  • @Lilly_Day-O
    @Lilly_Day-O2 жыл бұрын

    "I love you the way you are. Please don't ever change."

  • @AlexVanEks
    @AlexVanEks Жыл бұрын

    I love the silly comedic narrator and how there's Timtim and the pokemon evolution screen. These are so super informative too, and explain this potentially boring topic in a fun and easy to understand way 👍🏻

  • @foff3804
    @foff38042 жыл бұрын

    "A moldy jelly." Brother bring me the flamer. The HEAVY FLAMER.

  • @meaningoftheunicorn
    @meaningoftheunicorn Жыл бұрын

    Educational but endearingly lofi vibe, unlike some of the big flashy channels. Refreshing

  • @timstadlmueller58
    @timstadlmueller582 жыл бұрын

    This is fantastic, thank you so much for going through the trouble.

  • @stevenborgogna
    @stevenborgogna Жыл бұрын

    Word around the campfire is that the isotope distribution of comet ice does not match Earth's water, meaning the origin the majority of Earth's water is still a mystery.

  • @hsdinoman2267
    @hsdinoman22672 жыл бұрын

    really looking forward to see where this goes, wonder whats gonna happen when you reach the mesozoic era

  • @martinleipzig890
    @martinleipzig8902 жыл бұрын

    Perhaps you could do a show on the Shunga Event in Fennoscandia at 2 GA? Basically, did a Precambrian mass extinction give rise to an ancient supergiant oil field? I'm a petroleum geologist who works the Meso- and Neoproterozoic for oil, gas and helium and have spent years on this site. It's not well known, even within the Oil Patch, yet it's something most fascinating and unique.

  • @HereComeTheTrainComingBlues

    @HereComeTheTrainComingBlues

    2 жыл бұрын

    That's actually really interesting. I'd like to see that video.

  • @GushOnline
    @GushOnline2 жыл бұрын

    I am thoroughly impressed with your videos. Great job!

  • @kyleinnes4963
    @kyleinnes49632 жыл бұрын

    Personifying the goo really helps conjure the image of what life was

  • @andersdroid
    @andersdroid9 ай бұрын

    You’re hilarious. I love your googley eyed characters. The little Cyanobacteria(you) at the end waiting tp evolve, was great. I also love the lack of pseudoscience. Spot on productions. You’ve won me over …“subscribed”. Funny, entertaining and accurate.

  • @chivonfortney1656
    @chivonfortney1656 Жыл бұрын

    I'm enjoying and learning. Great job!! 😍

  • @FritoBanditoify
    @FritoBanditoify2 жыл бұрын

    I’m loving your little avatar’s evolutions in this series 😂

  • @realityhelix564
    @realityhelix564 Жыл бұрын

    That's a really cute way to drive audience engagement. Very creative.

  • @Scott-wf9kp
    @Scott-wf9kp2 жыл бұрын

    Another great episode! Thanks again for your hard work. I can't wait to see the rest of the series!

  • @suchendelokidottir5673
    @suchendelokidottir5673 Жыл бұрын

    This is my second playthrough of the entire series so far. Thanks for the neurotransmitters 😆

  • @jacobkrueger1022
    @jacobkrueger10222 жыл бұрын

    The evolution sequence really sparked some intense nostalgia. Might have to download an emulator later and play some ruby red or emerald

  • @angelmehandzhiyski1050
    @angelmehandzhiyski1050 Жыл бұрын

    Fascinating work. You, sir, have created a masterpiece. Great channel.

  • @skitsfossil16
    @skitsfossil162 жыл бұрын

    Great video! I do hope you complete this series.

  • @PaleoAnalysis

    @PaleoAnalysis

    2 жыл бұрын

    Me too! Especially because I would love to become human again!

  • @jacquespoulemer3577

    @jacquespoulemer3577

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@PaleoAnalysis or at least a fishy. 🐟 Love the channel. JIM Oaxaca

  • @idristhomas2193
    @idristhomas21932 жыл бұрын

    I can’t wait to watch this entire playlist. LOVE your videos

  • @peacepeople9895
    @peacepeople98952 жыл бұрын

    Awesome series...thank you...

  • @TarasMazepa
    @TarasMazepa2 жыл бұрын

    Wow, haven't noticed you only have 1K subscribers. Good luck to you! Nice video.

