Op-Amp Slew Rate Explained (with Examples)

Ғылым және технология

In this video, the slew rate of an Op-Amp has been explained with solved examples.
What is Slew Rate:
It defines the maximum rate at which the output of the op-amp can change. (How fast the op-amp is able to respond)
Unit of Slew Rate: V/us
Different Op-Amp has different slew rate and the value of slew rate varies from 0.1 V/us to 1000 V/us.
So, depending on the application the op-amp with specific slew rate needs to be selected which prevents the distortion of the output signal.
Causes of Slew Rate in Op-Amp:
The internal compensation capacitor in the Op-Amp is the main cause of slew rate in every Op-Amp.
The value of Slew rate depends on the value of this internal compensation capacitor and the charging or driving current.
Power Bandwidth of the Op-Amp:
The maximum frequency (for large signals) up to which there will not be any distortion in the output is known as the Power bandwidth of an op-amp.
This power bandwidth of the op-amp (slew rate limited maximum frequency ) is defined for the large signal (in volts), while the unity gain-bandwidth product is defined for the small signals (in mV).
If the input frequency is more than this maximum frequency, then the output signal will start getting distorted. And this kind of distortion in output is known as the slew rate induced distortion.
The timestamps for the different topics covered in the video is given below:
0:19 What is Slew Rate of an Op-Amp?
2:31 Causes of Slew Rate in Op-Amp
4:12 Effect of Slew Rate on Pulse input
7:46 Effect of Slew Rate on Sinusoidal Signal
10:21 Example 1
11:30 Example 2
The link to the related videos on the op-amp:
Introduction to Operational Amplifier:
• Introduction to Operat...
Inverting Op-Amp:
• Operational Amplifier:...
Non-Inverting Op-Amp:
• Operational Amplifier:...
Op-Amp Integrator
• Op-Amp Integrator (wit...
Op-Amp Gain Bandwidth Product:
• Op-Amp: Gain Bandwidth...
This video will be helpful to all student of science and engineering in understanding the slew rate of the op-amp.
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/ allaboutelectronics
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/ allaboutelecronics
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Пікірлер: 148

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS
    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS6 жыл бұрын

    The timestamps for the different topics covered in the video is given below: 0:19 What is Slew Rate of an Op-Amp? 2:31 Causes of Slew Rate in Op-Amp 4:12 Effect of Slew Rate on Pulse Signal 7:46 Effect of Slew Rate on Sinusoidal Signal 10:21 Example 1 11:30 Example 2

  • @mr.unique7689

    @mr.unique7689

    6 жыл бұрын

    sir you are great....you can see in last two video you have 0 % dislike means like/dislike = infinity ...you teaching like idle opamp...thank you sir... :D :D

  • @kwekker
    @kwekker3 жыл бұрын

    I don't understand where you find the time to make such high quality tutorials man, thank you so much

  • @srishtikumar5544
    @srishtikumar55445 жыл бұрын

    Excellent, excellent video, really helped to clear many doubts I had about this concept during lecture. Took me a while to finish the video, but I have a much more thorough understanding of this now!

  • @varshabendre6061
    @varshabendre60615 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video explaining the slew rate concept of op amp. Thanks for making it so easy

  • @stuartmp1974
    @stuartmp19744 жыл бұрын

    Awesome. Best electronics tutorials on KZread for sure

  • @isaacexposito4368
    @isaacexposito43685 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for your explanation! It is very clear!

  • @MatheusSilva-dragon
    @MatheusSilva-dragon4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks! I love those crystal clear explanations!

  • @syoushiro1837
    @syoushiro18375 жыл бұрын

    you SAVED my day!!!

  • @AshishPanchala
    @AshishPanchala3 ай бұрын

    Professor tech slew rate But I don't understand anything Useful information Bus when I see your video I have no dout about slew rate You give me great information sir 💯💯💯

  • @tomyangwang6697
    @tomyangwang6697 Жыл бұрын

    At 13:09, shouldn't the input square wave frequency be 500Khz, such that output will have a 250Khz triangular wave at 4V peak?

  • @seetaramdevarakonda627
    @seetaramdevarakonda6276 жыл бұрын

    hi sir...! the way you explain is super really i liked it so much

  • @zacclark9136
    @zacclark91365 жыл бұрын

    The way you say "zero to five volt" is the best thing ever for some reason

  • @ShreyasBharadwaj

    @ShreyasBharadwaj

    5 жыл бұрын

    in a single breath

  • @agstechnicalsupport
    @agstechnicalsupport6 жыл бұрын

    Excellent explanation of the concept of OP-AMP slew rate. Thank you !

