LINKS AND CORRECTIONS: If you want to work with an experienced study coach teaching maths, philosophy, and study skills then book your session at josephfolleytutoring@gmail.com. Previous clients include students at the University of Cambridge and the LSE. Support me on Patreon here: patreon.com/UnsolicitedAdvice701?Link& Sign up to my email list for more philosophy to improve your life: forms.gle/YYfaCaiQw9r6YfkN7

@masterasher1048

Ай бұрын

Can you discuss also Bible the Philosophy of Jesus Christ. Bible is the most read books. Thank you

@user-sd7mz3fe9d

Ай бұрын

Is it true that the more smart you are the more unhappy you became?

@masterasher1048

Ай бұрын

@@user-sd7mz3fe9d The more smart you become the more you are conscious and seek answer and truth unlike when your ignorance you just feel and enjoy the present

@user-sd7mz3fe9d

Ай бұрын

@@masterasher1048 but many philosophers died mesurebly trying to answer hard life questions, isn't that true?

@masterasher1048

Ай бұрын

@@user-sd7mz3fe9d True. That's the beauty of life. Intelligence and curiosity is a burden to those who are deep thinkers, humanity benefits from their writings. Those ignorant people just enjoying whatever their situations they may have not caring about knowledge or answers.

My wife died 6 months ago of cancer, am now widowed at 32 with 3 children under 4. I didn't feel I could recapture my philosophical side until I came across your videos on suffering. I sided with Nietzsche in the respect that Will and Amor Fati contain much of the realistic insight. In this case, would I go through this unimaginable pain eternally if it meant I got those years with her again? Yes I would. She also told me the same 3 days before she died in Hospice. That she wouldn't trade this experience for anything. So Love is in the end, what matters. But True Love requires Amor Fati, because you risk losing it. My advice is make every significant life decision important enough you'd be willing to die for it. Then whatever happens, you made the right call. Thank you sir for the content 🙏

@raycon921

Ай бұрын

sorry for your loss man, I only hope for when the time comes I too can bear the suffering and be the person that people around me can rely on 👍

@corb5654

Ай бұрын

I hope you're ok mate, hang in there!

@placeholderdoe

28 күн бұрын

Sorry for your loss, I hope you and your family’s future treats you all well

@petdoiseauR.H.

20 күн бұрын

Thank You and Yours!! 🙏🙏🙏🤟🤟🤟

@Primitarian

11 күн бұрын

I think it's OK to hate and even to protest one's fate, particularly if one's fate has dealt an injustice--so long as one also appreciates the ways fate has treated one with justice or even with favor. And in your case, it seems to me there was much to appreciate and still to appreciate. Not many get to participate in a love as great as you have described.

Mate, you are just OOZING intelligence and confidence. Could listen to you speak for hours, another fantastic video.

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Ah thank you! That is incredibly kind!

@enammemberseptember7366

Ай бұрын

Glazing? Yes. Incorrect? No.

@masterasher1048

Ай бұрын

@@unsolicitedadvice9198 Thank you for being the best on what you do and I learn so much from you. Can you discuss also Philosophy of Jesus Christ. Of new testament in the Bible. Thank you

@ahmetdogan5685

Ай бұрын

Oozing? 😂

@IisLasagna

Ай бұрын

​@@ahmetdogan5685I know what he means, but my class is just wayyyy too childish(can't even blame them, it's kinda funny ngl)

Young man…..you continue to impress me ….your passion totally comes through….even the tone of your voice is soothing …all the best ! (This was especially enjoyable as I had never read him prior )

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Thank you! That is very kind!

@TomJones-op9nj

Ай бұрын

@@unsolicitedadvice9198 and well deserved …see ya soon !

This has hit so hard. I was few years ago married with two chubby kids. Shit hit the fan and I became wheelchair bound. Unable to thrive my ex wife filed for divorce and I was on the streets on the wheelchair. Nothing was making sense to me, why me? Boethius' The Consolations of philosophy helped me to go through a lot and now even if worse fate hits me again, I am ready.

Studying philosophy is like armor against BS. And there’s a lot of it out there.