  • @meg2831
    @meg28312 жыл бұрын

    Like Moldy jelly slerking across the ground. lol so wonderfully descriptive

  • @jennyanydots2389

    @jennyanydots2389

    2 жыл бұрын

    That's how I've been describing my hot sea men's dripping down the wall after a healthy session for years time now.

  • @karenstrange9021
    @karenstrange9021 Жыл бұрын

    I spent ages looking for a video. This one was perfect, you explained so i understood (im a beginer learning this). You gave the dates, you showed the time line perfectly. You made it engaging without making it childish. it was overall fun, easy to understand, just the perfect amount of info and i am grateful. I have subsribed. thank you

  • @josefgordon7712
    @josefgordon7712 Жыл бұрын

    Learning more from YT than all my years in school

  • @magicbuns4868
    @magicbuns4868 Жыл бұрын

    I wished I subscribed on this video and not the last,because that's the most creative subscription plea I've had to date xD Good videos man!

  • @wanderingspacecritic
    @wanderingspacecritic2 жыл бұрын

    Dude, you’re awesome, thank you.

  • @ashypooh02
    @ashypooh022 жыл бұрын

    I randomly found your channel through a crocodile video and decided to check it out. I am glad I did. You remind me of so many of my friends. I like the information you present, but the fact that you are such a nerd is amazing and cracks me up. I look forward to future content.

  • @legoboy468
    @legoboy4682 жыл бұрын

    This series is really great, you’ve earned a sub!

  • @seditt5146
    @seditt51462 жыл бұрын

    Ya got me, the Hook worked, I subscribed :D GL with YT thing my man, you keep it interesting, I like it.

  • @jayaman9142
    @jayaman91422 жыл бұрын

    masterpiece

  • @brittonkennedy7070
    @brittonkennedy70702 жыл бұрын

    Instantly subbed to you. Great quality content!

  • @SimonD992
    @SimonD9922 жыл бұрын

    These videos are awesome please keep doing them!!

  • @LORENSSIOK
    @LORENSSIOK2 жыл бұрын

    One of the most original and entertaining ways to ask for subscribers. You sir have convince me to subscribe 😁

  • @serennosquadcast8297
    @serennosquadcast82972 жыл бұрын

    love your intros! love this series!

  • @gnomepiss8406
    @gnomepiss8406 Жыл бұрын

    this series is awesome . thank you :DDDD

  • @alexevans7916
    @alexevans79162 жыл бұрын

    I really enjoy your videos and I hope many people watch and learn.

  • @brainworm205
    @brainworm205 Жыл бұрын

    I never thought I would get that interested in the history of our planet. What a great series, man, keep it up

  • @Ceretrea
    @Ceretrea2 жыл бұрын

    This is amazing, keep it going!

  • @Renpet516
    @Renpet516 Жыл бұрын

    I can’t stop watching these videos… I’m obsessed

  • @jimwu4579
    @jimwu45792 жыл бұрын

    I really enjoyed that intro!

  • @maf7742
    @maf77422 жыл бұрын

    just to say I'm here before the channel explodes in size :D you deserve it

  • @Walus-ri5nl
    @Walus-ri5nlАй бұрын

    i love this lil story, narrative for the win 🎉

  • @l.mcmanus3983
    @l.mcmanus39832 жыл бұрын

    Wow, ethidium bromide sure brings back some memories. I used to add it to gels to visualize DNA, usually from some PCR reaction I had run. I hear there are safer options nowadays that are less like to intercalate with your own cellular DNA. But hey, at least I am not old enough to have played with liquid mercury…

  • @MaryAnnNytowl

    @MaryAnnNytowl

    2 жыл бұрын

    LOL, I played with it! Didn't eat it or anything, and didn't do it very often, but still, it hasn't been that long ago since mercury was in thermometers. 😉

  • @Jesse_Dawg
    @Jesse_Dawg2 жыл бұрын

    I love your videos. You're really smart and I like your presentation. Please make a full series of time on Earth

  • @ericbeall7675
    @ericbeall76752 жыл бұрын

    I’m so glad KZread recommended me your channel

  • @nicolasannawn5715
    @nicolasannawn57152 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video. Really well made. Cheers from France

  • @jacobkrueger1022
    @jacobkrueger10222 жыл бұрын

    Another wave of nostalgia with the spote reference. Naming the greats today lol

  • @lukashanewinkel3664
    @lukashanewinkel3664 Жыл бұрын

    love the content! please keep posting :D

  • @orangesnowflake3769
    @orangesnowflake3769 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this video !

