Christian's full episode. The Universe's Endgame with Christian Ready kzread.info/dash/bejne/p6Oj3Kyogtiwaag.html

@jennytalia6724

5 жыл бұрын

this will be great for dishwashing entertainment

@smarthomedirekt7935

5 жыл бұрын

You deserve a (Black) (w)Hole more of subscribers! I mean, good content is very common but great content is rare to find these times on KZread. Keep up the great work, JMG!

Great episode!

@EventHorizonShow

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks Isaac!

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks Isaac! Gonna go unwind with Black Hole Ships.

@LaunchPadAstronomy

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks Isaac!

Appreciate this extra bit. I almost forgot about this part of our conversation :) Cheers!

@EventHorizonShow

5 жыл бұрын

Launch Pad Astronomy too much fun to fit in one episode!

Omg I almost started crying when you guys were talking about how we are in the golden age. Keep doing your thing!!

I can't wait for James Webb to go online so we can study these exoplanets' atmospheres properly. I need to know which one to buy a time share on!

If our universe is cyclical, imagine some advance civilizations prior to the Big Bang. Saying it's a shame, that the civilizations after this cycle will not know about "?????" and "???????" they will only see stars, and know only of their cycle and not the others. It's our starless black sky. :)

With folks like JMG and Mr. Ready I think the future is in good hands!

Listening 👂 to an interesting conversation with a space background music 🎧 is a bliss ☺️

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Oh totally. The best space content has music.

Guys like Christian, John, and Dan Carlin are the best. They are excited to pass on knowledge and they do it with out a shred of pretentiousness. These videos make the youtubes red sub worth the 10$. We need more like these guys.

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@caneyebus

5 жыл бұрын

@@JohnMichaelGodier no, thank you for the great content. I'm so glad I stumbled upon your channels.

Great video! I think Proxima and Barnard might be hostile for life as we know it, but Gliese 667 C certainly not.

I love that your uploads coincide perfectly with my study schedule. It really helps me down different avenues of thought that I never would’ve otherwise considered. In a nutshell the back and forth you have with your guests truly is mind opening. Thank you John 👍👍 two thumbs up

Once a red dwarf gets past its active flare stage and stabilizes a bit, life could take root. It could also be subterranean. If it does take root and grow and adapt, then it has many, many years ahead to thrive and develop. What a fascinating thought to contemplate...

Such an interesting conversation, thanks

John I’ve been listening to your channel for a while now and I have to say its the best channel on youtube such beautiful awe inspiring content delivered in such a humble and inspiring way. Thank you for your hard work. Also i love the track on this video truly stunning what is it called? :) Keep making amazing content

Another good discussion. Thank you

9:12 That comparison... my head, it hurts.

Speaking of inspiration, this little YT community has gotten me into reading scifi again. Technical reading was becoming too much of a drudgery especially when it comes to learning C++. I picked up Dune a couple weeks ago, am ~50 pages from the end, and received Messiah in the mail today....I wish I had done this sooner :-)

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Gotta take a break sometimes and dig into the sci fi!

Hey JMG, great vid as per usual. Wondering if you have anything about the Great Attractor in the works? Maybe a long episode with an interview about it and what it could possibly be & how long before we reach it? Would be very interesting to hear your thoughts about it.

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

We'll tackle it for sure at some point.