  • @solyomalbazz4925
    @solyomalbazz49256 жыл бұрын

    Great Explaination! Thanks

  • @pronounceword
    @pronounceword4 жыл бұрын

    I like your video very much. It's really great. I'll keep an eye on your channel. I am your fan and I will support you.

  • @noweare1
    @noweare15 жыл бұрын

    Very practical and usefull, thank you

  • @oscaraguila5053
    @oscaraguila50532 жыл бұрын

    Excelente video. Very clear your exposición. Thanks

  • @ajingolk7716
    @ajingolk77162 жыл бұрын

    Nice video easy to understand, so the slew rate and rise/fall time are related

  • @rupeshkumarjha659
    @rupeshkumarjha6594 жыл бұрын

    Sir! in 12:56,how did we find f=1/t=250kHZ from t=4 micro sec?

  • @ankitadubey5284
    @ankitadubey52845 жыл бұрын

    Thankyou so much we get easy way for study

  • @anbu7406
    @anbu74064 жыл бұрын

    Very good explanation.

  • @bionicbagel1
    @bionicbagel15 жыл бұрын

    great video. Really helped

  • @IranGenius
    @IranGenius5 жыл бұрын

    Tnx. it was just what i wanted.

  • @user-dv5zb9rk6e
    @user-dv5zb9rk6e6 ай бұрын

    This Is Good. I Am Learning This Acquired Towards Sound Synthesis

  • @rovermx18
    @rovermx184 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the explanation. It was very helpful. May the Lord Jesus bless you even more :)

  • @trinetram707
    @trinetram7076 жыл бұрын

    Thanks excellent work

  • @mcie6306
    @mcie63063 жыл бұрын

    great explanation thank you so much

  • @jarajapunagababu6258
    @jarajapunagababu62584 жыл бұрын

    Thank u brooo awesome explaination...

  • @edgbaston149
    @edgbaston1492 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much Love from Kerala

  • @semiconductor9149
    @semiconductor91492 жыл бұрын

    What is the use of given circuit in last question ??

  • @tpsicmin
    @tpsicmin2 жыл бұрын

    Amzing Explanation

  • @mayurshah9131
    @mayurshah91316 жыл бұрын

    Excellent

  • @raefsiam
    @raefsiam Жыл бұрын

    good work

  • @farhanupaul
    @farhanupaul4 жыл бұрын

    What are the large signal and small signal frequencies? I mean isn't the large signal means DC biasing? if that is true then shouldn't the frequency be=0

  • @shubhammittal4993
    @shubhammittal49935 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much... Thank u really!!!!

  • @mohammadaminrami1226
    @mohammadaminrami12262 жыл бұрын

    very well explained

  • @kaushalsinghrawat5308
    @kaushalsinghrawat53086 жыл бұрын

    Thank you brother ... Your voice is so nice..

  • @gregsuarez5205

    @gregsuarez5205

    Жыл бұрын

    Voice is nice , but speaker has a long pause before the end of most sentence. Example “… slew rate changes” Had to get used to this . Liked and subscribed

  • @amrwael1360
    @amrwael13603 жыл бұрын

    Awesome video

  • @desigamer4083
    @desigamer40834 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much

  • @afsalm1611
    @afsalm16112 жыл бұрын

    nice lecture sinks with my brains slewrate

  • @lalacpp
    @lalacpp5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the great videos they are really enlightening. Just a couple of questions lets say we make an op-amp how can i find the SR and how would i measure it?

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    5 жыл бұрын

    The slew rate is usually given in the datasheet of the particular op-amp. You can also approximately measure it by applying the square wave to the op-amp and finding the time required to reach the maximum voltage using the oscilloscope in the lab.

  • @lalacpp

    @lalacpp

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you a lot :)

  • @GauravGupta-pb8mk
    @GauravGupta-pb8mk3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much sir

  • @brentb5303
    @brentb53036 жыл бұрын

    Very nice job explaining slew rate and its limiting on-limiting effects on amplifier design specification. Many manufacturers don't include this spec in their manuals. Do you feel like this is due to a difficulty of their product to produce a clean signal throughout the designed 20-20,000 Hz band or is there so few examples of op-amp response not meeting criteria that they feel there is no reson to list the spec.

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    6 жыл бұрын

    Most of the manufacturers provide the value of slew rate of the op-amp with different supply voltages and also provides the graph of the variation of slew rate with supply voltage, capacitance, input voltage, temperature etc. As a designer, we need to select the op-amp which suits best to our application and have minimum distortion from this specs. I hope it will help you.

