Inside a Quantum Computer! with Andrea Morello (Part 1 of 2)

Ғылым және технология

An in-depth look at the engineering inside a quantum computer, and also demonstrating the operational results live and how they are measured.
With Professor Andrea Morello who is the Scientia Professor of quantum engineering in the School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications at the University of New South Wales, and a Program Manager at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology.
Part 1 of 2
Previous in-depth discussion on how quantum computers work: • Quantum Computing with...
00:00 - 🔬 Discussing job opportunities and showcases a quantum computer experiment at the Fundamental Quantum Technologies Laboratory in Australia.
7:14 - ❄️ A refrigerator that can cool down to 4° Kelvin using helium gas.
13:23 - 🔬 The design and purpose of a filter box used in low temperature experiments to filter out high frequency signals.
20:11 - 🔬 Research and new science are being done with prototype chips that can stay in a fridge for up to four years.
27:14 - 💡 The video explains how a transistor works and how the movement of electrons can cause a shift in the pattern.
33:36 - Silicon is a practical choice for quantum computing due to its semiconductor properties and isotopic purity.
40:39 - 💡 Magnet quench is when a superconducting wire goes from being a superconductor to a normal resistor, causing a significant amount of power dissipation.
47:41 - 🔬 How a refrigerator is used to cool down the electron electrochemical potential in order to populate the spin down level for magnetic resonance.
54:30 - 🧪 Designing a cancer cure on a classical computer is computationally complex due to the quantum nature of the problem.
1:01:14 - 🔬 A startup has developed a commercial machine for Quantum control that allows users to manipulate and operate a large multi-dimensional Quantum system.
1:07:29 - 🔬 Advantages of using silicon MOSFET over other materials for spin-based operations.
1:14:09 - 🧲 The magnetic field created by the solenoid is more stable than the magnetic field of the superconducting magnet, with a very slow decay rate.
1:20:40 - 🔬 Improvements in coherence time and scalability of superconducting qubits in quantum computers.
Recap by Tammy AI
#quantumcomputers #quantumphysics #computers

Пікірлер: 140

  • @TorbenRune
    @TorbenRune7 ай бұрын

    This is one of the absolute best videos on quantum tech that I have ever seen. Morello explains it so thoroughly and comprehensibly that it is a pure pleasure to listen to, and Dave supplements with really good questions that tie it all together. I'm just a "simple" electronics engineer, with an MsC from a long time ago. Today I work with system architecture in cellular radio systems... but, before I started my engineering career, I was admitted to the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen. Although I chose to jump from Niels Bohr to become an engineer, I have maintained an interest in quantum mechanics, and this video has really boosted my positive spin in that direction. Brilliant video - Thnak's to Andrea and David.

  • @jacobvandijk6525

    @jacobvandijk6525

    5 ай бұрын

    Young children who on a warm day get an ice-cream from their mother say the same things like you. Their mother is the sweetest of them all, haha. Do you want another ice-cream, Torben?

  • @Jm4steam

    @Jm4steam

    4 ай бұрын

    Well said. It is also nice to see the actual hardware/parts that comprise a quantum computer.

  • @tmmtmm
    @tmmtmm7 ай бұрын

    It's absolutely a joy to listen to Prof. Morello explain how things work. The education system needs more like him!

  • @chrisbastoscb
    @chrisbastoscb7 ай бұрын

    This is top notch content, I would love to see lectures from professor Morello, what an amazing work.

  • @rickgreer7203

    @rickgreer7203

    7 ай бұрын

    He has a few on YT on UNSW's channel, just FYI....currently in my saved list.

  • @colin8711
    @colin87117 ай бұрын

    I can't believe how lucky we are to have access to such knowledge so fluidly. Thank you so much.

  • @Sailingon
    @Sailingon7 ай бұрын

    Wow never expected to have even a small amount of understanding of quantum computing but Prof Morello explains thing so well i actually feel like i understand, wish i had a teacher like him id have lived at school.