Please pardon my French…. But this channel is grossly fucking underrated. I got pulled in within the first 15 seconds. To the content creator, i recently subscribed due to your breakdown of 1984. It was brilliant and it’s incredibly hard to keep my attention for a full hour on anything. You have a remarkable voice and you always sound passionate about what you do. Carry on now.

@crix_h3eadshotgg992

Ай бұрын

This English?

been asking a lot of these questions that were covered in this video recently, thank you for the great content yet again!

Your channel is criminally underrated. Love your videos! ❤

I admire your intellect and work ethic. Thank you for the chance to think along with you and best wishes.

Another insightful analysis. And now it seems ... I'm happy. Who knew?!! Your output is always a welcome beacon of something not entirely quite unlike sanity. Thank you!!

This entire channel inspires us in so many levels. You add so much to this platform with your videos. Thank you!

Thank you for showing us this treasure for the uninitiated.Your videos helped me rediscover the love and passion for learning.

Its amazing to see you grow!! was here before 50K if i recall correctly and to see your growth so quickly its been astonishing. You deserve all of it Much Love from the middle east❤

I absolutely love your wonderful English accent that keeps me so satisfied til the end of the video. You really make great quality videos and I love it!!

I was resisting watching this, but I couldn't help myself. Unsolicited Advice is simply pure joy, and a guilty pleasure. From California.

I just found you a few videos ago and sir I'm picking up what you're laying down. Nice job.

I _think_ it was Thomas Aquinas who said "as within so without." And I was reminded of the saying because of Boethius' idea of drawing strength from your own self. It sort of reinforces the idea in my head that if one seeks motivation they ought to focus not on anything outside themselves, but rather a quality they want to nurture about their character. And changing who you are can in a sense shape the world around you, not just in your ability to change it physically due to a more mentally reliable source of meaning and maybe motivation, but also it may make the acceptance of impermeance something that allows you to whole-heartedly enjoy all the things outside your self in moderation, without the fear of them being gone at some point. If one were to exercise for a stronger body, they might wonder what the point is as it would age and wither, but if you take pride in the resilience you build through the pain of intense exercise, then that could stay with you forever. You find an internal value in working for an external cause. (Not that I think working for physical health alone is anything to scoff at.) Anyways, liked your video, thanks for making it, I might go read some of Boethius' works at some point.

@damanallaid

Ай бұрын

Nope, Hermes Trismegistus, my b.

@nkoppa5332

Ай бұрын

yeah none of that happens without God.

@damanallaid

Ай бұрын

​@@nkoppa5332 Who?

@nkoppa5332

Ай бұрын

@@damanallaid God

@damanallaid

Ай бұрын

asked

You really are a good teacher, keep the great work mate, your videos are great!

I have no worthwhile why. The only thing that keeps me going is not wanting to deal with the fallout from stopping. Hardly a good motivation. You said it perfectly..."All but the most pleasant 'how' is utterly unbearable". It's nice when you come across someone who can articulate how you feel when you're at a loss for words.

Excellent talk!

You have a unique combination of being both highly intelligent and having an excellent style of presentation. I tip my hat.

You’re the greatest of the great . Watch a lot of your videos . Thank you for being so great

Great video my friend, keep up the good work!

It's fun to watch your videos and I learn a lot about philosophy and literature. Bravo!

I love your videos. We need more intellect in our world. You have a truly beautiful mind .. the very definition of an old soul. You look 20 and speak with the wisdom of a millennia. I sincerely thank you for being you

I really admire your capacity to create these kind of videos with such short amount of time in between. Thanks to this one, I'll definiety add the consolation of philosophy to my list. The origin of this work made me think of authors like Primo Levi and Viktor Frankl and how they tried to find reasons for their existence under horrible conditions. Maybe everything is meaningless but these people used their suffering as a creative force and yet here we are talking about them, creating videos,commenting about them, being inspired by them...If anything, our suffering can bring us together, teach us to appreciate the good times, our loved ones and sometimes it connects us to people so far away from us in time and space that otherwise it would be impossible....I dont know but those connections make me feel not everything is lost... Maybe those connections are our only meaning? Ok, thanks for the video again. Hope you keep with the analysis of different novels too. I would love to see one about Heart of Darkness in the future :)

Just want to say you have such a great way about you, you come across really enthusiastic, but natural and I think we all like that you just get straight into the video. It’s not about you, you just want to get your message out. So much respect for you and I am sure you will go far.

