What's even more impressive about Ramanujan's achievement is that he didn't have the benefit of having Duplo to hand.

@db1595

8 жыл бұрын

This made my day :)

@kittyrules

8 жыл бұрын

+SquareWaveHeaven just dont step on it

@alephnull4044

5 жыл бұрын

Pretty sure he must have. Come on, I know the guy was a genius but he was still human.

@orsonzedd

5 жыл бұрын

*Megablok, he is lying to you

@orsonzedd

5 жыл бұрын

@Jace Wright I have Euler in my heart, you can't get me devil spawn!

"How many Christmas cards does Ramanujan have to send?" "Infinitely many, but at least he can count them all."

@murtazahamid6141

4 жыл бұрын

He sent -1/12 cards

@antrixsharma3476

4 жыл бұрын

He sent none, he was Hindu lol

@lucknowstudy8086

3 жыл бұрын

@Alex ask Galileo who was killed

@koro-sensei9783

3 жыл бұрын

@@antrixsharma3476 lol

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

@@murtazahamid6141 I wonder where his heart was? I am sure he debated the 1 and5 card.

college text books often have the best footnotes because you can really see how people slowly become delirious after spending hundreds of hours going through them and writing it.

@jeroenverschaeve3090

8 жыл бұрын

+Azivegu I know right xD

@shadowbane7401

5 жыл бұрын

Your profile picture is upside down and in a mirror

@thomaskaldahl196

5 жыл бұрын

@@shadowbane7401 non-ironic fun fact, in mathematics an upside down capital A placed in front of a variable represents that the formula that follows applies *for all* values of that variable. example: (∀x)(x+1>x) means "for all possible values of x, x plus one is greater than x."

@MrMctastics

4 жыл бұрын

(Opening lines of "States of Matter", by D.L. Goodstein). Ludwig Boltzman, who spent much of his life studying statistical mechanics, died in 1906, by his own hand. Paul Ehrenfest, carrying on the work, died similarly in 1933. Now it is our turn to study statistical mechanics.

@centralprocessingunit2564

4 жыл бұрын

@@thomaskaldahl196 thank you I've wondered what that upside down A meant

even if I dont understand 98% of things he talks about, i just love his enthusiasm

@jackbean213

8 жыл бұрын

The language of mathematics is like listening to a beautiful Latin language. I like listening to French and Italian despite my ability to understand most of it.

@jaiskreno

7 жыл бұрын

Батрић Гарић I ja isto! Obožavam

@crustyoldfart

3 жыл бұрын

Aye he really seems to loove his noombers.

@mohammedayankhan4497

3 жыл бұрын

I understand all that.

@chicapercebe

3 жыл бұрын

haha yes

pi keeps showing up in the strangest places.

@ThatoneLich

8 жыл бұрын

I know, pi is just magic

@Reluxthelegend

8 жыл бұрын

+That one Lich Did you just agree with yourself? O.o

@ThatoneLich

8 жыл бұрын

+Relux the Relux As opposed to disagreeing with myself? Or did you not catch the comment I was replying to

@Reluxthelegend

8 жыл бұрын

LOL for some reason the other comment didn't loas when I commented, thought you had replied to yourself. XD

@ThatoneLich

8 жыл бұрын

+Relux the Relux I bet it was pi again

I'm reading *The Man Who Knew Infinity* right now. The depth of mathematical exploration in the book is more complex than the superficial depiction in the film, and it provides the extra complexity of human relations between Hardy, Littlewood and others involved in Ramanujan's life.

@stt9379

8 жыл бұрын

#÷#^=

@gordontaylor2815

8 жыл бұрын

+2b Sirius Well, there's only SO much that can be fit in a movie...

@EGarrett01

4 жыл бұрын

The book also has a lot of boring and unnecessary detail, like a huge digression about the Tripos exam system in the UK.

@centralprocessingunit2564

4 жыл бұрын

what did the book say about ramanujan or his genius?

@EGarrett01

2 жыл бұрын

@Grian Brant Yeah, and Ramanujan neither fought in the war nor took the Tripos.

my favorite textbook footnote is from UW Math 234: "This is known as the 'sushi principle' - Raw data is better than cooked data"

@OwlRTA

7 жыл бұрын

UW as in University of Waterloo?

