How to sequence the human genome - Mark J. Kiel
View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/how-to-sequ...
Your genome, every human's genome, consists of a unique DNA sequence of A's, T's, C's and G's that tell your cells how to operate. Thanks to technological advances, scientists are now able to know the sequence of letters that makes up an individual genome relatively quickly and inexpensively. Mark J. Kiel takes an in-depth look at the science behind the sequence.
Lesson by Mark J. Kiel, animation by Marc Christoforidis.
Пікірлер: 486
I have a lab about dna sequencing and this made me understand the concept 100x better thank you!
@wadudahmed9107
2 жыл бұрын
Oh come on mann u have a lab and learning from KZread.. 😂😂😂LOL
@PrinceKumar-zs8dh
2 жыл бұрын
I didn’t understand much… could please summarise here
@TheWiseMonkey8888
2 жыл бұрын
@@PrinceKumar-zs8dh Max x100 full sequencing runs per week...
@xynyde0
Жыл бұрын
@@wadudahmed9107 maybe they're not the scientist. Just the facilitator of lab and equipments
@nano7055
Жыл бұрын
@@wadudahmed9107 dude you are here too
2000: Finally we finished this multi-billion dollar international effort to map the human genome. 2019: just spit here, I'll tell you every letter in your genome for a 1000 bucks
@AngerPacifist
4 жыл бұрын
$100 bucks next year: www.cnbc.com/2019/07/01/for-600-veritas-genetics-sequences-6point4-billion-letters-of-your-dna.html
@whatskickin5989
3 жыл бұрын
Hmm, if the car had of followed the same trend, then a Ferrari would cost less then 40pence(50 cents approx in the us)... and so... I’ve found a penny on the floor... I’m off to get a new Austin Martin, a penny a month with a 100z interest rate for each month, fine by me.
@bobleclair5665
3 жыл бұрын
I wouldn’t give a gypsy lady a thousand bucks to tell me my future, why would I give someone a thousand bucks to tell me my past
@lungtoo1525
3 жыл бұрын
It’s funny to think that humans were able to evolve so fast but devolved from karens
@user-xd4dv7ek7c
3 жыл бұрын
@@AngerPacifist nope
weve come a long way since then...and now we have our very own word processor for genes called CRISPR CAS9.
@nathanielcradle-yourrichfriend
3 жыл бұрын
BNGO is going to revolutionize this process folks $$$🤑
@neataccount
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this. I had no idea.
@haravardhan8078
2 жыл бұрын
We come a long way since then and achieved 100% genome sequencing in 2022
I promise you I will forget this tomorrow. I like learning about these things but I will have to watch it around 7 times before I can remember it. There's just so much information. Good job.
@boboAi9
2 жыл бұрын
I will study bioformatics next year 🙂🙂
Out of all those videos i watched for " what is Genome" this was the best !!!
More explained in 5 minutes than college explained in years.
@theskullkid421
4 ай бұрын
i guess you went to a lousy college then XD
A lot to time taken and is explained to a very high standard. Well done!
I recently had a project about the history of genetics and the genome sequencing was the hardest part for me to understand so thank you for this videos ♡
@gialinhdiep5689
4 жыл бұрын
Fatiha B. Ayyyy aghase 💚
This deserves more visual!
Wow.. I think I just found out how the name for the movie "GATTACA" was found!
@omkarchavan5940
7 жыл бұрын
Hence, That's where we are heading now...
@mentaleur
6 жыл бұрын
Yeah nice observation, that movie is great btw, but watching it made both motivated and insecure
@Sam34527282
6 жыл бұрын
CTAATGT
@AlexeiMotoRin
5 жыл бұрын
@@omkarchavan5940 hope Neo will reload the Matrix :)
@martinwong8326
4 жыл бұрын
@@omkarchavan5940 GATTACA portrayed a technology that can predict specific personalities and everything phenotypical (body characteristics that are observable) which was a predominant theory in the 20th century, known as biological determinism. However, as science advanced, the theory had became outmoded and invalid, primarily due to the current acceptable scientific view of the world which is stochastic. Moreover, we had found that protein-coding genes are at times, multifactorial and require the environment and social interactions to shape its function, which directly contradicted the ideologies put forth by GATTACA.
VERY GOOD LECTURE ON BASIC OF HUMAN GENOME CONCEPT.
1. Modify a keyboard to only have A, C, T, and G letters 2. Introduce a cat 3. Sequence human genome There, saved you all a lot of trouble!
@SamundraDarion
10 жыл бұрын
^ this is such an AAAAGTCCCCTA thing to say ^ And here in lies the problem with sequencing.