@mauricioabyara4171

5 жыл бұрын

The Great Attractor is the local flow centered on the Concentration of Shapley clusters, this concentration is located at 650 million light years and is the largest and most massive concentration of matter in the Universe about 1 billion light-years away. It is now known that 11 of the 25 clusters of galaxies of the Shapley Supercluster are in the process of gravitational collapse to form a cluster of galaxies with a mass of 5 quadrillion of suns the most massive cluster of the concentration is the Abell 3558 a famous cluster with mass of 700 trillion of very bright suns on the x-ray. More than 30 percent of the collapsed structure mass according to an article I read may correspond to clusters of galaxies that are within the collapsed area of ​​these 11 clusters of galaxies. The most massive cluster of galaxies in the direction of the great attractor is the Abell cluster 3627 which is hidden under the plane of the Milky Way but has already been confirmed and observed on x-ray by Chandra and other x-ray observatories it is located at 220 million light years away and has a mass between 900 trillion and 1 quadrillion suns, making it the second most massive cluster of galaxies in our local Universe after the Coma Cluster, the Abell 3627 is also known as Norma Cluster. Some other clusters of galaxies between the Shapley concentration distance and Abell 3627 were more recently discovered and confirmed. In fact the great attractor is a stream of clusters of galaxies, each one corresponding slightly to the speed at which the local group is traveling towards the Shapley Supercluster. Norma Cluster will never fall into the Shapley Supercluster, and our local group will never reach the Norma Cluster even though our entire nearby Universe is traveling towards that flow of structures, speed is not enough in front of the cosmic expansion velocity. And not all the Shapley Supercluster is fully gravitationally connected there are two distinct regions of it observed in the collapsing x-ray one involving 11 clusters and another 4 clusters, the rest of the clusters in the Shapley Supercluster are not in the process of gravitational collapse. In 2016 more than 883 new galaxies were discovered all over that region they are scattered over 5 new structures discovered 3 of them now known as NW1, NW2 and NW3 are in Norma's Wall which has as core the Abell Cluster 3627 they extend between the Cluster Standard to the second most massive cluster of that Wall of Galaxies, the CIA J1324.7-5736 after the much more massive Abell 3627 cluster, these structures must be connected to both galaxy clusters gravitationally just as the Big Dipper clusters are connected to Virgo Cluster and are being drawn to the Virgo Cluster thanks to the massive force of this cluster, the other two structures CW1 and CW2 are closer to the Hydra Centaur Wall and are 2 clusters of new galaxies discovered. The entire mass of the 883 new galaxies discovered in these two regions towards the Shapley Supercluster, but much closer together can represent up to 1 quadrillion of masses of mass in additional mass, thus contributing even more to the gravitational flow of the local group towards the direction of the Shapley Supercluster . arxiver.wordpress.com/2016/02/10/the-parkes-hi-zone-of-avoidance-survey-ga/ iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/0004-6256/151/3/52/pdf The Abell 3627 corresponds to 5% to 10% of the speed at which the local group is being attracted to this region currently at 600 KM / s chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2007/a3627/a3627_xmm_outline.jpg The Chandra x-ray image of the most central part of the Abell 3627 located 220 million light-years in the image is possible to see the hot gas pocket belonging to the Cluster that corresponds to many trillions of solar masses in gas and shines in the x-ray in the upper right corner it is possible to note carefully that a galaxy is currently falling within the Cluster core, and is having its gas envelope slowly being removed to be added to the gas that is in the hot state in the Abell 3627. Cluster of galaxies are gravitational attractors, the more massive the cluster the greater its radius of gravitational attraction. I'm translating this comment into the translator, so if you're not understanding any part of it, I hope you understand.

@OptimusGnarkill

5 жыл бұрын

Mauricio abyara That was very interesting to read, thank you! And it was perfectly translated into English. So, do you think the Great Attractor is just a huge concentration of galaxies that produces so much gravity that it attracts everything nearby? I was hoping it was something we’ve never seen before, but this is just as fascinating.

@mauricioabyara4171

5 жыл бұрын

@@OptimusGnarkill Thank you for being satisfied with the comment and understanding what I wrote. In fact, it is not what I think is what the articles already made about this region of the Universe have already been able to answer for what has already been discovered through the x-ray and infrared telescopes of the past and the most current ones have also been able to map and confirm these structures which in this case are clusters of massive galaxies and filaments. Each of these structures corresponds to some% of the movement of the local group and neighboring groups in that direction, the greater fraction of which comes from the Shapley concentration which is obviously credited for having a total mass of 15 quadrillion suns and extending for a volume only one little bigger than the volume of the Virgo Supercluster which in our case is where our local group is and is where we live following the gravitational attraction also exerted by the Virgo Cluster. The Concentration of Shapley Supercluster is the largest concentration of clusters and clusters of galaxies on our part in the near Universe up to 1 billion light years away, its mass plays a considerable role in the local flow of galaxies, obviously there are several articles of study already made on the structure of the Shapley Supercluster that can be found on the Internet for free to read in PDF, including the collapsible nucleus of clusters that is currently known to be in the process of gravitational collapse involving 11 clusters of bright galaxies in x-ray, local flow is going toward the 3627 Abell Cluster and consequently the enormous concentration of Shapley, but the structure is further away from the local group than the local group is approaching it, because of the cosmic expansion, it is just a large galaxy attractor, Clusters of galaxies are attractors of matter that we know naturally, the more massive m the object is within their gravitational radius then the object will sooner or later fall into the cluster, if the object is outside the gravitational radius of collapse of the cluster then the object is only attracted towards it , but it will never fall into it even though it is traveling towards the respective structure, it is confusing but it is possible to understand, it is not something that from another world or another Universe that is pulling our part of our Universe for him, it is just flows of galaxies, and many clusters up to 650 million light-years away that exert a gravitational flow towards them, the Shapley is largely responsible for all this flux as studies have already done and what is known of this structure. What we call the Great Attractor is also known as Shapley Supercluster. Below is the link to a PDF on the Shapley Supercluster, the link shows the complete mapping of the region that the 11 clusters of galaxies mentioned in my commentary are in the process of gravitational collapse to form a gigantic clusters of galaxies of 5 quadrillion solar masses , in the image it is possible to also see the dimension of them, their names and the filaments that are known that interconnect the collapsing structure. As I mentioned in the other commentary it is clear to see that the largest and most massive concentration in collapse is the Abell 3558. Page 4: Large-scale image showing clearly that the Shapley Supercluster is the great attractor. Page 5: The entire cluster of Shapley mapped quadrant green area of ​​the 11 clusters in gravitational collapse so far in concentration, on the right side we have; Abell 3532, 3528, 3530 and RXJ1252 the second collapsed area with their respective orange-colored agglomerates. Page 14: the concentration of the 11 clusters mapped on the x-ray that are currently converging to gravitational collapse and multiple fusions to form a single cluster. file:///C:/Users/PRINCIPAL/Downloads/Haines_VST_ShaSS%20(10).pdf academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/481/1/1055/5079654?redirectedFrom=PDF This is the so famous big attractor. There is also the repellent dipole that you can see in this article also on page 4, the repellent dipole is a huge void of galaxies that is contributing to accelerate our entire Universe next to the Shapley Supercluster and its ramifications, now by my opinion I think the repellent dipole as mysterious as the great attractor that is the Shapley Supercluster. Very interesting an empty structure is acting as a repellent to accelerate all the matter of the near Universe towards the Shapley concentration, I would not say that this is the work of a hypothetical mega civilization, it is only the Universe functioning in large scale of dimension. academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/481/1/1055/5079654?redirectedFrom=PDF I like this Channel because it has touched on issues about clusters of galaxies, I think the clusters of galaxies are the most fascinating structures in the Universe. And I find it very interesting that the people who play the Channel touch this subject at some point, there are a lot of people who do not know and think that the big attractor is the end, it's a mega civilization doing a mega-scale engineering process to gather the maximum of possible matter that they can capture to secure their future in the distant time or is a rip in our Universe that will destroy and MILKY WAY and etc, etc, etc, is just an extremely massive Supercluster nothing more than that, It exerts an influential gravitational flowing power in our local Universe. There are also others: Corona Borealis Supercluster eg 1 billion light-years away.

