Mindscape 118 | Adam Riess on the Expansion of the Universe and a Crisis in Cosmology

Ғылым және технология

Astronomers rocked the cosmological world with the 1998 discovery that the universe is accelerating. Well-deserved Nobel Prizes were awarded to Saul Perlmutter, Brian Schmidt, and today’s guest Adam Riess. Adam has continued to push forward on investigating the structure and evolution of the universe. He’s been a leader in emphasizing a curious disagreement that threatens to grow into a crisis: incompatible values of the Hubble constant (expansion rate of the universe) obtained from the cosmic microwave background vs. direct measurements. We talk about where this “Hubble tension” comes from, and what it might mean for the universe.
Adam Riess received his Ph.D. in astronomy from Harvard University. He is currently Bloomberg Distinguished Professor and Thomas J. Barber Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University and a Senior member of the Science Staff at the Space Telescope Science Institute. Among his many awards are the Helen B. Warner Prize of the American Astronomical Society, the Sackler Prize, the Shaw Prize, the Gruber Cosmology Prize, the MacArthur Fellowship, the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics, and the Nobel Prize.
Blog post with audio player, show notes, and transcript: www.preposterousuniverse.com/...
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Пікірлер: 68

  • @Emanresu56
    @Emanresu563 жыл бұрын

    These podcasts make these hard times more bearable.

  • @johnnystoehr3687
    @johnnystoehr36873 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for providing these videos to those lucky enough to view.

  • @sambarta9865
    @sambarta98653 жыл бұрын

    Timestamps would be a lovely addition to your already amazing podcast Sean. Sometimes people want to go back to revisit an idea, or want to skip over parts we are familiar with. Thanks for being you sir. X

  • @mrloop1530
    @mrloop15303 жыл бұрын

    Some of my favorite nighttime stories

  • @timohearn4454
    @timohearn44543 жыл бұрын

    Sean, I love your podcast so much, I found it about a year after you started it. And listened to podcasts all the time. Now unfortunately I have listened to all of them, and certainly re-listened very many. You are by far my favorite "science communicator"(sorry Brian) and not seeing you and the guest on KZread dosent bother me in the slightest. But sometimes when im listening to your podcast and don't have alot going on, I realy wish you could maybe ad some pictures/videos that maybe have something to do with that your talking about. Especially when it comes to cosmology! I of course know that its just you making these, and its so pure and wonderful because of that! But maybe have someone else do some visuals/pictures for you? Some other podcasts have that, and they are not on your level of science experience wich is why I am here 😁 i just wanted to give you an idea possibly. Thank you so much for your podcast it truly inspires me to never stop learning.

  • @andrear.berndt9504
    @andrear.berndt95043 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the new podcast with Highclass Content!

  • @cashkaval
    @cashkaval3 жыл бұрын

    The accelarating universe was the most important astronomical discovery during my childhood. So hearing Adam Riess speaking about it gives me great pleasure. Fascinating episode, thank you Sean Carroll!

  • @mrz3r012
    @mrz3r0123 жыл бұрын

    I love all your podcast, however, these kinds are my absolute favorite!

  • @Stadtpark90
    @Stadtpark903 жыл бұрын

    1:05:42 „This is not a quest to measure a number. This is the quest to do an end-to-end test of the universe and understand why it’s failing!“ - I like that. 1:09:39 lose threads in the sweater vs unraveling the sweater when you tug; maybe we don’t even know how to make a sweater at all

  • @volaireoh883
    @volaireoh8833 жыл бұрын

    Looking forward to this one 👍

  • @colbynye5995
    @colbynye59953 жыл бұрын

    Another fantastic podcast! Thank you Sean!

  • @martinds4895
    @martinds48953 жыл бұрын

    Great podcast. Thanks Sean.

  • @monsieurmitosis
    @monsieurmitosis3 жыл бұрын

    “We’ve all written computer programs that gave the wrong answer.” 😐

  • @tolep
    @tolep3 жыл бұрын

    Why can't we deploy 3 or 5 JWSTs at once? All that R&D is already paid and it's probably 90+ percent of total costs.

  • @orsozapata
    @orsozapata3 жыл бұрын

    Great one

  • @DavidPereira-js5gm
    @DavidPereira-js5gm3 жыл бұрын

    Is it possible to timestamp all questions in further podcast episodes? That would be sweet!

  • @samantha5357
    @samantha53573 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful

  • @muskl9628
    @muskl96283 жыл бұрын

    As Adam mentioned in the interview, the Hubble constant can be measured at high precision (only 1% error margin) using the Cepheid/SNe Ia distance ladder. But what is the precision of the deceleration parameter measurement? The negative value of the deceleration parameter tells us that the universe is accelerating in its expansion, and the discovery of which lead to the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics. Can Adam or Sean please shed light on the current measurement of value of the deceleration parameter and its error margin? Just want to make sure that the 2011 Nobel Prize is still on solid ground.

