Mathematicians explains Fermat's Last Theorem | Edward Frenkel and Lex Fridman

Ғылым және технология

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: • Edward Frenkel: Realit...
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Edward Frenkel is a mathematician at UC Berkeley working on the interface of mathematics and quantum physics. He is the author of Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality.
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Пікірлер: 142

  • @LexClips
    @LexClips Жыл бұрын

    Full podcast episode: kzread.info/dash/bejne/gaecko-DY7eYnrw.html Lex Fridman podcast channel: kzread.info Guest bio: Edward Frenkel is a mathematician at UC Berkeley working on the interface of mathematics and quantum physics. He is the author of Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality.

  • @Kysil.A.G

    @Kysil.A.G

    Жыл бұрын

    Fermat's Great Theorem 1637 - 2016 ! I proved on 09/14/2016 the ONLY POSSIBLE proof of the Fermat's Great! Theorem (Fermata!). I can pronounce the formula for the proof of Fermat's Great Theorem: 1 - Fermat's Great Theorem NEVER! and nobody! NOT! HAS BEEN PROVEN !!! 2 - proven! THE ONLY POSSIBLE proof of Fermat's Great Theorem ! 3 - Fermat's Great Theorem is proved universally-proven for all numbers ! 4 - Fermat's Great Theorem is proven in the requirements of himself! Fermata 1637 y. 5 - Fermat's Great Theorem proved in 2 pages of a notebook ! 6 - Fermat's Great Theorem is proved in the apparatus of Diophantus arithmetic ! 7 - The proof of the great Fermat's Great Theorem, as well as the formulation, is easy for a student of the 5th grade of the school to understand !!! 8 - Me! opened the GREAT! A GREAT Mystery! Fermat's Great Theorem ! (not a "simple" "mechanical" proof)

  • @vicheakeng6894

    @vicheakeng6894

    11 ай бұрын

    Explicit formula or recursion formula ? Infinite ♾️ or pie=3.? The patterns 1,4,7,10,13

  • @TheDevdas13

    @TheDevdas13

    10 ай бұрын

    Pt Y9

  • @user-tb5jr6cm7y

    @user-tb5jr6cm7y

    3 ай бұрын

    I can pronounce the formula for the proof of Fermat's Great Theorem: 1 - Fermat's Great Theorem NEVER! and nobody! NOT! HAS BEEN PROVEN !!! 2 - proven! THE ONLY POSSIBLE proof of Fermat's Great Theorem ! 3 - Fermat's Great Theorem is proved universally-proven for all numbers ! 4 - Fermat's Great Theorem is proven in the requirements of himself! Fermata 1637 y. 5 - Fermat's Great Theorem proved in 2 pages of a notebook ! 6 - Fermat's Great Theorem is proved in the apparatus of Diophantus arithmetic ! 7 - The proof of the great Fermat's Great Theorem, as well as the formulation, is easy for a student of the 5th grade of the school to understand !!! 8 - Me! opened the GREAT! A GREAT Mystery! Fermat's Great Theorem ! (not a "simple" "mechanical" proof

  • @BeatPoet67
    @BeatPoet67 Жыл бұрын

    Edward is such a great communicator, is obviously brilliant and yet projects no ego which seeks to diminish the average man. Rare qualities. Bravo!

  • @worshaka
    @worshaka Жыл бұрын

    I'm pretty sure working on Fermat's Last Theorem was considered professional suicide which was another reason why Andrew Wiles worked on it in secret. So many mathematicians had tried to solve it and failed over the centuries it had a stigma of being a problem you could waste your career on.

  • @N.I.R.A.T.I.A.S.
    @N.I.R.A.T.I.A.S. Жыл бұрын

    I have a truly marvelous reaction to this video that this comment section is too narrow to contain.

  • @barrym5310

    @barrym5310

    Жыл бұрын

    Try and others may add to your effort, thus widening the comment section.

  • @kurtboreri5127

    @kurtboreri5127

    Жыл бұрын

    😅

  • @sarnxero2628

    @sarnxero2628

    Жыл бұрын

    Too narrow for your big head? 🥱

  • @jamauldrew

    @jamauldrew

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah bro… keep telling yourself that.