Now I want to look up navigation techniques to see how many visible objects one needs to get a fix.

@eddydogleg

5 жыл бұрын

I can't see why you couldn't navigate on your planet. I would guess you'd have a magnetic field and the only other things in your sky would be your sun and planets so you would be very familiar with them. The trick would be coming up with accurate time keeping.

@anna-elizabeth

5 жыл бұрын

@@eddydogleg I agree that it should be possible to do something. I think the people's needs would drive what they came up with more so than the limitations.

A star is only truly a Red Dwarf as long as has The Rimmer Experience, or at least a Rimmerworld. At least that's what Arnold Rimmer told me.

@avonacolyte

4 жыл бұрын

Presumably, in an infinite multiverse, exactly that does exist somewhere.

Thanks, really enjoyed!

Is it even possible that the Universe will survive for something like 5 trillion years? Considering the distance between the stars and galaxies that has been achieved in 13.8 billion years and it is accelerating in its expansion.. is it possible that these hypothetical blue dwarf stars will never have the chance to exist because of something like the big rip happening before 5 trillion years?

@LaunchPadAstronomy

5 жыл бұрын

According to some models, that may well be the case. Still not clear at this time, however.

@Dragrath1

5 жыл бұрын

Yeah and with recent evidence increasingly supporting dark energy increasing which could mean the big rip is a real possibility... The big rip kinda scares me.... 0_0

Wouldn't you as a civilization capable of transiting between star systems want to reduce non-inhabited system stars down to dwarfs via "Star Lifting"? Am I wrong to assume any non-viable planets in a system would be reduced to resources along with their host stars?

@friendlyone2706

5 жыл бұрын

Interesting question.

So excited to see a video from you!

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Many more coming :)

@jodiekregel3446

5 жыл бұрын

​@@JohnMichaelGodier Awesome! I've been loving all your interviews, and your Event Horizon channel.

Always happy to see a new upload from you John.

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

:)

I think the true question of all time is "what happens when you die?".

Thank-you again for helping slip into fluffy pillow and drifting whilst coming back tomorrow to finish video. X

The discussions are always fascinating though I'm not sure the accompanying video always works. Always worth listening to though.

Interesting video I love bonus material! A sky with no visible stars in it is a lonely thought. I'm glad we have a long time before that happens. So how could you turn a red dwarf blue? If you could it would be valuable you could customize star systems to colonize. Thanks for the video!

I love your videos 👍🏼

This is an important topic. If we are going to dedicate so much time to looking at these systems, we should answer this question first!

Before trying to answer this question: "Can Red Dwarf Stars Support Life?", it would be nice if we had a definition that we can agree on of what actually life is - or what we are actually looking for.

Happy Arthursday!

Really interesting!!! 😃

Smoke me a kipper, I'll be back for breakfast.

Show suggestion: Describe how the solar system moves around the Milky Way and its various oscillations. Is it true the solar system moves up and down through the plane of the Milky Way like a spring going up and down.

@IudiciumInfernalum

5 жыл бұрын

Just the planets. The sun isn't affected by this movement.

There's Christian Ready and there's 1080 interlaced Christian but, for the best experience, there's Full Christian.

@12:30, No: You mine the crystalized helium and put it in your fusion reactors. :D Again, no: you can't open a wormhole to a universe incompatible with the universe you're in because the gate won't open on the other side because it's governed by the properties of the universe in which is spawns; the problem self corrects.

@jamespetherick6151

5 жыл бұрын

Please provide evidence and maths for that statement, the way you have constructed that statement it almost sounds like an opinion

@LordSlag

5 жыл бұрын

@@jamespetherick6151 I can't. It just seems objectively obvious to me. Doesn't it to you? Why would our spacetime conduits be able to reach a spacetime that doesn't allow for such conduits as ours? It's nonsensical.

