Should You Get a Full Body Scan?

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Kim Kardashian is the latest celeb to promote private full body MRI screening scans. She and the company claim they are life-saving. The scans themselves involve no radiation and you can learn information about your body. Surely that can't be bad, can it?
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References
Incidentalomas and general reading:
Incidental Findings and Low-Value Care | AJR www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10...
The Economic Burden of Incidentally Detected Findings - PMC www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
The Economic Burden of Incidentally Detected Findings - PMC www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Cascades of care:
The Important but Rarely Studied Cascade of Care | Health Policy | JAMA Network Open jamanetwork.com/journals/jama...
Curbing Cascades of Care: What They Are and How to Stop Them | AAFP www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/...
Why Do Physicians Pursue Cascades of Care After Incidental Findings? A National Survey - PMC www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
When routine medical tests trigger a cascade of unnecessary care : Shots - Health News : NPR www.npr.org/sections/health-s...
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Пікірлер: 1 400

  • @MedlifeCrisis
    @MedlifeCrisis8 ай бұрын

    Get the best deal in streaming ($30 for a year of Nebula) here: go.nebula.tv/medlifecrisis (the lifetime membership is no longer available) Lifetime memberships are cool, because if you scan your body three times a day, cleanse your colon, hire an in-house chiropractor, consume 111 supplements every morning, bathe in essential oils, align your chakras, and sleep in a hyperbaric hypothermic hypoxic hypochondriac chamber, you might live forever. And then you'll have the last laugh! As you become the sole surviving human on Earth, forced to watch re-runs of Nebula shows from long dead creators, crippled by an addiction to MRIs and #sliving, but comfortable in the knowledge you got more than anyone else for your 300 bucks!

  • @pezvonpez

    @pezvonpez

    8 ай бұрын

    thank you for the nebule

  • @fredashay

    @fredashay

    8 ай бұрын

    You're a Libertarian, Doctor! Cool! :-)

  • @KerryHallPhD

    @KerryHallPhD

    8 ай бұрын

    Nebula for life!!1!

  • @Competitive_Antagonist

    @Competitive_Antagonist

    8 ай бұрын

    But we can't afford these life-saving scams!

  • @baumkuchen6543

    @baumkuchen6543

    8 ай бұрын

    Since, you used references from Scrubs, you deserve my internet points Sir!

  • @MoltenMouseMetal
    @MoltenMouseMetal8 ай бұрын

    As a welder, I'd be worried to get any kind of magnetic imaging done. The last thing I need is a chip of steel migrating through my eyeball.

  • @BongShlong

    @BongShlong

    8 ай бұрын

    Thank you for the new deep fear. I was getting too comfortable anyways

  • @Badger3

    @Badger3

    8 ай бұрын

    That’s a really interesting point! Has that ever happened before?

  • @carpevinum8645

    @carpevinum8645

    8 ай бұрын

    ​@Badger3 prior to mri's they ask about things like that

  • @MedlifeCrisis

    @MedlifeCrisis

    8 ай бұрын

    Please wear a visor at work! But yes, I’ve fished quite a few bits of metal out of metalworkers’ eyes when I did emergency medicine 😬 (actually a very satisfying procedure!) Most metal in the body is safe in an MRI but in the eyeball is a big no no.

  • @phitsf5475

    @phitsf5475

    8 ай бұрын

    Any metal in your eyes big enough to be affected by an MRI, you wouldn't live with it comfortably without noticing. For 6 months I did have a steel splinter under my skin in a finger, side of middle finger. It was 10mm long with a 0.6mm diameter, I was very impressed when i finally removed it. It presented as a painless light coloured bump, slowly growing in size over the months. Eventually a black spot became visible on the bump. I took a sharp blade to start poking at it, i felt a metal scrape and knew exactly what it was.

  • @TheLilalaunebar
    @TheLilalaunebar8 ай бұрын

    I'm a doctor from Germany. I once had a morbidity conference about a patient who had a private insurance in Germany (which means that doctors get paid better when they are making test and invasive or none invasive diagnostics). So her cardiologist made a angiography of her coronary arteries without her having any symptoms of heart disease. Some weeks later she got an ischemia of her lower intestines and had an emergency operation. Shortly after that she went into kidney failure. After extensive diagnostics it was found that she had multiple cholesterol Cristal embolies due to a ruptured arterial plaque by the catheter from the angiography. Rohin is 100% correct, don't do tests or diagnostics that are not indicated!

  • @DevinBaillie

    @DevinBaillie

    8 ай бұрын

    Yes, this is another important factor that isn't covered enough. NO medical tests are risk free. Even MRI, despite not using ionizing radiation, carries risk. There's a chance you have some metal in you that you're not aware of, the chance that someone brings something into the room that they shouldn't, equipment malfunction or operator error that results in injury or death.

  • @araylaurence6220

    @araylaurence6220

    8 ай бұрын

    this is a rare case scenerio but a good one to follow, a practical main take away is private industry motives in the medical field and what you should look out for

  • @JamesJansson

    @JamesJansson

    8 ай бұрын

    I recently had a CT angiogram with what I believe is a newer (but not super new) machine that is more sensitive. It doesn't require catheterisation, just a cannula. If they had even more expensive healthcare, this wouldn't have happened.

  • @TheLilalaunebar

    @TheLilalaunebar

    8 ай бұрын

    @@JamesJansson it depends on the part of your body and type of arteries you want to look at. The example I talked about was about 10 years ago. In this time a CT angiography of the heart wasn't precise enough. The other difference is that you get a live image of your blood flow with an angiography which can be especially important for certain questions or if you plan to do an intervention. The point was that in her case no diagnostic was necessary at all. I hope that the CT in your case had an indication. Ionising radiation, especially in young patients, is nothing you want to be exposed to unnecessarily.

  • @JamesJansson

    @JamesJansson

    8 ай бұрын

    @@TheLilalaunebar I was only there because my cardiologist thought it was a good idea, given family history and highish heart rate. I have 50% stenosis in the D1 of the LAD. At 38. So it kinda was worth it to know that I should get that checked again.

  • @georgehornsby2075
    @georgehornsby20758 ай бұрын

    Based on Rohin's rate of beard growth about 12-18 hours have passed. Hard working guy to get straight off the plane and immediately start recording a video!

  • @paulhaynes8045

    @paulhaynes8045

    8 ай бұрын

    He actually got home weeks ago, he just forgot to shave yesterday...

  • @Damin-Danger-Ledford

    @Damin-Danger-Ledford

    8 ай бұрын

    😂

  • @kitefan1

    @kitefan1

    8 ай бұрын

    Must be one of those annoying people who can actually sleep on planes.

  • @imightbebiased9311

    @imightbebiased9311

    8 ай бұрын

    You got faved, which means it must be correct!

  • @vigilantcosmicpenguin8721

    @vigilantcosmicpenguin8721

    8 ай бұрын

    But, in his video on the placebo effect, he demonstrated his ability to grow a full beard in just an hour. So he must have shaved before recording that part of the video.

  • @sisterthesister4870
    @sisterthesister48708 ай бұрын

    What's frustrating is that there actually IS something these scanning companies could be immensely helpful for: decreasing waiting lists for people for whom it's actually indicated to get a certain scan.

  • @tinakerr8163

    @tinakerr8163

    8 ай бұрын

    Worse still where do the staff who perform these scans come from, it is not like these money making companies provide full medical training, yes they are enticing staff from the NHS making the doctor and nurse shortage worse.

  • @garak55

    @garak55

    8 ай бұрын

    Agree in theory but you might run into the problem of induced demand where more people are directed towards medical imaging as it gets more available.

  • @LiveFreeOrDieDH

    @LiveFreeOrDieDH

    8 ай бұрын

    But then these clinics would need to deal with insurance beurocracy. And it would cut into their *real* business, which is early diagnosis of things which maybe, someday, could possibly become dangerous.

  • @jljljl1820

    @jljljl1820

    8 ай бұрын

    but wheres the money in that

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    @@garak55 Induced demand is only a thing in cases where the demand is directly affected by the cost (time, money or other) of the thing. In the case of medical scans that is not the case because doctors order scans based on risk assessments not how cheap it is to do a scan. Also the cost of greatest concern when it comes to medical tests is not really the monetary cost but the potential risks for the patient as outlined in this video and those don't decrease with availability of scans. Like induced demand is a thing for energy or transport, but it isn't a thing for say houses or electric kettles because you only ever need one of those. No one sees how cheap an electric kettle is at the store and goes "oh well why not" in the same way that you will use more electricity if electricity prices are low or you will use a form of transport more if it is faster.

  • @DanielBrotherston
    @DanielBrotherston8 ай бұрын

    Mark Cuban's follow up question about why radiologists oppose such scans when they're lucrative for the radiologists is revealing in another way...a certain group of people cannot comprehend any motives beyond greed. They cannot conceive of a person being motivated by interest, altruism, anything else. There's a few labels which probably apply to this group of people, but I'll leave those as an exercise for the reader.