What an excelent video in times of need (actually every time lol), i may not have strong insights for now but i am sure that they will soon arive, lots and lots to think through and build up from here. However the only thing that i have is that for times of suffering i think to myself "well, what else is there to be besides then this?", in order to get myself to see that either by blunder or misfortune things couldn't be different, but yet can turn to do so (maybe not for ourselves and certainly for someone, we are not alone after all).

Thank you for always being honest in your videos. I sometimes ponder on this kind of thoughts, like what kind of inner strength does it take to move forward no matter what the situation I'm in.

@Here4TheHeckOfIt

9 күн бұрын

Could it be hope?

I would really enjoy your take on Frankl for that question, his answers seem to align most closely with my own and his philosophy has gotten me through some notable hardships in my life.

I absolutely love your videos, dude! I love how clear and understandable you make such complicated topics! Thanks so much for the wonderful content! Crazy how even all the way here in the US I can enjoy your philosophical teachings!

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Thank you! I am really glad you are enjoying the videos!

@sauveerdixit7145

Ай бұрын

He speaks English so why is it crazy?

My favorite bloke with a camera and some books

your channel is true gem, thank you ! :)

I’ve only recently discovered your videos, and I really like your attitude and reasoning to philosophy, and I feel that you’ve covered many philosophers through the ages, but I’d love to see a video exploring Karl Marx’ works and philosophy, that of Dialectical and Historical Materialism, it’s insanely interesting and I think uncovering the lessons from Marx without distorting his ideas would do a great service to reasoning and philosophy in the 21st century, great video and keep up the good work!

Well done 👍, take love from 🇧🇩

I love this channel so much

Makes me think of words to a song that describe my father who was a ww2 vet…” he never ever smiled but he always seemed pleased, said he’d never live a life upon his bended knee”…

I watched a 90s film called 24 hour party people and there's a scene we're a street person state's that he's Boethius and provides us with his Philosophy and I've known it off by heart but never realised that it was true! Amazing video!

A side mention for positive nihlism as also superb. Not negative nihilsm, where everything is sad, but positive nihilsm, where because nothing matters, no mistakes can truly be made (!!), and everything is gloriously free and uplifted. The coin of nihlism has two sides, and the positive side is a wild ride. This channel is really fine by the way. Great production values, editing, delivery, content. Fires on all cylinders.

@Johnma20201

Ай бұрын

When nothing matters nothing will go wrong, thank you I will keep it in mind

@daanschone1548

Ай бұрын

​@@Johnma20201And when everything happens with a purpose, nothing is wrong either. So we are good. :)

@benjoleo

Ай бұрын

Positive nihilism seems like lying to yourself to me. You’re just focusing on the positives of a meaningless existence so you don’t have to feel bad.

@lucasroumengous1064

Ай бұрын

Yeah, a big lie that can work until something wrong arrives and you can't deny it. And fortunately, reality still imposes itself upon us most of the time. Or we will all be in deep craziness.

@lllevokelll

Ай бұрын

@@lucasroumengous1064 Ah. Right, I can see how a reader could easily take that interpretation away from that couple sentence blurb. It's more of a transrational affair, like the paradoxical way form and emptiness interpenetrate. Everything is deeply meaningful, and everything is completely meaningless, and both, and neither, at the same time. Nihilism's coin is double-sided and paradoxical. A lot like how everything is form, but also inverts into being everything being emptiness, and both, and neither, at the same time. A lot of people just see form, and not emptiness. Or just see the despair side of the nihilistic coin, and not the uplifting freedom side. Either side of those kind of duality is a wild ride. It's not quite lying, as the word I would reach for, because there isn't necessarily an intent to deceive or escape. It's just...when everything is profoundly meaningful, the whole world is illuminated. When everything is profoundly meaningless, the self dissolves away in the hurricane of the void. When a lot of paradoxical toggling back and forth goes on, it kind of gels into you as if you were a cup of pudding becoming set, and after a while you come to realize there are no problems, there are only situations. When wrong stuff arrives, which it totally will, it's a situation, not a problem. If you think I'm nutty as a bag of walnuts, that's cool. I don't have the kind of explanatory talent this channel creator has. Imho, exposure to a bunch of ideas (even if they seem a bit, uh, touched by madness), gives us all a richer variety of philosophical tools to navigate with.

