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Glycogen Synthesis & Breakdown - • Glcogen Synthesis & Br...
Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism - • Regulation of Glycogen...
Glycogen Storage Disorders • NEET PG High Yield Top...
When there is low insulin: glucagon ratio, which of the following enzyme is stimulated?
a. Lipoprotein lipase
b. Hormone sensitive lipase
c. Phosphofructokinase I
d. Glycogen synthase
Correct Answer - B
Explanation
Insulin and glucagon are hormones that have opposing effects on metabolism. Insulin is generally an anabolic hormone, promoting the storage of energy, while glucagon is a catabolic hormone, promoting the mobilization of energy stores.
In a situation where there is a low insulin to glucagon ratio, the body would be in a state that favors the mobilization of stored energy, such as the breakdown of fat stores.
Let's analyze the options:
A. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL): LPL plays a key role in hydrolyzing triglycerides in lipoproteins into fatty acids, which can be taken up by tissues. It is more active during fed states when insulin levels are higher, not in situations where insulin is low relative to glucagon.
B. Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL): HSL is an enzyme found in adipose tissue that breaks down stored triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol. This enzyme is stimulated by glucagon and inhibited by insulin. In a situation with a low insulin to glucagon ratio, HSL would be stimulated, leading to the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue. This is the correct option.
C. Phosphofructokinase I (PFK-1): PFK-1 is an enzyme that plays a key role in glycolysis, and it is stimulated by insulin. In a low insulin to glucagon ratio, this enzyme would not be stimulated.
D. Glycogen synthase: Glycogen synthase is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of glycogen. It is active in states where energy is being stored, typically when insulin levels are high. In a situation with a low insulin to glucagon ratio, glycogen synthase would not be stimulated