  • @franki1990

    @franki1990

    8 ай бұрын

    Greedy just sounds bland. I tend to call them straight psychopaths

  • @nydydn

    @nydydn

    8 ай бұрын

    The way I call them is shortsighted. I am greedy as fuck and everyone should be, but most of not everyone should understand that more collaboration means better outcomes for everybody. So yeah, I absolutely want to double my quality of life as soon as possible, but the scientifically proven fastest way to get there is if we all work together so that we all double our quality of life. I'm not a radiologist, but if I'd be one, I wouldn't want people to waste their money on pointless scans that are also risking their health because even if I get that money, that's still wasted money and wasted life that could have and most likely would have instead be used on something that I could have benefitted from. What good is more money to me, if everyone gives it to me instead of them making stuff I'd actually want to buy? If the world would be a zero sum game, the way shortsighted people like Cuban think it is, then we'd still kill each other for the best fruits of a tree. Instead, we built stuff that flies us anywhere in the ducking world in a matter of hours. Such shortsighted people are quite literally just slowing down the progress of human kind. No offense to actually medically shortsighted people.

  • @me-myself-i787

    @me-myself-i787

    8 ай бұрын

    ​@@nydydnOn the other hand, whilst not selling pointless stuff will increase the total output of the population, it will also mean you personally will get a much lower share of the output. So you personally will probably benefit from selling pointless stuff.

  • @tomfeng5645

    @tomfeng5645

    8 ай бұрын

    @@me-myself-i787 Well, the most personal benefit for a psychopath would be to be hypocritical and riff on everyone selling pointless stuff while also selling pointless stuff If one then has enough clout on riffing on others, then potentially the risk of selling overtly pointless stuff outweighs the benefit So even then, the societal attitude you would want means going all-in on grifting is short-sighted.

  • @orchdork775

    @orchdork775

    8 ай бұрын

    ​@@nydydn Yea, while I'm not sure I would agree that everyone should be selfish, I would agree that everyone should be self centered when they need to be. I think it's important that people make sure their own needs are met before putting energy and resources into helping others. And by needs, I mean the things necessary for you to meet a baseline level of well being and mental health. It's not this all or nothing thing where you have to be living your perfect life before you think of others, it's just that you make sure that you are mentally and physically okay before focusing effort and energy on others. If you are not mentally healthy and are struggling, then it's important to take a break from thinking of other people's needs and focus just on meeting your own (in whatever way is possible). It's just about figuring out how much you can afford to focus on others before you no longer have enough energy or resources left to take care of yourself. It's like if you are running low on gas and you see someone stranded on the side of the road, you wouldn't drive across town to get them home, because then you will either run out of gas on the way to their house, getting you both stranded, or run our on the way to your house, getting you stranded. Then, if someone else who was low on gas tried to give you and the other person a ride home, all 3 of you could end up getting stranded. Anyways, I definitely agree with you on people like Mark Cuban being short sighted for prioritizing immediate monetary profit over long term increased quality of life. It's like these people will lower the quality of life in the U.S., contribute significantly to the climate crisis, destroy the economy, and so much more in order to make more money. I guess when you are that rich none of those things matter, because you won't be personally affected by them, or at least not for a long time. I don't think they even care about their happiness or wellbeing. I think they are just addicted to gaining and hoarding wealth. This is an issue with the U.S. in general, though. Time and time again a large portion of the population rejects any projects that would improve the economy, our infrastructure, education, jobs, culture, science and/or anything that adds value to our country long term, because it would cost money at the beginning. Even when it is practically a guarantee that in 20-30 years we would all benefit, people still reject it. You would think this country has never heard the word "investment" before. Apparently things are too bad right now to afford to spend money to address the issues that are making things bad in the first place. Anyways, if you actually read all this, then thanks! I ended up on a bit of a rant there at the end haha.

  • @sopyleecrypt6899
    @sopyleecrypt68998 ай бұрын

    The diagnosis of my son’s six-centimetre neuroma via an MRI scan was fairly clear-cut. The thing was massive. Even a layperson could see something present on the images that very much should not be there. Since the removal of the neuroma, my son has had a monitoring scan every 12 months. Each of these (four so far) has been very slightly different to the one before, requiring several specialists to analyse in detail. Every scan is hugely anxiety-inducing. They are necessary, in my son’s case, but if he didn’t really need it, I absolutely wouldn’t put him through it.

  • @recycleonwednesdays

    @recycleonwednesdays

    8 ай бұрын

    Wishing your son the best possible outcomes.

  • @c.augustin

    @c.augustin

    8 ай бұрын

    I guess there were health issues prior to the MRI scan?

  • @aluminiumknight4038

    @aluminiumknight4038

    8 ай бұрын

    Was it an acoustic neuroma?

  • @sporkbot

    @sporkbot

    8 ай бұрын

    I hope your son has as complete a recovery as possible.

  • @sopyleecrypt6899

    @sopyleecrypt6899

    8 ай бұрын

    @@c.augustin not really until a few weeks before diagnosis. He’d probably had it all his life. It was slow-growing, and benign, so his brain was able to compensate for a long time.

  • @leshommesdupilly
    @leshommesdupilly8 ай бұрын

    As a med student, I would love to order a whole body scan with "fever" or "abdominal pain" as comment without getting yelled at by the radiologist lmao

  • @MedlifeCrisis

    @MedlifeCrisis

    8 ай бұрын

    Abdominal pain? Woah steady on there Shakespeare. “Pain?” is more than enough for those darkness dwelling trolls

  • @IkaikaArnado

    @IkaikaArnado

    8 ай бұрын

    Haha, my thought was just to go to ER and say you stubbed your toe, and the ER doc will probably order full body scans with contrast anyway.

  • @phillipsperling3037

    @phillipsperling3037

    8 ай бұрын

    Life hack: just tell the to come see the patient if they are so sure they need "clinical assessments" or "have you even seen the patient yourself" or what not. A little threat of sunlight clearly help

  • @mar4707

    @mar4707

    4 ай бұрын

    As someone who receives these testing requests I hope you know you would be added to the memorable pile... And then chased down because others have done it before and were serious

  • @Fluff-gl6yr
    @Fluff-gl6yr8 ай бұрын

    As someone with pretty crippling health anxiety, it’s honestly very reassuring to hear a doctor talk quite candidly about the limitations of even the best medical care. A big part of my anxiety often revolves around thinking that there’s some test out there that I should be undergoing that could save my life, but knowing that this is generally not the case seems to humanise medicine in my eyes in some way. At the end of the day we’re all just ambling about trying to come to terms with our own mortality.

  • @SophyCampbell

    @SophyCampbell

    8 ай бұрын

    one million percent agree

  • @baddie1shoe

    @baddie1shoe

    8 ай бұрын

    It saddens me to see these influencers schilling their predatory products to those who are most vulnerable to buying into it.

  • @motionlessbacon5989

    @motionlessbacon5989

    8 ай бұрын

    Underrated comment. 100%

  • @aliabdaal
    @aliabdaal8 ай бұрын

    Mate this is a banger video. I was legit thinking of getting an MRI scan but this has totally put me off it 😂

  • @MedlifeCrisis

    @MedlifeCrisis

    8 ай бұрын

    Ha! Happy to save you some money. Go spend it on something more fun!

  • @Malkovith2

    @Malkovith2

    8 ай бұрын

    imagine how much fast food you can buy for this money

  • @rohitsen2046

    @rohitsen2046

    8 ай бұрын

    Bit out of context but help to resist my curiosity,😅 Did you record this video in Kolkata or Bangalore???😅, Dada tumi sottie khub osadharon video banao👌🏻

  • @harveersingh9970

    @harveersingh9970

    8 ай бұрын

    Bro you're a doctor as well - how do you not know better?

  • @Laura-mu9ky

    @Laura-mu9ky

    8 ай бұрын

    @aliabdaal you say that but in a recent video you published you were hyping up DEXA scans? How is it different? kzread.info/dash/bejne/mnZ5ral7fKSoaJM.html

  • @MechMK1
    @MechMK18 ай бұрын

    I think the "Don't get tested if you aren't going to change management" is life advice that translates very well to other parts in life.

  • @cassieoz1702

    @cassieoz1702

    8 ай бұрын

    That was a basic premise when I did my medical training 45 years ago

  • @celiacresswell6909

    @celiacresswell6909

    8 ай бұрын

    Applies to marriage😂

  • @prapanthebachelorette6803

    @prapanthebachelorette6803

    8 ай бұрын

    @@celiacresswell6909lol 😂

  • @keef920

    @keef920

    8 ай бұрын

    “Don’t ask a question you don’t want to know the answer to.”

  • @willsumnall3499
    @willsumnall34998 ай бұрын

    I used to work in a histology laboratory, one day we received an open lung biopsy on a man in his thirties. He had had a "routine" chest x-ray which revealed a suspicious lesion. It was apparently so unusual it was decided to remove it. On laboratory examination the nodule was determined to be not cancer but a foreign body of possibly plant origin, the pathologists were perplexed. When the patient received the results he was relieved to not have cancer and eventually remembered an incident as a child when he was tossing peanuts into the air and catching them in his mouth, one had "gone down the wrong way" but after a brief coughing fit he recovered and never gave it a second thought until........

  • @nope19568

    @nope19568

    7 ай бұрын

    😂😂😂😂 medical professionals really do see it all, never would've guessed peanut lung was the answer 😂

  • @Kenzingo

    @Kenzingo

    6 ай бұрын

    I’m guessing his manner of death wasn’t the lung debris?

  • @kleyyer

    @kleyyer

    5 ай бұрын

    That reminds me of a case I saw from the US, the difference was that it was a pea instead of a peanut, and it grew inside his lung. Later it was removed through surgery. Kind of crazy to think that could happen.