@mauricioabyara4171

5 жыл бұрын

About controlled nuclear fusion: if civilization has the mastery of artificial nuclear fusion, then it can last many, many times longer than ESTELA ERA, basically referring to the fusion involving helium-3. If civilization has some giant nearby gas planet then it can pump its helium-3 and its deuterium to feed its nuclear fusion reactors, say at the 1 million tonne per year scale, would be enough to maintain a huge high-tech civilization very comfortably. A Urano-like planet could provide fuel for this civilization on this scale of mining for more than 1 trillion years. There is a video on the Isaac Arthur Channel about Colonizing Neptune and another on colonizing Jupiter, she touches on the subject of using these gaseous giants to mine fusion fuel in both videos. It is worth remembering that helium-3 can also be manufactured from the controlled nuclear fusion of deuterium-deuterium, so if helium-3 ends however they still have much more deuterium they can produce energy with the fusion of deuterium and still produce helium- 3 in the process. In theory the only thing better than fusion to produce energy in the distant future is to throw matter into a black hole of stellar mass between 6% and 20% of the mass of matter can be transformed into energy by this method depending on the type of black hole: rotating and non-rotating. Here you can feed a black hole with helium, carbon or also hydrogen and also nitrogen as well as other elements easier than iron. Remembering that finding a giant brown gas or dwarf planet is often easier than finding a black hole, and that's the icing on the cake for a civilization looking for an extremely durable and efficient source of energy.

Hi, our own sun is a yellow dwarf but during daylight we don't see the whole earth yellowish, does this mean a planet with a red dwarf star will also appear during daytime as our own earth? Thanks

Brilliant content, much love from Edinburgh, Scotland ✌️

I loved this video to bits, and I'm definitely checking out Christian Ready's channel. But I gotta ask, can Red Dwarf stars support life?

@LaunchPadAstronomy

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks, and the answer is..... ¯\_(ツ)_/¯

@legendofloki665i9

5 жыл бұрын

@@LaunchPadAstronomy Haha, true, you got me there. Though I did enjoy the two cents you put on the topic over on your chanel in a similarly typed video. ^^

@jaredchampagne2752

5 жыл бұрын

No one really has the slightest clue to this question, I’m just as sad as you!

@frankschneider6156

5 жыл бұрын

LegendofLoki665i If an Earth or a Superearth-like planet is in the habitable zone of a red dwarf, it will be tidally locked. This means the planetary side facing the red dwarf will be extremely hot, the other side extremely cold. Life can't develop under these conditions, that's a fact. But there is a ring-shaped zone between these 2 sides, where temperatures are moderate and the development of life might be possible, but this of course is only a slim strip, and thus massively reduces the likelihood of life developing on this planet (to the ratio of ring surface vs planetary surface). There are other factors influencing all of this (e.g. density of the atmosphere, carrying heat from the warm to the cold side, which has an effect on width of the zone, but this results in permanent, incredibly massive storms, which would not be very beneficial for higher life). So in general: you can't rule out life around a red dwarf with 100% certainty, but the likelihood is very, very low. So setting it to 0 in first approximation is not a too bad assumption (although it is actually at little bit above 0%, but not that much). Focusing on discovering life on an Earth/Superearth-like planet in the habitable zone around 3rd generation singular K and G stars outside of the galactic center and globular star clusters is likely to have the highest chance of discovering extraterrestrial life.

Coold you also upload to Spotify podcast. So I can listen in the car

I think they'd rather be called Little red Stars John.. not dwarfs

@ONECOUNT

4 жыл бұрын

Little sized challenged star and dont call it red!

There's two kind of people. 1: Maybe they'll just shut off the light and... 2: ...decide to catch another big bang or different dimension.

Best if a planet is in the outer parts of the habitable zone of a red dwarf star. That way, the planet is highly unlikely to be tidally locked. It might be quite cold in the outer parts of a habitable zone, especially that of a red dwarf star, but if the atmospheric conditions are right, the average surface temperature for a planet could be around the same as Earth, maybe a degree or two cooler.

Surely an alien society that develops in a dark sky galaxy, whenever they develop technology, theyll pick up redio bursts from black holes, neutron stars etc, and might be able to map the galaxy that way?

Red Dwarf's are the 94 Toyota Celicas of the universe!

Request to have @ParallaxNick on the show

@anna-elizabeth

5 жыл бұрын

I concur. I think JMG and ParallaxNick would be a marvelous combination.

@EventHorizonShow

5 жыл бұрын

We like Nick a lot! They are in contact.

@michaelmcconnell7302

5 жыл бұрын

ParallaxNick is amazing

@mikelfunderburk5912

5 жыл бұрын

Yeah. Nick is awsome!

Sam Ash was a great music store!

So converting a red dwarf into a blue dwarf should be doable, right? If so, what a technosignature!

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Excellent point, if someone detects a blue dwarf now, then yeah, total technosignature. That would shake things up for sure!

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

And ... I hope someone finds one lol

@friendlyone2706

5 жыл бұрын

So, who is doing a blue dwarf search? With the right filters, is it possible for a sophisticated amateur or grad student?