  • @KoushikMalOfficial
    @KoushikMalOfficial6 жыл бұрын

    it's very helpful we need more videos on electronic topic

  • @ashtag4043
    @ashtag40433 жыл бұрын

    Amazing🙌🔥

  • @dhruvkumar-ne6hh
    @dhruvkumar-ne6hh5 жыл бұрын

    please ex plane types of mosfet

  • @sahanayambhatnal2782
    @sahanayambhatnal27822 жыл бұрын

    Really helped a lot...

  • @The.asif62
    @The.asif623 жыл бұрын

    Good concept

  • @lesedikhosi7870
    @lesedikhosi78702 жыл бұрын

    Very good explanation. ndi Happy

  • @igorpii4739
    @igorpii47392 жыл бұрын

    Really appreciate! Thanks!

  • @jarzis
    @jarzis6 жыл бұрын

    thanks a lot

  • @PE_with_Pooranessh.
    @PE_with_Pooranessh.3 жыл бұрын

    Crystal clear

  • @louisdesipio3343
    @louisdesipio3343 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent!

  • @urmilapathivada2046
    @urmilapathivada20463 жыл бұрын

    Sir thank you so much for the video. Got a doubt. Hope you respond. What are the possible ways to improve slew rate sir? And is non inverting amplifier of opamp has virtual ground concept? Please reply sir? Thanks in advance.

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    3 жыл бұрын

    By using the op-amp with better slew rate, that problem can be solved. The different kinds of op-amp are used for different purpose. Some op-amps have better slew rate, some have better gain bandwidth product, some are low noise op-amps. So, depending on the requirement one can select the specific op-amp. And about your second question, the the concept of virtual short is applicable for non-inverting op-amp. As far as op-amp is operating in the linear region, V+ = V-. I hope it will clear your doubt.

  • @indrashispowali
    @indrashispowali Жыл бұрын

    mindblowing

  • @MrAshwindersingh
    @MrAshwindersingh11 ай бұрын

    Thank you

  • @gas-vc2zo
    @gas-vc2zo4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the explation! I am slightly confused on why the time period for the last example is 4us rather than 8us

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 жыл бұрын

    At 2 us the square wave pulse will have a transition. That means it will go from high to low. The output of the op-amp will follow that transition in 2 us. Also here, it has been assumed that the duty cycle of the square wave pulse is 50 %. So it will reapeat after 4 us. I hope you will be able to visualise what i am saying. If you still have any doubt then do let me know here.

  • @gas-vc2zo

    @gas-vc2zo

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS thanks!

  • @amirahassan6489
    @amirahassan64894 жыл бұрын

    Perfect

  • @christiansandhu92
    @christiansandhu922 жыл бұрын

    excellent Thank u

  • @DawitNoname
    @DawitNoname4 ай бұрын

    I would like to thank you for your good learning. But i have question ,,what is the maximum freqency that may be used slew rate 0.5v/microsecond?,,

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 ай бұрын

    It depends, what voltage level you need at the output.

  • @DawitNoname

    @DawitNoname

    4 ай бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS output is not given ,how can i conclude it,give me some assumtions as much as possible.

  • @neffex76
    @neffex762 жыл бұрын

    ty bro

  • @availablenowonwards
    @availablenowonwards4 жыл бұрын

    Crystal clear.. !

  • @srinivasrao8968
    @srinivasrao89682 жыл бұрын

    Nice

  • @subtlechords
    @subtlechords3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @abhilashabhi1918
    @abhilashabhi19185 жыл бұрын

    in the last example what is the use of slew rate of 2 mv

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    5 жыл бұрын

    It will decide the frequency of the triangular wave.

  • @mortenlund1418
    @mortenlund14183 жыл бұрын

    very nice

  • @urmilapathivada2046
    @urmilapathivada20463 жыл бұрын

    Sir, I have got a doubt. Hope you will clear it. What I have actually understood is- In earlier opamps, there is a problem of instability and opamp may break into oscillations. So to avoid this, almost all new opamps are internally compensated . But this leads to reduction of gain even at very low corner frequency. So we add negative feedback which reduces gain and improves bandwidth because gain bandwidth product is constant. Is my understanding correct? Please let me know if I fail somewhere in relating all these things. And what is instability? Why is it happening? Please reply sir. Having an important interview.

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yes, what you understood is correct. In simple terms, instability means, for the bounded input you are not getting bounded output.

  • @spossiblehai8510
    @spossiblehai8510 Жыл бұрын

    How to control slew rate in opamp

  • @siddhuyeribrolu5007
    @siddhuyeribrolu50075 жыл бұрын

    Sir where did you get all these information..

  • @soumyadeepbiswas2315

    @soumyadeepbiswas2315

    4 жыл бұрын

    That he will never tell.

