IGCSE BIOLOGY REVISION [Syllabus 17] - Chromosomes, Genes, Proteins

Today we look at the concepts of chromosomes, genes, and protein synthesis . It is actually quite a hard concept to grasp so I have added this text just to summarize things for you guys.
Chromosomes are made of DNA, and DNA contains codes for protein manufacture. As you are well aware, we have millions of different proteins in our bodies. This means that our DNA must have HEAPS of different codes inside of it to account for all these different proteins.
In a DNA molecule, certain lengths will contain codes for specific proteins. A specific length of DNA which codes of a specific protein is called a GENE. A GENE will contain very specific sequences of bases that a "code" that orders the cell to join certain amino acids in a certain sequence.
The specific sequences of amino acids joined, then, results in a particular protein being formed. This is ALL from the genetic code (i.e. base sequences) stored inside a single gene in the DNA.

Пікірлер: 77

  • @Cambridgein5minutes
    @Cambridgein5minutes5 жыл бұрын

    Facebook: facebook.com/cambridgein5... Instagram: instagram.com/cambridgein... Patreon: www.patreon.com/cambridgein5minutes Website: www.freeexamacademy.com

  • @rishabhkumar8933
    @rishabhkumar8933 Жыл бұрын

    IGCSE 2023 LET'S GOOO

  • @WalumbikeNkhata
    @WalumbikeNkhata4 жыл бұрын

    IGCSE 2020...LET'S GOOOO!!!!

  • @th4nh321

    @th4nh321

    4 жыл бұрын

    me too

  • @kevinnibandhan2505

    @kevinnibandhan2505

    4 жыл бұрын

    Ayyy

  • @kevinnibandhan2505

    @kevinnibandhan2505

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good luck all of u

  • @radwanlone4238

    @radwanlone4238

    4 жыл бұрын

    me and im so fucking scared

  • @nourhanabdelghani5823

    @nourhanabdelghani5823

    4 жыл бұрын

    Its cancelleeeeeeeddddd

  • @jad678
    @jad6785 жыл бұрын

    this chapter was always a pain for me and i had alot of problems with it , thank you so much for covering it. Your videos help me understand bio CLEARLY

  • @mutd789hgmlkrt7
    @mutd789hgmlkrt73 жыл бұрын

    igcse 2021 gang

  • @larasaleh5033

    @larasaleh5033

    3 жыл бұрын

    Good luck everyone!!

  • @CaptainphoenixofficialYT

    @CaptainphoenixofficialYT

    3 жыл бұрын

    Here here

  • @vidhibarot6972

    @vidhibarot6972

    3 жыл бұрын

    october november😬

  • @f5classleapotswechannel553

    @f5classleapotswechannel553

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@vidhibarot6972 yay me too, let's study hard📚

  • @vidhibarot6972

    @vidhibarot6972

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@f5classleapotswechannel553 i’ll text you on the day we write bio😭... have u seen the timetable? Its pretty hectic

  • @callistomalady6084
    @callistomalady60843 жыл бұрын

    Personal notes - Chromosomes, DNA, Gene - the genes synthesize proteins and the sequence of the amino acids are important - sequence of amino acids formed are derived from the gene via specific sequences of bases in that gene - Haploid: two sets of chromosomes i.e. 46 chromosomes altogether - Diploid: only one set of chromosome i.e. 23 chromosomes altogether - Mitosis: Nuclear division that gives rise to genetically identical cells, daughter cells have 46 chromosomes each used for repair, replacement, growth and asexual reproduction - Meiosis: Nuclear division that gives rise to genetically different cells, daughter cells have 23 chromosomes each used for production of gametes

  • @ninipaul7768

    @ninipaul7768

    3 жыл бұрын

    You switched haploid and diploid

  • @prabhavathysenthil5228
    @prabhavathysenthil52284 жыл бұрын

    Bro, u just saved my life. I din't understand the concepts because we r studying at home because of the idiotic coronavirus, but now I do ; )

  • @ifunanyajohn-okafor5995
    @ifunanyajohn-okafor59953 жыл бұрын

    Wow....IGCSE 2021 is gonna be lit

  • @localsleepdeprivedmonkey5984
    @localsleepdeprivedmonkey59842 жыл бұрын

    IGCSE 2022 anyone?

  • @minvs

    @minvs

    2 жыл бұрын

    yeppers

  • @lxghttt
    @lxghttt8 ай бұрын

    this man is single-handedly saving my biology grades

  • @HelloHuman-fz5ww
    @HelloHuman-fz5ww5 жыл бұрын

    Hey could you please do a more in-depth video of the lymphatic system?

  • @fowzh4659
    @fowzh46593 жыл бұрын

    Doing my biology paper 4 exam in an hour and just watched the majority of your videos! Amazing thank you so much you’re truly a life saver❤️❤️

  • @harinirajkumar4218

    @harinirajkumar4218

    3 жыл бұрын

    wait so soon?Was it like a mock paper?

  • @tranhoangminh5262

    @tranhoangminh5262

    3 жыл бұрын

    i literally took my mocks the same time as you took your exam and I learnt that it's not good to study a topic last minute, any student who reads this comment should also take my advice because I really regretted my marks.

  • @thetechrealms7824
    @thetechrealms78244 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much bro, you made such a complicated chapter look so simple

  • @coolkid9770
    @coolkid97705 жыл бұрын

    bro i just found you recently thanks! im doing may-june 2019 igcse

  • @Evelyn-fw2jz

    @Evelyn-fw2jz

    4 жыл бұрын

    Did you pass?

