How Enzymes Work (from PDB-101)
Every second inside every living cell, thousands of chemical reactions are taking place. These reactions constitute the essential tasks of life such as metabolism, protein synthesis, cell renewal and growth. Learn how the proteins called enzymes work to maintain the rate of these reactions at a life-sustaining level.
Based on atomic structures from the PDB archive, observe the mechanism of aconitase, an enzyme of the citric acid cycle, to understand how enzymes utilize their amino acid residues to catalyze a reaction.
To learn more about enzymes, explore the educational resources on PDB-101 (pdb101.rcsb.org/browse/enzymes).
Story by: David S. Goodsell and Maria Voigt
Animation and Video Editing by: Maria Voigt
Narration by: Brian Hudson
Subtitles available in:
English
Catalan (translation by Marc Isbert)
Spanish (translation by Marc Isbert)
French (translation by Marie-Cécile Darmon)
Пікірлер: 604
To contribute subtitles to this video in your language, use this community contribution link: kzread.info_video?v=yk14dOOvwMk&ref=share
@eatemadfanaee5954
6 жыл бұрын
I have done this in Persian. but it does not end "saving" :/ what is wrong there?! BTW your videos are great (y) I hope to translate them into my maternal language :)
@shiromalfernando9380
4 жыл бұрын
FONSI!!!!!!
@yyyaaa3928
3 жыл бұрын
I want to translate this video to my native language (Turkish) but KZread is about remove community contribution. How do I translate it for you so its added by creator, and not the community?
@RCSBProteinDataBank
3 жыл бұрын
@@yyyaaa3928 I believe if add them before September 28, we will be able to publish them. I believe once the community contributions go away the ones we have published will not be deleted. It means the community will not be able to contribute new ones.
@RCSBProteinDataBank
3 жыл бұрын
@@eatemadfanaee5954 Not sure. Perhaps try again? We are glad you like the videos.
This is really good.
@nels6991
4 жыл бұрын
Hey it's Professor Dave!
@BharathKumar-mu1dy
4 жыл бұрын
Hello sir
@danielklinsmann8546
3 жыл бұрын
He knows a lot about the science stuff...
@hadyacademy4632
3 жыл бұрын
...Professor Dave Explains...... *sound effect*.
@cristianpaulnitulescu9715
3 жыл бұрын
Professor dave
I've always wanted to know the exact mechanism of how chemical bonds are rearranged in an enzyme's active site instead of just "enzymes speed up a chemical reaction". This helped me gain some insight on that. Thanks a lot!
@amluzia
4 жыл бұрын
Me too!
@michaeladdis3323
4 жыл бұрын
@@amluzia Our minds... XD
@dontanton7775
Жыл бұрын
Yeah, the amount of "knowledge" that is based on no knowledge at all, just repeating phrases others have said, is insanely high. Everyone thinks they know something, because they can repeat the words. And then ppl in school wonder why kids don't get it. Well, cause you don't really explain it! That's why. Just try to find this level of explanation on youtube. Took me 30 minutes to get through the gazillion of videos that just teach me "nomenclature" and basically descriptors, for a problem I haven't even understood yet before watching this video. How is a mind supposed to comprehend abstraction and meta layer information (like in all the other videos) when the mind hasn't had a chance to see the specific mechanics that are being abstracted.
@uvusss-hc7rn
Жыл бұрын
Same
@ziblockziblock6154
Жыл бұрын
Same, thats what I expected by my biology book 😂😂😂😂
I can't believe we have really mapped every individual atom, it's position and movement within such huge molecules. At least that's how it appears to me in this kind of animation. It's absolutely amazing.
@gelatinocyte6270
3 жыл бұрын
It's actually easy (for scientists who are experts in this field and/or have the resources to accomplish this) to map out every single atom. One way they do this is to accumulate an amount of their target molecule (a protein for example), crystallize it, put in in an X-ray scanner then blast it with an X-ray pulse. The cristal (made of proteins) will scatter the X-ray into a specific pattern; and from there they can determine the structure of the molecule.
@cancelled_user
3 жыл бұрын
@@gelatinocyte6270 Thanks. Is this the technique developed by Rosalind Franklin? I read a book "In Search of the Double Helix" by John Gribbin, about the discovery of the structure of DNA, where it was mentioned too. Nonetheless, it still looks amazing to me :)
@MisterK9739
2 жыл бұрын
@@gelatinocyte6270 did you just say X ray cristallography was „easy“? My thousands of optimization conditions would like to have a word with you lol
@johnhaseltine2513
Жыл бұрын
well, unfortunately, while atomic positions can be routinely mapped and often with high reliability, the movements of the atoms cannot. this is one of the most severe constraints in deducing enzymatic mechanisms. animations like this one are *theories* of how the enzyme does its job. they may be supported by a great deal of structural and reactivity data of various types, but are still theories. computational modeling holds great promise for letting us envision the detailed dynamics of enzymatic mechanisms. the most plausible path forward at this point is the co-development of mechanistic theory and computation.