  • @pigslave3

    @pigslave3

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@jamauldrew it's a meta joke 😂😂😂

  • @EndlessSpaghetti
    @EndlessSpaghetti Жыл бұрын

    Loved his explanation of the Riemann Hypothesis on Numberphile.

  • @conforzo

    @conforzo

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes. Even for a non-math person the problem was explained very clearly

  • @theherk

    @theherk

    Жыл бұрын

    @@conforzo that’s the most frustrating thing about the Reimann Hypothesis. Simple to understand, yet extremely difficult to prove. He does a remarkable job of explaining it though.

  • @mcasariego

    @mcasariego

    Жыл бұрын

    Good old numberphile

  • @George-tw2kk

    @George-tw2kk

    16 күн бұрын

    If you fully understand tell me why 1+2+3+.... =-1/12 (in analytic). This remain a mistery to me

  • @richardadams8790
    @richardadams8790 Жыл бұрын

    An episode of Star Trek TNG that aired in 1989 had Captain Picard discussing the “unsolved” Fermat’s Last Theorem. This is an awesome goof because although the story takes place in the distant future, it was created five years before the proof was published.

  • @bunnyben5607

    @bunnyben5607

    Жыл бұрын

    That's not a goof, that's just time. Goofs refer to preventable mistakes, but there was no way the writers could have known it would be solved that quickly.

  • @comedyislyf

    @comedyislyf

    3 ай бұрын

    Or they can explain it away by saying that the theorem would remain unsolved for many more years in the future in that particular timeline? 😃

  • @frankcoverjr.-jz3ne
    @frankcoverjr.-jz3ne4 ай бұрын

    I tried proving this theorem and quickly learned the difference between a math student and a mathematician!

  • @zyubat
    @zyubat Жыл бұрын

    Amazing. Please more people like him

  • @kichigan1
    @kichigan1 Жыл бұрын

    The premise for Fermat's Last Theorem is not difficult to understand. Solve it, though, took around 300 years. There's a book by Simon Singh called Fermat's Last Theorem for non-mathematicians. It talks about the story and the history behind the problem.

  • @jyly261

    @jyly261

    Жыл бұрын

    I read it and it's a really beautiful book, even for people studying mathematics like me.

  • @Entropize1
    @Entropize1 Жыл бұрын

    Fermat proved the theorem for fourth powers (in fact, he proved a stronger statement for fourth powers). Euler (almost) proved the theorem for cubes, but his proof had a gap that was later filled in.

  • @calebwhales
    @calebwhales Жыл бұрын

    It really is like an adventure story. Max Tegmark tells a similar adventure-like story regarding decoherence in his book Our Mathematical Universe, if anyone's interested.

  • @FortYeah
    @FortYeah Жыл бұрын

    The most charming mathematician I've ever heard !

  • @alvarofernande833
    @alvarofernande833 Жыл бұрын

    This guy is amazing, pls bring him again

  • @jamesknapp64
    @jamesknapp64 Жыл бұрын

    Fermat proved the case n = 4; Euler did the case of n = 3 (well he has credit for it; its a bit complicated) and other people have credit for specific exponents up to n = 11.

  • @42BassMaster42
    @42BassMaster423 ай бұрын

    He’s so proud of his tweet he said it out loud.

  • @holeesheet8582
    @holeesheet8582 Жыл бұрын

    Please bring more mathematicians.....

  • @samiehessi8163
    @samiehessi8163 Жыл бұрын

    Great guest! I've watched his videos in the past and they were always inspirational. I almost didn't recognize him until I heard his voice. His accent is so mathematician that can make anyone who listen to him long enough to pursue math for his career ;)