  • @bytex2
    @bytex27 ай бұрын

    Finally a video that describes actually how it is interfaced and interacted with in a understandable way :) I have to agree, Professor Morello is a joy to listen to.

  • @jmcarreiro
    @jmcarreiro7 ай бұрын

    Andrea is so good at explaining things and keeping it soo interesting. Can't wait for part two.

  • @entropyachieved750
    @entropyachieved7507 ай бұрын

    Great vid. Prof Morello knows his stuff, I've seen him in a few vids over the years and he is great

  • @nullifier_
    @nullifier_5 ай бұрын

    I remember watching a video of his almost a decade ago with veritassium talking about computers. It's great seeing this video recomended to me and that this guy is still rocking

  • @OutOfNamesToChoose
    @OutOfNamesToChoose7 ай бұрын

    I've seen a lot of Prof Morello on KZread in the past and I am ecstatic to hear that he founded a Quantum Engineering undergraduate degree. This is a colossal investment into the future of computing. Even in the nearer future, it will be incredibly valuable for skirting around some of the current fabrication limitations.

  • @Petertronic
    @Petertronic7 ай бұрын

    Fascinating from start to finish, this was amazing. Looking forward to the next part.

  • @ikocheratcr
    @ikocheratcr7 ай бұрын

    Love it. The professor explain very nice, easy to follow, but still a load of info there.

  • @DrFrank-xj9bc
    @DrFrank-xj9bc7 ай бұрын

    Great video! I'm / was also a cryogenic physicist, @ Really beautiful cryostat and experimental setup (Cu and Au). Once, I created superfluid He(4) by pumping it down to ~1.4K, if I remember correctly... inside a double glass dewar with window slits..so I could see the vanishing of any boiling bubbles. It was used to check the calibration of a Si diode thermometer.

  • @xDevscom_EE

    @xDevscom_EE

    7 ай бұрын

    You got any links to good papers to read on cryogenic diode sensors calibration? I got some legit diodes from Scientific Instruments but don't have any calibration data on them. Plan to use them for 4K cryocooler based cryostat. Don't need crazy accuracy, just something within +/-0.2K would be good enough. So far my best idea is to actually buy calibrated sensor from Lakeshore and use it as "reference" to determine V/T curve of other diodes..

  • @Erik-rp1hi
    @Erik-rp1hi7 ай бұрын

    I learned more about this topic than ever. You guys were giving and asking the proper questions. Well done.

  • @paulbyerlee2529
    @paulbyerlee25297 ай бұрын

    Your last conversation was golden. This is the same. Thankyou for sharing your time and expertise.

  • @robingalipeau5642
    @robingalipeau56427 ай бұрын

    hell yeah!!! finally a follow up to the interview!!!!! Can't be more happy!

  • @EEVdiscover

    @EEVdiscover

    7 ай бұрын

    Took a while!

  • @kaysb80
    @kaysb807 ай бұрын

    This is priceless! Thank you both for doing this.

  • @churchers
    @churchers6 ай бұрын

    It’s brilliant how good this guy is at explaining the basics of what’s going on and how much fundamental ee factors into it.

  • @degozaru1235
    @degozaru12357 ай бұрын

    i dont even know what a picowatt is, but this is so interesting and i can actually understand a bit in general because of such a good explanation, thanks for this and hope u guys keep uploading and discovering new quantum stuff

  • @nyloneric8521
    @nyloneric85217 ай бұрын

    Every minute of and off-the-cuff question blows my mind on multiple levels. I wish I had seen this 20 years ago.

  • @kmunson007
    @kmunson0077 ай бұрын

    Fantastic video. I wanted to write a complimentary, hopefully original comment but with all the very eloquent, overwhelmingly positive comments below, I don't think I could add much. Morello's knowledge is extraordinary. Thank you for this.

  • @WacKEDmaN
    @WacKEDmaN7 ай бұрын

    Excellent Dave! need more of these!... ...and thanks Andrea for your time and the awesome insight! ...the whiteboard... hmm..looks like encoding traditional bit truth table onto the qbit matrix...using frequencies of the spin to determine the bits...