  • @shannons9963

    @shannons9963

    14 күн бұрын

    @@kleyyer a man also unbeknownst to him inhaled a seed, from a pine tree. He had some breathing issues and went to the drs. They sent him off for imaging and to everyone’s complete shock, the man had a tree growing in his lungs. It was able to be removed and he made a full recovery, but I cannot imagine how incredibly shocking and utterly amazing that find must have been!

  • @pedrosmith221
    @pedrosmith2218 ай бұрын

    Some years ago, I thought I was feeling my heart rate in my abdomen excessively, so I visited my GP (my father died of an aneurysm). She was fairly new and ordered an ultrasound. That's when they discovered an "unusual extra vein" that shouldn't have been there. I spent three months in worry until I finally saw the cardiologist. Without ordering any new scans, the cardiologist told me, 'Okay, so you have a Double Inferior Vena Cava, that's not a significant issue. I haven't tested myself, but I probably have something unusual too.'

  • @caitie226

    @caitie226

    8 ай бұрын

    honestly super cool! I love finding out stuff like that about my body but you’ve really got to be prepared to keep it in perspective because it can really weigh in your mind otherwise. often best not to know body fun facts if no change in management!

  • @elvis4868

    @elvis4868

    8 ай бұрын

    I also have a fairly strong heartbeat in the left side of my abdomen and it can be fairly annoying when I'm trying to sleep

  • @KonekoNaru

    @KonekoNaru

    5 ай бұрын

    Can you see your heartbeat in your abdomen (left side) as well? It always kinda freaked me out that I can see it down there just like you can see it on the neck (the pulsating) pretty clearly. I’m quite thin though, so that might play into it. Interesting either way!

  • @Leo-fw1xr
    @Leo-fw1xr8 ай бұрын

    Thank you for debunking dangerous trends and providing some of the best medical content on KZread over the years!

  • @MedlifeCrisis

    @MedlifeCrisis

    8 ай бұрын

    Thank you! That’s very generous 🙏

  • @GuinessOriginal

    @GuinessOriginal

    8 ай бұрын

    Top man

  • @mignonhagemeijer3726

    @mignonhagemeijer3726

    8 ай бұрын

    ​@@MedlifeCrisisI especially found this one of the most interesting videos till date! But there might be a personal bias to this. This September I've started my PhD in STS (sociology of technology and science) research, on something very much related to this. It's about using a digital self monitoring app which uses AI to assess the 'risk' for Cardiovascular Disease. Also with the idea that it would lead to early detection & help encourage people to take preventative actions. My research however focuses on the societal and ethical implications of this. Like what does it do to peoples everyday experiences of sickness and health. How do different stakeholders (end-users, cardiologists, tech-developers etc) view this kind of technology and their potential benefits or drawbacks. Many things mentioned in this video are also part of my own questions and concerns.

  • @harrietxo2310

    @harrietxo2310

    5 ай бұрын

    @@mignonhagemeijer3726my gp app includes such but covering the risk of more ailments than just heart disease

  • @scottfriske9186
    @scottfriske91868 ай бұрын

    This reminds me of when i got a flight physical to become a pilot. they did a 7 lead EKG and came back with me having an abnormal heart rhythm. They said i'd need to see a cardiologist and get a waiver blah blah blah. Meanwhile I run 3-5 miles and was otherwise perfectly healthy. Cardiologist looked at it, called the flight surgeon a hypochondriac, and signed my waiver.

  • @MedlifeCrisis

    @MedlifeCrisis

    8 ай бұрын

    Haha very similar to mine! My heart rate was too low so the doc said he’d need to refer me to a cardiologist (who was my boss at the time) so he just made walk up and down a few times and repeat the ECG 😆

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    I guess tbf a flight surgeon probably is supposed to be a bit overly cautious considering what's at stake, everything involved in aviation is like that including the technical side.

  • @tomfeng5645

    @tomfeng5645

    8 ай бұрын

    @@hedgehog3180 looks like the system worked here - flight surgeon deferred to a specialist who would know how to evaluate the risk better.

  • @noambbyp

    @noambbyp

    8 ай бұрын

    Similar thing happened to me when I got the physical to be an air traffic controller. My GP took one look at the test and was like, so your heart rate isn't entirely regular, that's true for approximately 100% of the population. It is worth pointing out that is these contexts while medically speaking the tests are unnecessary. They are important for other reasons, especially for pilots who subject their bodies to abnormal stresses, and who are responsible for lives of others and can't be replaced at a moments notice if they collapse .

  • @Cheepchipsable

    @Cheepchipsable

    8 ай бұрын

    Sounds like the flight surgeon was just covering himself against even the most remote adverse outcome. That's what happens when lawyers get involved.

  • @rejamrejam
    @rejamrejam8 ай бұрын

    As someone with occasionally-debilitating medical anxiety i feel like these things are so predatory. So much irrational medical anxiety is the fear of something lurking in your body you dont know about. This really feels like a way to prey on mentally ill people.

  • @eevee2411

    @eevee2411

    7 ай бұрын

    Yeah I feel that and I really hate it. In general so many companies feel predatory in that they take advantage of people's fears and shitty life. It sucks, because rarely do they actually want to help. They just want to take your money no matter what it does to their costumer. Ugh

  • @fyang1429
    @fyang14298 ай бұрын

    Fun fact, MRI is the same as a method that is used in chemistry to determine molecular structures - nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Back in the day, they had to stop calling it "nuclear" for medical purposes because it may scare people. Of course, the word just refers to that some magnet is used to cause some atomic nuclei, most often (and in medical MRI only) 1H, to spin a tiny bit, without any ionizing radiation that could damage the cells.

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    I should be educated enough to have a less childish image of this but now I can't stop thinking of a little hydrogen nuclei being given a fun little spin and going "wheee".

  • @ohmightyzeus6135

    @ohmightyzeus6135

    8 ай бұрын

    @@hedgehog3180 That's entirely reasonable.

  • @Finn-rj7hz

    @Finn-rj7hz

    7 ай бұрын

    I just learned this a few weeks ago in my gen chem class, i never knew that befor but it’s so interesting !!

  • @merdufer
    @merdufer8 ай бұрын

    When medicine is not for profit, the metric for success is how many lives we are saving. When medicine is for profit, the metric for success is profit, and saving lives is just a marketing pitch.

  • @sheerluckholmes7720

    @sheerluckholmes7720

    8 ай бұрын

    Elementary dear Watson....🤫 ...🎯

  • @jasperfk
    @jasperfk8 ай бұрын

    I had cancer last year and had 3 PET scans. Each PET scan is equal to about 25mSv, which about a decade of background radiation in the UK. I have had 30 years’ worth of background radiation in one year. At the start of this year they were worried about a relapse but were extremely reticent to give me another PET scan. With each new scan, your chance of developing secondary cancer in the future increases by 0.16% (or so I remember reading) which adds up to a not statistical insignificant risk after a few scans. Thankfully, it wasn’t a relapse, and I haven’t had any further scans!

  • @braindecay9477

    @braindecay9477

    8 ай бұрын

    For adults, a PET gives on average a Dose of 8 mSv That's still 100-1000x more than a simple X-ray, but considerably less than you claim. Special case or why is that number so high?

  • @braindecay9477

    @braindecay9477

    8 ай бұрын

    2/ oh, maybe it was a PET-CT scan, the combination maybe might explain the high dose

  • @connor1586

    @connor1586

    8 ай бұрын

    For reference, the annual limit for a radiation worker is 20 mSv equivalent to the eyes (Or 100 mSv over 5 years) so you definitely got blasted

  • @domagojkosmina648

    @domagojkosmina648

    8 ай бұрын

    You should not consider radiation dose for follow up after cancer, unless you are young. Secondary cancers from medical radiation are rare and come up usually 20 years after the radiation happen. Unfortunately most cancer patients won't live that long.

  • @jasperfk

    @jasperfk

    8 ай бұрын

    @@braindecay9477 it was a PET-CT!

  • @carpevinum8645
    @carpevinum86458 ай бұрын

    I've had weird presentations and less than common diagnoses for my age. Bounced around specialists and soooo many tests. Grateful to my GP for taking the time to talk to me about the process, to have a discussion with me about test options, pros and cons and why he wanted some and didn't want others. Really hard as the patient sometimes, especially after some less than empathetic and respectful doctors previously, to sometimes accept that continuing to search for exact answers that may or may not exist isn't going to be beneficial and that going forward with best practice which won't change regardless while limiting risks. But I understand. Really grateful to have had someone with the the time and ability to help me understand through the process.

  • @estherstreet4582

    @estherstreet4582

    8 ай бұрын

    It really sucks that medicine *does* have issues with patients not feeling like they're being listened to, and those issues are something that quack doctors can wedge themselves into and try and help. As someone who's also been waiting years for an "uncommon" diagnosis the messaging of "doctors just aren't listening to you, we can help" is something I can relate to and understand why some people are drawn to this stuff.

  • @junkbucket50
    @junkbucket508 ай бұрын

    I once had a brain scan done as part of a psychology study at university. I got the files afterwards and it's pretty cool having a 3D image of my brain but I got paid £20 for that. Paying thousands of dollars for what is really a totally pointless scan is ridiculous

  • @grassfolk
    @grassfolk8 ай бұрын

    Congratulations on the promotion chief - we appreciate anything we get from you

  • @TheAnimystro
    @TheAnimystro8 ай бұрын

    I appreciate that you might have just glossed over this to save time in the vid, but for people who might not know's benefit, I have a slight correction on re-running tests - this only decreases the rate of false positives if the false positives are assumed to be independent, i.e. if something other than pure chance caused the false positive, running the test again will still cause a false positive. The co-variance of subsequent tests is almost never 0 (independent) and so re-running the tests isn't a simple catch all solution!