@jarahatkeify
10 жыл бұрын
hmm.........It's like a program.. ..like 0's and 1's.
@isa.sharif
10 жыл бұрын
Saloni Bhurke Exactly.
@greg77389
10 жыл бұрын
Saloni Bhurke *In Arnold Schwarzenegger voice* "Who is your programmer?... And what does he do?"
@Anonarchist
10 жыл бұрын
it was the best of times, it was the blurst of times.
Great video absolutely! Helped me prep before my classes.
this very helpful thank you TED-ED i really need this for my Research and Science Subject
this was really sweet animation. well done and thank you
OUTSTANDING as always. Thanks TED
this is an amazing information about the human body and very interesting to watch the video of the human genome project.
Phenomenal explanation!!!!
The animation is just amazing
Amazing information ! Thank you so much for the video ❤️
This is seriously amazing! 😍
organ working together makes a organ system
@johnbagyan3244
8 жыл бұрын
MAYBE SHE FORGOT HER ANATOMY
@josieshunk2511
8 жыл бұрын
maybe
@johnbagyan3244
8 жыл бұрын
It really is a very tough subject, i nearly flunk on it.
@josieshunk2511
8 жыл бұрын
I like the Subject
@johnbagyan3244
8 жыл бұрын
Good for u girl. hope that someday you 'll become a doctor.
This is imformative, and helpful to understand our human markup.
Thank you so much. Really helpful
thank you, very helpful...
Really interesting stuff. It's cool to see how niche scientific technology is powered - ultimately - by creative applications of nature's first principles.
Well explained. Thank you!
@ooghaboogha4362
2 жыл бұрын
Yes
Excellent n crisp video. Thank u
This is good for education. Thanks!
wow it explained so nicely .Thanx...,
hope that there are more info on application of molecular biology can be made into animation like this for better understanding
This means , we literally found ourselves .
nice and creative way to teach!
Wow....so well explained
Awesome...that's so cool....Love it....thank you!!!
very interesting, thank you
Amazing explanation mam
That was really good.
This is fantastic.
This video helped me understand how DNA sequencing works and what is its purpose
Wow! Thanks for all the helpful information!! ❤😎
Amazing video, thank you!
These amazing 👏 Very nice and useful information 💁♀️ Thanks 😊
Very nice lecture 👌🙏
PCR explained without using much of the needed vocabulary and concepts. The video still got to many of the big points, but there was still much left out. Yet, I'll give this video credit as it did a good job in the 5 min it had to explain this.
@AnimMouse
2 жыл бұрын
This comment aged so well, PCR is extremely important right now.
@okliam
2 жыл бұрын
@@AnimMouse literally how we were able to make a covid vaccine as quickly as we did :)
@ooghaboogha4362
2 жыл бұрын
@@okliam i like how you replied
@kevinnathaniel9231
2 жыл бұрын
@@okliam 8 years man..
really good video...thank u
Thanks for good explain
Projem için birçok şeyden daha çok yardımcı oldu çok sağ olun
So much to learn...so few years to learn it all.
Awesome! Thank you!
very cool.
What a great vedio to express knowledge! 🙌🏻♥️
Thanks for information
We need a new updated video on this. It's been 6yrs
This looks like there's gonna be a part 2
amazing
Thank you so much!!!!
So we are technically computer programs?
@elshowdeantony
6 жыл бұрын
no, we do not function from binary structure- and we are made up of different parts. Our brains do not function the same way, nor do our cells. If you consider a computer program as anything with information, then yes- but thats like thinking anything with wings is a bird. Humans do not work like computer programs, and even neural nets cannot function with the same braod complexity that we do.
@Cpt_John_Price
5 жыл бұрын
Antony Arango DO NOT OVERTHINK IT.......YES WE ARE TECHNICALLY COMPUTER PROGRAMS (more like a collection of it), IT IS THE SAME IN THE SENSE THAT A STRING OF LETTERS WILL BE (in essence) CONVERTED INTO SOMETHING USEFUL. ANY MANIPULATON OF THE GENES WILL CHANGE THE PROTEINS THAT MAKE UP YOUR CELLS (just like any manipulation of the code will change a program). A DNA CAN ALSO BE CORRUPTED MUCH LIKE IN A COMPUTER.
@sunnycheba
5 жыл бұрын
Price Where are the behavior markings in DNA?
@elvispresley5766
4 жыл бұрын
its not coding language its adenine guanine thymine cytosine
@martinwong8326
4 жыл бұрын
@@Cpt_John_Price If we were computer programs, as put forth by you, then it is reasonable to assume that increasing organismic complexity positively correlates with complexity of the genome (total DNA information), right? Now tell me why single celled microscopic Amoeba have 223x more DNA than we do?