@Ejlipasti

7 жыл бұрын

TheSasukeOwl university of Wisconsin I imagine

@danielquintero2339

7 жыл бұрын

Isaac Galang v

@PromptedHawk

7 жыл бұрын

That has to be a jab at a colleague.

@magno5157

5 жыл бұрын

I highly disagree. Grilled eel sushi tastes sooo much better than raw sushi.

I find it interesting that Einstein and boss were working on a physics problem closely related to partitions around the same time as hardy and ramanujan.

@MrAB-wf5sf

4 жыл бұрын

Then who is Einstein here .

@shambosaha9727

4 жыл бұрын

@Agraj AnujBose, but boss works just as well

@EGarrett01

4 жыл бұрын

@@shambosaha9727 "Bose, but boss works just as well" Not when you're working with Einstein in the 1910's.

@shambosaha9727

4 жыл бұрын

@@EGarrett01 I would like to point out that Bose did most of the work, but, ya know... controversial issue.

@EGarrett01

4 жыл бұрын

@@shambosaha9727 Seems like everyone is convinced someone else actually did Einstein's work.

Jack! Draw me like one of your french partitions.

@JanStrojil

8 жыл бұрын

+Nae Dolor I was just about to post that and then decided to check if someone else already thought of it. :)

@ardenvarley-twyman8352

8 жыл бұрын

Jack? Who's Jack?

@SlipperyTeeth

8 жыл бұрын

Upside down and in a mirror?

@JimmyLundberg

7 жыл бұрын

I guess in this version it'd be Jacques.

@mariakhan6090

4 жыл бұрын

@@ardenvarley-twyman8352 Jack from Titanic, man 😂

"Don't do it - you'll be sorry" on a science textbook explaining reproductive systems

damn, Ramanujan died way too young :(

@vinayvekaria3400

8 жыл бұрын

What could he have done if he lived longer?

@mokshbaweja6555

3 жыл бұрын

@@vinayvekaria3400 he had a book of formulas that were not proven when he died so who knows what else....

@sinpi314

3 жыл бұрын

@@vinayvekaria3400 we don’t know. He passed away too young.

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

A child genius may find that ata certain age the normal others caught up with him at 30. Who knows?

@DendrocnideMoroides

Жыл бұрын

@@brendawilliams8062 how on earth can that happen

I'm a simple person who knows nothing about maths but watches numberphile. I see James Grime, Lego, and Ramanujan - I click.

6:07 imagine going to vacation with your infinite number of friends. What hotel would you choose ? I wonder if a mathematician thought about that ?

@AAA-kt4nn

8 жыл бұрын

Hilbert's infinite hotel

@AAA-kt4nn

8 жыл бұрын

ez

@thesage1096

8 жыл бұрын

+Citizen Babao ...

@fatsquirrel75

8 жыл бұрын

+AAA That's the joke.

@vinayseth1114

8 жыл бұрын

+Citizen Babao Do mathematicians have friends?

I *do* have a favorite footnote, actually. :-) Bernard Hoëcker began his first book with a footnote (even before the first word). It said that this footnote only existed because he just learned he could do begin a book with a footnote. :-) So even the book wasn't about mathematics at all it was a nice self-reference, which is always cool. :-)

@cube2fox

5 жыл бұрын

Someone should write a book entirely consisting of footnotes. It would probably have a tree structure. :)

@leo17921

5 жыл бұрын

@@cube2fox i think you started watching numberphile like 3 days ago and fyi its a great channel :) also i like how your profile picture comes from mario maker 2

@cube2fox

5 жыл бұрын

@@leo17921 Hmm, why do you think that? :D I also like your fire Mario profile picture. :)

@leo17921

5 жыл бұрын

@@cube2fox cause in most numberphile videos i watched i see a comment from you from a few days ago

@cube2fox

5 жыл бұрын

@@leo17921 Haha, actually I know the channel for several years, but recently my KZread decided to start recommending them again.

There's a movie about this? Wow! Hope it won't be a Parker square of a movie!

@thoperSought

8 жыл бұрын

888SpinR yeah, truly.

@achu11th

8 жыл бұрын

Most movie about famous people are parker squared usually I guess. Let us hope for the best. Next movie about a famous mathematician should be about Parker himself and his parker square. Title suggestions: giving things a go- a parker square of an autobiography An almost perfect prequel - the success of a parker square Matt parker- the mascott of parker square.