  • @aeonikus1
    @aeonikus17 ай бұрын

    Great interview. Should definitely get more likes and comments, thou. Professor Morello has a great gift explaining complicated phenomena in approachable and easy to understand way.

  • @TobyRobb
    @TobyRobb7 ай бұрын

    Absolutely fascinating! Great video

  • @letters5396
    @letters53964 ай бұрын

    Great questions from Dave, and the Prof is so good at explaining!

  • @GammaFields
    @GammaFields4 ай бұрын

    Thank you for this and the other great videos! They are very concise and explained in ways where one such as I can understand. Making this information accessible and understandable to the young masses is doing the world a favor.

  • @Ricard2k
    @Ricard2k7 ай бұрын

    Great, great, great video. Please more or these!

  • @xDevscom_EE
    @xDevscom_EE7 ай бұрын

    Awesome, thanks Dave! Can we see a part (maybe in future?) where all cryogenic parts are discussed. Like thermal filters to reduce temperature oscillation from pulse tube, how they handle helium-3 recovery/cycling and thermal switches operation? Maybe some cryogenic thermometers calibration charts/data demo? I have very similar Lakeshore 370 and plan to run own 4K head next year, so it would be very educational to see how real experts handle and build cold systems :) Also side question, do they have JVS? :)

  • @charliegarnish
    @charliegarnish7 ай бұрын

    I’m sorry, I’m 18 minutes in and this is absolutely F**king brilliant!!!!

  • @erikalcalasalero3810
    @erikalcalasalero38103 ай бұрын

    This happens whe someone -wants- and likes to teach ! Thank you for such an amazing video !!

  • @leaveempty5320
    @leaveempty53205 ай бұрын

    Andrea Morello has explained this really well. Thanks!

  • @neomage2021
    @neomage20217 ай бұрын

    awesome! My team collaborated with Dr. Morello back when I was with the quantum transport group at a national lab in the US a few years back.

  • @GadgetUK164
    @GadgetUK1647 ай бұрын

    Amazing stuff - on so many levels!

  • @KitsuneAlex
    @KitsuneAlex7 ай бұрын

    Super cool video, funny, informative and well made as always.

  • @user-p-v
    @user-p-v7 ай бұрын

    This professor has to simplify things like 100 times so our head does not blow off😀😀😀😂

  • @GLF-Video
    @GLF-Video7 ай бұрын

    Excellent commentary. Thanks

  • @BooleanDisorder
    @BooleanDisorder6 ай бұрын

    I saw Professor Morello first time in Veritasium a decade or so ago. Glad he's still on it!

  • @EEVdiscover
    @EEVdiscover7 ай бұрын

    NOTE: Just lame AI generated timestamps at present. I need time to go through and do them manually, there is just so much in this video!

  • @fjs1111

    @fjs1111

    7 ай бұрын

    Outstanding Dave, thank you for sharing this. I always enjoy listening to Andrea

  • @leaovulcao
    @leaovulcao5 ай бұрын

    Awesome, Professor Morello! You are a G! In a Superposition! You are Blessed by Nature!

  • @chrizzLanc
    @chrizzLanc3 ай бұрын

    You can clearly see the bright in his eyes... Such a great teacher/professional.

  • @jeffreymorris1752
    @jeffreymorris17527 ай бұрын

    What a grab! Actually finding someone to thoroughly explain these steampunk-looking guts of quantum computers. Good on ya!

  • @PiezPiedPy
    @PiezPiedPy7 ай бұрын

    This is brilliant Dave. Nice 1 :)

  • @JuliusUnique
    @JuliusUnique7 ай бұрын

    38:12 thanks for making this clear, I was really confused at first on how this is able to be meassured without collapsing it

  • @makimakipapura7543
    @makimakipapura75437 ай бұрын

    I remember watching an interview with Andrea Morello on your channel some years ago.

  • @5cyndi
    @5cyndi7 ай бұрын

    This is useful and well thought out. Much luck on the degree program.