  • @hanumanais3692
    @hanumanais36925 жыл бұрын

    Please u prepared all videos

  • @manavrathod2777
    @manavrathod27773 жыл бұрын

    9:01 Assuming coswt =1 i.e w=0 or t= 0 if t=0 then f infinite if w=0 then f is 0 slew rate =0 plz clarify

  • @abhijithkp881
    @abhijithkp8814 жыл бұрын

    Tommorrow is my Exam and I dont know how to thank you.

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good Luck !!!

  • @quantummusic2322
    @quantummusic23224 жыл бұрын

    Thanks .

  • @IITMIAN_ABHILASH
    @IITMIAN_ABHILASH5 жыл бұрын

    What is the slew rate for rectangularwave What's it formal Sir

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    5 жыл бұрын

    In case of a triangular wave, the slope of the triangular wave is the limiting factor. The output can not go faster than the slew rate, so slop has to be lesser than the slew rate. e.g if SR= 1V/ us And if the triangular wave has a slop of 5V/us, then the output of the op-amp cannot follow the triangular wave and output will be slew rate limited (to 1V/us) I hope it will clear your doubt.

  • @radhikamajji2810
    @radhikamajji28104 жыл бұрын

    is there any video for instrumentation amplifier

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 жыл бұрын

    Yes, please go through the op-amp playlist. You will get it.

  • @pengyang8462
    @pengyang84625 жыл бұрын

    In example2, 4volts need 4 us, so in one period it should need 8 us , isn't it? Because the period have -4 volts? Please correct me if im wrong. Thank you, nice video!

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    5 жыл бұрын

    In example 2, the slew rate of the op-amp is 2V/us. So, to reach 4V, it requires 2us. And the waveform will not fo in negative, because the input square wave pulse only varies from 0 to 10V. So, output triangular wave will at max go up to 4V. And the time period of the output wave will be 4us. I hope it will clear your doubt.

  • @pengyang8462

    @pengyang8462

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, I got that,cheers

  • @shrajanshetty1167
    @shrajanshetty11674 жыл бұрын

    Good

  • @harshachittu
    @harshachittu5 жыл бұрын

    Ur explanation is good but too fast for a beginner.... Please try to slow down in coming lectures...

  • @maiswarya9376
    @maiswarya93763 жыл бұрын

    Hi sir, For the triangular wave time period is 4us but for the square wave it is 2us. And frequency of square wave pulse is asked. so why is it 1/4MHz why not 1/2MHz

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    3 жыл бұрын

    For square wave also, the time period will be 4 us. But it is ON for only 2 us. (2 us ON + 2 us OFF). So overall duration is 4 us. During the ON time of the square wave, there will be a positive slope of the triangular wave at the output, while during the OFF time, there will be a negative slope of the triangular wave. I hope, it will clear your doubt.

  • @maiswarya9376

    @maiswarya9376

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS yes sir, thank you

  • @adityayadav6712
    @adityayadav67124 жыл бұрын

    god level

  • @perigisettysuresh4976
    @perigisettysuresh49763 жыл бұрын

    What is the diff blw raise time and the slew rate?

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    3 жыл бұрын

    Rise time is the time taken by a signal to reach from 10 % to 90 % of the maximum value. While the slew rate defines how fast the output of the op-amp can change. I hope it will clear your doubt.

  • @perigisettysuresh4976

    @perigisettysuresh4976

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS yeah thankyou sir.

  • @deepakkumar-vc4ld
    @deepakkumar-vc4ld3 жыл бұрын

    In example 2 .... square width must be for 2 micro second on and 2 micro second off

  • @viveknepal8959
    @viveknepal89594 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for this awesome explanation....But i have a small question.....can we increase the slew rate of any op-amp???

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 жыл бұрын

    It is the inherent property of the given op- amp.it can't be increased using external components. If the application requires higher slew rate, then it's better to select the op-amp which can provide that slew rate.

  • @viveknepal8959

    @viveknepal8959

    4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much (•‿•)

  • @shivakumart2106
    @shivakumart21066 жыл бұрын

    SUPER

  • @ankitdubey9310
    @ankitdubey93104 жыл бұрын

    i want to personally meet you and thank you

  • @beeralingaiah.h.1740
    @beeralingaiah.h.17405 жыл бұрын

    741 how much frequency we can use?

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    5 жыл бұрын

    741 has gain bandwidth product of 1 MHz, so for small signal unity gain bandwidth is 1 MHz. If you set a gain of 10, then it can be operated up to 100 kHz. For large signal (in Volts), the frequency is limited by the slew rate. The slew rate of 741 is 0.5 uV/s. So, depending on the amplitude of the signal, using the expression discussed in this video, you can find the usable frequency range.