@gizatsby

8 жыл бұрын

+achu11th (parker)^2

@taba1950

8 жыл бұрын

the parcker square deserve more recognition

@achu11th

8 жыл бұрын

+Almujtaba Osama there should be a place called parker square square or something which shows the amount of recognition it deserves. It definitely needs more recognition, you are right.

I have seen Ramanaujan handwritten notes and O dear this man freaked me out. He was living in a different parallel universe

i just finished watching the movie now about Ramanujan...i had to come here ..

@karanveersingh9634

8 жыл бұрын

same here

@aneek7287

8 жыл бұрын

you liked it?

@ofentsetshepe

8 жыл бұрын

i loved it

@Anonymous-rs6qi

8 жыл бұрын

same haha, i didn't find my phone so i used my sister's computer to look for it.

@theCogentIntrovert

7 жыл бұрын

I'm now going to watch the movie lol

My favorite footnote was in a mathematics book in first year of my bachelor study. It was about shear matrices and showed a picture of a sheep and a deformed sheep, calling it a "sheared sheep". I found that pretty funny ._.

@sayandas5

3 жыл бұрын

Was it Lang? I think I saw that picture too!

If you had all the positive integers as your friends you'd have to send infinite cards and you'd only get back -1/12

@aryesegal1988

8 жыл бұрын

+yriafehtivan i see what you did there.. ;)

@recklessroges

8 жыл бұрын

+yriafehtivan Only if your first friend replied with 1 card and the second with 2 cards and the 3rd with 3 french hens.

@shashanksistla5400

8 жыл бұрын

+Reckless Roges Very true.

@shyamtripathi6817

5 жыл бұрын

Only when their number of gifts equal to their ranks

@danieln7777

5 жыл бұрын

Lol. Great one

OMG I love Ramanujan so much

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

A hero is what he was to his cultural heritages.

You need to post more videos with James Grime. Epic video as usual btw.

@DrEvil-uw1ju

8 жыл бұрын

+Priyadarshini M James Grimes is my favorite, not only is he brilliant, but his enthusiasm draws me in and makes me care about the things.

@JugglingGamer

8 жыл бұрын

+Dr. Evil (Hjalte Hørsdal) Agreed! He definitely has a way of explaining things that people can appreciate.

The partition function, along with the sum of partitions and the permutations of partitions, is probably my favourite function in all of number theory. It's just so useful!

This needs to be reuploaded upside down and in a mirror

@effortless35

8 жыл бұрын

+Damien W With French voiceover.

@user-ib8sy4qu8l

8 жыл бұрын

+Damien W Can it be a one way mirror?

@franzluggin398

8 жыл бұрын

+Ζήνων Ελεάτης We do not believe in things that don't exist around here. Now, let me quickly sum up all the naturals and get -1/12 as a result.

@MyHabbits

8 жыл бұрын

+Damien W So you mean into a server in Australia? Hey, stop booing me! You don't get puns like this every day!

@user-ib8sy4qu8l

8 жыл бұрын

Franz Luggin Hahahahaha! Possibly, modulo-infinity!

Yeah, but how many ways are there to partition Poland?

@farhanhyder7304

4 жыл бұрын

4

@appleslover

4 жыл бұрын

*coughs* ask its neighbours *coughs*

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

Ask gps

Probably my favourite story of Ramanujan is when G. H. Hardy went to see him, and I'll let Hardy tell the story: "I remember once going to see him when he was ill at Putney. I had ridden in taxi cab number 1729 and remarked that the number seemed to me rather a dull one and that I hoped it was not an unfavourable omen. "No," he replied, "it is a very interesting number; it is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two cubes in two different ways.

8:57 for anyone wondering exp(n)= e^n

@jordiplotnikovpous4844

4 жыл бұрын

Leo179 tyvm

@vae3716

4 жыл бұрын

Thanks man I was so confused

1:50 Oh hey, he plays Tetris too

Thanks for making a new video with James Grime, it's been a while! He's my favorite.

