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A 31-year-old female delivered a 1 kg baby at 31 weeks gestation. The child has hepatosplenomegaly & jaundice. On CT periventricular calcification is seen. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Toxoplasmosis B. Herpes Simplex
C. CMV D. Parvo B 19
Correct Answer - A
Explanation
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): It is one of the TORCH (Toxoplasmosis, Other [including syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19], Rubella, CMV, Herpes simplex) infections, which can cause congenital infections. Congenital CMV infection presents with a variety of symptoms, including hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, and periventricular calcifications. Among the options, the combination of these findings is most consistent with CMV.
Toxoplasmosis: While congenital toxoplasmosis can result in periventricular calcifications, it is also associated with hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis. The combination of hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, and periventricular calcification is more typical for CMV.
Herpes Simplex: Congenital herpes simplex infection can cause a disseminated disease with multiple organ involvement, but it is often more severe and includes vesicular skin lesions. It does not typically result in periventricular calcifications.
Parvo B 19: Parvovirus B19 is known to cause fetal hydrops (non-immune hydrops) and severe anemia in fetuses. It does not characteristically lead to periventricular calcifications.