  • @floreaciprian9742

    @floreaciprian9742

    Жыл бұрын

    numberphile brought me here

  • @BuleriaChk
    @BuleriaChk24 күн бұрын

    In order for the multiplication operator to exist, both its elements must exist. Russell's Paradox: 1^2 1 # = 2 = 1+1 (first order) Then #^2 = (1 + 1)^2 = [1^2 + 1^2] + [2(1)(1)] = 4(1^2) (second order - via Binomial Expansion) where the first term is existence and the second is interaction (multiiplication, entanglement, entropy) Note that existence and interaction are not 4D (1,1,1,1) which diagonal is 4 elements without multiplication. Every number is prime relative to its own base. n = n(n/n) = n(1_n) Goldbach's Theorem: every even number is the sum of two primes: n + n = 2n n is odd. Godel's characterization of wff's in his meta-language only uses odd numbers (products of primes). Therefore, the sums of odd numbers (even numbers) cannot be represented by his wff's. In cluding products of sums (a + b)^2 in second order. So it is just Goedel's meta-language that is incomplete, not positive real numbers. Together with Fermat's Last Theorem (applied to multinomials of arbitray powers), the arithmetic system is complete and consistent for positive real numbers. There are no negative numbers: -c = a - b, b > a b - c = a, a + 0 = a, a - a = 0.. If there are no negative numbers, there are no square roots of negative numbers. Proof of Fermat's Theorem for Village Idiots (n>2) c = a + b c^n = a^n + b^n +f(a,b,n) (Binomial Expansion) c^n = a^n + b^n iff f(a,b,n) = 0 f(a,b,n)0 c^n a^n + b^n QED Also valid for n > 1 c^2 = [a^2 + b^2] + [2ab]] 2ab 0 c^2 a^2 + b^2 QED (Pythagoras was wrong; use your imagination) Check out my pdfs in physicsdiscussionforum "dot" org.

  • @AnyaGlows
    @AnyaGlows24 күн бұрын

    Isn’t it the case of Euclid 2dwith parallel lines axiom vs other geometry sphere hyperbola geometry or Poincaré 2d ?

  • @PopeLando
    @PopeLando9 ай бұрын

    They begin by explaining what Fermat's Last Theorem is, something anybody with basic math can understand. Tony Padilla in a Numberphile video mistakenly said that the Collatz Conjecture is one of the $1m Millennium Problems, and I realised why that was not true, and why, if it had not been proved before 2001, Fermat would also not be one of the Millennium Problems. If Fermat WAS added to the Millennium Problems, it would have been the only problem that this would be true of: that it can be understood by someone with elementary school math. All the other Millennium Problems are very deep, complex math that you have to be a postgrad to even understand what the problem is! Whereas Fermat is "Prove why the sum of two like integer powers higher than the second power is never the same power of an integer."

  • @ben_spiller

    @ben_spiller

    6 ай бұрын

    The P vs NP problem can be understood by anyone with only elementary math.

  • @jimluebke3869
    @jimluebke38692 ай бұрын

    One way I found to look at Fermat's Last Theorem, was to see it as a delta not as a sum. In other words, it's obvious that the difference between any two consecutive squares, is the set of all odd numbers. Some odd numbers are also squares. So far so good. If you could look at the entire set of all the differences between any two cubes, and demonstrate that for some reason that no cubes could be included in that set, you might then generalize that to any whole-number exponent.

  • @hendrix2478
    @hendrix2478 Жыл бұрын

    There's an old BBC doc on this.

  • @AnyaGlows
    @AnyaGlows24 күн бұрын

    Also choice of space as it real numbers or etc dimentions

  • @sidzifus7083
    @sidzifus708311 ай бұрын

    Well, an analogue to FLT could be there do not exist a,b,c,d positive integers, e,f positive integers and n>=3 positive integer such that: a^n+b^n+c^n+d^n=e^n+f^n. Somebody tries this conjecture.

  • @stridedeck
    @stridedeck Жыл бұрын

    Visually it is easy to demonstrate! For x2 + y2 = z2 is a square sharing the hypothesis (multiply opposite sides: side x times opposite side x + side y x opposite side y = shared z x shared z [itself] ) BTW, this is a 2D triangle and 2D square. However, for any other, such as a cube, or 4th power, etc. there is no shared z face for all 6 faces of a cube as this is no longer a 2D figure, but 3D, 4D, etc. For example, top and bottom faces will not share z face just the top and bottom line of z.

  • @stridedeck

    @stridedeck

    Жыл бұрын

    @@macminty_ So, what will be the geometric shape of an object when n=3? a cube? I interpreted an imaginary shape in which the top and bottom faces will only intersect z line and not the z face. Because, would it not be an extension of the 2D triangle (or 2D square) when n=2.

