*IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER & ADDENDUM:* - 1:45 In this case I specifically mean tetrachromats with a 4th "yellow" cone type most sensitive to approx. "lime" light. If the 4th cone is most sensitive to infrared or UV, then tetrachromats can perceive more of the electromagnetic light spectrum. - 5:15 Fully functional tetrachromacy not just adds a new "rainbow of colors[/hues]", but rather an entirely new dimension of color. Meaning that e.g. an originally trichromatic white (RGB) itself becomes a hue that can mix into a tetrachromatic white (in the video's case: RYGB), when it closes in on the new tetrachromatic color. It would be better to say that tetrachromacy adds an enitrely new dimension of colors to a rainbow, which is experienced as many new hues inside that rainbow, as a rainbow is displaying colors 2-dimensionally in a spectrum format. - The visualizations of tetrachromacy you can see in this video are very simplified. I'll make another video in the future, which goes a lot more into detail on how to functionally visualize and behaviorally simulate a form of tetrachomacy.

@meezivanhoutendijk3591

2 ай бұрын

kzread.info/dash/bejne/mHijo9VpobGdnLg.htmlsi=HdMuuczBkaEYDcZx

@meezivanhoutendijk3591

2 ай бұрын

At least one of your sources (New York magazine) is incorrect. The notion of seeing 100 million colors as a tetrachromate is an incorrect extrapolation. Aside from the factual stuff the video is beautifully made and it's surprising to see this channel not have the number of subscribers it deserves.

I've always had trouble explaining to my friends what my tetrachromacy is, but now that I've shown them this video they seem to understand it better. I've never seen or heard someone describe tetrachromacy in such detail without using hard to understand anatomical terms. I don't think that I'm able to make a sentence capable of expressing how much I want congratulate you on how well this video is made.

@ooqui

11 ай бұрын

Thank you! I'm happy to hear that my video has helped deepen your understanding of tetrachromacy and that of your friends. Given that the content of this video is already nine months old, and I've accumulated more research since then, I'm excited to share that more videos on tetrachromacy are in the pipeline. Apart from the two already available, there are more to come that delve even deeper into the topic. I'm developing a PC/VR application called "Color in Color", which has been instrumental in enhancing my comprehension of the intricacies of tetrachromatic vision, as well as that of pentachromatic, hexachromatic, and other complex visual systems. "Color in Color" enables users to simulate tetrachromacy effortlessly, offering a very unique perspective. In addition to the application, I'm also working on new visualizations designed to illustrate tetrachromatic vision in a more intuitive and engaging way. Stay tuned for these future updates as I'm sure they will bring even more light to the fascinating subject of expanded color perception and tetrachromacy.

@zromitsman

11 ай бұрын

@@ooqui I will follow your work with great interest, Programmer to Programmer :)

@meezivanhoutendijk3591

2 ай бұрын

Sorry to break your bubble mate kzread.info/dash/bejne/mHijo9VpobGdnLg.htmlsi=HdMuuczBkaEYDcZx

I've been tested by my eye doctor to confirm this.I have argued about color with people for years before this. Thanks for the info to help me explain! I can literally go see an entire wall of paint sample papers at a Home Depot and be able to pick out the exact one someone showed me earlier, bye memory of the color alone too. Color memory is great enough where I can "see" the exact shade in my brain and seek it out.

@ooqui

5 ай бұрын

From my experience, while I don't possess tetrachromacy, I've encountered an expansive range of 'impossible' colors, far exceeding the number a functional tetrachromat can distinguish. We're talking about trillions of new colors, which is several magnitudes greater than tetrachromatic vision. The ability to differentiate more colors aids in memorization and replication of specific hues. For instance, identifying a particular shade of yellow becomes more nuanced when you can discern its subtle leanings not just towards red or green, but across a broader trichromatically impossible spectrum including complex impossible color combinations like yellows which are more orange, lime, blue, magenta, cyan, turquoise, etc. This enhanced perception enriches the experience of color and expands the boundaries of visual understanding. In my exploration of color perception and in my endeavor to augment it, I've constructed special glasses that simulate a form of tetrachromacy, as demonstrated in one of my videos. These glasses have the unique ability to transform standard paint samples, typically varying only in saturation or value, into gradients filled with distinct impossible colors. Through these glasses, I can perceive color combinations like red/yellow ("rellow") and magenta/green ("mageen", akin to the fictional color 'octarine'). Try explaining these unique color experiences to your art teacher... :D On my channel, there's a video demonstrating how to simulate tetrachromacy for individuals with normal trichromatic vision using a VR headset (like a meta VR headset or a Pico 4, etc.) in combination with my application "Color in Color" (still in development). The tetrachromacy simulation video might be a great help to you in trying to explain to other people how many more colors you can distinguish. Words alone cannot accurately describe color experiences. Only by implementing more colors in the form of impossible colors into our vision we can simulate/mimic higher-dimensional color vision, like tetrachromacy, enabling the average trichromat to augment their color perception. This simulated experience goes beyond verbal explanations, providing a tangible insight into the expanded spectrum of colors distinguishable by tetrachromats, without us needing to actually see the exact same colors a tetrachromat can see.