Thank you
I love ted ed
ขอบคุณมากๆครับ สำหรับการบรรยาย ไทย
fantastic
I'm more than a little taken back. How can it be, that colour can be administered through an enzyme into the genome and photographed. Additionally, does this methodology for reading genome not assume that a base constituent can not bond with itself; Adenine and adenine for example?
@kanizbristy5425
3 жыл бұрын
Well, there are chemical reactions that produces colored compounds. That's what those enzymes do, they catalyze a reaction (e.g. break something down) to produce some colorful chemicals. That's the color part. And no, A and A or any of the other combinations usually don’t bond together because of their unique chemical properties. But yes, sometimes mistakes do happen. For that, a single sequence (the small parts mentioned here) is read more than a hundred times to ensure that those "by chance" interactions don't affect the final result.
Вроде просто, но в то же время сложно🤔. Объяснение супер👍
fascinating
Simple but rich in information. Good job
Would you know where in the dna these 'special colored letters' combine with if there where multiple complimentary letters? How is the order sequenced?
I wonder 8 years later since posting this video. How far this technology has evolved. This is my first explorer video about genomes. 🇳🇱❤️🇺🇦
Thanks man
Just wow !!
This video is already 3 years old.. My last birthday gifts: 2 Tea cups. 1 Deodorant. 1 Picture frame. 10 Euros. 1 burned dvd with downloaded movies. 0 GENOME SEQUENCERS
@Yzyenthusiast
7 жыл бұрын
gr8 m8 no h8
The things ,a human mind is capable of! Wow!
Hey! Just awesome videos!! I have seen only 2 of this channel & becoming a fan.. :) Do you have any plan to translate your videos? If you give permission I want to translate these in my mother languages to make it more clear to the others in my region. waiting for your answers & truly you are doing a great job!!! carry on...
Great !!!
So that's how we do it. Color-coding. Science, you amaze me yet again.
The words were posted at least twice in the video. Re-watch it buddy and you will see.
That was good for me.ATCG. With 24 English letters a countless literature is born.It seems with those 4 letters(symbols I suppose) countless shapes and forms of human beings are engineered.That if I have understood correctly. Same with music, Fa So La Si Re innumerable notes of tunes are produced. It sounds like everything starts with Basics. 118 Elements in multiple combinations give something like Nature.I hope I have understood rightly.Its all so amazing.Thanks.I like the French subtitle as well.
How do we know whether they are in the correct order or not?
@kanizbristy5425
3 жыл бұрын
Well, the binding of one nucleotide (the A,T,C and G) can only occur to a single strand after the previous one is added. Also, the pairs are constant. so where there is a T, nothing other than an A can bind. Very low chance of mistake. But of course, mistakes can and do happen. That's why a single sequence (the small parts mentioned in the video) is read more than a hundred times. So that those accidental mistakes don't affect the final result.
Valuable , video , 👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻
Should have mentioned how the short reads are merged together to become a whole genome…
Love it
Awesome.....
I was diagnosed with hereditary polycystic kidney disease when I was around nine, before that my Grandad and my Mam got diagnosed with it. My Grandad having to go on dialysis due to being diagnosed too late, and sadly passed away in January this year after 20 years on dialysis. I’m now 22 and kidney function is normal considering the circumstances but they’ve told me they’ll be doing this with my DNA.
Iv been to the human genome project building outside of cambridge (the sangar institute) and inside they had books containing all of the letters on display, each book was as big as a guinnes world record book and as thick as a bible, each page had 10s of thousands of letters on and the rack of books spread across the entire room.
Please tell me where the behavior switches are in the human genome? All i see are switches for physical attributes.
Awesome 😎
good
ty
What's the name of the sequencing method represented in the video?
THANKS 🙏 😍😍
Imagine being able to change the sequence and turn people into superheros
do you have any video for packaging of DNA
thanks mam
This is actually called next generation whole genome shotgun sequencing.
To the people saying it's too simple, chill tf out, honestly, Ted-Ed wants to teach us something simple, not go to the depths of genetics. Us mere mortals require simplified versions of things like these so if you don't like it, leave. You don't have to sh?t on a great video that probably took ages to make.
If there is one thing that I can identify in the sequences of bases, it would be the introns
This is how we do PCR COVID tests, folks. The generic material was sequenced, and now we can identify if you have COVID by looking for it's genetic signature in your samples.
How great who is created the human body. Thank God.
Whats the reference used to make this video ? Pls and thanks
Wow..