  • @chimetimepaprika
    @chimetimepaprika3 жыл бұрын

    I have never seen Sean Carroll get savage.

  • @sarojinichelliah5500

    @sarojinichelliah5500

    3 жыл бұрын

    Listen to his savage debat with a theist; and later in a vid this theist remarked Sean was wild . Lol

  • @agnieszkasufin-suliga2972
    @agnieszkasufin-suliga29723 жыл бұрын

    We love you too Sean Carroll!

  • @WalterWartenweilerPrivate
    @WalterWartenweilerPrivate3 жыл бұрын

    Could the idea in the Juno model help here? The constants are all dynamic but related in there.

  • @strangerwithscience3597
    @strangerwithscience35973 жыл бұрын

    20:55 Did dude just say he used seans formulas for his nobel prize???

  • @WTFisatweety

    @WTFisatweety

    3 жыл бұрын

    No, it was a review article.

  • @sarojinichelliah5500

    @sarojinichelliah5500

    3 жыл бұрын

    Sean put the idea for the research into Adam’s mind as he himself was skeptical about the theory of the accerleration of the universe. What a miss for such great man. I wonder whether he has thought of research into the other mysteries of the universe. Sean himself is actually an authority on cosmology.

  • @Stadtpark90
    @Stadtpark903 жыл бұрын

    40:34 you can skip to here if you watched any of Sean‘s talks in the last 15 years.

  • @conexant51

    @conexant51

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thx for the info, though I don't have a photographic memory that reaches 15 years into the past like (at the time of writing) 14 of you apparently have!

  • @737simviator

    @737simviator

    3 жыл бұрын

    Recall for me what happens at 22mins with detail please...Thought so. You need to re watch

  • @bondmode
    @bondmode3 жыл бұрын

    the "you know" constant repetition became close to unbearable towards the end

  • @user-wu8yq1rb9t
    @user-wu8yq1rb9t3 жыл бұрын

    Hello professor I'm waiting for your interview with one of the Physics Nobel laureates (2020). I hope you have a plan for this. Thank you professor

  • @smeer001

    @smeer001

    3 жыл бұрын

    I personally sign onto the idea that the entire universe is many 1000s, if not billions, or trillions of times bigger than the visible universe. If the entire universe is only a few times larger instead, would it be possible to see temperature variations in the CMB that could be connected to super-voids, or super-clusters located between the Background and Earth. What kind of resolution in the CMB would be potentially needed to make this connection? If it was found, I guess we would be then able to determine how big the unseen universe was. I don't expect it to be possible (I believe with the measured flatness, it must be at least 250x bigger).

  • @LiLi-or2gm

    @LiLi-or2gm

    3 жыл бұрын

    Adam Riess IS a Nobel Laureate.

  • @user-wu8yq1rb9t

    @user-wu8yq1rb9t

    3 жыл бұрын

    Of course, he is one the Nobel laureates for universe expansion. But I mean the 2020 winners.

  • @LiLi-or2gm

    @LiLi-or2gm

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@user-wu8yq1rb9t Yes, I see you edited your initial comment after I posted mine.

  • @user-wu8yq1rb9t

    @user-wu8yq1rb9t

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@LiLi-or2gm in this podcast, professor Carroll at the first step said my guest is one the Nobel laureates. Therefore if even someone didn't know it in the past, now she or he knows. Recently we were in the Nobel Prize season. And when I asked my request, I thought my point is obvious. But you are right. I should add more details on my request. Thanks for your comments.

  • @gilbertanderson3456
    @gilbertanderson34563 жыл бұрын

    Sean asked if we are missing something significant in the standard model. I think we are missing several something's, but the most pressing is an inappreciation of what our ignorance of spacetime structure at the Planck scale is leaving out of our model. What about frame dragging? Has no one considered that a SMBH might rip loose a chunk of spacetime to rotate with it and then have several billion years to convince the spacetime occupied by it's galaxy to follow suit? This could perhaps explain Milgrom's observations regarding galactic rotation curves.

  • @ghostrecon3214

    @ghostrecon3214

    3 жыл бұрын

    Rip a chunk of spacetime? What does that even mean? I guess in a model so removed from reality, anything is possible.

  • @gilbertanderson3456

    @gilbertanderson3456

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@ghostrecon3214 It means that if space is discreet at the Planck scale perhaps SMBH gravity can induce regions of spacetime to rotate, which could locally have the effect of a preferred direction, which we could observe in the rotation curves of galaxies. It means that perhaps rotating spacetime in dense superclusters effectively acts as additional mass to lens distant objects. If we continue to insist that GR is valid below the Planck scale, perhaps no progress is possible.