Finally found someone talking about this, it's fascinating

@ooqui

Жыл бұрын

And more videos about various topics like this are in the production! :D Thank you for your interest.

@centy4897

Жыл бұрын

@@ooqui Already subscribed

I'm a tatrachromat, but as I look through my eyes since I was born I can hardly imagine how a trichromat sees the world. I mean, since I know it I can now explain, why e. g. I can so easily find grey fossiles in grey stone or green in green colored tiny orchids while hiking but I never thought that there's such a big difference to other people.

First vid of yours I’ve found. Fantastic! You mentioned that tetrachromacy doesn’t grant perception of wavelengths outside the typical range of the EM spectrum. Would you consider doing a video on creatures that can perceive wavelengths outside human vision? UV and infrared are the first to come to mind. The ability to perceived polarized light is another. This is truly quality work! You’ve earned a subscriber. Thanks 🙏🏽

@ooqui

8 ай бұрын

Thank you for your thoughtful comment and the subscription! *On Tetrachromacy:* You rightly pointed out that tetrachromacy doesn't extend our perception beyond the typical electromagnetic spectrum. While it doesn't allow us to see wavelengths like infrared or ultraviolet, tetrachromacy does enhance our ability to discern subtle variations within the visible spectrum. For instance, when observing a rainbow, someone with yellow tetrachromacy might distinguish the faint red/blue bands more distinctly against the cerulean-blue backdrop of the sky. Tetrachromacy thereby not only makes the rainbow appear richer in hues but also (slightly) more expansive. It's worth noting that this is specific to yellow tetrachromacy; other forms manifest differently. *On Creatures with Unique Vision:* Your suggestion about exploring creatures that perceive wavelengths beyond human vision is intriguing. I'm open to the idea, especially if we can draw parallels or insights into how their unique visual abilities might be translated or adapted to human vision. I've been delving into the possibility of humans perceiving UV and infrared light without relying on tools like night vision glasses. While I haven't made significant scientific breakthroughs yet, the journey of exploration continues. *On Polarized Light:* Stay tuned! My upcoming video will delve into how humans can perceive/discern polarized light using specialized glasses. What's even more exciting is that I've discovered a technique to perceive this polarization dichromatically, presenting it as a gradient of two distinct colors. I'm eager to share these findings with you all! :D Once again, thank you for your kind words and enthusiasm. It's interactions like these that fuel my passion for sharing knowledge. 🌈 Also, you might find the other videos on my channel highly interesting, especially the ones I've made on my VR application *Color in Color* which enables you to see *all* the possible impossible color combinations (like a red/green, which is not yellow) neatly implemented into normal human vision. I have a Discord linked in the video description, too, where I regularly post development screenshots of my application and what I can see with it. Just for comparison, normal trichromatic humans can distinguish about 16 million colors (on a computer screen). But with *Color in Color* normal trichromatic humans can distinguish between 140 trillion unique colors (i.e. impossible color combinations).

You deserve WAY more subscribers than 85.

My friend is a yellow tetrachromat. Meanwhile, I am (slightly) colourblind. I get jealous of her sometimes. She can see more colours and can tell the difference between natural yellow light and green + red light. I can't even tell the difference between green and yellow if they get too close while even normal people can tell the difference easily.