  • @moki123g
    @moki123g7 ай бұрын

    That was fascinating. I have read some on quantum computing and in a sort of ,kinda - hand wavey got the gist of it. This really answered a bunch of questions for me. The relation to the macro electronics scale that I do grasp give me a much better understanding. It clicked a lot more. The hardware is really interesting and the length they go to avoid or create thermal shorts is impressive. I'd wondered how the "relay" in a superconductor magnet works, now I know. Professor Morello: Thank you! That was a thoroughly enjoyable and educational hour and a half. Thanks for letting Dave come down and poke around that beautiful device!

  • @EEVdiscover

    @EEVdiscover

    7 ай бұрын

    If you haven't seen the red couch video then I highly recommend it!

  • @moki123g

    @moki123g

    7 ай бұрын

    @@EEVdiscover Already added it to the list.

  • @executive
    @executive7 ай бұрын

    this is fascinating

  • @landspide
    @landspide7 ай бұрын

    This guy sciences... Amazing!!!

  • @JustinAlexanderBell
    @JustinAlexanderBell7 ай бұрын

    Fantastic stuff

  • @godinhos7797
    @godinhos77977 ай бұрын

    Awesome 💥👏👏

  • @eastafrika728
    @eastafrika7287 ай бұрын

    The Quantum Physics used here is called a Meissner London Effect, a way of reaching suspension of magnetic flux and causing superconduction and suspended animation of the Control Unit of the computer, putting the electrons in superposition, where 0=1. They use liquid helium to teach the London penetration depth.

  • @numoru
    @numoru7 ай бұрын

    Subbed, so good 😊😊😊❤

  • @StefanVanya
    @StefanVanya7 ай бұрын

    Thank you 👍

  • @georgeageorgopoulos
    @georgeageorgopoulos7 ай бұрын

    Thanks to Dr/Mr Morello trying to explain in plain terms these Freezers computers

  • @samh6761
    @samh67617 ай бұрын

    That whole aluminum frame apparatus reminds me of the painstaking efforts they made to isolate vibrations during the Michelson-Morley experiment

  • @bask2140
    @bask21407 ай бұрын

    This was very interesting to watch. The physical problems you encounter at working on that particle level are mind blowing. Btw, did your microphone not work?

  • @EEVdiscover

    @EEVdiscover

    7 ай бұрын

    My mic worked, but it's tricky to edit a multi cam and multi audio solution like this, so sometimes I didn't bother switching to my mic in the edit.

  • @MoneySavingVideos
    @MoneySavingVideos19 күн бұрын

    I am here to learn how to build a quantum computer in my garage.

  • @physicsouruniverse2798
    @physicsouruniverse27987 ай бұрын

    I would like to say thank you for this 🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

  • @FreejackVesa
    @FreejackVesa7 ай бұрын

    I only understood about half of it but it was thoroughly interesting

  • @Chriss120
    @Chriss1207 ай бұрын

    If I was at uni in the area, I would definitely attend his lectures.

  • @timothynewman6062
    @timothynewman60627 ай бұрын

    andrea is the bomb

  • @user-me5eb8pk5v
    @user-me5eb8pk5v7 ай бұрын

    Hes back at what he was born to do best.

  • @Rob2
    @Rob27 ай бұрын

    This video is about the hardware, but what I think is also very interesting is: how do you program the quantum computer to calculate the result that you want? It seems that all experimental quantum computers until now are much like analog computers: you have to construct the computer to make the calculation you want to do. The "stored program digital computer" achieves most of its usefulness from the fact the user can tell it what to do, and shortly thereafter can tell it to do something else. Will that ever be possible with a quantum computer? Will we have to build a new computer for every problem? Will the quantum computer ever solve a problem we defined beforehand, instead of the problem that is convenient to solve?

  • @hellrocker1212
    @hellrocker12122 ай бұрын

    0:04 Trying to assign binary to a qubit for its given state in a known comparative field, to then equate a voltage to the wave function of the qubit as it flips state and how that state flip would interact with it quantum linked counterpart?? Field theory state flip interaction, S matrix, Feynman propagators all come to mind.