  • @ghostrecon3214

    @ghostrecon3214

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@gilbertanderson3456 Like an eddy current? Oh no, I don't put any limitations on reality, just hope to discover how it works!

  • @dovbarleib3256
    @dovbarleib3256 Жыл бұрын

    Cosmic Entanglement, something that has actually now been proven, is another mountain that needs to be climbed since it truly makes no sense macroscopically.

  • @LoneIgadzra
    @LoneIgadzra3 жыл бұрын

    I think the thing that has to go is the CMB. Just an armchair computer scientist, but the more I learn about how those maps were made the more incredulous I become. The number of image manipulations needed alone should raise red flags to anyone, let alone their arbitrary nature and pure guesswork as to the foreground removal.

  • @alansilverman8500

    @alansilverman8500

    3 жыл бұрын

    Good point!...and the foreground removal doesn't include gravitational lensing effects...

  • @koolguy728

    @koolguy728

    2 жыл бұрын

    You need to be humbled my friend. The CMB is one of the most vetted discoveries ever made. It's a Nobel prize discovery for a reason. It may seem like voodoo to you but I can sure assure you all of those image "manipulations" are well-understood and valid.

  • @thomasbarrack1384
    @thomasbarrack13843 жыл бұрын

    Are we considering our movement in our galaxy in the calculations of the red shift? I mean we are at a very large scale orbiting a galaxy at a very high rate of speed. I know velocity doesn't effect the speed of light, but would it not effect the obsevation of said light? Perhaps the shift? I mean what consequence does our solar system orbiting our galaxy at a high rate of speed effect that shift???

  • @thomasbarrack1384

    @thomasbarrack1384

    3 жыл бұрын

    @EditFast in reference to the center of our galaxy and whatever we are observing. You have to consider the parallax as we do using the earth to measure stars. We're moving in relation to something is my main point. And if we are in the right part of our orbitnjn the galaxy, and going the right direction, the solar system itself may be moving away from what's being observed. Wouldn't that effect the shift?

  • @gilbertanderson3456

    @gilbertanderson3456

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@thomasbarrack1384 You are correct, Earth's relative motion (astronomers call it peculiar motion) does contribute to the redshift of objects we are moving away from and blueshifts objects that we are moving toward. You are also correct that the effect is generally small relative to the redshift of distant objects. The rest frame of the CMB can be used to calculate our motion through the cosmos. You could google "CMB dipole" for more info.

  • @thomasbarrack1384

    @thomasbarrack1384

    3 жыл бұрын

    @moi2833 I'm very skeptical of our conclusions from cosmology observations. Namely the conclusions drawn from the color shift. I feel like there are many more reasons than expansion/inflation that through theoretical methods could be made to "fit" either of theories when it can be interpreted other ways or seen as inconclusive. Just a amateurs opinion and curiousity honestly. Not claiming to know anything substantial. Just a dreamer.m

  • @dovbarleib3256
    @dovbarleib3256 Жыл бұрын

    I think that in order to progress any further in our understanding of the accelerating expansion of the Universe and the 9% tension in the value of the Hubble constant, we need to finally once and for all figure out what 90% of Dark matter is. The fact that 85% of the matter in the universe is unrecognizable and unexplainable should be the almost singular subject of exploration of Cosmologists today. A 9% tension in the value of Hubble's const is chicken feed compared to the Dark matter problem! Most likely, you figure out what Dark matter is, and you will solve this discrepancy. Or maybe Dark Matter being converted to Dark Energy!

  • @Rastlov
    @Rastlov3 жыл бұрын

    Maybe your program was right except you need a negation of your time value. Near galaxies should be moving away faster. Distant galaxies are showing the expansion from eons ago. So maybe universe is actually decelerating.

  • @hamentaschen
    @hamentaschen3 жыл бұрын

    "I'm gonna go get the papers, get the papers"

  • @ivannogolica364
    @ivannogolica3643 жыл бұрын

    David Deutsch please :)

  • @joelhansen8649
    @joelhansen8649 Жыл бұрын

    New information is coming soon from the web telescope observations that will seriously challenge the accelerating universe theory.

  • @williambenzley9570
    @williambenzley95703 жыл бұрын

    Ahh, the dreaded speed of dark.

  • @desgreene2243
    @desgreene22432 жыл бұрын

    Our view of the cosmos has changed hugely in more recent times yet this strange expanded vista seems to have had little or no effect on human affairs on a little planet. Is this failure of philosophy or of science?

  • @yaserthe1
    @yaserthe13 жыл бұрын

    Is it just me, or does it feel like Sean is a bit intimidated by this dude, and trying not to offend him. Also Adam sounds like an angry dude. Why am I getting these vibes.

  • @sarojinichelliah5500

    @sarojinichelliah5500

    3 жыл бұрын

    Adam is a noble prize winner and Sean just wants to hear it from the horses mouth.

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