Thank you for making me interested in philosophy sir ❤❤❤

I needed this right now 🙏

Amazing video

Fascinating, Thanks!!

I love your channel. Hopefully one day we can converse with one another. Thanks for sharing.

5:58 Nietzsche 6:11 14:40 Boethius arguing that unhappiness is found in the discrepancy between how we desire the world to be and the world actually is.

I Love your content keep it up👍

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Thank you!

"Two chubby cheeked cherubs" killed me 😂 love this video

Thanks!

Good work :)

Thanks for posting this video on Boethius. There was a time in my life when the Consolation guided me through very dark circumstances. I've treasured the book ever since. It is amazing, insightful, deep, lyrical (which I think is relevant), uplifting, and full of wisdom. // Regarding your closing question, for me Boethius showed me that the transcendental, or metaphysical, is the source that sustains our lives; it is what granted him serenity in difficult circumstances. Perhaps that is the greatest challenge of the book for modern readers because modern philosophy is dominated by a rejection of the transcendental. But what if modern philosophy is wrong about this? What if Boethius and the traditions he drew on are right and that metaphysical foundations are not just the idle spinning of ideas; rather they are what makes a good life possible? // Thanks again.

As a torturer , I can assure you the pain and misery I put my clients through is truly freeing - yes there's a lot of blood , sputum, and shit involved ..but at the end of the day I can go home to my husband cook him a nice tea and watch a bit of telly knowing I did my job to the best of my ability ...and pride in your work is always something that fills the existential void like no other !

@Everything_Simpler

5 күн бұрын

so you… actually torture people?

"It would seem that our lord finds our desires not too strong, but too weak. We are half-hearted creatures, fooling about with drink and sex and ambition when infinite joy is offered us, like an ignorant child who wants to go on making mud pies in a slum because he cannot imagine what is meant by the offer of a holiday at the sea. We are far too easily pleased." -C.S Lewis this is my favorite quote

I've always loved my ideas / brain / whatever tf happens between my ears and that's why I tried ridding myself of the old drinking habit xdd I was well into that task but realised I currently can't deal with sobriety since my thoughts ARE the most active moments of my days as of now (so I needed to spice things up / change the flow of time). Hoping to fully quit in 2 years though

Preach brother!

Love St. Boethius ❤️

good as usual

You should cover the book of Job. I think it would be a great philosophical discussion

I found your channel due to my love of philosophical literature. I stayed because your delivery is apt and engaging. I’m enjoying your channel and look forward to any videos you post.

21:25 Buddhism pairs well with existentialism because it deals with some of its tougher spots while keeping true to its key ideas. You don't need to believe in any deities to get into it. It's all about acknowledging life's a bit though working on bettering it. Perfect for agnostics who acknowledge on the reality of suffering and how to lessen it.

Epictetus is a good study Thank you 🌜🌛

Hey there my name is Rudra , I love your content ❤❤ as it helps me a lot in many ways and tommrow i would be getting into (Med School) . Big fan brother 😊😊 keep posting this kinda content. Love from India ❤❤

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Ah best of luck! Thank you for watching!

@CHADRP

Ай бұрын

​@@unsolicitedadvice9198❤❤❤

Very good, and you are getting better marveerous, we are being tested, by what, no idea. If we past the test we gain a power and a piece that passes all understanding.. bit of a bind hey never mind it's the way it 8s

23:00 To answer that question, i point you in the direction of Dzögchen, & Ati Yoga. Vajrayana combines philosophy & practical experience to hone human potential into a quantitative existence.

You are way too good

The king returns with another banger 👑

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Thank you!

Someone like Viktor Frankl might be worth listening to since he found something that worked for him

acceptance of what is beyond your control, why seek meaning in what is, desiring a better outcome is not acceptance, instead realize that the painful situation is the momentary state of being, of isness, which will pass, anger, despair or grief don't alter anything. Sometimes laughing at a situation, "Is that all you've got", helps one coast over bad times.