@ooqui

9 ай бұрын

Hey there! I totally understand where you're coming from. Your friend's tetrachromacy, which is quite rare, allows her to perceive a more detailed spectrum of colors within the visible color spectrum due to the presence of an additional cone type in her eyes. This is in contrast to the typical trichromatic vision most of us have, which is based on three types of cones sensitive to short, medium, and long wavelengths, respectively. On the other hand, colorblindness, like the one you mentioned you have, results from a deficiency or absence in one or more of these cone types. This can make distinguishing between certain colors challenging. For instance, the difficulty in differentiating between green and yellow could be attributed to the overlapping sensitivities of the cones responsible for these colors. It's fascinating how diverse our visual experiences can be based on the unique makeup of our eyes. While it might seem like a disadvantage at times, remember that everyone has their own unique perspective and way of experiencing the world. Thanks for sharing your experience, and always remember that our differences make the world a more colorful place, both literally and figuratively! Also, whether your friend truly is a tetrachromat remains to be scientifically tested, if it isn't already. I'm always viewing people's claims of being a tetrachromat with healthy scepticism because it's such a rare phenomenon and naturally difficult to test for.

@green-lean-espeon

9 ай бұрын

​@@ooqui In all honesty, I think the reason why it is harder to test for yellow tetrachromacy vs colourblindness is because most people are not colourblind so they have a frame of reference to compare to because they can see colours colourblind people can't, while yellow tetrachromacy is rare so there is very little frames of references you could compare to since most people can't see the colours they can. Of course, in all honesty as well, while yellow tetrachromacy is really nice, it would also be very nice to be able to see colours normally. It gets very difficult for me to play some games like Atomica Deluxe (or any games where the green and yellow are too bright) where I can't tell which orb is green or yellow. I wish colour difference games makes an option for colourblind people or add greyscale altogether so I don't have to rely on another person or a lua script running in the background to tell me what colour an object is.

this may be the most interesting youtube video i've ever seen. to think that white is a hue to them is just... insane

@ooqui

2 ай бұрын

It goes even further than just white being a hue to them. In trichromacy you can only have cone combination like this: R, G, B, RG, RB, GB, RGB; and of course everything in between. But in, for example, type yellow tetrachromacy you can have a lot more unique cone combinations: R, Y, G, B, RY, RG, RB, YG, YB, GB, RYG, RYB, RGB, YGB, RYGB. The new tetrachromatic colors RYG, RYB, YGB (and also RGB) are color categories a normal trichromat couldn't even imagine, i.e. truly unique tertiary colors. They're closer to the tetrachromatic white RYGB, but still unique colors. Just like cyan, yellow and magenta are generally more luminous to us because they're colors you get from combining the luminosity captured by two cones, but are still distinct colors. The tetrachromatic white will be perceptually very bright to a tetrachromat. RGB "white" doesn't just become a hue, it splits up into many different distinct whites. If you like this video, I'm sure you'll like my other videos, too. I've made videos about: how to correct color blindness; how to see octarine, the color of magic; how to see polarized light dichromatically; how simulate grapheme-color synesthesia, and that *with* impossible colors; how to access the human potential for hexachromacy and effectively simulate about 280 trillion more colors; and so on. I'm currently even working on glasses technologies that induces a type yellow tetrachromacy, which'll be my next video. I've made and still plan to do a lot of very exciting projects. :)

@thebigcheese192

2 ай бұрын

@@ooqui damn i keep trying to understand, but it's something my brain literally can't comprehend. makes me wonder if it would be possible to transplant a 4th yellow cone into a trichromat...

Good stuff! I look forward to following your research and development. Keep it up!

@ooqui

Жыл бұрын

Thank you! More videos are in the making.

underrated channel!

This is understandable and give me some serious answers . Thank you

thanks for the upload! i now discovered a very interesting topic

@ooqui

4 ай бұрын

In the future, I'm going to make a few more videos on tetrachromacy (and how to simulate it). It'll be very interesting because I've learned a lot about this topic since the upload of this video about a year ago. In the meantime, if you want, you can also click on my channel and check out my other videos if you're interested color vision and enhancing it.

Can't wait for more of your videos!!!

@ooqui

6 ай бұрын

More videos will come soon. :D

@DeZZie.M

6 ай бұрын

@@ooqui

Very interesting content, you just earned yourself a new subscriber sir

@ooqui

Жыл бұрын

Thanks! I'm currently working on a new video that will revolutionize how we see colors by using VR/AR/XR technology. So, it's a good time to subscribe, if I do say so myself. It's always nice to hear that people enjoy my content.

KZread finally doing its job, loved the video!

