In Canada, children and adolescents under 15 years of age account for less than 5% of all cases of tuberculosis (TB) reported annually; however, those born outside of Canada (or with a parent born outside of Canada) and Indigenous children are disproportionately affected. The clinical presentation and diagnosis of TB in children and adolescents differs compared to adults and requires a multi-disciplinary approach to ensure early detection, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment.This PHO Rounds will provide a brief summary of the recent epidemiology of TB in Ontario, with a focus on the epidemiology of pediatric TB. It will then provide an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric TB, including latent TB infection (LTBI). Key considerations with respect to the local public health management of TB in children and adolescents will also be addressed through case studies from Peel Public Health.