  • @NitFlickwick

    @NitFlickwick

    8 ай бұрын

    They usually solve that by running different, more invasive tests. The second test has more specificity, but it comes at a higher cost, where that cost could be time, patient risk, financial cost, etc.

  • @lottievixen

    @lottievixen

    8 ай бұрын

    he has covered this before i believe, maybe why he missed it

  • @TehAwesomer

    @TehAwesomer

    8 ай бұрын

    I thought exactly the same thing when he mentioned re-running tests. Thanks for taking the time to comment coherently about it. 👍

  • @J_CtheEngineer
    @J_CtheEngineer8 ай бұрын

    As an engineer, I’ve begun to believe that simple solutions and catch-alls are more likely than not to be crap, and that goes for more than just the medical industry. The famous response “it depends” really does come up a lot.

  • @Cheepchipsable

    @Cheepchipsable

    8 ай бұрын

    Simple solutions usually work in the majority of cases. Problem with this fad is it is designed to find abnormalities and pass them off as problems, or better yet catastrophes in the making. Taking things out of context or selective data is a great way to do this.

  • @gingercat
    @gingercat8 ай бұрын

    From what i understand, our bodies are kind of always producing little cancerous tumors all over, but we put a stop to them on our own while they're still tiny. It's just every so often we're not able to and that becomes a worrying cancer. I find that strangely comforting. All these little abnormalities are actually very normal.

  • @ShadowFalcon

    @ShadowFalcon

    6 ай бұрын

    Yeah, Kurzgesagt actually has a pretty good video on it, and apparently there's a hypothesis that we're just unlucky regarding life scale 😅 So, small animals, who have short lives, apparently don't have enough cells, and have lives too short for cancer to even develop, and large animals with long lives, have enough cells or slow enough metabolism for any cancer that may develop to get it's own cancer and die before the animal dies. And we're apparently in the size/life time, where cancer might become a problem 😅

  • @patrikvajgel240

    @patrikvajgel240

    5 ай бұрын

    ​@@ShadowFalconit might also be that we live more than twice as long as in pre-historic times, meaning that our natural ability to fight cancer is more than good enough for our species to survive to reproduce, and our unique vulnerability to cancer might be due to our unnaturally long lifespan

  • @ShadowFalcon

    @ShadowFalcon

    5 ай бұрын

    @@patrikvajgel240 That could be a likely hypothesis too.

  • @tanchella
    @tanchella8 ай бұрын

    Pharmaceutical and medical advertising in the US is disastrous and negatively affects the rest of the world (just think of Ozempic debacle). Kardashyan takes money for advertisement, gets that scan for free and treats it like any other commercial sponsoring without giving a second thought how it might affect lives of people that follow her.

  • @Cheepchipsable

    @Cheepchipsable

    8 ай бұрын

    As the Chief says, she probably knows no better, and there is a logic in testing for everything. It's not a simple thing to understand for most people, (the statistics I mean).

  • @shiniri3064
    @shiniri30648 ай бұрын

    I work in Medical Machine Learning, so I am right at the centre of the tech bro bubble (Jokes aside, most of my collegues are entirely nice and reasonable people, but no doubt those types appear more frequently in my social circles.), and I have heard a couple of times ideas like "We should build a 24/7 full body monitor which tries to infer illness from the parameters it monitors!" Every time I hear things like this I'm tempted to bash my head against my desk. It depresses me a lot, because this could lead to a lot of research money being sunk into insane and dumb things, because people who decide who gets grants are vulnerable to flashy buzzwordyness. No doubt, I think my field *can* do good things, especially if we focus our efforts on projects that make the daily life of doctors easier. (Documentation for exampel!) I escaped the fate of falling into the fallacy of overdiagnosis partly thanks to your videos. I'm also a professional anxiety-haver, with some diagnoses under my belt which lead me to worry about my own health all the time. (I know, perfect job in light of this) But your videos often bring me back to reality, and lead me to approach my testing habits and doctor's visits with a bit more insight into how diagnosis works, and allows me to make a better cost-benefit analysis. For those two effects you have on me I wanted to sincerily thank you. Our modern, anxious and tech obsessed times could use more of your type!

  • @bloatify

    @bloatify

    8 ай бұрын

    this was my attitude after computer science at university Until i entered medicine lol 😂

  • @hannes7695

    @hannes7695

    8 ай бұрын

    ML = Statistics ”We should use statistics to find disease!” Yes, this is what the doctors are already doing. It’s called science.

  • @shiniri3064

    @shiniri3064

    8 ай бұрын

    @@hannes7695 Well yes, automated, quick statistics, with engineering and computer science thrown in. Again, ML definitely has potential advantages which go beyond what doctors can achieve on their own, but humility and the right goals are needed.

  • @Biga101011

    @Biga101011

    8 ай бұрын

    I think that using statistics and computers for identifying the likelihood of various issues and which tests to run for following up of those would be very useful. He rightfully addresses the fact that the patients risk factors and other patient information changes the likelihood of something being a false positive or a false negative. However I find that physicians tend to lump that all into clinical assessments and not actually crunch the numbers. A computer is impartial and by extent I think could give more accurate recommendations, or at least more unbiased.

  • @ussamam1
    @ussamam18 ай бұрын

    Few points: 1) I'm so glad I'm not the only one who thinks of that Scrubs episode anytime full body scans are mentioned. 2) Dari minimus made me laugh way more than it reasonably should have 3) Thank you so much for making videos like this. As an FY2 I often feel myself almost cornered into practicing defensive medicine. The time this changed was during my geriatrics rotation a new consultant on our department simply asked "but how will that scan change anything in this person's management?" with regards to ordering tests to monitor the progress of an AAA (patient was 87). Sometimes it's the simple questions are the that teach you the most.

  • @stevebaker3183

    @stevebaker3183

    8 ай бұрын

    SAME! As soon as I saw "full body scans" I thought of Cox and Kelso fighting about the "moral ambiguity" of full body scans.

  • @johnh3611

    @johnh3611

    7 ай бұрын

    I don't hear anybody bringing up the countless cases of people discovering health problems too late, or negligent doctors and inadequacies in the medical field forcing people to take a more proactive approach. People waste their money all the time. If they feel the need then let 'em check their organs, arteries, look for lumps, whatever. An MRI is not a magical hypochondria beam.

  • @ave_rie
    @ave_rie8 ай бұрын

    I understand why scanning for the sake of it is unnecessary. It’s really just a hassle and not a great use of everyone’s resources. On the other hand, I feel like I have to wait for my thyroid to absolutely die before doctors take my hypothyroid symptoms seriously. Like, it’s either too early to prevent VS too late to cure. 🙃

  • @darkaction123
    @darkaction1238 ай бұрын

    This is handsdown one of the best medical videos on KZread, a doctor who isn't trying to sell us something, only for the sake of furthering medical common sense for everyone, i for one, am a strong believer in preventive medicine and avoiding near useless information about my health. I appreciate this so much Thanks Dr

  • @iankrasnow5383

    @iankrasnow5383

    8 ай бұрын

    He's selling us subscriptions to Nebula, but as long as there's no medical conflict of interest, then that's absolutely fine and dandy.

  • @minnowx7099

    @minnowx7099

    8 ай бұрын

    @@iankrasnow5383Nebula is a subscription based platform where videos are published - he creates his own videos for the platform so he is really just promoting another platform he is in eg Nebula instead of Instagram or etc. perfectly fine.

  • @celiacresswell6909

    @celiacresswell6909

    8 ай бұрын

    Well, he is selling the idea that the medical profession is full of health experts. Still one of my fave KZreadrs

  • @ekesa07632
    @ekesa076328 ай бұрын

    A couple months ago I went back to my home country and was asked by my general practitioner to have an x-ray of my lungs because I haven’t had a health check up in a while. I was horrified to find out that the x-ray as well as the preceding CT scan showed a 1.5 cm Circle in my lung. Of course, my father and I rushed to a pulmonology Institute in my city, and I was shaking and crying because even if I understood that whatever I have - even if serious - was detected early on, it was still unpleasant. Ukrainian doctors - been blunt and forward but well intentioned, flat out told me it’s too early to tell, and told me to check in with a doctor in three months. They told me not to panic but that they couldn’t tell much from just one CT scan and needed to see if this stuff would grow or disappear or whatever. Fast forward to last week, I go to a doctor this time in Germany, who chuckled at my story and told me it was likely a harmless lump or a scar from some pulmonological illness I carried during childhood but that showed no symptoms. Did some tests - lungs were fine, and I’m scheduled for next CT check in two weeks to see if there are any changes. Hopefully it’s nothing as was assumed by doctors so far! Considering I’m a massive hypochondriac and I witnessed three of my grandparents die either from Alzheimer’s or cancer , this was a massive lesson on learning how to control myself, and not jump to conclusions, and be rational about my own health, staying loyal to the yearly checkups and not panicking unnecessarily. So thank you for the video, because as a hypochondriac, and a person who basically grew up on the Internet, you often times become overwhelmed with the amount of bad turns that your health could take at any point. I wasn’t aware that we could even have random lumps like these in our lungs - after all, I was going to the gym regularly and started to much healthier diet months prior, so I thought that if it was cancer, I would notice some symptoms.