  • @stridedeck

    @stridedeck

    Жыл бұрын

    @@macminty_ So basically, what you are stating is that when n is greater than 2, the geometrical object becomes an abstraction. Also, for z will not be able to face all the geometrical faces, like z does in the 2D triangle as in that situation z increases when the other sides increase in proportional ratio. I hope you can see what I am trying to get at.

  • @mrjozo-pr6ih
    @mrjozo-pr6ih Жыл бұрын

    thank you for this

  • @venkybabu8140
    @venkybabu814011 ай бұрын

    Energy propagates always orthogonal to the direction of mass movement. Speed is the link.

  • @at1with0
    @at1with0 Жыл бұрын

    That picture of Wiles shows a board with a false statement because he should have said nontrivial because x=y=z=0 is an integer solution for all n>=3.

  • @user-tf7uo9tv8d
    @user-tf7uo9tv8d Жыл бұрын

    lol - I remember when Taniyama - Shimura was just a conjecture...

  • @husamismael8926
    @husamismael8926 Жыл бұрын

    sorry lex clips guy, im pretty sure its just one mathematician not multiple mathematicians

  • @BuleriaChk
    @BuleriaChk Жыл бұрын

    Proof of Fermat's Last Theorem (6 Lines) Hypothesis c^n a^n + b^n for all a,b,c, n positive real numbers Proof Let c,a,b, n be positive real numbers, n > 1 (so n>2 is automatic) Define addition as : c = a + b c^n = (a + b)^n = [a^n + b^n] + f(a,b,n) (Binomial expansion on r.h.s.) c^n = [a^n + b^n] iff f(a,b,n) = 0 f(a,b,n) 0 c^n [a^n + b^n] Also true for multinomials of any order, so system is complete and consistent (see Godel Urban legend says this proof was discovered within three days after its appearance by a math "C" student, who was then hustled away by the men in black (or white) coats, never to be heard from again. OTH, you may have read it here first. Please tell Dr. Wiles...

  • @syedabsar6377
    @syedabsar6377 Жыл бұрын

    I think I’m going to fall in love with Mathematics after watching this. I’m 33.

  • @Adrian-me4qz

    @Adrian-me4qz

    2 ай бұрын

    It's such a beautiful subject 😊

  • @Vinnnyyy
    @Vinnnyyy Жыл бұрын

    The answer is 42

  • @sidzifus7083
    @sidzifus7083 Жыл бұрын

    Fermat may have made a distinction between the simple identities which we encounter in algebra like (a+b)^2=a^2+2ab+b^2 , a^3_b^3=(a_b)(a^2+ab+b^2) and the derived identities like Euclid's identity: (m^2_n^2)^2+(2mn)^2=(m^2+n^2)^2 in the following sense: The first identities are simple , in the sense that they stand alone , they are immediately given. The others like Euclid's were derived and have the property of bridging the gap between the set of couples (E=3 , there is no such a connecting identity, an identity of Euclid's type. Numeration cannot apply to a,b,c if a^n+b^n=c^n , n>=3, therefore they do not exist.

  • @theflaggeddragon9472

    @theflaggeddragon9472

    Жыл бұрын

    The equation y^2 = x^3 +1 also has no such rational parametrization, but it admits integer solutions (3,2), (-3,2), same with x^3 + y^3 + z^3 = 3, etc. Rational parametrizations help find solutions, but not prove that their aren't any.

  • @sidzifus7083

    @sidzifus7083

    Жыл бұрын

    @@theflaggeddragon9472 Yet the equation x^2+y^2=z^2 , has its true meaning in an identity. The Euclid's identity. Your equation solvable by writing x^2_x+1=y and y=x+1, these two relations are the meaning of this equation when we require x and y to belong to Z.