@ooqui

9 ай бұрын

Yes, the KZread algorithm finally picked up on one of my videos. And you'll be surprised what other videos I've uploaded here on my channel if you're interested in tetrachromacy and color vision augmentation. Thanks for watching and commenting! :D

@vasuca1tutoriales

8 ай бұрын

Rest assured that when I saw this video I immediately subscribed, love the quality of your content! @@ooqui

I think it's unlikely that the world is any more beautiful with more colors. You don't like a sunset because it has a lot of colors, you like a sunset because it's a *sunset,* and you grew up watching them. Most colorblind people don't even notice anything is different until they're tested. It's not any more drab or dull for them because it's what they grew up to see as beautiful. I think anyone's actual reaction to suddently having tetrachromacy would be to freak out rather than appreciate the beauty.

@ooqui

Ай бұрын

From what I've personally experienced, and I've seen MANY new colors of the past 3 years, colors tend to make everything look more beautiful; especially new colors. Of course, if the inherent shape of something isn't beautiful itself, then a nice color might not make it much prettier. And a sunset, as you said, is still a sunset even with dichromacy. But colors let you see details of things you couldn't see without them, allowing you to literally see more of the world. I've simulated dichromatic vision (protanopia & tritanopia) and although colors were heavily reduced (e.g. basically only yellow, white, blue & black) the objects themselves didn't change much in shape; only in color. Sunsets only become "less beautiful" in my opinion if you have monochromacy or achromatopsia. Totally being unable to see color makes it impossible for you to notice that there's even a sunset. You could just see that it's getting darker. So 'some' color is definitely helpful for perceiving beauty. Increasing one's dimensionality of color vision when going from trichromacy to tetrachromacy yields an exponential amount of new colors. I get that you might think that people would "freak out", but in actuality I believe that these new tetrachromatic colors - although a lot at first - will 'quickly' make sense to them, as they're created orderly, resp. non-chaotically. The sunsets I've seen with my app "Color in Color" and some of my special glasses were indeed more beautiful than normal, in the sense that I could perceive more of what I liked.

great video! this has way to little views for its quality

@timthecringe

3 ай бұрын

holy shit i cant believe you made the music as well

@ooqui

3 ай бұрын

@@timthecringe Almost all of the videos and its contents are done by me. This is a lot of work of course, but you also have more creative freedom that way.

@ooqui

3 ай бұрын

I'm already working on another video (and article on my website) on tetrachromacy, which goes *much* more in-depth into the topic. I've learned and discovered *a lot* in the year since I've uploaded this video.

But most screens only have red, blue, and green colored pixels, so it would be impossible to tell based of a test on a screen

@ooqui

4 ай бұрын

I don't know which part of the video you're referencing, but you're technically correct: It's basically impossible to display or simulate all of the possible tetrachromatic colors using only trichromatic data. For example, with just RGB data we don't have any information about something being "pure yellow", because to a trichromat yellow is always a red-green mix. A "yellow cone tetrachromat" should easily be able to distinguish a "true yellow" from a seemingly "yellow" red-green mixture. While we cannot display or simulate all of the possible tetrachromatic colors using an RGB screen and RGB data, we can however approximate them. Humans are virtual hexachromats (see this article I wrote for reference: sites.google.com/view/color-in-color/impossible-colors/human-hexachromacy?authuser=0 ). By making use of impossible color combinations, which can be identified and perceived as distinct colors, we have enough unique colors at our disposal to simulate a form of functional tetrachromacy. However, you either have to draw new tetrachromatic images using such a simulated tetrachromatic color space made up of impossible colors, or you can only look at trichromatic images with a small subset of all the tetrachromatic colors simultaneously, if you want to convert RGB into tetrachromatic images. As for the detection of a tetrachromat using a screen or other more scientific tests (which I think is the topic you refer to in your comment): To a real *functional* tetrachromat, which most genetically tested "tetrachromats" probably aren't, a RGB screen would look as dull to them color-wise, as a dichromatic (e.g. deuteranopia) image would look dull to us trichromats. However, even with more scientific tests we can never be sure on the actual qualia of the colors experienced by such a functional tetrachromat. Even if they behaviorly act very similar to how a tetrachromat is expected to behave color-wise, it's still difficult to determine both the functionality of their genetically tested tetrachromacy, and how they actually perceive and experience these colors. It's similar to the same debate about color perception as always: "Is my red your green, and your green my red?", because we still (sadly) cannot look and experience the world through the eyes of another person (yet). I have special glasses (I've already made a few videos about them) which simulate a better color vision. Wearing them and comparing what colors I can see in real-life compared to the same colors taken by my mobile phone it's incomparable. There's just so much color information missing if you compress the entire *visible* light spectrum into RGB data, that the colors are comparably dull. My conjecture is that you can, in fact, test for tetrachromacy on a RGB screen, but not using the currently main-stream and silly tests, which are most often just attention grabbing uninformed articles, but it's not easy to do so. It would basically be a reverse test for tetrachromacy. It wouldn't be: "Can you see more colors on this screen than irl?", but rather: "Can you see *significantly* less colors on this screen than irl?". This conjecture is based on my own technologically enhanced color vision, and still remains to be tested on more individuals. I hope this has helped in your understanding of tetrachromacy.