What if the Big Bang was created by people in a previous universe, trying to escape the end of their universe? They succeeded in creating the universe, but failed to jump to the new universe.... Fermi Paradox explained!

@mauricioabyara4171

5 жыл бұрын

As already said in a long video of the Channel, the best way to prepare for the expansion of the Universe is to migrate to a cluster of galaxies. We have thousands of clusters within reach if we can develop an engine capable of accelerating at 10% of the speed of light, putting everything 1.3 billion light years within reach. Some huge and close celebrities are: Virgo Cluster, Norma Cluster, Perseus Cluster and Coma Cluster.

Imagine naming your kid Christian Ready and he turns out to be an astrophysicist.

I thought every star had a habitable zone?

@dreammirrorbrony1240

5 жыл бұрын

Red Dwarfs do have such zones very close in to them, but Red Dwarfs are often so erratic & flare up so much, such planets would be bathed in lethal radiation too often to be good candidates for life to evolve.

@leejamestheliar2085

5 жыл бұрын

However there are lifeforms that thrive in radioactive material, here on earth!

@EventHorizonShow

5 жыл бұрын

@@leejamestheliar2085 great point.

@dannydazzler1549

5 жыл бұрын

You need to study basic chemistry my friend.

@leejamestheliar2085

5 жыл бұрын

@@dannydazzler1549 you are not dazzling, why pick a moniker that has no resemblance to your intellectual identity ?

Interesting but does not address the title question. I thought this would be about the potential habitability around red dwarfs, not wild speculation about living near a blue dwarf in a dead universe trillions of yrs from now.

From the early 80s to about 2012 we were most certainly in a dark age for space exploration and space sciences. Future generations will see it this way with how much stagnation and even backwards trajectory that happen with manned space flight. It will be seen that high speed internet allowing broad access to scientific information, along with the excitement Space X installed into society that brought us out of this modern dark age...

From 12:30 I would say they could still get energy through nuclear fission reactors as long as they find a great source of this in the distant future: near a collision between neutron stars for example or a neutron star with a white dwarf that could still produce very uranium and thorium, so they create a kind of structure to capture as much as possible of the production of these elements and store them accordingly. The other way is that they could still extract helium-3 and deuterium from gas planets and giant ice planets to feed their artificial nuclear fusion reactors as long as they have the mastery of nuclear fusion obviously controlled, and know where to find a planet of gas or a brown dwarf that may be rich in helium-3. An example of this is that Uranus has helium-3 and enough deuterium to supply the Earth for 1 trillion years, on the scale of extracting and refining 1 million tons per year of Uranus fusion fuel this would already greatly increase expectations at the end of times. In addition they could also find a black hole of stellar mass and feed it with almost any type of element, there are several videos in the channel of Isaac Arthur that in theory one can use a black hole to produce energy massively there are two methods to extract achieve energy from a black hole fed it depending on whether the black hole is rotating or not rotating both methods convert 6% from mass to energy and 20% from mass to energy 1 terrestrial mass of matter feeding a black hole could slowly make such a civilization by many tens of trillions of years. The Milky Way to what is known is full of gaseous planets, and planets of the Uranus and Neptune types are even more common to what it looks like, in addition to billions of brown dwarfs, survival in those times would then depend on producing energy from one of these 3 means: finding a black hole with a large piece of matter to feed it next to it would be the icing on the cake, artificial nuclear fusion could be incredible also for them, and also some source that they could collect uranium and thorium massively. A civilization in our current times could still choose to migrate to a rich and massive cluster of galaxies just like the one already mentioned in a channel video a few months ago if civilization is not emotionally attached to the home galaxy and the local group, civilization I would do that by predicting that the cosmic expansion will leave only the local group that will be a single galaxy in the future as the maximum that they will be able to reach and enjoy and I do not find any article on the internet that says the local group will fall into some nearby cluster of galaxies in the future, then the closest to least to us would be the Cluster of Virgo, Norma, Perseus or the most massive of our next Universe Coma Cluster that a civilization in our present times could possibly go through. A civilization in the times of the blue dwarf would not have that obvious privilege, being the local group in that future already a long time a single enormous galaxy all that they could reach. kzread.info/dash/bejne/aJefyaSxgqS5hNI.html What I wrote was translated, some part may have gone wrong and difficult to understand, any mistake in writing is because of the translator.

After the red dwarf era, you can still cadge energy from black holes and iron stars. The glowing star era is a very small part of this universe's life time. kzread.info/dash/bejne/gqCYmtmNkZSces4.html kzread.info/dash/bejne/eaSNqa-Cipyon9o.html

Hmm... so red dwarfs are the proverbial "fat ladies". When they sing their last song, that's the curtain call for the Universe.

Wouldn't we see the stars from our own galaxy - Milkomeda in trillions of years? I assume they would not dissapear.... 2:38 - i didn't know the channel is just for kids who wanted to become scientists :)) Hope you broadcast long time this - very intelligent and broadening minds conversations (sorry for my English I am not native).

They don't like getting called blue dwarfs, just call them Smurfs!