  • @sidzifus7083
    @sidzifus708311 ай бұрын

    I spoke with one disciple of Pythagoras; Yes they are still around since the 5th century b.c. I told him about the Fermat's conjecture; I could see the anger, the dismay in his eyes. He says to me That Fermat is guilty of a great sin in the eyes of the Pythagorician fraternity. That it was sinful and devilish to even suggest that the expression a^n+b^n=c^n where a,b,c are integers and n an integer >=3, was worthy of consideration for, he rejected one of our core beliefs, actually our main first principle. In our eyes the sphere , this perfect geometrical figure actually, the circle this perfect geometrical figure and unity are identical, which seem bizarre and paradoxycal to the neophyte. Our Master Pythagoras may he dwell in the realm of numbers left his theorem for posterity. The meaning of his great theorem, given that the one, the unit is identical to the sphere, the circle , this perfect geometrical shape is that the one, the unit can be written as the sum of the squares of two rationnal numbers. Fermat's great sin is to suggest otherwise! That the one , the unit could be written as the sum of two powers greater than 2 of rationnal numbers. Such a doubter is anathema to us. And he goes with a cruel smirk on his face, too bad he was not in the 5th century b.c. I tried to explain to him that beautiful mathematics came out of this consideration , the latest of which was Wiles beautiful work, which resulted in the proof of Fermat's conjecture as a corollary. He starred at me silently , contemptuously. I decided to cut short the discussion and split. I thought I understood why Fermat sinned greatly in their eyes. He suggested that a more perfect geometrical figure could exist , more perfect than the sphere , than the circle!

  • @xyzzyx62
    @xyzzyx62 Жыл бұрын

    эх, придется видимо заказать его книжку

  • @leom1044
    @leom1044 Жыл бұрын

    It’s math teacher Jamie Lannister!

  • @BuleriaChk
    @BuleriaChk Жыл бұрын

    Proof of Goldbach's conjecture define 1_n := n/n 1_m = 1_n iff m = n Then n = n(1_n) for all n (All numbers are prime relative to their own base) The n + n = 2n QED Send beer and pizza

  • @Age_of_Apocalypse
    @Age_of_Apocalypse Жыл бұрын

    I haven't yet finished watching the whole - GREAT - discussion with Edward Frenkel, but I have serious doubt that Fermat had a proof of his last theorem. It took 350 years to find that proof and they did it indirectly by solving another - equivalent - problem; so Fermat, if you had a proof, she wasn't correct. 🤔

  • @user-xu3cc5bb2b
    @user-xu3cc5bb2b4 ай бұрын

    in one of my comments presented an elementary proof of wiles theorem(FLT.the proof is using a second factorization of the binomX^N +Y^N.using this second factorization of this bind find a second proof of wiles theorem(FLT.good luck.As you see i claim to discover tow elementary proofs of FLT.now i claim too to be able to prove collate conjecture.and i am only an amateur.

  • @seanmiller7889
    @seanmiller7889 Жыл бұрын

    This fellow is amazing! Embarrassed I don't know his name... He's like Max Tegmark without the ticks.

  • @brazenzebra
    @brazenzebra Жыл бұрын

    Wouldn't it be odd if the Modularity Theorem, the key to proving Fermat's Last Theorem, also turns out to be the key in proving Riemann's Hypothesis? Maybe Ken Ribet can make another connection?

  • @theflaggeddragon9472

    @theflaggeddragon9472

    Жыл бұрын

    How? Modularity gives an analytic continuation for L-functions of elliptic curves. The analytic continuation of the Riemann zeta function was well understood before modularity.

  • @lerubikscubetherubikscube2813
    @lerubikscubetherubikscube2813 Жыл бұрын

    Imagine if fermat knew this problem was impossibly difficult and just decided to troll us.

  • @spdcrzy
    @spdcrzy Жыл бұрын

    The conjecture is called Taniyama-Shimura/Taniyama-Weil/Taniyama-Shimura-Weil conjecture, AKA the modularity theorem - please rename the section.

  • @jackiwannapaint3042
    @jackiwannapaint3042 Жыл бұрын

    I want to take his class!

  • @BuleriaChk
    @BuleriaChk Жыл бұрын

    Russell's Paradox "A barber in a village shaves all those and only those that don't shave themselves. Does the barber shave himself?? - Bertrand Russell Answer: The barber doesn't exist (a barber cant both shave and not shave himself) This is actually an expression of the relation 1^2 1 (a unit cannot both multiply and not multiply itself). not an relation in set theory. well, ok (1,1^2) are independent sets...... x dot x^2 = 0 x cross x^2 = 0 (polynomials f = 1 + x + x^2 + .... x^n = Tr|M | as bases for sets 1 dot x = 0)

  • @giovannirojas3952
    @giovannirojas3952 Жыл бұрын

    Bring Grigori Perelman!