Do screens look dull and unrealistic to tetrachromats?

@ooqui

8 ай бұрын

Screens operate trichromatically. This means that there are just 3 basic colors used to create every color in between these 3 basic colors: red, green and blue. As you suspected, if you have a 4th cone that's specifically sensitive to yellow (not actual "yellow" light; in this case it means: not confusable with the red or green cone type) light, for instance, then screens will look "unrealistic" and "dull" to you, a tetrachromat. Imagine a hypothetical 'dichromatic' screen that only uses yellow and blue pixels, as the world is seen by a dichromat. You would still see colors with it, but not nearly as much as you could see with a trichromatic screen.

@erkinalp

4 ай бұрын

@@ooqui A normal human's cones peak at red, yellow and blue respectively. A tetrachromat's so-called "yellow" cone peaks at orange. While they might be able to tell apart true yellow from red+green, it would not look so dull.

@ooqui

4 ай бұрын

@@erkinalp - The "red" cone type is most sensitive to "yellowish" light, while the "green" cone type is most sensitive to "greenish" light. - Like reductive anomalous trichromacies, which result in very different kinds and severities of color vision deficiencies, tetrachromacy comes in different flavors also; based on your unique genetic dice roll. A tetrachromat's new cone type can be most sensitive to orange, amber, lime, chartreuse, or basil (etc.) light, which will result in different severities and functionalities of tetrachromacy. - When adding a new 4th "yellow" cone type, a tetrachromat can not only tell a red-green mixture better apart from a true yellow. But there's a whole new dimension of color added. While you can display all trichromatic hues as a hue spectrum (i.e. a straight line) or as a hue circle (i.e. the two ends of said line connection to form a circle), you cannot do the same thing for tetrachromatic hues. Tetrachromatic hues can only be displayed by an unfolded tetrahedron, whose edges and sides display all the possible tetrachromatic hues, while its volume contains all the possible tetrachromatic colors. Just like a trichromat can theoretically see inifinitely more hues than a dichromat, a tetrachromat can theoretically see infinitely more hues than a trichromat. Color vision increments in dimensionality with each new cone type. Similar to how you get infinitely more spatial possibilities with the addition of a new spatial dimension. - To a trichromat a blue/yellow screen would look like only having 2 hues, while e.g. a blue/green screen would look like have all the hues between blue and green (i.e. e.g. blue, cobalt, cyan, turquoise, green, etc.). So depending on the hues/colors you choose, such a dichromatic screen viewed by a trichromat can have only two distinguishable hues, or at most 1/3 of the originally distinguishable hues. Because I've got some information on tetrachromacy incorrect in a few of my videos I'll soon publish a new video on tetrachromacy (and how to functionally and correctly simulate it), which goes into full detail. I'm also currently writing an article about tetrachromacy on my website, which will be a lot more informative than this video.

Now im more interested into mantis shrimp that has 12 cones in its eyes. When you see their eyes it seems like they can see all of the magnetic spectrum. From microwaves to ultraviolet. But more likely they see ultraviolet and infrared. But who knows....

@ooqui

9 ай бұрын

With the help of the app "Color in Color" I'm currently developing you don't even need to venture beyond the visible spectrum in order to see "new" colors and more visual details. I've already uploaded two videos on "Color in Color" on this channel and you can see there that it's already enough to impossibly combine the colors we can already see by breaking binocular redundancy to augment our color vision immensly. The mode "Color in Value" of "Color in Color" introduces a huge amount of distinct colors to different brightness levels of a singular chromaticity. The details you can see with this are likely not even perceptible to a mantis shrimp. All of this to say: Your eyes are already enough. And when used and combined with technology in just the right way you can literally see more of the world and reality than any other animal. No mantis shrimp eyes or 12+ cones needed. Just good old human ingenuity.