I LOVE JAMES GRIME

@SomeScarsDontHeal

8 жыл бұрын

Me too ❤

@swimswum

8 жыл бұрын

+BigMan Stan ALL GRIME ALL THE TIME

Ramanujan's Christmas card list wasn't too bad. But it got bad when he tried to give all his friends presents by putting a candy in one sock belonging to each of them.

My favourite footnote is footnote 34 page 69 in the Griffiths Introduction to Quantum Mechanics textbook where the author points out that " If you are irritatingly observant you may have noticed that the general theorem ... doesn't really apply".

"Ramanujan had an amazing intuition for numbers; another Cambridge mathematician called John Littlewood said that all the positive integers were Ramanujan's personal friends, which sounds like another nightmare to me, having infinitely many personal friends. Imagine the Christmas card list. It sounds terrible".

@brendawilliams8062

2 жыл бұрын

I believe that he was deeply spiritually inclined and found pleasure in philosophical thoughts.

I love how enthusiastically James is playing with Duplo in this video only to go on to play Pen&Paper Tetris

8:30 Well, that escalated quickly

Uploaded on my birthday and I love Dr James Grime. This is awesome.

Really nice explanation of partitions. I was struggling with a very dry math book that didn't really make things clear. Thank you!

Ramanujan was probably interested in this because he may have felt that this formula would explain what a number is. (The sum of its parts). In this case partitions.

second semester of undergrad I started studying partitions and q-series. I've fallen off since major surgeries and the COVID-19 pandemic. This video reminded me of how beautiful they are and how much I loved the maths involved. I swear to get back into it. So much left to be discovered and mulled over

such a fascinating subject...I dont know much about maths, but when I read about Ramanujan I remember thinking this guy was one of, if not the most naturally gifted mathematicians in History. Had very little formal training, and so poor, he couldn't even afford notebooks, so had to use slates to do his calculations on, what mathematical marvels were lost on those slates, though he did of course, keep his best ideas in his three notebooks. Those slates are possibly in landfill somewhere.

whenever I see Dr. Grime is in a video I get super excited. He just seems so excited and happy about math! Pretty much I'm saying put more Dr Grime on the channel.

That was a great video, thanks James!

Ramanujan forgot two of the most important Tetris pieces: The Squiggly: ◘◘ ◘◘ The Reverse Squiggly: ◘◘ ◘◘

@TheSpacecraftX

8 жыл бұрын

+L00NGB00W Line piece... *Line piece.* LINE PIECE *LINE PIECE* *LINE PIECE!!!!!*

@KnakuanaRka

6 жыл бұрын

They’re called the S and Z.

@loganferguson6921

5 жыл бұрын

He forgot T as well

@parthsushamachavan915

5 жыл бұрын

whoa whoa whoa

@andrewprahst2529

4 жыл бұрын

Fun fact, if you ignore mirrors, there are 5 Tetrominos (Tetris pieces) and 14 pentaminos. It's Catalan numbers.

Amazing video even after so many years his work powers the curiosity within me

Many thanks Numberphile...Was looking for this for quite a while.... Cheers!

"Imagine the Christmas card list... sounds terrible" best phrase ever

Having a favorite textbook footnote is so unbelievably nerdy and I love it.

Please do a few more videos on Ramanujan's ideas. Great video.

Euler, Hardy, and Ramanujan are the mathematicians who inspire me to actually explore math. And Numberphile and 3blue1brown are the best KZread mathologists

@Krish_202

8 ай бұрын

Jacobi, Euclid, fermat were excellent too

11:00 - "Even in physics like eh, shuffling energy. So you know energy isn't created or destroyed it just gets moved around, right?" This is almost completely true. It starts to break down when you are working in the quantum range and having deal with virtual particles. Could it be, that REALITY isn't, really, real? O_o

@belive-cb8jp

8 жыл бұрын

Actually Objective Reality is REAL. Try the Solipsist Litmus (u)Test: Pinch your self; TRUTH Exists Pinch another sentient being; TRUTH WITH CONSEQUENCES... Save your solipsism for your "DEATH" inversion - that's when you'd better KNOW NO HARM... JUST say'n

@Arm4g3dd0nX

8 жыл бұрын

124bel875ive The problem is the definition of real. Some of the words used to describe real are: not imaginary, objective, not artificial, and absolute. Imaginary implies a higher conscious, and I have no intention of weighing in on one side of that debate, but if one did exist, imaginary would be an apt term for something created by a being's mind. Objective and absolute completely breaks down at the quantum scale, it's only at larger frames of references things seem so tangible. And the number of peer-reviewed articles in favor of the idea that our universe is a simulation is immense. So, in summary, all four of those terms would have to be true for what we call reality to be real. There would have to be no higher power, we would have to not be in a simulation, and we will have to distill the probabilistic nature of subatomic particles away. Seems like that would be quite a feat to show that our reality, is actually real.