  • @JohnDlugosz

    @JohnDlugosz

    8 ай бұрын

    Hypochondriacs are the healthiest people -- think about _that_ ! Early diagnosis doesn't really help anything, he showed, but combine that with more frequent tests and the answer may change. The effect is probably due to not ignoring symptoms or not putting off seeing a doctor when something real appears.

  • @kleyyer

    @kleyyer

    5 ай бұрын

    @@JohnDlugosz Hypochondriacs die 5 years earlier than other people. So... no.

  • @mhdm
    @mhdm8 ай бұрын

    On one hand, you have people without symptoms getting full body scans. On the other hand, you have people that self medicate/treat and avoid (expensive) doctors until they literally have no other choice. Just for the doctor to order one test that takes weeks to schedule/get results or worse to prescribe ibuprofen or paracetamol and send them away.

  • @scottrobinson4611
    @scottrobinson46118 ай бұрын

    As someone who had a slightly hypochondriac couple of years regarding my heart (as a ~20yo man), I was genuinely curious about the idea of getting some sort of scan of my heart and surrounding arteries. I did eventually get past it, and started just doing normal things to take better control of my cardiovascular health. It helped to have a good understanding of Medical physics and the various types and doses of radiation induced by the various scans. This is a really thoughtful explanation of the drawbacks and baggage that come with the seemingly flawless idea of getting a scan to catch 'invisible' ailments.

  • @memofromessex
    @memofromessex8 ай бұрын

    I got a health DNA check and it turned out I had the Hereditary Haemochrotosis (aka Celtic Curse 🇮🇪 ) - a genuinely life-threatening genetic disorder when the body absorbs too much iron. It can virtually symptomless, or the symptoms wildly different to different people and difficult to diagnose. For years I had felt fatigued, felt like my blood sugar was low, I slept poorly, I had difficulties moderating my body temperature - my iron levels were x10 as they should be. Because of this, my brother also got checked and got diagnosed with HH, so it saved two lives.

  • @HardstylePete

    @HardstylePete

    7 ай бұрын

    " For years I had felt fatigued, felt like my blood sugar was low, I slept poorly, I had difficulties moderating my body temperature - my iron levels were x10 as they should be." You describe the symptoms. Thus getting additional testing to find out the root cause makes medical sense.

  • @MicroBlogganism
    @MicroBlogganism8 ай бұрын

    This is why instead of getting a yearly scan, I just grow a new body every few years and transfers my soul into it! How is that for longevity Bryan?!

  • @V0IDM0TH
    @V0IDM0TH8 ай бұрын

    When I was a child my mom ultrasounded me at her job (was general ultrasound, now specifically maternal fetal medicine) just because I wanted to see my organs. It was neat! If there was a service where I could get a full set of x-rays of my whole skeleton to scale just for fun, that'd be cool. I don't care about medical imaging for medical reasons unless it's determined necessary by someone who knows better, but I sure want a scale map of all my bones or pictures of my guts just for fun. I want to know my skeleton in great detail. I mainly care about the bones.

  • @zachjones6944

    @zachjones6944

    8 ай бұрын

    All ionizing radiation (at any dose) is harmful en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_no-threshold_model#Controversy.

  • @dilliondantin
    @dilliondantin7 ай бұрын

    I'm 28, and have had loud, crackly knees since I was like 10. A few years back, I was a secretary in a hospital, and asked a doctor whose opinion I had come to value quite a lot about my knees. "Do they hurt?" No. "Have they ever hurt?" No.. "Then don't worry about it." Best medical advice I've ever gotten. Catch me making beats with my knees.

  • @tomhesemann3680

    @tomhesemann3680

    7 ай бұрын

    I have the same thing in my ankles. My friends joke that I could never sneak up on anyone.

  • @pammclaughlin8210
    @pammclaughlin82108 ай бұрын

    Thank you for this….,as a breast cancer patient scanxiety is real! I would never get a full body MRI “just because “, I now no longer need extra scans, mammograms etc but when I was getting them every 3 months, it was terrifying! Now my scanxiety is back to once a year with just a mammogram and ultrasound (on the non reconstructed side)

  • @ethereel6268
    @ethereel62688 ай бұрын

    As I understand it, the fundamental reason why more data can be bad, is because we don't know how to handle the data. Typically we only image people with symptoms, so if we see a finding in a healthy person, there is no scientifically validated process for what to do next, nor do we as individuals have any way to calibrate how worried we should be as a (potential) patient. However, when it comes to externally accessible parts of our body, we are encouraged to be vigilant of moles, lumps, etc. and go to the doctor, because we're all accustomed to the idea that most findings are completely harmless, but it's worth keeping an eye out for if anything changes, or if the finding meets certain highly worrying criteria. Is it not the case that (ignoring the cost effectiveness, lack of equipment, and general hassle of it for a moment) if everyone had a full body scan every X years, we'd get used to the idea that the odd minor finding is normal and learn not be anxious about it? Moreover, when in the future we inevitably do develop some symptom and get imaged, we'd be able to cross-reference the incidentalomas from previous scans and have a pretty good idea that they probably don't need to be further investigated because they've been there for 15 years without any changes. That is, incidentalomas would become a bit like a mole you've always had. Obviously when it comes to anything where the test itself has significant risks such as CT scans, you can't apply that same reasoning, and the claims that these tech wellness companies make aren't supported by any evidence. However, imagine you do have a limitless amount of money (like Kim K) and, say, rather enjoy the weird feeling of peripheral nerve stimulation from the MRI scan, and are psychologically balanced enough to ignore most non-suspicious findings on the results (perhaps unlike Kim K) - wouldn't it be possible that a full body MRI could actually, in that rare scenario, be slightly beneficial? For what it's worth, I've had a doctor suggest tests on several occasions when I *did* have symptoms, but when I asked whether the outcome of that test affect my care, they said no, and admitted that there's no real point to having the test. I only say this to illustrate that I'm not someone who has unnecessary tests - even if they're free on the NHS and suggested by a doctor! However, I don't entirely buy into the reasoning that imaging on healthy people is useless, provided we can learn to respond to any findings appropriately.

  • @ER_GUY
    @ER_GUY8 ай бұрын

    A little off topic but a medical story: I was working in the local ER (A&E) and the hospitals CT scanner was being upgraded, and was out of use. So in the meantime the company brought a portable CT scanner to the hospital, it was a CT suite build in a semi truck trailer. Well I guess when driving our nice Canadian roads, the CT portable scanner needs to be calibrated (or something) once done, they had a volunteer have a "free scan" just to make sure it was working properly. Anyway, the volunteer, a CT technologist had a free head CT (no contrast) and ...they found a slow growing brain tumor (don't know what type). These tumors often grow unnoticed and only when they start causing problems are they found and are usually inoperable, and slowly cause a client / patient to die of this type of tumor. BUT BECAUSE he had his free CT, they found the tumor while it was very small, and he was able to have it removed, thus saving his life!!!

  • @healingpalmsca

    @healingpalmsca

    Ай бұрын

    Amazing story! Yeah you never know when a scan like this can actually save someone’s life. It’s not a one size fits all. A dear 32 year old friend of mine just passed away from stomach cancer, because doctors refused to test her and just gave her pain pills.

  • @jimbobur
    @jimbobur8 ай бұрын

    3:39 I half choked on a swig of tea at this. Turns out this video is far more hazardous to my heath than anything you might spot being MRId for an hour.

  • @Hanuman0813
    @Hanuman08138 ай бұрын

    Just a side note. In Czech republic we are also eligible for preventive colonoscopy from age 50 and in 10 year period after that.

  • @wiesorix
    @wiesorix8 ай бұрын

    I took a class in uni recently about the physics and engineering about different imaging techniques, including MRI. Half of that chapter was just filled with different kinds of artifacts, imperfections and ways the scans can go wrong. So it became very clear to me: an MRI is an imperfect device. It will miss things that are there, but show things that aren't. So even if your body is completely normal, the image will show little things that could sent you down the diagnostics/treatment cascade. Or, if you do have the early signs of serious disease, it can easily be missed amongst all the mistakes in the image. Bottom line: all these scans are imperfect (same is true for CT, ultrasound, PET,...) so unless you got a serious sign of disease, you're just trying to find patterns in noise. So don't get that scan unless you got good reason to do so.

  • @DjDolHaus86
    @DjDolHaus868 ай бұрын

    I perform a full body scan every morning. I check that everything is more or less where I left it and then get on with my day

  • @Sumanitu
    @Sumanitu8 ай бұрын

    I realize now the real significance of the psychology of wanting these full body scans. My Dad had an incidentaloma at 78 when he had a routine X-ray to look at his pacemaker. Unfortunately he was in the very small minority and it was asymptomatic stage 4 lung cancer

  • @deepakrajendra8019
    @deepakrajendra80198 ай бұрын

    Great video! I hate the commercialization of medical therapies increasing day by day. I think the primary thing I'd like to see is for the ban of endorsements of these services by actors and the such. Seeing ads on TV about ayurvedic ramblings here in India is bad enough! I can't imagine what exposure to these kinds of promotions might do to someone living would do to them, especially without any medical background. These companies do prey on the insecurities of the general public; maybe enough for me to consider them to be evil. Not sure if a complete ban is warranted but I would love to see a ban on celebrities or influencers being able to promote services like these...