  • @misticoabadaba8965
    @misticoabadaba8965 Жыл бұрын

    Para mi, los matemáticos se cansaron y aceptaron un camino muy complicado y de 100 páginas por lo que solo un número mínimo de matemáticos entiende cual es la prueba. Aquí un enfoque diferente hacia el Último Teorema en una sola página: kzread.info/dash/bejne/X56ko4-topmep9o.html

  • @akahodgins
    @akahodgins29 күн бұрын

    So in love for the last time EVER EVER EVER ❤

  • @tahamuhammad5962
    @tahamuhammad5962Ай бұрын

    Hello Professor Jay Daigle, I am looking forward to meeting you online 4/26/2024 about my presentation of Collatz Sequence. Taha M. Muhammad/ USA Kurd Iraq Owner of Collatz, Euler, and Fermat's both last Theories

  • @sidzifus7083
    @sidzifus7083 Жыл бұрын

    You can't start with c=a+b.

  • @BuleriaChk
    @BuleriaChk Жыл бұрын

    Note that the equation of a circle is wrong: c= a + b c^2 = a^2 + b^2 + 2ab c^2 = a^2 + b^2 iff 2ab = 0 2ab 0 c^2 a^2 + b^2 (I edited this for the inequality; for some reason I had it equal originally which didn't make sense given the previous line. My bad, sorry .. :) Please work this out for a 5,4,3 right triangle, and note that 5:= 4 + 3i 55* = 16 + 9 = 25 BUT i = sqr(-1) i^2 = sqr(-1)sqr(-1)= sqr[(-1)(-1)] = sqr(1^2) = 1 -1 This has profound consequences for conventional physics (Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, QFT) Much more to this story, but I don't have the spacetime to write it here; write if you get work... :) (I have developed a lot of it in pdfs, which are available on request.)

  • @martinpaddle

    @martinpaddle

    Жыл бұрын

    why don't you publish it? I can't make sense of what you wrote there, maybe formulate what you are trying to prove more clearly?

  • @marcyeo1

    @marcyeo1

    Жыл бұрын

    i^2 != sqrt[(-1)(-1)], this is markedly incorrect. You cannot combine square roots like this for complex values.

  • @BuleriaChk

    @BuleriaChk

    Жыл бұрын

    @@marcyeo1 Why not? (Number lines are not vectors) In fact, negative numbers do not exist (so neither do their square roots).. -c = a-b, b>a b-c = a a-a = 0 a=a x+1=0 iff x=-1 -1+1 = 0 1=1 i^4 = (i^2)(i^2) =(-1)(-1) = 1 ??? 1=sqr[(-1)(-1)] = sqr[(i^2)(i^2)] = sqr[i^4] = 1

  • @brosisjk3993

    @brosisjk3993

    4 ай бұрын

    Nice bait

  • @peeedurr
    @peeedurr Жыл бұрын

    1:38 you'll thank me.

  • @Effecenity6942
    @Effecenity6942 Жыл бұрын

    You don’t want to dig a hole ...

  • @shamurevolt
    @shamurevolt Жыл бұрын

    My greatest intellectual achievement was walking around the park. You have to be bored enough to let your mind wander, and imagine, and fill in the empty space.

  • @barak363363
    @barak363363 Жыл бұрын

    10:50

  • @elannovick1920
    @elannovick1920 Жыл бұрын

    Lex and Andrew Wiles would be a great episode

  • @vicheakeng6894
    @vicheakeng68947 ай бұрын

    0:00

  • @jmctigret
    @jmctigret Жыл бұрын

    I going outside to make mud mud pies now!

  • @reuben8856
    @reuben8856 Жыл бұрын

    I can relate to the feeling of being the only person who possesses a piece of valuable knowledge. I'm a composer who explores and uses harmony in ways that I have never heard elsewhere. It's lonely not because I don't want to share it, but because I don't know anyone who is actually interested.