@belive-cb8jp

8 жыл бұрын

Arm4g3dd0nX Pinch your self until it HURTS Brother. DO YOU EXIST? Pinch ME (or a sentient being) with intent to Harm - and one or both will cease to exist. People that deny objective reality are solipsists. Solipsists justify Violence and HARM sentient beings by pretending they are imaginary. Solipsists are THE reason Earth is in trouble today. 150 billion animals per year killed and eaten by carnists (frugivores eating corpses!) is NOT SUSTAINABLE. It's a Death Cult. Again, Objective Reality. To deny Objective Reality in insanity. JUST say'n

@belive-cb8jp

8 жыл бұрын

Arm4g3dd0nX Beware YOU are in MONSTER Territory. Some of us OWN the Partitions... Madness? THIS IS MATHEMATICAL!

Thanks to Cambridge for recognizing his talents

Ah, James! He is a special one of my favorites here on Numberphile!

Your channel has helped me so much in my programming/math journey!

@numberphile

Ай бұрын

Happy to help 👍🏻

Ramanujan was lego genius

That looks like a #ParkerSquare formula

@vamshidarisi8400

8 жыл бұрын

lol

@parkerparker6318

8 жыл бұрын

+Subin Mdr My name is Jesse Parker, and I approve this message.

@parkermowery6784

8 жыл бұрын

My name is Parker Mowery and I too approve this message.

@wertyuiop221

8 жыл бұрын

My name is Barry Allen and I'm the fastest man alive.

@NexxTGaming

8 жыл бұрын

+Murariu Ciprian Hi, my name is, what? My name is, who? My name is, chka-chka Slim Shady

James is back! Happy days.

Dude your a real math nerd. I really enjoy your teaching. I bet you make a great teacher / Professor . Thanks.

Full formula on wikipedia, you'll understand why he didn't give it to us when you'll see it...

@geekjokes8458

8 жыл бұрын

+Flandre Scarlet fuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu

@doern92

8 жыл бұрын

+Flandre Scarlet yea my professor found it just a couple years ago..

@traxhoho

8 жыл бұрын

i didn't found it

@gui1521

8 жыл бұрын

+Skxawng en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_(number_theory)#Approximation_formulas

@U014B

8 жыл бұрын

+Skxawng Of course you didn't. Ramanujan founded it.

You're missing the Z and S tetris shapes. Oh, this isn't a video about tetris.

@gjugany

8 жыл бұрын

They also forgot the T... oh.. it's not tetris? nevermind..

@YellowPersonalityCore

8 жыл бұрын

This is just a Parker Square video about tetris.

So much respect for this host so smart

Fantastic video thank you very much for that !

I am very excited about The Man Who Knew Infinity :)

We're going to need some more Duplo's

@danijelujcic8644

8 жыл бұрын

+Pandadefoggi or Tetris

1:55 As he is drawing out the various partitions of 4, I start hearing the Tetris theme going through my head.

A legendary, humble individual...

Could you talk more about the applications of it and show us how the full formula looks like?

@OM-yn8pt

8 жыл бұрын

+Wood Croft I just did a module on Thermodynamics in College, I think its the same idea for partition functions they had the same sum of the exponent of a variable form anyway, they're essential in that field, look up the partition function in thermodynamics :)

When I showed my friend OEIS for the first time he randomly entered some numbers and this sequence came up.

@traxhoho

8 жыл бұрын

oeis?

@anticorncob6

8 жыл бұрын

Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences

although I didn't understand it that well, thanks for trying to elaborate it. u r putting a great effort and enthusiasm.

James Grimes! :D You are one of my favourite people in the world, sir!!!