  • @lunacouer

    @lunacouer

    8 ай бұрын

    I would love to see this happen. Here in the US, pharmaceutical companies are allowed to advertise on TV, and oh boy do they take advantage of it. Just on Hulu, I see 3-4 medication commercials per episode of TV. If you watch enough of them, you'll be convinced you need a slew of new medications. All of them end with "So ask your doctor about _____", so our poor doctors know every time a new one is launched, from the sheer number of people suddenly asking about it. So here, companies like Prenuvo are just taking advantage of what's already legal. They're just being smart about it by using influencers for the targeted advertising (cheaper than TV commercials). It would be nice if the only people they could advertise to are health professionals - with a lot of limits there too.

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    Just in general things that are like almost definitely scams, celeb endorsements of crypto also lost people collective millions and bankrupted many people.

  • @amicaaranearum

    @amicaaranearum

    8 ай бұрын

    Kim Kardashian has no business promoting medical services.

  • @8pelagic610
    @8pelagic6108 ай бұрын

    I woke up this morning and sneezed about five times in succession. Looking for a way to stop the sneeze bout, I followed the medical information pathway describing terrifying mechanisms of nerve relay pathways, obscure areas of my brain, various muscle contractions, relaxations, closures, dangerous levels of airflow, mucus pathways and now have arrived at a feeling of gratitude for just being alive. For now.

  • @monicarobbins447
    @monicarobbins4478 ай бұрын

    Newcomer to the channel here: your content is fantastic. The biggest benefit for us, I think, is medical context. We can google our way to any scientific paper in existence, but your specialized knowledge connects the dots for us. THANK YOU!

  • @connorgoosen2468
    @connorgoosen24688 ай бұрын

    This tickled my stats brain and weighed my tenancy to obsess over health! Thanks for being a breath of fresh air in these conversations doc!

  • @kateatschool
    @kateatschool8 ай бұрын

    The thing vets can't resist doing to themselves is ultrasounds - I have scanned my bump (baby looked cute) and random sore joints (I recognise I don't really have the skill to know what I'm looking at...still made me feel better though...)

  • @kataseiko
    @kataseiko8 ай бұрын

    My mom had breast cancer (they said it was stage 4) and she had it treated. Mastectomy, then one full body MRI (with a cheaper option than this "prenuvo" ripoff) and the five mets that they found were treated with chemo and radiation. In 2014, she was declared "cancer free".

  • @tamriales

    @tamriales

    8 ай бұрын

    Congratulations to your mom! Breast cancer can be very scary, especially stage 4. I'm very glad she came out of it okay (and didn't have to pay $2500 for an MRI). Best of luck to you and her

  • @Abigail-hu5wf

    @Abigail-hu5wf

    8 ай бұрын

    Full-body scans for metastases in a patient with known advanced cancer are very different to full-body scans in people with no known disease nor reason to suspect disease, though.

  • @dsvilko
    @dsvilko8 ай бұрын

    This was very well explained indeed. Reminds me of a time, 5 years ago, when I brought my very sick cat to a vet and after a lot of tests got a vary bad news - late stage FIP with life expectancy of a few weeks at most. We immediately asked for a second opinion. More tests were done and again the result was almost without any doubt, FIP. Typical FIP symptoms. Typical FIP blood results. Well, when I got home I did a bit of reading up on the incidence and especially incidence for a cat of that age and living in those kinds of conditions and the incidence turned out to be so extremely low that even with very close to 100% reliable test results, the overall true positive probability was still far, far below 50%. Turns out, Bayesian statistics was right and two experienced vets were wrong. Luckily, we were not given any treatment options by the vets, but if we had been, we could have increased the chance of a bad outcome through a needless and possibly very expensive procedure. Goes to show what can happen when even trained doctors (well, vets) do not properly take "a priori" probability into account.

  • @omnipotenttit3240
    @omnipotenttit32408 ай бұрын

    One point I would like to raise is that, because medical systems are overburdened in most countries, all medical providers do have an ulterior motive that isn’t directly tied to their salaries, and that is working together at every level to reduce the amount of strain put on their country’s healthcare system as a whole. That means hospital administration have a strong need to justify the lowest possible referral rate, and I think that can lead to harmful bias, and dismissal even of those who are symptomatic. In the Netherlands, for example, it’s a running joke that it is very hard to receive treatment for anything even when someone is actively suffering. The Dutch healthcare system has some very effective methods for filtering traffic away from hospitals, but many believe this is not in the best interests of the patients. Many people are sent away untested and untreated in the name of taking pressure away from a struggling medical system (one which is still miles better than most anywhere else in the world) and the research into just how many times someone with a serious health problem is turned away before being treated or even dying is sorely lacking. This isn’t me justifying full body scans at all - I agree with what you’re saying for the most part - just pointing out that radiologists trying to discourage a bigger influx of patients does not rule out bias of another kind, and I worry sometimes about the effect this pressure-reducing need of healthcare systems has on research.

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    We could of course address this by restoring proper funding to our healthcare systems instead of just constantly cutting budgets, but that would get in the way of lowering taxes for the wealthy.

  • @poloMpolo
    @poloMpolo8 ай бұрын

    Great point! Thanks so much for pointing out also the emotional spending. Thanks for your videos! ❤

  • @piotrszewczyk9205
    @piotrszewczyk92058 ай бұрын

    That you for making those, always glad to watch. I've noticed that you don't normally do it in videos, but it would be nice to hear about scans/check ups that are actually effective for more or less general population.

  • @isidoooora
    @isidoooora8 ай бұрын

    im so incredibly glad i found your channel all those years ago, i really aspire to be as knowledgeable and have such easiness with words as you some day

  • @travisporco
    @travisporco8 ай бұрын

    I had a voluntary whole body scan at my own expense, at a private site in California, in summer 2021 and they found a stage 3 renal cell carcinoma. If I hadn't done that I would have been seriously hosed.

  • @sieltte
    @sieltte8 ай бұрын

    Thank you yet again for addressing these issues so concisely, clearly, and with a sprinkling of humour

  • @riley22105
    @riley221056 ай бұрын

    I'm a brand new viewer of this channel but I'm enjoying it! I love the balance between your humor and genuine educated responses.

  • @_ZombieDoll_
    @_ZombieDoll_8 ай бұрын

    Here I am with symptoms, unable to get tests/scans because doctors won't listen to me or because the healthcare system is absolutely swamped, meanwhile rich people are out there getting full body scans and getting treated for things that are causing no issues and make no positive impact on their life... smh

  • @healingpalmsca

    @healingpalmsca

    Ай бұрын

    Exactly!!! So infuriating!!

  • @recycleonwednesdays
    @recycleonwednesdays8 ай бұрын

    My doctors are always trying to get more imaging and I am always trying to get out of it. It's expensive, uncomfortable, time consuming, and rarely changes anything. I can't imagine signing up for recreational scans!

  • @DomyTheMad420
    @DomyTheMad4208 ай бұрын

    9:40 i was & still (kinda?) am against full body scans BUT your arguements (for ME) guide me to another conclusion "so what you're saying is i should get a nice full body scan done every say 5 years, so i/my doctors can know what's new & what's blobs are normal for me? and y'kno, tell who-ever's checking those scans to not flip out, these are just baselines to be used if/when i actually get worrying symptoms."

  • @agent__berry
    @agent__berry5 ай бұрын

    I am just barely breaching the content of this video right now, but the captain disillusion mention was surprising and instantly made me subscribe!! I love the Captain sm

  • @flashter6101
    @flashter61018 ай бұрын

    It's been a while since I've watched someone so informative yet so witty, nice work

  • @sheldon97sheldon
    @sheldon97sheldon8 ай бұрын

    What a great video. Back in 2016 at age 19, I had what is (hopefully) my lifetimes only near death experience before peacefully dying of natural causes in my sleep. My appendix burst and my family thought I just had 'man flu' so left me to rest in bed. After 5 days, they eventually acknowledged I was in an exceptionally bad state as I couldn't stand up, was struggling talk and was struggling to stay awake. The doctor said my system was shutting down and if I'd gone to bed again that night, I'd have likely slipped into a coma and never woken up. I was in hospital for 6 weeks after surgery. Before this incident, my family had always been dismissive of symptoms, saying things will be fine and 'man up'. But after the incident, we did almost a full 180, worrying about even the slightest of things. I wouldn't say we became hypochondriacs, but we were definitely borderline. We've mostly snapped out of it now, but still take things much more seriously than before. Your video is perfect for me, as I got really swept into the whole self diagnosis stuff at the time, as did my family, and we would pester doctors almost weekly about stuff. You've taught me that although you shouldn't ignore your symptoms when they arrive, you also need to be realistic that the chances of something actually being wrong with you is relatively low, and you need to balance fearing 'what if' with the chances of something actually being wrong. I'll be sure to continue to take symptoms seriously if anything else arises, but also not overly worry about them and understand that things happen in life, because even with all the testing in the world, it doesn't guarantee survival. Thank you.

  • @sdgc8667

    @sdgc8667

    7 ай бұрын

    Do you mean your appendix burst after 5 days of bedrest? You can't survive for days with a burst organ flooding your insides with literal human waste, your immune system would destroy your own body in short order

  • @bandana_girl6507
    @bandana_girl65078 ай бұрын

    I've technically got a few health risks that could benefit from full-body MRIs for diagnosis and tracking of progression, but I also know that with most of them, tracking my symptoms is more than enough. Really, the only routine testing that I need to undergo is regular eye exams because that's a way that the issue can present that I might not be able to notice on my own and would then trigger being even more vigilant (I've got an undifferentiated connective tissue disorder, which could present as a vascular issue but will most likely present first as a drastic change in my vision prescription). I've even got chronic pain which is completely incidental in most cases and only gets brought up in most cases if it's changed (and could indicate something else is wrong) or if it's starting to interfere in my life in a different way to normal

  • @bodymindhealth4u
    @bodymindhealth4u8 ай бұрын

    This is fantastic exploration of the scan topic and how it’s important to only test if you will make changes!! I love you point out you can make changes now!!! I will be sharing this video with my clients when needed. As a health and wellness coach and a licensed mental health professional in Canada I can’t tell you how many people struggle with health issues because of stress and poor lifestyle. If we focus on the things, we know we already have to do it will do much in the way of increasing our vitality and preserving our life so far is possible I know I like many of my clients could do better in my lifestyle choices but it’s OK to be a work in progress and move forward.