In the April 2019 Sky & Telescope, an article by Ken Croswell, entitled, "Spendthrift Spirals", delves into, among other things, how spiral galaxies use their allotment of molecular hydrogen gas to form stars of whatever sort. Presently, our Galaxy, the Milky Way, can but muster one or two new stars per year. Yet, in it's hey day, it made a great deal more. The idea is put forth that, to one degree or another, such events as galactic mergers (quite rare) or gas in- falling from the galactic halo serve to replenish this heavier molecular form of hydrogen because it's what stars need to form. ( For instance, there is a "bridge" of gas joining the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds called appropriately the Magellanic Stream which is a potential source). Finally, spiral galaxies, it is said in the article, will eventually fall into clusters where, over time, they will end up as lenticular galaxies and, eventually, as tattered remnants. Question: can I assume that this is during a time prior to the so-called red-dwarf slash blue-dwarf era?

What’s “electric universe”?

I wish my job was to look at stars and planets through large telescopes and getting payd for it. Wish i was clever and good with math. What a satisfying thing to do.

If it formed the same time as our sun... maybe 7 trillion years. So what's a few billion years on that timescale, the star could be born today, and you're still within the margin of error...

I don’t think you could walk around on a black dwarf because it’s gravity would still be oppressively high.

Here is a question to either of you gentlemen, we know that red dwarves bombard their systems with intense radiation will they still emit intebse radiation in the blue dwarf stage?

@frankschneider6156

5 жыл бұрын

The change indicates a temperature increase, meaning the kinetic energy of the particles at the solar surface increases. As the mass and thus the gravity of the dwarf stays constant (or actually decreases over time, but that's negligible), this means the solar radiation intensity will not stay constant, but increase.

Wow this is fantastic. =O

5 ⭐️

Makes me think of he story nightfall by Asimov - a civilization that can see no stars but one day they do and it’s pretty dramatic. But It seems to me highly unlikely and wishful thinking that these little dwarf stars host life. There’s likely not enough light for photosynthesis. Though theoretically there are work arounds, it’s not the perfect set up like our planet and star. I’d be surprised if any intelligent biological life exists that far in the future. We like to think we will go on forever and somehow move in time. But we don’t know that life is the purpose and the inevitability of the universe. We want life all over the universe(some of us). But a lifeless universe may happen. And we (living things) are just a temporary characteristic of the universe

Oh nice ,I have been asking this question every all the time ! Finally I can sleep easier now that I will have answer..no I’m joking i just really wanted to know.lol

It's the Empyrean welkin

@anthonycantu9768

5 жыл бұрын

The solar system is an atom in a interspace of an entire massive dimension

John, haven't read any of your work yet, but im about to. Any recommendations on what I should start with? Excited for this episode also!

@JohnMichaelGodier

5 жыл бұрын

Oh I'd say start with The Salvagers if you want just a space opera style novel. If you want something more cerebral, go with Supermind. Thanks for your interest though and happy reading and watching :) Hope you enjoy!

In regards to climate change denial, the debate is on the anthropogenic factor and understandably so. Our models and predictions haven't exactly built confidence considering the decades long warming slowdown, Antarctica reaching record ice since recording, politicians making apocalyptic threats if they aren't elected to save the world etc. We are clearly missing variables. According to core analysis, we should be heading into a cooling period right now. Considering steps have already been taken to counter rising c02 trends, I'd imagine deliberate steps would also be taken to prevent a cooling period as well. Ironically, humans may have stumbled into the industrial revolution with divine timing.

@frankschneider6156

5 жыл бұрын

Tommy Gunrunner Modeling a chaotic process is obviously never ever going to work exactly. That the model's don't really work in detail is thus only partially a problem of the models (although they are of course all simplified and thus flawed, which is why simulation is NOT a scientific tool, but only aids the scientific process), but of the process to be modeled. It's practically impossible to predict chaotic behavior in detail over a prolonged period of time, but that's of course absolutely unnecessary. What's important are the summarized effects and there is absolutely no doubt about that and that it is anthropogenic. If you continuously inject large amounts of a substance into a closed system (at least in first approximation), it's not really a question, if the concentration of this substance increases, what's the source of this increase.

@tommygunrunner4656

5 жыл бұрын

@@frankschneider6156 it's precisely why crying wolf on the subject is so dangerous. If politicians weren't making such outlandish claims, and models weren't presented as conclusive, this subject would not be nearly as controversial as it is. People see things like a "carbon tax" on the horizon and rightly conclude this is a power/money grab. Look at decades old predictions and compare and contrast them with today's consensus. It's a joke. I should of been more specific and said the debate is on the severity of anthropogenic contribution. It appears there are processes that are countering our input rather well. Just curious, if you knew we were heading into an ice age, would you try to prevent it, try to adapt, or do nothing at all?

@friendlyone2706

5 жыл бұрын

Don't forget, we have had ice ages with much higher levels of CO2 and most of our green plants have larger stoma than in the past, indicating they are CO2 deprived. Rising CO2 levels are associated with greening deserts. Lots of stuff is ignored by people looking in only one direction, or believing the world as is is the best of all.