  • @sauraplay2095
    @sauraplay2095 Жыл бұрын

    Loving this series!👍

  • @kingkermit0118
    @kingkermit01182 жыл бұрын

    Papa Paleo thank you for this knowledge

  • @stiofanofirghil1916
    @stiofanofirghil19162 жыл бұрын

    Subbed.. These videos are brilliant..

  • @jesseg8172
    @jesseg81722 жыл бұрын

    Great video 😊

  • @viveka2994
    @viveka29942 жыл бұрын

    Amazing video !

  • @imopman
    @imopman9 ай бұрын

    This is one of the best series I have ever seen suited for kids to learn about earth's history.

  • @amberm2777
    @amberm2777 Жыл бұрын

    Haha you did such an amazing job with this.. you got my sub, little buddy

  • @ConnanTheCivilized
    @ConnanTheCivilized Жыл бұрын

    You could say we’re all gooooo’d to our screens. This is such a goooood series. Glory to the cyanobacteria!

  • @davidbryden7904
    @davidbryden79042 жыл бұрын

    I've never been so motivated to sub, but I already have! Ah, a loophole! I can 👍again !

  • @phdtobe
    @phdtobe Жыл бұрын

    Young Earth creationists need to watch this video series to learn how our ancestors actually evolved over time. I mean, that music that plays during the footage of the evolution events was really important to facilitate the process, amirite?!😛

  • @johnmalone5693
    @johnmalone56932 жыл бұрын

    Excellent

  • @Mcgif21
    @Mcgif21 Жыл бұрын

    One of the most convincing subscription pitches I’ve seen in a video

  • @Gardow
    @Gardow2 жыл бұрын

    Surprised there wasn't a shout-out to the purple earth hypothesis. Still great to have these videos!

  • @KateeAngel

    @KateeAngel

    2 жыл бұрын

    There was no reason for Earth to be purple. Among anoxygenic photosynthetics there are as many green bacteria and purple ones. It all depends on proportion of different pigments. And green bacteria are as ancient

  • @duhduhvesta
    @duhduhvesta2 жыл бұрын

    please make a video on the cratons & their names. It really hard to understand stuff without a breakout of the pieces.

  • @kuitaranheatmorus9932
    @kuitaranheatmorus99322 жыл бұрын

    Epic video

  • @daniellabonte474
    @daniellabonte4742 жыл бұрын

    this is awesome

  • @conanthelibrarian5139
    @conanthelibrarian5139 Жыл бұрын

    Keep evolving brother ❤😊

  • @SeantheScrub
    @SeantheScrub Жыл бұрын

    I thought that there was a less sucessful type of photosynthesis that used a different gas that had the first mass extinction known when photosynthesis started taking over

  • @nbahn
    @nbahn2 жыл бұрын

    "Pray for me." Ha! The animation is quite impressive.

  • @mccorrect3470
    @mccorrect34705 ай бұрын

    The avatar evolving is a nice touch

  • @OFP_TODAY
    @OFP_TODAY2 жыл бұрын

    The beginning was great😂😂

  • @charleng6988
    @charleng69882 жыл бұрын

    Your a legend for that intro lmao

  • @jeshika22
    @jeshika229 ай бұрын

    Love this channel, the animations are a funny touch and your narrations are interesting. I just wanted to comment on the green goo slime part though, in the Archean era there was no ozone yet so solar radiation would’ve been deadly to cells, so at this point there would not have been any life on land whatsoever. Any “algae” (Cyanobacteria, stromatolites) would’ve been strictly marine, and probably shallow marine or coastal (shallow benthic), protected from radiation by the water but still close enough to the surface for photosynthesis, and close enough to a coastline to benefit from minerals draining into the ocean via streams and tides.

  • @jadenmcdaniel3908

    @jadenmcdaniel3908

    5 ай бұрын

    🎶The suns a deadly Lazer🎶

  • @jacobvriesema6633
    @jacobvriesema66332 жыл бұрын

    Haha, I love the Spore reference @5:20

  • @_TheCollective
    @_TheCollective Жыл бұрын

    cant wait till the end of this series and you've somehow managed to make a compelling plot out of this story and somehow make tim tims death depressing

  • @csuree87
    @csuree872 жыл бұрын

    you forgot to say that cyanobacteria almost killed themselves with the oxygen they produced

  • @jennyanydots2389

    @jennyanydots2389

    2 жыл бұрын

    That's what my mom said would happen to me if I ate my own sea men. She told me that I could pound off all I wanted but that I couldn't eat any of the sea men's or I would die.