This guy has great oratory skills

anselm’s ontological Argument would be a good video to go over

Merci

existence is contrast. we see, because there are different colors, we hear because sound is dynamic, now apply to all senses. imagine a blank paper; now imagine a bunch of tiny dots that make a picture. if you measure the surface area of the dots you'll find that combined they only add up to a small fraction or percentage of the overall image, while the blank paper is the vast majority of what you're seeing... and yet it's the dots that we look at, because they contrast against the normalcy of the paper... those dots are the bad things that paint the picture of our existence, even though the good things happen far more. every life commits more good than bad; every thing has more purpose than irrelevance.

Bro doesn't have any dislikes (I have extension 4 dislikes). Good job, another great vid!!! ❤

@user-bb8sw1jo6o

Ай бұрын

The only reason to dislike things now is to fuck up somebody's algorithm and potential career. It's reserved for the bitterest of losers.

To add to your points I'll lay out the following: We know from Proclus that all evil, including what appears to us as "pointless evil", is not only parasitical and privatory but also entirely at the service of good the moment it enables additional goods that would otherwise be impossible. Contrary to what you claim in the video applies regardless of who is the recipient of that addtional good, be it the person who suffers evil, the person who inflicts it or a third party. For example its all fine and dandy if you live in a realm of perfection and bliss where every experience is lived simultaneously, but if you had that on top of the experiences of imperfect lives where people suffer villanies so that some may become heroes, then you have a new good experience that would otherwise be impossible. And from a practical standpoint you need to assume an idea like this is in principle possible to justify things like self defense and surgery, all because if you break those actions into parts and observe them seperated from their context, respectively you hitting someone for an unknown reason or cutting open a wound not knowing its a surgery to treat someone, you'd only interpret them to be evil, the same applies to the bad in our lives.

this would lead you to the idea that the best or only meaning is to make yourself as strong as possible for when the suffering comes, and that's something Jordan Peterson speaks a lot. There is no other more bulletproof meaning than to become more of you so when the suffering comes you will be able to stand it. "be the person who people can rely on at your father's funeral" that hits hard but would you say that this isn't the only meaning, to bear suffering?

I'm really getting interested in this kind of philosophy, XD literally makes me feel smarter.

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

It is really good fun! It is like seeing the world through fresh eyes

If you guys liked the consolation, please check out Relihan's interpretation of Boethius. He argues the consolation isn't an endorsement of pagan philosophy, but rather a critique and a "Menippean" satire. Remember, Boethius was Christian. In this interpretation, Boethius is saying philosophy alone cannot save you. There was a good essay on it uploaded to the wikipedia page on the consolation, maybe you can find it in history.

Reminds me of the Merovingian from the matrix. “Why, is power”

A detail to the problem of suffering is also reflected in the biblical narrative with the crucifixion of christ as he gave his own life to redeem man, he was sacrificed. He, who is considered ultimately virtuous (good) by the Christians died (well not really but thats besides the point). Thus stating that good people must both suffer & even die, as he did, if it comes down it. Meaning that the appeal to virtue is an artificial, human imposition on the natural world which it does its best to resist (the world is said to resist bc we see it does, it is said to be unnatural or human bc besides humans & perhaps highly social organisms we dont see creatures engage in what we would stereotypically associate with virtue, mind you there are examples but darwin would say otherwise). That would mean that virtue's antithesis regresses man to his baser insticts & thus revert to the animal he evolved from. This is fascinating bc it means that the devolution of man & society under the weighof its own failures is not some distant nightmare despite its accomplishment since the age of enlightenment but an imminent possibility provided that people act on their worst impulses. That is a very thin line that can be crossed at any time & people wouldn't even know which just makes it that much more appealing & dangerous.

Attempting suicide and then recovering from depression was a surefire way for me to will meaning into existence. When you want to die because suffering Is meaningless, the only way back to life is to invent your own. I am very adept to absurdism.

I believe our meaning or rather meanings are ever changing.as ultimately we do weather we like it or not give our lives there own meanings however why we do something or even if we continue to do something may change also we might change our values themselves however id wager that if your beliefs are stable then it won’t change by much or in any significant way.think of your grandparents saving money even if they don’t need it anymore as they know your family your mom or perhaps one day you can make use of it even if it’s not really used for whatever they would use or even want it to be used for.simply put the dance moves may change but your still ultimately dancing if that analogy helps at all.and at the core for most it’s the hope that in some small way they did there part even if only for a second to make life better for those they care for or who think like them in the future or if even less jaded than me all humanity.