  • @aashkhiani8071

    @aashkhiani8071

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Evelyn-fw2jz the exam didnt happen

  • @Evelyn-fw2jz

    @Evelyn-fw2jz

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@aashkhiani8071 why

  • @minahilshoaib6538

    @minahilshoaib6538

    3 жыл бұрын

    heyy how did you do, any tips?

  • @kevinweingarten9390
    @kevinweingarten93904 жыл бұрын

    At timestamp 5:38 you have shown a karyotype for Klinefelter’s Syndrome (ie. 47XXY), for clarity, try to include a 46XX or 46XY karyotype. Otherwise, fantastic job!!

  • @sushiieats
    @sushiieats4 жыл бұрын

    woahh!! This video was really helpful for me, I understood everything that you explained in such a short amount of time, thank you!!

  • @tanakadamellow6391

    @tanakadamellow6391

    4 жыл бұрын

    Shifuuu! 💖😂

  • @mariazacharias818
    @mariazacharias8184 жыл бұрын

    Got an A for Biology because of your amazing videos!

  • @mariazacharias818

    @mariazacharias818

    3 жыл бұрын

    Almost all of them from 2006 to 2016. We had to do revision at school as well using past papers. :)

  • @c7x_0
    @c7x_02 ай бұрын

    IGCSE 2024 •👾

  • @smartfeaturesandtech
    @smartfeaturesandtech Жыл бұрын

    Can you plz make a video for pedigree diagram

  • @shailenderkalia8344
    @shailenderkalia83445 жыл бұрын

    I have exams from January how should I revise biology

  • @marahyasir3393
    @marahyasir33933 жыл бұрын

    youre a life saver

  • @aymanmaryam3090
    @aymanmaryam30904 жыл бұрын

    In protein synthesis isnt there mRNA and tRNA only mRNA is mentioned

  • @ifunanyajohn-okafor5995
    @ifunanyajohn-okafor59953 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sooo much

  • @sainandhana8828
    @sainandhana88283 жыл бұрын

    My exam is in one hour. You just saved my life.

  • @anotherbigfootwithinternet2147

    @anotherbigfootwithinternet2147

    3 жыл бұрын

    How was it man.

  • @alitayyiptaskesenligil5868
    @alitayyiptaskesenligil58685 жыл бұрын

    Does this video include the extended curriculum objectives as well? Thanks for the video by the way!

  • @Cambridgein5minutes

    @Cambridgein5minutes

    5 жыл бұрын

    Yes it does :)

  • @danawael1021
    @danawael10215 жыл бұрын

    Thank you VERY MUCH for doing this !!!!! :) and which year syllabus do you follow ?

  • @Cambridgein5minutes

    @Cambridgein5minutes

    5 жыл бұрын

    2018 syllabus :)

  • @turtle6160
    @turtle61602 ай бұрын

    IGCSE 2024🎉❤

  • @zonzon4497
    @zonzon44974 жыл бұрын

    How can i study bio for my IGCSE in 2020 may june😭😭😭

  • @riyapatel7385

    @riyapatel7385

    4 жыл бұрын

    I have mine on monday.....india has igcse in feb march....all the best btw

  • @hamzaabbasi2855

    @hamzaabbasi2855

    4 жыл бұрын

    Dont they are gonna get cancelled

  • @veronikamusatova174

    @veronikamusatova174

    3 жыл бұрын

    Well that didn’t age well...

  • @anonymousidentity9957
    @anonymousidentity99573 жыл бұрын

    but why dont 46 chromosomes split in 2 and then 23 chromosomes change to 46 again, like it does to 46 to 92?

  • @localsleepdeprivedmonkey5984

    @localsleepdeprivedmonkey5984

    2 жыл бұрын

    Because certain cells have the instruction from the nucleus to only go under meiosis. In meiosis, the chromosome number goes from 46-->92--divides into 2 cells which both have 46 and then, each of these 2 cells that have 46 chromosomes, divide again into 2 cells having 23 chromosomes each. These cells are gametes and will only become a diploid cell if it fertilises/or gets fertilised. I hope this helped :)

  • @bl8d5uck3r
    @bl8d5uck3r5 жыл бұрын

    7:05 i'm pretty sure that after dna replication, it's still 46 chromosomes or you can say 92 chromatids.

  • @navyasharma2957

    @navyasharma2957

    5 жыл бұрын

    true

  • @charityshumba6189

    @charityshumba6189

    3 жыл бұрын

    It has 23 pairs = 46 chromosomes

  • @ayahbatran9898
    @ayahbatran98984 жыл бұрын

    And I oop in the dumbness ughh

  • @AaronBlazeproductions
    @AaronBlazeproductions4 жыл бұрын

    Dam you have decent specs ( 1060 & i5 8500. )

  • @anotherbigfootwithinternet2147

    @anotherbigfootwithinternet2147

    3 жыл бұрын

    You can tell hes a gamer

  • @AaronBlazeproductions

    @AaronBlazeproductions

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@anotherbigfootwithinternet2147 ahah no i just like pcs

  • @ahmedhossam7510

    @ahmedhossam7510

    3 жыл бұрын

    You answered a year how did you igs go I am having mine in 10 day 🥲

  • @skull5207

    @skull5207

    Жыл бұрын

    @@ahmedhossam7510 yo how'd you do?

  • @TEAML3ZAR
    @TEAML3ZAR2 жыл бұрын

    69th