  • @ishaankulkarni49
    @ishaankulkarni493 жыл бұрын

    my viva is tomorrow. Wish me luck boys

  • @greyhound5350

    @greyhound5350

    8 ай бұрын

    All the best :)

  • @ishaankulkarni49

    @ishaankulkarni49

    8 ай бұрын

    thank you :) I passed

  • @kirtiparashar1726

    @kirtiparashar1726

    7 ай бұрын

    My viva is today.. wish me luck guys ✌🏻

  • @sksadiruddin4191

    @sksadiruddin4191

    7 ай бұрын

    @@kirtiparashar1726 well done kaisa geya

  • @kirtiparashar1726

    @kirtiparashar1726

    7 ай бұрын

    ​@@sksadiruddin4191postpone ho gya tha.. ab aaj h.. 2 bje 😅

  • @nararguerrero9839
    @nararguerrero98395 жыл бұрын

    Any book to recommend?

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    5 жыл бұрын

    Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by ramakant gayakwad.

  • @soumyadeepbiswas2315

    @soumyadeepbiswas2315

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS are u kiddin? After reading that book I had to come to ur channel. Suggest something better.

  • @ryuu7706
    @ryuu77064 ай бұрын

    why cant we use formula of sr to find frequency on 11:31

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 ай бұрын

    You mean to say, 1 /SR ?

  • @ryuu7706

    @ryuu7706

    4 ай бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS f

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 ай бұрын

    That is only for sinusoidal signals.

  • @pratikzanak8023
    @pratikzanak80234 жыл бұрын

    5.54? If new input signal has ton=10us And slew rate is 0.5v/us then our output should take 5us to reach 5v???

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    4 жыл бұрын

    Since slew rate is 0.5 v/us, so it will take same 10 us time to reach 5V. But let's say, if on time is 5us, then it would reach only upto 2.5 V. It can't go beyond that because after that, signal goes to zero. So, in that case, we will get a triangular wave output with 2.5 V max.output. I hope it will clear your doubt.

  • @pratikzanak8023

    @pratikzanak8023

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS Ok.. Get it.. Thanks : )

  • @ashifreza6070
    @ashifreza60703 жыл бұрын

    Boss tujhe salam 🙏🙏🙏

  • @MUTHU_KRISHNAN_K
    @MUTHU_KRISHNAN_K2 жыл бұрын

    Sir, in 8:40 of this video, isn't the slew rate is in microsecond and frequency is in second. Don't we need to divide right hand side by 10^6

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    2 жыл бұрын

    The unit of slew rate is V / us. And the unit of frequency is Hz or 1/ sec. I hope, it will clear your doubt.

  • @MUTHU_KRISHNAN_K

    @MUTHU_KRISHNAN_K

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS thank you sir 🙏

  • @ritwiktiwari6517
    @ritwiktiwari65173 жыл бұрын

    Bro, can you solve questions also ? It would help us to apply the theory.

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    3 жыл бұрын

    There is a separate channel for that. ALL ABOUT ELECTRONICS - Quiz. You will find the solved questions on various topics (including op-amp over there). Here is the link: kzread.info/dron/GA2TO8ylVqFHpucwn_6Jlw.html

  • @ritwiktiwari6517

    @ritwiktiwari6517

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS Thank You!!

  • @mcay3971
    @mcay39714 жыл бұрын

    I wonder why you pause before the last word of every sentences :)

  • @hectoregomeze1257
    @hectoregomeze12575 жыл бұрын

    I didn't know Apu was also an Electrical Engineer, please don't be anger, this is justa bad joke XD

  • @MrAshwindersingh
    @MrAshwindersingh11 ай бұрын

    It mean more slew rate should be more is better

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    11 ай бұрын

    Yes, higher slew rate means, opamp can respond to the fast changing signals.

  • @shahalomkhan3056
    @shahalomkhan30562 жыл бұрын

    Language is so so fast.

  • @lemon_and_berry
    @lemon_and_berry28 күн бұрын

    reduce the volume of your intro bro

  • @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    @ALLABOUTELECTRONICS

    28 күн бұрын

    It has been already reduced in the new videos.

  • @lemon_and_berry

    @lemon_and_berry

    28 күн бұрын

    @@ALLABOUTELECTRONICS That's great thank you and your new videos are really really good , thank you again for your great work !!

  • @akhilasree2218
    @akhilasree22184 жыл бұрын

    Simply reading continuously .bad explanation

  • @bhavanishankar2243
    @bhavanishankar22434 жыл бұрын

    Excellent

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