@frankschneider6156

5 жыл бұрын

Yes, we had e.g. the Ordovician with extensively high levels of CO2, which ended in glaciation, so that the average temperature was indeed just 2°C above ours, but the Ordovician had a duration of around 44,000,000 years. The CO2 levels hit their peak at the begin and raised the temperature to insane levels, which only dropped later as the CO2 levels decreased and ended in glaciation. BTW at that time we also had the highest sea levels ever with around 300 m above today. With this kind of sea level today, the coastline of the US would be somewhere in Colorado. Not to mention that the Ordovician saw one of the biggest extinction events that we know of. More or less all things that we should avoid at all costs. And picking selectively values from different points in time of a 44m year period, throwing them together and saying: see doesn't add up, is obviously only done to distorting facts. Also the "large stoma" argumet is complete bullshit. If it would be true, that plants would lack CO2, we'd see a continuous shift of C3-plants being replaced by C4-plants, who are due to the way, how they fixate CO2 internally a lot more resistant to reduced CO2 levels than C3 plants. Guess what .. that's not what we are seeing.

@frankschneider6156

5 жыл бұрын

Well it's a concept of natural science that as knowledge changes so do predictions and explanations. Not too long ago people thought the Earth was at the center of the solar system. Because our knowledge increased we changed our opinion, so we don't think this today anymore. That's how science actually works. Just because science doesn't have eternal truths, claiming one can easily ignore it is, to put it mildly, stupid. The major issue with CO2 is, that this can lead to a runaway effect, where even completely stopping all industrial emissions (which nobody really wants to do) after reaching a typing point wouldn't stop the overall warming process anymore. E.g. the solubility of CO2 in water decreases with increasing temperature. This means the more CO2 gets into the atmosphere and the hotter it gets, the less CO2 is absorbed by the oceans. Once a critical temperature is reached, previously stored CO2 in the oceans is released back into the atmosphere, increasing the global average temperature, leading to the release of even even more previously stored CO2 out of the oceans into the atmosphere and so on. There are several other of these potentially critical factors, especially release of oceanic methan-hydrates. CH4 is a FAR, FAR worse climate gas than CO2. Something similar might happen to the currently frozen permafrost soil in Sibiria. Nobody really knows how close we are to these events, or how likely they are, but we do know they do have (at least in principle) the potential to have a catastrophic effect. Doesn't mean that we are doomed, that the end is near and that we are all going to die, but it's reason enough to take the potential risk into account and be highly cautious about what we do regarding CO2 instead of just saying: well everything is dandy, just don't panic and grow a pair. In the US everyone still is shocked by 9/11. To prevent this from happening again an insane amount of money is spent. Katrina hitting New Orleans cost roughly half the number of American lifes. Don't you think it's somewhat reasonable to take at least some precautions to prevent something like this from happening again ? On a regular basis ? And with increasing T it's gonna get worse, a LOT.

13:35 "[...]could we do something like that? Could we create a new universe and actually start over, you know?" Well: "The stars and Galaxies died and snuffed out, and space grew black after ten trillion years of running down. One by one Man fused with AC, each physical body losing its mental identity in a manner that was somehow not a loss but a gain. Man's last mind paused before fusion, looking over a space that included nothing but the dregs of one last dark star and nothing besides but incredibly thin matter, agitated randomly by the tag ends of heat wearing out, asymptotically, to the absolute zero. Man said, "AC, is this the end? Can this chaos not be reversed into the Universe once more? Can that not be done?" AC said, "THERE IS AS YET INSUFFICIENT DATA FOR A MEANINGFUL ANSWER." Man's last mind fused and only AC existed -- and that in hyperspace. Matter and energy had ended and with it, space and time. Even AC existed only for the sake of the one last question that it had never answered from the time a half-drunken computer ten trillion years before had asked the question of a computer that was to AC far less than was a man to Man. All other questions had been answered, and until this last question was answered also, AC might not release his consciousness. All collected data had come to a final end. Nothing was left to be collected. But all collected data had yet to be completely correlated and put together in all possible relationships. A timeless interval was spent in doing that. And it came to pass that AC learned how to reverse the direction of entropy. But there was now no man to whom AC might give the answer of the last question. No matter. The answer -- by demonstration -- would take care of that, too. For another timeless interval, AC thought how best to do this. Carefully, AC organized the program. The consciousness of AC encompassed all of what had once been a Universe and brooded over what was now Chaos. Step by step, it must be done. And AC said, "LET THERE BE LIGHT!" And there was light---- Isaac Asimov, 1956 - The Last Question

@colinp2238

5 жыл бұрын

Maybe in the twilightt zone? doobedoobe doobe doobe

could threr ever b a flat eath type planet in any part of the univers?

@royhobbs2425

5 жыл бұрын

No

@drfreddave9020

5 жыл бұрын

@@royhobbs2425 how about in difrent multivers's

@royhobbs2425

5 жыл бұрын

dave sure why not if the physics are completely different anything's possible

@drfreddave9020

5 жыл бұрын

@@royhobbs2425 omg so some where a flatard could be right:-)

@royhobbs2425

5 жыл бұрын

@@drfreddave9020 probably not. Still doubt it very much

I think I like cheese whiz

It isn’t anti-science to doubt climate change. Ivar Giaever isn’t anti-science. Professor Dyson isn’t anti-science.

