How To Design A Lithium Battery (Part 2 of 2)

Ғылым және технология

In this video tutorial, I'll go through all the detailed information needed when designing a lithium battery pack with 18650 cells. Designing a custom lithium battery pack is a fun way to learn about electricity and engineering. Lithium batteries can be used for countless applications including electric bikes, scooters, vehicles, backup power suppliers, off the grid solutions, and much more.
I'll cover 5 main topics that'll help you design your own battery packs
1. How a lithium battery cell works. Everything from the rolled internals and materials to how the lithium ions are transported during charge and discharge.
2. Basic electricity fundamentals and Ohm's law.
3. Figuring out how many cells to put into a battery given voltage and current requirements
4. How to join cells together using a spot welding technique with busbars, and how to size those busbars for different current loads.
5. Battery management systems, hookup and wiring schematics and optional accessories that can help improve the functionality of a battery pack.
00:06 Application of Lithium Batteries
00:37 18650 Battery Cells and What's Inside Them
01:16 Discharging and Charging
01:43 Electricity Fundamentals
02:16 Brushless Motors
02:55 How Lithium Batteries are Rated
03:58 How Many Cells to a Battery Pack
04:33 Example Battery
05:38 Mechanical Methods of Holding Cells Together
06:07 Spot Welding Cells
07:03 Sizing Busbars
07:51 Battery Management Systems
08:53 Charger Selection
09:30 Output Connector Selection
10:22 Wiring Diagram
11:06 Wire Sizing Based on Current Load
This is part 2 of a 2 part series. In Part 1 I reviewed the entire build process, don't forget to check that out here:
• How To Build a Lithium...
Full write up on my blog: www.adambender.info/post/lith...
Instagram:
/ bender_designs
Links (Amazon links are affiliate links, and help the channel without costing you anything):
Spot Welder: amzn.to/2QvoyAL
Small Pack Nickel Strips: amzn.to/2Qpcl0o
Large Pack Nickel Strips: amzn.to/2EBN1zz
Cell Holders: amzn.to/2EBNG3Y
XT90 Connector: amzn.to/2KiQneq
Battery Life Display: amzn.to/2VWeEJM
Chargeport: amzn.to/2YX6EKl
10AWG Wire: amzn.to/30RJgzF
22AWG: amzn.to/2W2tsGw
Electronic Switch: amzn.to/2VWAufS
Awesome DIY battery book: amzn.to/2MoFEC1
18650 Batteries: www.imrbatteries.com/samsung-...

Пікірлер: 37

  • @AdamBender
    @AdamBender5 жыл бұрын

    Part 1 here: kzread.info/dash/bejne/fKCYtrukk6mqfZs.html

  • @devshliingarts9502

    @devshliingarts9502

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for prepping most straight instruction!

  • @alexhamilton4584
    @alexhamilton45843 жыл бұрын

    great info, will use this as a guide with my back up battery build.

  • @narendrapandharpure1651
    @narendrapandharpure1651 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent information on Li Ion Battery in short period of time. You can make few more videos on Li Ion battery bigger size/rating capacity & thermal management system.

  • @fadhilz963
    @fadhilz9633 жыл бұрын

    Best tutor ever...

  • @vikasrathore147
    @vikasrathore1474 жыл бұрын

    Hey, great video. Can you tell us about the mechanical packaging of battery pack and different materials used for specific function and the factors to be considered??

  • @LimeEngine
    @LimeEngine2 жыл бұрын

    amazing vid, thank you!

  • @ShaneGadsby
    @ShaneGadsby5 жыл бұрын

    Great work!

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it

  • @davidneedham6330
    @davidneedham63304 жыл бұрын

    Great video ty for sharing.

  • @JamesSleeman
    @JamesSleeman5 жыл бұрын

    Erm, I don't think you have the definition of C rating correct. The C rating is the capacity multiplier to get the discharge rate. In your example, a 10C battery of 3Ah capacity has a safe discharge rate of 10*3 = 30A, not 3.3A. I = C * Ah, or C = I / Ah, not I * Ah as you have specified.

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    Good catch! Makes a big difference. Must have been sleeping when I made that section. I'll update that on my website. Thanks for watching!

  • @dilshanchrishantha6548
    @dilshanchrishantha6548 Жыл бұрын

    well explained video.thanks

  • @brynyard
    @brynyard5 жыл бұрын

    Really good quality, clear information on how to make a battery pack. Keep these videos coming, hopefully the mysterious google ad beast will give you some well earned attention :)

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thanks, glad you enjoyed watching! I'll keep them coming

  • @sketchaus
    @sketchaus3 жыл бұрын

    Great video, thanks Adam! Not sure if the explanation for C rating is correct. I think that C * Ah = max discharge current. E.g .a 3Ah 10C battery can discharge at 30A, not 3.3A. Also, could you please give an affiliate link for the BMS you used? Thanks!