  • @chrisellicott2588
    @chrisellicott25884 ай бұрын

    Wow !

  • @nyloneric8521
    @nyloneric85216 ай бұрын

    Part 2! Part 2! Part 2! 🥲

  • @PaulHigginbothamSr
    @PaulHigginbothamSr5 ай бұрын

    So making the magnetic field in a superconductor means the tech introduces the current which keeps running till magnetic quenching occures. We in the normal world call this the curie temperature of the field before loss. He calls it quenching which is a runnaway process. Like a nuclear reactor going critical. Keeping it critical means runnaway is not going to happen but statistically stable is not a surface component but according to density and reflectivity and nuclear poisoning. Same as temperature poisoning of an mri machine. Dave from eev never ceases to amaze me with having such beautiful children and following Morello in understanding how quantum machines work. Unable to make advances but helping us to understand the intricacies of quantumly approaching how reality itself is lightly organized.

  • @mraarone
    @mraarone7 ай бұрын

    Using some lattice setup for a quantum entanglement based apparatus to make some computations. Computing probabilities in the lattice, and producing some result. Is it a clock, not sure?

  • @AngelinaCruz357
    @AngelinaCruz3577 ай бұрын

    44:23 Have you ever experienced intercepting signals to the 40 G micro-waves?

  • @thethirdchimpanzee
    @thethirdchimpanzee5 ай бұрын

    HOW are the scientists able to isolate and manipulate 1 single atom and it's electron!?!? It *BOGGLES* my mind!!!

  • @BooleanDisorder
    @BooleanDisorder6 ай бұрын

    When do we get part 2?

  • @iesrobertson4921
    @iesrobertson49216 ай бұрын

    Could you attenuate frequency vibration using tension like a guitar string?

  • @nyloneric8521
    @nyloneric85217 ай бұрын

    Where’s part 2!!!!?!??? 😃

  • @numoru
    @numoru7 ай бұрын

    Prof. Reminds me of Wolfgang wounder if he ever worked or studied with him

  • @donondre7314
    @donondre73147 ай бұрын

    What a rockstar!

  • @publicmail2
    @publicmail27 ай бұрын

    Stages of learning: RUAC, Rote, understanding, application, correlation. Correlation is if you know the basics of an MRI then you know what he's explaining about...

  • @OmniArmstrong
    @OmniArmstrong5 ай бұрын

    are experiments repeated 30 times due to the central limit theorem? that the sample distribution approaches roughly normal at 30?

  • @degozaru1235
    @degozaru12357 ай бұрын

    are the new discoveries on attosecond measurement helping to discover new stuff on quantum computer?

  • @landspide

    @landspide

    7 ай бұрын

    Nice point Commander Kean ;)

  • @mattewlefty991
    @mattewlefty99117 күн бұрын

    The NOT operation is accomplished by providing a selected radio frequency to the electron, so that independently of the spin it will start to rotate at a rate dependent on the wave amplitude, right? Are you researching other type of gates? What about making two qbits interact?

  • @user-jp1qt8ut3s
    @user-jp1qt8ut3s7 ай бұрын

    Nice surprise, in the middle of the night

  • @EEVdiscover

    @EEVdiscover

    7 ай бұрын

    It's been a while on EEVdiscover!

  • @JuliusUnique
    @JuliusUnique7 ай бұрын

    1:02:37 but wouldn't that reduce it to a binary system? Let's say the superposition is 31.42%, you would need to measure it very often to narrow down on that number. Also couldn't we just define an array of like 100bits the same as a qbit that has 100^x possible outcomes? Like where is the quantum computer faster? by being able to use different frequencies in parallel? Or can it be entangled with other qbits and only the result has to be measured?

  • @franciscobordin
    @franciscobordin5 ай бұрын

    When the part 2?

  • @cinemoriahFPV
    @cinemoriahFPV4 ай бұрын

    Looks like a way to share a photon between the quantum state and the observer without collapsing the the state.