  • @Boyanspookclaw

    @Boyanspookclaw

    11 ай бұрын

    Give me a shot

  • @mavzolej
    @mavzolej Жыл бұрын

    A businessman once told me that it's hard to attract scientists to industry because they have very different motivation. They care about their ego, not money. They want to be a first author on the paper instead of their results being owned by a company. In most fields we do care, to a certain extent, about ownership of ideas. For example, on biology conferences you oftentimes can't make photos of slides. But unfortunately this egoism reaches its most disguising forms in math, where people never share their best ideas for the sake of accelerating the research. Interestingly enough, in physics they situation is quite different, as there scientists oftentimes "speculate" on certain things, mainly to initiate a discussion.

  • @epicmarschmallow5049

    @epicmarschmallow5049

    11 ай бұрын

    Mathematics is mostly collaborative, with professor's within departments working together on problems. Most landmark results are either the product of sequences of people each adding a bit to the eventual solution, or a collaboration by a large number of people. The idea that mathematicians hide their research from everyone else is completely incorrect

  • @JRush374
    @JRush374 Жыл бұрын

    Fermat was probably lying/trolling but had the audacity to make the claim knowing that someone might use the claim as a clue that it could be done, inspiring others to work on it. Just like Frankel mentions here with Wiles.

  • @justinsutter3602

    @justinsutter3602

    Жыл бұрын

    Fermat later in his life proved the case for N=4 via infinite decent so it seems to be accepted thought he believed he had a proof and later realized he didn't but never intended his note in Arithmetica be read by anyone. To me, the mystery is why for hundreds of years people pursued the proof ignoring the timeline showing that he didn't (Why say a general proof then years later specifically prove case for N=4).

  • @MuffinsAPlenty

    @MuffinsAPlenty

    11 ай бұрын

    ​@@justinsutter3602 In regards to your last sentence, just because people sought _a_ proof doesn't mean that they specifically sought _the_ "claimed" proof in the margin. It's a somewhat interesting problem that's easy to "get into" which no one had yet solved. This is a recipe for a lot of people to work on it.

  • @justinsutter3602

    @justinsutter3602

    11 ай бұрын

    @@MuffinsAPlenty Yes I agree. I find the whole story of this problem and sought of proof fascinating.

  • @epicmarschmallow5049

    @epicmarschmallow5049

    11 ай бұрын

    I imagine he just had a flawed proof that he thought was correct

  • @inemanja
    @inemanja Жыл бұрын

    I understand why antisemitism exists. The world is full of ignorant people. But I'll never understand how is it possible for things like antisemitism to exist in such a place full of world-class intellectuals (Soviet Mathematicians)

  • @7orqu3
    @7orqu3 Жыл бұрын

    why would it matter if they were negative if they were being squared

  • @MagicScorpio

    @MagicScorpio

    Жыл бұрын

    For classifying numbers, Natural are all positive whole numbers. When you include negatives, that class is called Integers. Integers also contain 0, which would be cheating or give results like a2 = c2. So to easily define the rules, Natural numbers is the correct term.

  • @martinpaddle

    @martinpaddle

    Жыл бұрын

    this comment was not about terminology. I think the point was that when restricting Fermat's Theorem to even powers, you can also allow negative numbers, as the sign disappears. It's potentially different with odd powers, but you can reduce that case easily to the case of natural numbers too (if you exclude using 0)

  • @jackadoni
    @jackadoni11 ай бұрын

    When it takes 4minutes and 31 seconds in to simply begin to explain fermat's last theorem after being asked you can begin to understand why math is flagging in america. I have a proof as to why but the ....

  • @RustedBuddy5192

    @RustedBuddy5192

    3 ай бұрын

    Well?...... what? You lost it? Unbelievable...... *Scrambles to find the proof myself in secret*

  • @indibarsarkar3936
    @indibarsarkar3936 Жыл бұрын

    ❤❤❤

  • @vicheakeng6894
    @vicheakeng6894 Жыл бұрын

    BINGO

  • @SamOlisson-tf1ic
    @SamOlisson-tf1ic7 күн бұрын

    If i cloud to sead on back stage further troupe Key note thé ascendant number WE take a choycess récolte between daily for remember Time at s.l c compté Samer by solitude and a coriaces aid in webley stadium if WE Can t give Samer or weeklly regroupe to filer Mike attitude formulate a carburating sell in march of palestine

  • @richardhunn9737
    @richardhunn9737 Жыл бұрын

    It was a nerd joke. He'd made a nerd joke. Everybody knew it was just Pythagorean Theorem. I've been wondering if the guy whom solved it merely proved you can't have more than three-dimensional space. And am too unintellectual to care.