  • @Jackal_Neck

    @Jackal_Neck

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@jennyanydots2389 what?

  • @aalmeidaj
    @aalmeidajАй бұрын

    Very nice

  • @patches3432
    @patches34322 жыл бұрын

    I love the random noises the little bacteria are making lol 😂

  • @luappaul21
    @luappaul212 жыл бұрын

    best subscribe plug ever

  • @xe4330
    @xe43302 жыл бұрын

    Sick channel 🔥🦠🔥

  • @MostlyPennyCat
    @MostlyPennyCat2 жыл бұрын

    Did abiogenesis occur in the Hadean video or this, Archean video or neither? Abiogenesis, the details and theories and evidence, is my favourite topic. A detailed video on that would be brilliant

  • @whiteknightcat

    @whiteknightcat

    2 жыл бұрын

    The Hadean, with the development of organic molecules.

  • @MybeautifulandamazingPrincess

    @MybeautifulandamazingPrincess

    11 ай бұрын

    There's no real proof of abiogenesis. All of the supposed evidence is extremely speculative with no hard proof Panspermia is far more likely to have been imo. Specially with the water coming to Earth in comets, and the constant asteroids colliding

  • @markfisher5119
    @markfisher51192 жыл бұрын

    The hypothesis is that Thea struck a GLANCING blow and then disintegrated. The theoretical kinetics of this sort of impact best account for the current situation.

  • @kirithai123
    @kirithai123 Жыл бұрын

    i enjoy this sseries

  • @wendydelisse9778
    @wendydelisse9778 Жыл бұрын

    In the Archean Eon, the various planets and moons were for the most part close to their modern masses and orbits. Meteorites could either add to or take away from the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere of a planet or moon. Faster meteorites could blast away more nitrogen than they delivered. Larger moons and planets with a higher escape velocity were better at holding on to their nitrogen than smaller planets and moons. A crude estimate of the striking speed of a meteorite when ignoring the speed added by a planet's or moon's gravity is the speed at which a planet and its moons travel around the sun. Titan with its planet Saturn travels around the Sun at 9.68 kilometers per second. The escape velocity from Titan is 2.641 kilometers per second. The ratio of orbital velocity about the Sun to escape velocity is 3.66 to 1 for Titan. That ratio is less than a 4 to 1 ratio, fitting a pattern in which objects similar to rocky planets have held on to a considerable amount of atmospheric nitrogen. Titan and Earth and Venus all have partial surface pressures of nitrogen of more than 10,000 pascals, while Ganymede and Mars and the Moon have partial surface pressure of nitrogen of less than 10,000 pascals. All amino acids contain the chemical element nitrogen, so nitrogen availability is important to any life form based on DNA or RNA. For a planet with a high enough solar constant, water retention is important too. Steam from a meteorite strike can escape a planet that has too weak gravity, meaning that a meteorite can drive away more water from a planet than it delivers. Venus, with a ratio of planetery velocity about the Sun to escape velocity from the planetary surface of 3.38 to 1 seems to have gradually suffered a close to thorough version that fate, while Earth with a lower velocity ratio of 2.66 to 1 and with a lower solar constant has escaped that fate and retains about 70% ocean coverage. The stage was thus set that Earth would on a multi-billion year time frame have sufficient nitrogen availability for life and sufficient water availability for life. Meteorite strikes of course would turn some of the water into hydrogen and oxygen, and some of that hydrogen, failing to combine with nitrogen or with the resulting temporarily boosted oxygen in the atmosphere, floated out into space, leaving behind some of that extra oxygen. In the Archean Era though, there were plenty of dissolved iron ions in Earth's ocean to combine with that oxygen to form iron ores.

  • @MorbinNecrim86
    @MorbinNecrim86 Жыл бұрын

    This is a brilliant series. (From the future)

  • @rjreeves7418
    @rjreeves7418 Жыл бұрын

    my text tone is the pkmn lvl up tone and the intro freaked me out for a second.