  • @bertze
    @bertze8 ай бұрын

    The first thing that came to mind to me was exactly what you said in that 5yo video of false positives. That's sing that you're doing a good job, keep shining on!

  • @damiensegers3555
    @damiensegers35558 ай бұрын

    As a PGY-1 Neurology resident, ubiquitous imaging reminds me of all the non-specific white matter lesions in young patients who get a brain MRI for vague symptoms like headache and fatigue, and are then subjected to a harmful work-up for demyelinating disease...

  • @lisasei-leise287
    @lisasei-leise2878 ай бұрын

    “If you are healthy you just haven’t been properly diagnosed, yet.” It seems that the idea of regular full body scans is the most thorough way of doing this :-)

  • @TheHaighus

    @TheHaighus

    5 ай бұрын

    The issue is that regular full scans can make you less healthy than not having the scans.

  • @lisasei-leise287

    @lisasei-leise287

    5 ай бұрын

    @@TheHaighus There’s nothing in the full scans themselve that makes you less healthy. People have been undergoing many many scans in studies without any problems, even I have when attending university. (Easy money and interesting.) The issue is that regular full scans without any reason will make you *appear* less healthy and further diagnosis - and maybe even treatment - will damage your health, statistically. That‘s even the meaning of the pun I quoted - the human body is not a machine. If you look thoroughly enough you will always find something odd.

  • @TheHaighus

    @TheHaighus

    5 ай бұрын

    @@lisasei-leise287 It varies between scans, but there are harms. Most obvious is that scans including ionising radiation (xrays, CT scans, PET scans) directly cause harm and increase your risk of cancer. But even if the scan does not directly hurt you, as you say the information it provides can hurt you (as pointed out in the video too)- if you find incidentalomas you may end up having unnecessary biopsies, surgeries etc. which all carry risks and harm. A biopsy has a chance of causing life-threatening bleeding or infections, for example. These can cause life-long poorer health too. Tissue removed surgically generally cannot be replaced and is gone for good, this can also have life-long affects on health. If you *don't* have further investigations, you now know there is a very small chance that thing could be serious. In a healthy individual, such incidentalomas are statistically much more likely to be harmless, and the investigations overall cause more harm than benefit. They are not signs you are not healthy, just normal variations. Those odd things are often not unhealthy, just uncommon. This is why there is a risk vs benefit calculation for every investigation, and why research studies involving scans will need to get ethics approval and should consent for the risks of the scan.

  • @RenotSemaj
    @RenotSemaj8 ай бұрын

    Great advice, thank you. I was diagnosed with Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma, nearly ten years ago. All My scans came after the initial diagnosis. They were used to find the extent of the disease and to assess the effect of the treatment. Used in the way that you suggest makes them invaluable. Hail to the chief from Latitude: -43° 31' 59.99" S Longitude: 172° 37' 59.99" E

  • @krismicinski
    @krismicinski8 ай бұрын

    By far some of the only substantive material on KZread. Great job

  • @jarnMod
    @jarnMod8 ай бұрын

    My dad was got a scan once, after he fell unconscious and ram his nose into a table. It was lack of sleep back then. The cause was sleep apnia. But in checking, they do everything including multiple scans that detect 75% obstruction in his artery. That one going down the long way on the heart. You know which one. The doc suggest not to do anything because he has no symptom. Dad was worried. It's more than 10 years now and that obstruction is still there, chilling. I guess it's a right decision to just chill out and let live at this point.

  • @grahvis

    @grahvis

    8 ай бұрын

    I have an artery with a partial blockage. An attempt to place a stent failed due to the bends in the artery, so it was treated with medication. That was over 20 years ago.

  • @katbairwell
    @katbairwell8 ай бұрын

    My husband has long believed that, if the resources were available, at the age of majority each person should have the choice to undergo a series of test/scans/etc, not as a fishing expedition, but to take a full baseline of that individual, at that point in their life. The idea being that should any symptoms occur later, there is a suite of data from before the symptoms began, against which any diagnostic tests can be compared. This idea is somewhat informed by his Dad having a rare "orphan" disease, and his wife (and in-laws) having a rare genetic condition that causes a host of abnormalities during foetal development, and having been disabled in early twenties by CFS/ME. I don't know whether is would be all that helpful for diagnosis later on, but as there is never going to be the necessary investment into the NHS to make it remotely possible, it's rather a moot point. So...not a lot of reasons to add this comment, really. Oh, well I've typed it now.

  • @MissMeganBeckett

    @MissMeganBeckett

    8 ай бұрын

    I think something similar to what you described would be useful for veterinary medicine too, getting a baseline blood test so that you know if something changes later based on actual results rather than on averages.

  • @AshleyYelsha

    @AshleyYelsha

    8 ай бұрын

    I totally agree with him!!!!

  • @katbairwell

    @katbairwell

    8 ай бұрын

    @@MissMeganBeckett Yes!! Oh my gosh, you are so right. Our pups are both over 10 now, and they have routine blood tests as part of their annual review. Our practice also do registration bloods, for exactly that reason! I can't believe I haven't twigged it was exactly the same idea, well I can believe it -not the sharpest pencil in the drawer! The routine checks caught the first indications of our old cat's kidney failure, and were vital in guiding our vet on when to start our old pup on medication for her pre-existing heart murmur. We were able to give them both a better quality of life for longer, and our old pup was the marvel of the practice, every time she was in the vet would check her heart and lung sounds, shake his head and say "I don't know how she does it". I know, it was down to exceptional veterinary professionals, who gave her a good 5 extra years of being a right little scoundrel! Thank you, for making the connection for me, animal people are the best people

  • @MissMeganBeckett

    @MissMeganBeckett

    8 ай бұрын

    @@katbairwell the reason I thought of it is because our cat had to get dental work and they did the pre surgery blood test to see if he was healthy enough for surgery but they didn’t have any previous blood test to compare it to, so we had to delay the surgery, find someone to go pick up the cat. The vet had us do something for a few days to reduce risk, then we had to have mom take time off work and rent another car to get the cat to the vet, the blood work hadn’t changed so they said it was probably that he was just that way naturally and it wouldn’t be an additional risk for the surgery, so then he had the dental cleaning and extractions. It would’ve saved a lot of time money and worrying if we had a healthy baseline for his blood tests, but our vet never did blood work, and I think she still doesn’t do blood tests. My dog is getting neutered soon so I hope that nothing similar happens when they do his pre-op risk assessment blood test.

  • @kikiTHEalien

    @kikiTHEalien

    8 ай бұрын

    Most people don't know what their normal blood pressure and body temperature are. I can only imagine what measures the system would need to implement to make everyone do any number of compulsory tests just to have a base line to compare at a later stage 🤯

  • @khakala97
    @khakala978 ай бұрын

    As a young MD from Finland, you are my biggest role model. A big fan! Love everything you do.

  • @TRYtoHELPyou
    @TRYtoHELPyou7 ай бұрын

    Thanks for the overview and information in all you are doing here. The humor is good too. Man, i feel this video is going to be much more effective than the others.. thanks again.

  • @LauraMolina-PaintDiva
    @LauraMolina-PaintDiva8 ай бұрын

    I had all the symptoms of diverticulitis during my last physical and had to go for my 1st CT scan. Analysis of the test show my gastrointestinal system was fine and without abnormalities but I also found out that everything was OK for all my internal organs as well. 😊

  • @JamesJansson
    @JamesJansson8 ай бұрын

    I'm 38, got a CT angiogram recently (at cardiologist's advice) healthy weight, no other health issues except family history. I had a 50% stenosis in the D1 of the LAD! Anyway, the result is do nothing except improve diet and exercise, maybe start statins soon and check back in 5 years.

  • @eypandabear7483

    @eypandabear7483

    8 ай бұрын

    Not an expert but I assume in your case, the “family history” was what increased your prior probability enough to warrant the test.

  • @JamesJansson

    @JamesJansson

    8 ай бұрын

    @@eypandabear7483 technically it wasn't enough on its own. After everything was cleared the doctor believed I dislocated a rib, which gave me a lot of chest pain (even breathing hurt). While I was in pain, my heart rate was high. My doctor wasn't satisfied with my heart rate, so I went to the cardiologist. So it was a combo of factors, which independently wouldn't have got me the CT. Family history is not enough to get the CT on its own under Medicare in Australia. But since I was experiencing chest pain and heart rate and my father had a heart attack in his forties, it was justified.

  • @andreac5152

    @andreac5152

    8 ай бұрын

    Not a cardiologist here but not prescribing immediate statin after finding a 50% coronary stenosis looks malpractice to me. Anyway you will be put under medications eventually, so the test will probably make a difference.

  • @nicoles_handle
    @nicoles_handle8 ай бұрын

    great video, i defo have been sucked in too. always good to know we can work on the basics first and foremost before bothering with fine tuning every detail.