  • @JamesJoyce12
    @JamesJoyce12 Жыл бұрын

    As a former management consultant - can I observe - if you can't spell Pythagoras then no one is going to listen to everything else you have to say.

  • @ChrisContin
    @ChrisContin Жыл бұрын

    Define f(a)=a^n, for any n at all (integers fine). Now, f(a) + f(b) = f(c) is the new equation, which is always feasible for any continuous line. All n are possible, if all functions f(a) are lines (turn curves into lines, as example). Yay! Hooray! Thanks for listening.

  • @estolee5485

    @estolee5485

    Жыл бұрын

    What on earth did I just read? For large n, f(a) is not a line. "Turn curves into lines" makes no sense. Not even sure what point you are trying to make. This is just a mess of a comment.

  • @ChrisContin

    @ChrisContin

    Жыл бұрын

    @@estolee5485 Take the (n-1) derivative of even large n, is one way. “This comment makes no sense.” You are ready to insult someone but haven’t seen even slightly a reason why?

  • @estolee5485

    @estolee5485

    Жыл бұрын

    @The Jealous God I'm not insulting you, just trying to get to understand what you are claiming, which I still don't know. Knowing what you are trying to show would be a good start. That being said, taking derivatives doesn't make much sense here. If you want to replace f(a) by its (n-1)th derivative, that doesn't say anything about the original equation. So you might be insinuating that we can take some kind of partial derivative of the whole equation with respect to each variable in a sort of "piecewise" fashion where each term gets replaced by its corresponding partial derivative, which obviously doesn't tell us anything about the original equation. All you've done is said a+b=c in that case.

  • @ChrisContin

    @ChrisContin

    Жыл бұрын

    @@estolee5485 Sure, let’s walk through it. The difficulty in the original a^n + b^n = c^n is in how unusual each power of n is to each other. I realized that motion along each curve of n is independent of it’s relationship to other curves. So each curve is like unrelated to others, and the entire set of all dimensions simplifies to a line. The use of information from the equation needs to be “re-elevated” back into relation with other curves, but the solutions are clearly shown to exist for all n. It is a + b = c. So easy! But the basis is exactly the curve (for any power n) when implementing along it.

  • @estolee5485

    @estolee5485

    Жыл бұрын

    @The Jealous God "The entire set of all dimensions" doesn't mean anything here. You will have to explain what you mean by that. You will also have to explain why each term simplifies to a line. You will also need to explain that even if that is the case, how that implies anything about the original equation. "The basis is a curve"... I don't see any vector spaces here, nor do I see how a curve can be a basis, so you will have to explain that. And lastly, I would also appreciate if you explained what you are trying to prove. I still don't know

  • @KlausRosenberg-et2xv
    @KlausRosenberg-et2xv3 ай бұрын

    Why do people pronounce the letter Z as "zee"? It's not like that, the correct way is "zeta".

  • @talananiyiyaya8912
    @talananiyiyaya8912 Жыл бұрын

    Pytgagoras. Fire your editor.

  • @baboozkilla
    @baboozkilla Жыл бұрын

    MMAT to the moon

  • @minmb82
    @minmb82 Жыл бұрын

    Ex soviet jews ftw.

  • @dagothur5595

    @dagothur5595

    Жыл бұрын

    There called bolshiviks .

  • @lucasglowacki4683

    @lucasglowacki4683

    Жыл бұрын

    The best Jews in the land!😬👌🏼

  • @lenyabloko

    @lenyabloko

    Жыл бұрын

    Lex must interview Grigori Perelman.

  • @ifyoureadthisyoudi

    @ifyoureadthisyoudi

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@lenyabloko he is too busy picking mushrooms

  • @SolarWarden88

    @SolarWarden88

    Ай бұрын

    ​@@lenyabloko💯

  • @cazzone
    @cazzone11 ай бұрын

    the subtitles are hilarious

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