@preflex3502

4 ай бұрын

What would be the source of UV light in the ocean depths? What selection pressure would give advantage to the ability to perceive a wavelength of light which never illuminates their surroundings? How could such an adaptation propagate through the entire species without selection pressure?

Was it intentional for us to be able to see all of the colors in the tetrachromatic color intersection chart?

@ooqui

Жыл бұрын

If you mean the simulation display of the tetrachromatic color intersection chart at 01:30, then yes. The chart only simulates how a tetrachromacy chart might look like. I obviously can't show you how it would actually look like. You would need to have tetrachromacy and an RYGB screen for that. If I made the yellow color e.g. red then the chart wouldn't showcase how the new fourth primary color affects the other 3 primary colors. It's inherently difficult to simulate tetrachromacy on a single RGB screen.

@yovan916

Жыл бұрын

@@ooqui Thank you for the response. That makes more sense.

AKA being high and eating shrooms

Usually how I explain what i see to others is rhat i see colors in other colors but thats not the only thing it is i jist dont know how else to explain it

While I AM NOT goint to make any mockery here, I do think that you should provide human-made CC for your videos. I'm not native English speaker either, but this rtaher thick German (?) accent isn't very conductive to understanding your narrative. Again, I'm not making fun here, and neither I'm mocking you, consider my comment just as a feedback (which it is). Cheers.

@ooqui

2 ай бұрын

I'm someone who loves to get (preferably constructive) criticism, so you don't have to be so defensive when writing such a well-meant but usually not too easy to convey comment in the future. I'm working on my accent, but this is probably a life-long project that becomes better over time and with each video. Thank you for your feedback! :D I may retroactively add closed captions in the future, when I find the time to do so.

@MrKotBonifacy

2 ай бұрын

@@ooqui Nice to hear from you, I was tad "defensive" as my experience points to people more often being kinda. erm... "unwelcoming" to any remarks that touch on them personally, AND then I didn't know you, so to be on a safe side... And to stress the crux of my message too. Yeah, getting one's accent right is not easy thing to do, and I wish you success in this "struggle". Cheers!

Tetrachromats do NOT see more colors than we do! They can just tell the difference between certain shades of color better than trichromats. The fourth cone doesn‘t increase the colors, cause it doesn‘t add anything new to the spectrum. The range of wavelength that they can see isn‘t increased by the fourth cone.

@ooqui

4 ай бұрын

Thank you for your criticism, but you're incorrect. Functional tetrachromats do see more colors and hues. A functional fourth cone type increases the dimensionality of colors you can see by an additional color dimension. This happens regardless of whether the new cone type happens to be between the already existing cone types, as long as it's distinct enough. By your logic, if a deuteranope − someone who can only see red and blue (and no other hues) and with subsequently no green cone type − wouldn't be able to see any new colors and hues if you would bestow the missing green cone type upon them. But not only the opposite is the case, there are even colors created − when going from dichromacy to trichromacy − which cannot exist dichromatically. An example of such a color is magenta; a virtual color your brain makes up if you perceive both red and blue, but no green light; a color which has no associate single wavelength. Single visible wavelengths are (without a human experiencing them) independet of colors, but single visible wavelengths (and any combination thereof) are always interpreted as having a color, like the combinatory color magenta proves. When a deuteranope gets a functional green cone type they'll be able to see colors like a trichromat. They'll have a better color discriminability and a new dimension of color (in this case: green) with which they can compare the colors they could see before to create new color experiences (like purple or cyan). While with deuteranopia only R (for red) and B (for blue) was possible and their dichromatic mix would be experienced as white (RB), with trichromacy you can see R, G (for green), B, RG, RB and GB, and many more unique in-between colors. With the dichromacy 'deuteranopia' everything's either red or blue, no other hue. When we upgrade from trichromacy to a functional form of tetrachromacy, like with an additional "yellow" cone type, our color dimensionality increases again; and exponentially on top of that. In tetrachromacy the following color combinations are possible: R, Y (for "yellow"), G, B, RY, RG, RB, YG, YB, GB, RYG, RYB, RGB, YGB, and "white" (RYGB). That's 15 distinct colors, 8 more than in trichromacy, with even unique tertiary colors (i.e. RYG, RYB, RGB YGB), which are totally new color concepts unimaginable to trichromats. The quality of these new colors and hues might vary based on the functionality and distinctiveness of the new 4th cone type, but a new color dimension is added nonetheless. In this kind of tetrachromacy there are multiple "unreal" colors, like the trichromatic magenta. These are: RG, RB, YB, RYG, RYB, RGB, YGB. There's not just one "unreal" color like the trichromatic magenta anymore, but more. Such colors cannot be displayed by a standard trichromatic representation of colors/hues. While you can, for example, display all the trichromatic hues (not colors, so just the spectral colors) in a hue circle, in tetrachromacy you cannot do that. For tetrachramacy you need an unfolded tetrahedron's sides and edges to display all the possible tetrachromatic hues, and the entire volume of that tetrahedron to display all the possible tetrachromatic colors (saturation only, without luminance variants). New color information doesn't come from the visible light spectrum, but from each additional functional cone type. A tetrachromat, whose new cone type lies within the trichromatic visible light spectrum, doesn't perceive entirely new visual information, but they perceive new color information by being able to perceive a multitude of more colors, which then results in new perceivable visual information on its own. If the new 4th cone type would be most sensitive to UV light, for example, and would thereby lie outside of the trichromatic visible light spectrum, it would only add more visual UV information, but not significantly new color information compared to a RYGB tetrachromat. Tetrachromacy is a very complex topic. It's like comparing the 3rd and the 4th spatial dimension.