Thank u so much for showing us how beautiful math is and the supreme beauty it holds. I was always inspired deeply by Srinivasa Ramanujan. And it’s such a honour for India for the teachers like you are expanding his vision. In India we need teachers like you who can not only teach maths but show us that it is at the deepest in the heart of the cosmos. Thank for ur help. HAPPY TEACHERS DAY!

Finals in less than a week? Screw it, JAMES GRIME!!

‘imagine the christmas card list’ -> the best tangent of all time

thanks for explaining that partitions is about shuffling. that rang a bell!

Awesome video! Those figures remind me of tetrominos - all the ways you can arrange four squares in a plane where each square has at least one edge connect to the whole figure. Oooh! You should do a video on polyominos! The sequence of possible configuration with one square is 1, two squares = 1, three = 2, four = 5, five = 12, six = 35, and so on. :-)

ramanujan roll up the partition please

2:28 I actually do have a favorite footnote from a textbook 😂 it was an economics textbook discussing the concept of “willingness to pay.” The authors used the Minnesota Vikings as an example, saying that each household in Minnesota would be willing to pay a certain amount to keep the team in Minnesota. The footnote said “imagine how much more they would be willing to pay if the Vikings could actually win a Super Bowl”

Nothing is more misterious than that brown paper.

The man who infinity is just unpredictable and contains the mind at the level more than the infinity.... Respect Shri Shrinivasan Ramanujan

James is the most interesting person on numberphile. Prove me wrong

It is one of those things in mathematics that is so bizarre as it intuitively seems straightforward, but is anything but straightforward and very complex!

I see that prime number generator in the background 🤣

Please upload a copy of this video upside down and mirrored

So Partitions are all the possible ways to add numbers to get a number.

@pedroocm

8 жыл бұрын

+Oliver o niell yep

YES JAMES IS BACK!!!!

@mokshdhawan1966

8 жыл бұрын

Ikr? I'm ecstatic

Finally, he's back!

James!!!! Your back!!!!

@kansalsid

8 жыл бұрын

You're

@ｚ３ｎｔｒｏｐｙ

8 жыл бұрын

What about his back?

@kansalsid

8 жыл бұрын

+Zac Lee hahaha nice one

@sethgrasse9082

7 жыл бұрын

Zac Lee Yeeeessssss thank you!!!

@GravelLeft

6 жыл бұрын

I legiiamately thought you meant that something was wrong with James' back and started looking through the video until I suddenly realized xD

I'm going to watch this upside down in a mirror.

@belive-cb8jp

8 жыл бұрын

Guard13007, How did it go? Perhaps - Take a PEEK thru the Direct Opposite Reverse - The Prime Spiral Stills the Chaos. BOO!, Monster :-0

@KupoForLife

7 жыл бұрын

124bel875ive g

@belive-cb8jp

7 жыл бұрын

KupoForLife triacontahedron pawns the monster and bloch walls parasites :-)

That was fascinating. What a wonderful thing to have started.

I'd love to see more vids like this one😍

It's rather ironic that Ramanujan should be particularly well known for his work on partitions. He was an Indian, and that's exactly what they did to India in 1947. And they considered how many ways there were to do it beforehand.(BTW, Ramanujan wouldn't have had a problem with his Christmas card list if all the positive integers were his close friends. As a Hindu he almost certainly wouldn't have had one.)What, too soon?

Merci pour le conseil, mais je vais regarder la vidéo à l'endroit quand même :D

Oh man I missed James so much!

I believe Einstein once said something like "If you can't explain it simple, then you don't understand it well enough" - YOU just nailed my friend 👍

Assumed this was a computerphile video from glancing at the title.

Ramanujan was the most intelligent known man in history.

Great and useful video:)

That footnote really sounds like the author went "can't be bothered with the french mate"

Partitions are Tetris pieces! I guess we can thank that guy for Tetris in a way.

Every day I'm shufflin'

We do not know how many more formulas Ramanujan would have discovered had he lived longer. But, one thing is for certain and that is he would have been a Numberphile fan :)

@gordontaylor2815

8 жыл бұрын

+Ehsan Azarnasab I think Numberphile should interview Dev Patel (who played Ramanujan in the movie they mention) about that.

Did this in my maths class today in permutation and combination and just shows how mathematics has evolved.....what is groundbreaking for one generation is elementary for the coming ones