I'm a veterinary student. This was very helpful! Thank you! Very clear!

this was so helpful, I was completely lost in this subject! until I found this video!

studying these before I take the class, I need all the help I can get ! haha, thank you!

I am also new to this and appreciate this info! I would say sometimes it was a little confusing- there are parts where you talk too fast or too slow and then it's like wait what and I have to rewind. But either way this was great!

Describe veterinary related various types virus structure

also why did you only explain some of the suffixes?

@user-qr7cu2ri4w

7 ай бұрын

1.a-/an- 表示没有，否定 例如：acellular，意思是非细胞的；anemia,意思是贫血 2.ab- 表示远离 例如：abnormal,意思是远离普通的，即不正常的 3.ad- 表示靠近 例如：adrenal，意思是靠近肾的，即肾上腺 4.anti- 表示相对立的，对抗的 例如：antibody,意思是抗体 5.aut-/auto- 表示自身的 例如：autoimmune,意思是自身免疫 6.bi- 表示两个，双倍 例如：bipolar disorder,意思是双向性精神障碍 7.circum- 表示环形，围绕 例如：circumduction，意思是环形运动 8.brady- 表示缓慢的，慢慢的 例如：bradycardia,意思是心动过缓 9.contra- 表示相反，反对 例如：contraindicate，意思是禁忌 10.dys- 表示不好的，坏的，痛苦的 例如：dysfunction，意思是功能失调，功能障碍 11.ecto- 表示在外面 例如：ectopic pregnancy，意思是异位妊娠，或者通俗地成为宫外孕 12.endo- 表示在里面的 例如：endocardium，意思是心内膜 13.epi- 表示在外面的 例如：epicardium，意思是心外膜 14.extra- 表示外面的 例如：extracellular fluid，意思是细胞外液 15.ex-/exo- 表示趋向外的 例如：excision，意思是向外切除的，即切除术；exocrine glands，意思是外分泌腺 16.homeo- 表示稳定的 例如：homeostasis，意思是稳态 17.hyper- 表示高于正常的 例如：hypertension，意思是高血压 18.hypo- 表示低于正常的 例如：hypotension，意思是低血压 19.infra- 表示在…之下 例如：infraorbital region，意思是眶下区 20.intra- 表示在内，内部 例如：intracellular fluid，意思是细胞内液 21.ipsi- 表示相同的，同侧的 例如：ipsilateral，意思是身体同侧的 22.mal- 表示坏的，不正常的 例如：malnutrition，意思是营养不良，营养失调 23.ortho- 表示直的，正确的，正常的 例如：orthopedic，意思是整形外科的 24.para- 表示在附近，在旁边 例如：parathyroid glands，意思是甲状旁腺 25.peri- 表示围绕，四周 例如：pericardium，意思是心包膜 26.retro- 表示在后面的 例如：retroperitoneal，意思是腹膜后的 27.sub- 表示在下面的 例如：subhepatic，意思是肝下的 28.supra- 表示在上面的 例如：suprarenal glands，意思是肾上腺 29.tachy- 表示快速的 例如：tachycardia，意思是心动过速 30.trans- 表示跨越的，穿过的 例如：transhepatic，意思是经过肝脏的 from china~

@user-qr7cu2ri4w

7 ай бұрын

Certainly! The prefixes you provided are commonly used in medical terminology to modify and describe various aspects of anatomy, physiology, and medical conditions. Here's a simplified explanation in English: a-/an-: Without or not. Example: Acellular (without cells), Anemia (lack of blood). ab-: Away from. Example: Abnormal (away from normal). ad-: Toward or near. Example: Adrenal (near the kidneys). anti-: Against or opposing. Example: Antibody (against a body substance). aut-/auto-: Self. Example: Autoimmune (immune response against oneself). bi-: Two or double. Example: Bipolar disorder (a mental disorder with two mood extremes). circum-: Around or surrounding. Example: Circumduction (movement in a circular manner). brady-: Slow. Example: Bradycardia (abnormally slow heart rate). contra-: Against or opposite. Example: Contraindicate (to advise against). dys-: Bad, difficult, or painful. Example: Dysfunction (impaired or abnormal functioning). ecto-: Outside or external. Example: Ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the uterus). endo-: Inside or within. Example: Endocardium (inner layer of the heart). epi-: Upon or above. Example: Epicardium (outer layer of the heart). extra-: Outside or beyond. Example: Extracellular fluid (fluid outside the cells). ex-/exo-: Outward or external. Example: Excision (surgical removal), Exocrine glands (glands with external secretion). homeo-: Similar or constant. Example: Homeostasis (maintenance of a stable internal environment). hyper-: Excessive or above normal. Example: Hypertension (high blood pressure). hypo-: Below or deficient. Example: Hypotension (low blood pressure). infra-: Below or beneath. Example: Infraorbital region (below the eye). intra-: Within or inside. Example: Intracellular fluid (fluid inside the cells). ipsi-: Same or on the same side. Example: Ipsilateral (on the same side of the body). mal-: Bad or abnormal. Example: Malnutrition (poor nutrition). ortho-: Straight, correct, or normal. Example: Orthopedic (pertaining to the correction of deformities). para-: Beside or near. Example: Parathyroid glands (glands near the thyroid). peri-: Around or surrounding. Example: Pericardium (membrane around the heart). retro-: Behind or backward. Example: Retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum). sub-: Below or under. Example: Subhepatic (below the liver). supra-: Above or beyond. Example: Suprarenal glands (glands above the kidneys). tachy-: Fast or rapid. Example: Tachycardia (abnormally fast heart rate). trans-: Across or through. Example: Transhepatic (across or through the liver). here you go~