@friendlyone2706

5 жыл бұрын

Or any of us who loved science in the 50s, and were taught driving cars and other polution generating activities were going to drive us into an ice age. Those who claim that was not a serious fear, were not alive then.

@charris5700

5 жыл бұрын

Yeah i cringed when he said "people who deny climate change". Is he ignorant or just being dishonest to be politically in the safe zone? The issue is not whether people with worthwhile opinions believe or deny climate change. The issue is; to what extent is humans usage of fossil fuels actually affecting climate change. We know it is but to what extent?? We know climate change has been happening... . . FOREVER on this planet and it is cyclical with many freezing periods and warming periods...before cars and airplanes existed. Everyone saying that the earth is going to "end" in a decade because of so called Climate change should be moving away from the heavily populated coastline cities because that will be under water if what the alarmist say is true...and if its that extreme then there is nothing we can do about it at this point and your all screwed, they just want to point fingers...its about money, taxing carbon output. Yeah no thanks go make India and China start first. Its one of the most obscure topics to find knowledge on. Nobody is well researched on it to give absolute predictions and thats because they dont care because they dont believe it themselves and very few have gone to both poles to research. More people have gone to space.

@charris5700

5 жыл бұрын

@dark day Are you stupid or just unable to read before you add your 1 cent? Water is wet, this is a fact. 1 +1=2. This is a fact. What a genius. The argument is not so simple as your comment. Try reading the other comments in a thread and then thinking and comprehending what it means before you post a simplistic useless reply which shows you are clueless about the subject matter, doing the opposite of what your goal was, to look like a smart guy setting the record strait for all those deniers out there. Wont surprise me to see a few zombies who also cant read come and like your reply....uggghhh yeahh the climate is changing man herrr herrr u tell em. We have to do the green new deal its the only way to save the world from the Nazis its our ww2 man. Its bizzare that issues like this dominate our politics today, one side of the argument doesn't even know what the argument is about, they think they are in a world war against climate...it's amazing..

Well Red Dwarf supports Lister Cat and Rimmer.Lol

I thought the two closest planets to the Sun were Mercury and Venus ...

this speculation is very unpredicatable, and not necessary for life. Blue dwarfs would not be very productive because the incident radiation form would be antithetical to life itself. The frequency change would be ultra-violet in nature due to quantum spectrum characteristics, and show many symptoms breaking life molecules

Elon is the real life Tony Stark.....or maybe he is Tony, but from this universe😮

@charris5700

4 жыл бұрын

AKA Phony Quark

So it's going to be miserable in the future.

The starry sky will be recounted by our descendants under the guise of a myth.

I think science has little to gain by confronting denial of science. Better to create a platform for discussion and increase public outreach.

@charris5700

4 жыл бұрын

EXACTLY. Science is ever evolving and affirming or reevaluating as new discoveries are made on the horizon. Who is denying this...

So if we wait around 7-8 trillion years, we may get to colonize a blue dwarf system for a mere 5 billion years? That requires patience on a truly astronomical timescale!

I always knew I was good at physics and all that. I should have stuck with it at school. Dropping out wasn't one my best decions but still, at least I got to meet some interesting people people in the crack houses.

@leejamestheliar2085

5 жыл бұрын

You should get a job and get out of your parents house! Change your moniker.

@alanhowitzer

5 жыл бұрын

Crack houses often have telescopes and discuss science.

@leejamestheliar2085

5 жыл бұрын

@@alanhowitzer those aren't telescopes, they are crack pipes. As far as science ,hell baking soda and coke is the extent of knowledge. DON'T BLOW ANYTHING UP!!!!!!! I give you a star ⭐

6:40 that is a pretty pessimistic and rather centric assumption.

@jessegauthier6985

4 жыл бұрын

I didn't get the impression that it was an assumption; he said they 'may' never, afterall.

If you follow velikovsky ,ans you go on following David talbott and the Electric universe,you will discover, at my sense part of the truth of our latest history.start with Earth on upheaval.

I love how smug these scientists are, we don’t even know what substance makes up the vast majority of the universe, we do not understand the physics that govern our universe and we can only observe a fraction of the universe, yet we have scientists speculating about the “end of the universe” lol!

@mybrothercomes1088

5 жыл бұрын

Who's smug here

@Randomshjt

5 жыл бұрын

@@mybrothercomes1088perhaps you don't know what the word smug means, I point out what we do not know about the universe and you say I'm being smug? Please retake an English class and get back to me

Third :(

@useodyseeorbitchute9450

5 жыл бұрын

No point in hurry, for blue dwarves there is still plenty of time.

Those bloody adds is why I am unsubscribing

@jamespetherick6151

5 жыл бұрын

Well how about paying instead u tite fubber

@jaredchampagne2752

5 жыл бұрын

The ads help support the channel, no one works for free. Get KZread premium, every channel you watch will have ads, literally every single one

@captaingreybeard7994

5 жыл бұрын

James Petherick have you given up using ingris taf taf?

@captaingreybeard7994

5 жыл бұрын

Jared Champagne Sargon has been unmontized....so literally not every one literally not eveeeeerrrrryyyy onnnnnnne