@crazybarley4817

4 ай бұрын

You‘re right with dichromacy, but with 3 types of cones you can already see the whole spectrum (that humans are able to see). As I said, the fourth cone doesn‘t add anything new to that, thus they aren‘t seeing more colors. They can tell the difference between shades of colors (especially yellow hues) easier than trichromats. But not whole new colors, as trichromats can already see the whole spectrum. Do you have any sources to back up your statements? Btw, are you German?

@ooqui

4 ай бұрын

@@crazybarley4817 By your answer I appears to me that you didn't understand the point I was making. I was specifically talking about deuteranopia, not just any dichromacy. Normal trichromats are essentially "just" deuteranopes with an additional green cone. Then trying to argue that trichromats don't really see more colors than deuteranopes, and that the third ("green") cone type doesn't increase colors, would clearly be incorrect. Trichromats see many many more colors than deuteranopes do. In fact, trichromats see another whole new dimension of color (i.e. the "green" dimension). Color is not an intrinsic property of light, but a visual property made up by our brain, with our eyes as its tool. The experience of color is created by comparing the excitations of the different kinds of cone types that you possess. One more cone type and there's a whole new dimension of color you can compare all the previously perceiveable colors to; and this includes "white". For why functional tetrachromats do see whole new hues and colors, please reread my previous comment thoroughly. Let's make a thought experiment and say that your theory was correct: How would a tetrachromat be able to tell different shades of yellow hues easier apart compared to a trichromat if a tetrachromat cannot perceive more colors? Just making the original trichromatic colors stronger doesn't work because it would be contradictory to the tetrachromatic cone excitation values. How would a tetrachromat be able to identify one yellow from another if it's not a significantly different color? Again: The visible light spectrum doesn't determine how many colors we can perceive. Our amount of distinct cone types in combination with our brain, which compares their varying excitation values, determines how many colors we can perceive and distinguish. We could see half the visible light spectrum (e.g. only light between the wavelengths associated with "turquoise" to "red"), but if we had the same amount of distinct cone types, just closer together and a bit more narrow, we would see the same amount of colors but within a smaller visible light spectrum. I'm currently writing an article on my website about tetrachromacy and I'll make an updated future video on this topic is as well. Both will go in-depth into how you can understand (and functionally simulate a form of) tetrachromacy, with clear visualizations. You'll find sources and links to interesting related articles and studies there and then. (Yes, I'm German.)

@crazybarley4817

4 ай бұрын

I know that people with deuteranopia, protanopia and tritanopia see „less color“ than people with trichromatic vision do, but I don‘t know about tetrachromacy, as trichromats can already see the whole spectrum. But I kinda understand what you mean. I‘m looking forward to that video, maybe I can understand it better then. Grüße aus BaWü

@Frankthegb

Ай бұрын

So we… see more colours. No need to be insecure about it mate

2 x chromosomes are needed to get this trait, you have to be a woman or a transexual man to be tetrachromat.

@ooqui

3 ай бұрын

Yes, that's generally correct.