  • @TheZoan007
    @TheZoan0078 ай бұрын

    Your type of humor is just my jam. Thank you for this

  • @jesuistahmid
    @jesuistahmid8 ай бұрын

    i find rohin to be the best youtube/ influencer-doctor. he always provides excellent evidence based and pragmatic advise. keep up the good work mate!

  • @shax3400
    @shax34008 ай бұрын

    Probably just under 4 weeks apart. Another great video.

  • @MedlifeCrisis

    @MedlifeCrisis

    8 ай бұрын

    Ooh close but you’ve overestimated a bit

  • @cosmoreverb3943

    @cosmoreverb3943

    8 ай бұрын

    ​@@MedlifeCrisisThat's a good beard for under 4 weeks

  • @missknight9
    @missknight98 ай бұрын

    I get yearly MRIs as part of a high risk genetic cancer screening. Two years ago we found a mass in my breast but as it does not appear cancerous I’ve decided not to remove/treat it yet. Instead I’ll be monitoring it’s growth. I’ve seen how fast undetected cancer has killed women in my family so I’m very grateful for this, but my life doesn’t revolve around those test results exactly because of those reasons you listed. This is such an important message!

  • @RestoreMoreMCM
    @RestoreMoreMCM8 ай бұрын

    I love the logic, assessment of overarching aspects of health, and the wisdom that you impart in your videos. I’m grateful for your sharing your knowledge. Thank you. 5 ½ days additional beard growth.

  • @fakecupcake123
    @fakecupcake1238 ай бұрын

    My dad did this in China and did a whole Chinese traditional med based off those scans. And he was so pumped about it, I told him to pump his breaks and be critical of everything. A few years later he said it was basically useless and went back to western medicine. The sure answers that these predatory medical approaches give are so disgusting.

  • @mandralyne
    @mandralyne8 ай бұрын

    I have a Dr who runs routine EKG on everyone who comes in. I went in for liver testing. I've had 5 years of annual echoes despite being asymptomatic because of a result of that EKG.

  • @naomyduarteg
    @naomyduarteg8 ай бұрын

    Great video! We are living in challenging times concerning information with all those internet celebrities.

  • @michaelboucher1023
    @michaelboucher10238 ай бұрын

    Man, I wish I could have you as my personal doctor. Also thanks for making sure your video is captioned. As a deaf viewer I appreciate it.

  • @ashermerrill
    @ashermerrill8 ай бұрын

    "My day job is incredibly devouring my soul and leaving a gaping chasm in my heart." Ah, I think I know the feeling. 😅❤

  • @notmyname327
    @notmyname3278 ай бұрын

    Great video as usual. When I was younger I really wanted some kind of scan or lab test that could just "tell me anything and everything that's wrong" health wise. Now I know better but tbh it's a bit difficult to tell what's normal and what's a symptom of something bigger I should get checked out. Your point about what the advice would be really got to me though: if the outcome of a test is for a doctor to tell me I need to eat well, exercise and get better sleep then I didn't really need that test. Hail to the chief! Congrats on the new role.

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    That's also one thing I struggle with, like I have no idea if things I deal with on a daily basis are actually something a doctor should look at or just normal everyday because I honestly have like no idea what is normal. Like no one has ever told me explicitly what it is like to be "normal", and I know I can't just rely on the fact that I am used to it because I also have Autism, ADHD and PTSD and I got used to all of those and didn't even suspect there was a problem until I heard about it online and asked a doctor about it. And like there are a lot of things I just sorta deal with that I definitely find uncomfortable and would rather be without and they probably do impact me negatively. I wish anatomy was like a subject at school so someone could explicitly tell me when exactly I need to worry enough to see a doctor and when it's just everyday stuff.

  • @Serenity_yt

    @Serenity_yt

    8 ай бұрын

    ​​​​@@hedgehog3180 Just bringing it up with a doctor is definitly always an option in the end they are the ones with training to decide what needs checking out and whats normal. Rohin is talking about tests here specifically, talking with your Doctor about concerns you have is definitly never wrong especially if you it causes you discomfort. As an aside as someone with a smidgen of medical training (and likely some chronic joint thing I can never be bothered to go to a doctor for) I also find it much easier to figure out a patients problem than my own thats why you shouldnt diagnose yourself and instead bring up the laundry list with another professional who can give a relatively unbiased opinion. I might find it relatively easy to navigate which level of care I should seek out (Am I dieing, really uncomfortable or can I just sleep it of) but thats about all the benefit my Paramedic training gives me.

  • @-lyvenx3648
    @-lyvenx36488 ай бұрын

    who knows how you could've been promoted to be dept lead when you're absolutely smashing it... congrats? Thank you for your effort on these videos!

  • @alanparker3130
    @alanparker31308 ай бұрын

    One of your best! I learnt about lots of new-to-me cognitive biases. Despite having a PhD, I really have a problem getting my head around all that false positive stuff, so it's nice to hear it once more. But I do cheerily throw away my yearly State-provided prostate testing kit, so I've obviously taken some of the ideas on board.

  • @mattsains
    @mattsains8 ай бұрын

    I think it would be nice if it were possible to have a more closed feedback loop for making actually good efforts on your health. Like it would be great if I could say “I worked hard to eat well and exercise and now my heart looks incredible on scans”. Instead it’s like “I worked so hard to eat good food and exercise and it was exhausting, hopefully I’m healthier now but who knows if I’m even doing the right thing”.

  • @VoIcanoman
    @VoIcanoman8 ай бұрын

    My mother had an abdominal+pelvic CT scan once, almost 10 years ago (I believe it was ordered for gynecological reasons), and an "incidentaloma" of sorts was found on her kidney, and reported as an incidental finding by the radiologist. Follow-up imaging using ultrasound and further CT scans confirmed that it was not a benign cyst (it had no fluid inside, being instead solid), and it was slowly growing (at a rate of about 2-3 mm per year - it is now almost 3 cm long in its largest dimension). We still aren't sure what it is, but the nephrologist in charge of her case has agreed with the rad's "diagnosis of exclusion" that it is some form of renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer), although such a disease is multifaceted and poorly-understood, so based on present knowledge (and the slow rate of growth) they estimate that it is likely a less serious form of the disease (but cannot determine what it is without a biopsy or excision, from whence they could get a pathology report on the lesion). So she is in the unenviable position of having to either a) do nothing, and wait for it to become a problem, or b) consent to a procedure (that comes with its own risks) to either sample it (biopsy), remove it entirely (laparoscopic surgery), remove it and the whole kidney (radical nephrectomy) or biopsy then destroy it with radio waves (percutaneous radiofrequency ablation). However, in all likelihood, had the incidental finding not been made, she would have lived a normal life and died of something else at an average age (she's 71 now and has type 2 diabetes, so she may live another decade or slightly more, but in that time this kidney tumor [?] is quite unlikely to cause her any issues), never even knowing about this weird issue with her body. More importantly, the stress of having to make what could be a life-or-death decision (as the tumor could metastasize, though the doctors deem it unlikely; or perhaps one of the procedures on offer could have serious complications should she consent to it) is probably more harmful overall than the actual (presumed-to-be) cancerous mass on her kidney (remember - diagnosis of exclusion involves uncertainty...they don't even know if this is cancer or not). So I completely understand what Rohin is saying here. In the real world, more information isn't always going to lead to better outcomes. And whatever the doctor's opinion, they aren't the one making the decision, the one whose life is going to be affected by whatever happens from there. So they aren't going to give you a "you should do this," and rightly so. "Should" implies a lack of uncertainty, and uncertainty is always going to be an issue in medicine.

  • @le13579

    @le13579

    8 ай бұрын

    Well said.

  • @champagneprincess4

    @champagneprincess4

    8 ай бұрын

    Facts. what’s the point of finding a kinda sorta something when it could never impact your life in the slightest. The stress and worrying about it would probably impact when you die more than the thing itself

  • @ed8377
    @ed83777 ай бұрын

    love how your worked doodad into a terrific medical review!

  • @alanthefisher
    @alanthefisher8 ай бұрын

    The lottery comparison is very accurate for alot of medical related things. Great video as always

  • @AdamMc192
    @AdamMc1928 ай бұрын

    *Love this content* Rohin. People assume that screening isn’t based often on probability. They don’t understand specificity and sensitivity. People like Kim and Bryan Johnson are not adding to science and likely (on the whole) leading to worse outcomes for those who follow suit.

  • @eypandabear7483

    @eypandabear7483

    8 ай бұрын

    To be fair, conditional probabilities and Bayesian statistics are very unintuitive, even for people who understand the maths.

  • @WhichDoctor1
    @WhichDoctor18 ай бұрын

    its interesting that a big problems in health, especially for men, is people not going to their doctor with real symptoms until things have progressed really far. While this new problem of people with no symptoms at all getting unnecessary investigations is also causing the health system issues. Humans really do never like taking the middle road, it's all or nothing with our species

  • @hedgehog3180

    @hedgehog3180

    8 ай бұрын

    Combined with women having actual symptoms ignored by doctors we get the trifecta of shitty healthcare.

  • @susanrobinson2077
    @susanrobinson20778 ай бұрын

    Thank you for this video. It helped a lot with my understanding. Your calm and neutral delivery makes everything easier to process.

  • @randomsammieable
    @randomsammieable8 ай бұрын

    I really agree and appreciate your angle on this. But you really hit the nail on the head with the lottery analogy. Thank you.