  • @SudoBashX
    @SudoBashX6 ай бұрын

    Wow, 27 Ghz... That's the coolest shirt I've ever seen!

  • @mvadu
    @mvadu7 ай бұрын

    Dave should visit every major physics labs (like LIGO) and have these true intellectual conversations (rather than usual high level stuff).

  • @EEVdiscover

    @EEVdiscover

    7 ай бұрын

    Wife and kids...

  • @manicakamvasu9651
    @manicakamvasu96517 ай бұрын

    connect a multiple quantum computer increase the overall qubit count (combine with super computer )use that computational power to create a better chip !

  • @mscir
    @mscir7 ай бұрын

    Do virtual particles cause noise in these devices?

  • @YoutubeSupportServices
    @YoutubeSupportServices7 ай бұрын

    8:55 So then... in other words: "We bang on things until we think it's 0.01 degrees and verify our measurements against previously banged-on references apparatuses."...

  • @StubbyPhillips
    @StubbyPhillips7 ай бұрын

    Dude!

  • @bhuvaneshs.k638
    @bhuvaneshs.k6387 ай бұрын

    Im looking to do masters in this domain. Applying for 2024 September courses. Im from VLSI, electronics background Wish me luck

  • @funkyironman69
    @funkyironman695 ай бұрын

    4:50 Cryogenic dental floss!

  • @davidwilkie9551
    @davidwilkie95517 ай бұрын

    If the classic computer is like a symphony Orchestra, then there's a Quantum Jazz Player doing interpretation on the fly, right in the middle and giving feedback in sync-duration. Fun learning by doing. Ie the inside-outside presence of probabilistic relative-timing ratio-rates Perspective Principle Universe makes this strategy of quantization oscillation the equivalent of putting an ultra Computational design inside the pseudo random chaos of Totality. WYSIWYG, you can have your cake and eat it too, that's fundamental elemental e-Pi-i sync-duration connectivity function in pure-math self-defining modulation.., not a pretty picture, unless you are an Astronomical Observer. If you want to compute a particular fundamental future, design and build it to your best capabilities, otherwise we just Observe and catalogue the results of shaping-shifting.

  • @aaronjones6238
    @aaronjones62386 ай бұрын

    Bottom left someone was drawing out (didn't actually count), but probably 32 bit binary--should have just typed Above it is bidirectional cyclic graph Above it looks like a grads notes on gate set tomography, super operator to shortcut finding probability of a density operator because it's trace preserving and you can Top right is notes on superconducting qubit Middle right someone ran a simulation, the theory didn't match their numerical results so back to the drawing board they go Bottom right someone was thinking about phase and frequency, maybe to entangle qubits? Drew out the bloch sphere and a complex unit circle(so euler's ident. is easily used)

  • @aaronjones6238

    @aaronjones6238

    6 ай бұрын

    If you combine it all together, you have a fully entangled graph of superconducting qubits that didn't match up algorithmically to theory after the signal was sent over a fiber optic line that had entangled states encoded in frequency, amplitude, and phase. The quantum state tomography may have been in regards to optical microcombs, that's not fully clear but that's what I'd conjecture.

  • @basaltnow
    @basaltnow4 ай бұрын

    I wonder from where one can get all the knowledge needed to buil such a machine.

  • @marijhorn
    @marijhorn7 ай бұрын

    Love the honesty: there is no quantum computer in the world. Yes thanks there are mostly experimental things for specific experimental purposes.

  • @georgeageorgopoulos
    @georgeageorgopoulos7 ай бұрын

    The freezer is huge!!! if it is part of computer ;))

  • @bigfoottoo2841
    @bigfoottoo28415 ай бұрын

    WHAT?? 😮

  • @russell2952
    @russell29526 ай бұрын

    This guy should write the technobabble they use on Star Trek.

  • @greyface3055
    @greyface30555 ай бұрын

    But what does it do ?

  • @georgeageorgopoulos
    @georgeageorgopoulos7 ай бұрын

    I call quantum computer Freezer computer ;))

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