Can you cover the theory of causation next?

Hearing you say “shit hits the fan,” omg father don’t shout at me. 😂

To answer your question, "What makes an effective or in-effective meaning of life?" I think it should be something that we cannot possibly reason through or reject under any possible circumstance. A belief in god, perhaps. Though, I believe there are other instances where such a goal can be manifested, by simply not being open to reason. Say, a father cares for his child and thus wants to ensure a good environment for her/him, and for that he needs to improve himself as a better father. He will go to any lengths to become a better parent (without sabotaging other people) such that, he makes it absolute to struggle and become a better father, even if he can never be a father (maybe due to abortion). Though, I suppose such a philosophy wouldn't help him in the face of death as Boethius'. It may be that I imply faith comes from within the heart of a person than any logical purpose can be proposed. Even to have an inextinguishable faith in god wouldn't allow one to live a life, as he cannot merely praise his god for all his life. Essentially, the reason to go through any and all hardships can simply be, "just because." Hm, watched the video, and I think I agree with Nietzche that we can find the strength to strive by strengthening our own wills rather than believing in a 'reason'. Not to say one could with only one of either, but in fact both. I appear to be biased for I believe the internet is filled with advice of finding a reason than strengthening oneself indiscriminate of a reason so that we can strive for a reason in future. Any reason can only get us so far before we crumble, therefore, it is a fool's mistake to neglect the effort needed to have a robust reason and give into the comfort of having one.

Mark Passio seems to have the answer to this meaning question

Nice

Boethius sounds like he was very influenced by the Stoics. To answer your question, I personally like the idea that the universe is less rational and more chaotic than determinists like the Stoics believe. But I still agree with them and Boethius that working on your will through philosophy is a virtue, a purpose in itself. I kind of agree with Nietzsche there. (Although he focusses too much on power to my taste, which I think is an external) Nature maybe might not be that rational, but it is still the environment we are part of and subject to.

@unnecessaryrandomvideos3956

Ай бұрын

I don't like the idea of attributing reason or rationality to the Universe as the Stoics did, it puts up a similarity with the religious Gods being sentient. Makes the individual who lives by that idea question undesired events, rather than going at it freely even though it's deterministic.

@nkoppa5332

Ай бұрын

Hes a christian bruh. Wake up. Secular philosophy destroys itself.

@daanschone1548

Ай бұрын

@@unnecessaryrandomvideos3956 I agree. But since quantum mechanics it seems the universe is more probabilistic than deterministic. I often feel people continu to defend classical determinism because they seek an alternative for a rational god with a big purpose. That being said we are still part of nature and listening to nature (although not entirely rational) might help us a bit. Sorry for Einstein, but God does play dice. :)

16:04 I imagine there may be those who do not possess a mind which would "torment them" for the abandonment of morals, thus enabling them to do so while avoiding this greater misery Boethius refers to. The insane perhaps, or just the ignorant. Can't condemn yourself if you can't even look into yourself.

What is that guy wearing on his wrist at 2:03?

The guy literally got upset and then released although he was doomed that he could give evidence because of him being doomed and embarrassing it but saying”this will help humanity or those who read it after i am gone.”truly wild as he made used the fact he was doomed to prove things you could not prove unless you were doomed. 19:00

omg ur lamp (?) is so cute!

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Thanks! It's good for reading

the purpose of his suffering was for it to make him write this work, had it not been for it he would've probably never written it

This man looked ate the abysm and accept it ,and reasoned it, the true Übermensch in the flesh

Nietzsche: "The man with a strong enough-" Mineiro: "Uai."

@EduardoOliveira-sy8ff

28 күн бұрын

Can bear any how, so.

I’d love to have philosophical debate with you is is possible in any why?

23:13 man if I just read philosophy the last 12 years would have been so much easier to come to my current mindset.

the way you talk could make any mundane topic sound interesting

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Ah thank you! I get a bit carried away with excitement with these videos haha!

Mmmmm this some good shit!!!

@unsolicitedadvice9198

Ай бұрын

Thank you!

He got a new quarter zip and it’s Canada🙏

I need a book that teaches critical thinking