  • @akhilgupta1671

    @akhilgupta1671

    2 жыл бұрын

    yes there is a mistake in his calculation. Thanks for identifying!!

  • @bobmutchseo
    @bobmutchseo4 жыл бұрын

    very good video brother!

  • @technonizar1
    @technonizar14 жыл бұрын

    Very good learning..Is there any tutorial for designing a battery cell using Creo software..I want to learn about that..If you have, let me know..

  • @davidarango2207
    @davidarango22075 жыл бұрын

    Great tutorial! I'm trying to mod my scooter to be airplane-carriable, so I'll be 3D printing a quick-relases battery sled, to which I can easily add or remove indivudual cells. It currently has a cilindrical 5.4AH 36V 10S2P 18650 pack, and due to size constraints, I'm figuring a 5AH 10S1P 36V 21700 pack would do the trick. Any thoughs or suggestions for this endeavor?

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    Hmm, you'll need to build a self contained module to place all the cells in that breaks the battery output to a nice XT60 series connector or similar. You'll want the mechanical enclosure to be fairly robust. As long as you leave enough slack on the wires to plug and unplug it, you should be ok.

  • @davidarango2207

    @davidarango2207

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@AdamBender Thank you, I'll be aiming for something 3D printed that uses keyston clips to hold the batteries in place, and the XT60 connector is a very good Idea. By the way, have you had any experience with 21700 or on-parallel battery packs (10S1P)? I see that the max discharge rate of a single cell should be enough for the peak 350W draw of the 250W motor at 36V, but I've never actually tested a 21700 before.

  • @molitovv
    @molitovv5 жыл бұрын

    What a great video

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thanks Matt

  • @molitovv

    @molitovv

    5 жыл бұрын

    Adam Bender you’re welcome, incredible information density, great graphics and visuals, must have been a lot of work.

  • @rolltechinnovation6770
    @rolltechinnovation67703 жыл бұрын

    What is the base copper foil thickness and characteristics, are only ED copper foils used, can RA copper foils be also used, just curious whether RA copper foils are also used in making the anode current collectors : Thanks

  • @codyw4022
    @codyw40223 жыл бұрын

    Is there a way to half the battery pack and place them side by side and still have a 12s4p battery? This application would be to long for an electric skateboard. So basically instead of this. ---------- I want this ===

  • @JamesSleeman
    @JamesSleeman5 жыл бұрын

    Your lack of cell fuses is worth consideration. If a cell in a parallel group develops an internal short circuit then the other 3 cells in the group will dump into it - or in other words that parallel group as a whole will be shorted out, which is probably a bad thing. The BMS can not protect against that.

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    Cell fuses are certainly important for the reasons you mentioned. Unfortunately, they can be a bit difficult to install by conventional means, and the soldering risks damaging the cells. Do you know of another good way to DIY attach cell level fuses without too much heat? Thanks for watching!

  • @JamesSleeman

    @JamesSleeman

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@AdamBender Spot welding a single strand of suitable gauge wire that fuses at around the max discharge current of the cells for the parallel connections for each cell to the nickel strip connecting pairs of groups in series is doable. Or if you can find it then a considerably narrower and thinner nickel strip for the parallel connections than for the series connections. Certainly more difficult to build and perhaps less mechanically robust. An argument could be made it's not worth it for less than some number of parallel cells, and for modern cells the potential for internal shorts is low, but where exactly to draw the line I don't know. The thought of 3 fully charged 10C cells through a failed short cell gives me the willies, but also hard to test without actually having a failed-short cell to test with.

  • @AdamBender

    @AdamBender

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@JamesSleeman spot welding a small wire on could be tricky, but if successful, that would definitely add in a nice safety layer to isolate a bad cell. Would be interesting to try, maybe I'll see if I can get my hands on some thin wire and give it a go. Agreed on that much current dumping into a single cell from the parallel stack. Could definitely result in some thermal runaway which could propagate to surrounding cells. I wonder how much fault current an average 18650 can take before it ignites. Sounds like a test best done outside

  • @JamesSleeman

    @JamesSleeman

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@AdamBender kzread.info/dash/bejne/epOWlbGDpbTWdag.html

  • @sharmalaw175
    @sharmalaw1752 жыл бұрын

    WOW, Seems like a whole new world for me when the ambient temperature is 37 Degree Centigrade here in India.😒😒😥😥😭😭

  • @lassipls
    @lassipls3 жыл бұрын

    How do you learn this stuff?? I'm a second year mechanical engineering student and I feel like I know nothing

  • @thesafaripictures3453

    @thesafaripictures3453

    3 жыл бұрын

    i believe is passion and quest for knowledge

  • @kerjaserabutan3157
    @kerjaserabutan31574 жыл бұрын

    Bang dibahasa Indonesia

  • @omarfa2652
    @omarfa26523 жыл бұрын

    goddamn this video is SOOOO FRUSTRATING. what if you're building your own? can you explain anything besides how to build your stupid own 10s4p double layer?

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