From what i understand, those reactions really do make those popping sounds.
@vitaminlife430
4 жыл бұрын
They would if they can - but to transport the sound you need to have a transporter which is normally air, but in thic case there is obviously no air sourrended. But if you move your ear close, very close ...
@greggrobinson5116
2 жыл бұрын
All the time! And that vague bubbling sound you hear in the background? That's really what it sounds like down there! 🙂
Awesome animation. Please, please, please produce more like this.
@stephenborntrager6542
5 жыл бұрын
@Archaeopteryx Lithographica What are you talking about...? This is one of the only videos they have, and none of the data that I can find has any paywall. They even have a tutorial on how to make renderings of the protein structures... and the database itself is free...
Biology professors around the world thank you for this wonderful video!
Finally got relief from my hunger of visualising this complex reactions. Thank you so much🙏🏻. More videos like this please
this is THE BEST 3D animation I found about enzymes, super clear explanation, beyond my expectation. thank you thank thank you!!!
I can not believe how detailed and clear this video was! Thank you so much!
Thanks for the great video! Thanks for showing the mechanism of action in the active site; these types of details are almost impossible to find in video form. Great narration too. Thanks!
Came from "In a nutshell: You Are an Impossible Machine" and I feel like this video was a natural extension to their content and answered pretty much all the questions I had about that side of enzymes and portions
Great explanation on what enzymes are and how they assist in the chemical reaction process. Thanks a lot.
Superb video with amazing animation. Absolutely stunning that our DNA codes for such a vast array of protein structures. Thank you for sharing.
yesterday my citrate friend went to that enzyme hole, he came out a totally different person.
@DeepakKumar-yk8cb
3 жыл бұрын
Lol
@jadenjones693
3 жыл бұрын
Lol
@nishaprakash2592
2 жыл бұрын
Lol
Even though I went on to become a mechanical engineer, I really enjoyed chemistry (only inorganic required) and have always wanted to learn more. This was a great animated video which really allows visualization of how enzymes work (Duh, I guess that was what you were going for).
BRAVO! This is the best video I have seen of enzyme action, I will be sharing this with my students.
Amazing! So much work involved in every detail. Thank you
This is the most beautiful part of my day so far!!
Wow! What a great video and explanation. Thank you so much!
Animation quality is very good! Many textbook pages condensed in a 5 minute video - beautiful😀
I'm standing in awe. Unbelievable. That's all complex a lot.
Very easy to understand explanation. Brilliant visual aids.
I am studying for the MCAT, and this video has helped me tremendously. Thank you SO much!
Very well depicted - and scientifically accurate!
Excellent video. Great quality. Great explanation.
This video is simply beautiful! THANK YOU!
I believe I got enlightened after this video upon the true picture of the mechanism of enzyme. The text in the textbooks seems a lot more easier to understand now.....thankssss a lottt.
such a great visualization!
How great is it to have such perfect micro machines inside us! Thanks for the video :)
Incredible job, thank you!
I just wanna thanks, this is free learning. More videos on all biology topics please
I never thought enzymes could make me feel relaxed. The video was really helpful, thanks!
this video is lit! such great detail. even the electrons being visualized in the active site. so rad!
absolutely amazing visuals!
Excellent and beautiful video that helps us to undestand the beauty of life. Thanks a lot and yours efforts are amazing. Congratulations. Obrigado! Muito obrigado.
Absolutely well done and definitely keep it up!!! 👍👍👍👍👍
This was really cool. Very clear and great and understandable animations. More people need to see stuff like this to understand the absurdity of these vastly complex systems originating by random processes.
@Mark16v15
3 жыл бұрын
Just as mind-blowing to me the complexity of the chemistry is the observation that so many people think if you leave a can of Campbell's Primordial soup out in the sun a billion years too long, this type of stuff is eventually what you'll get. Huh?
@alexross5714
11 ай бұрын
@@Mark16v15 Just as mind-blowing to me is the observation that so many people, when faced with complexity in nature, rush to embrace specious and evidence-free teleological explanations.
@Mark16v15
11 ай бұрын
@@alexross5714 Based on your comment, I think I see a difference between us with respect to our perceptions of reality, as shown in my example below. We both are walking together along the seashore and come across some seashells lined up in such a way that they spell, "Sally Loves Joey". ME: Look, someone came along and wrote "Sally Loves Joey" with some seashells. YOU: Why do you think such complexity had to come about from design or purpose? When shells wash up on the beach, they can land anywhere. Most likely, these just happened to randomly wash up together in such a way that by accidental happenstance they only appear to look like the sentence "Sally Loves Joey". It's mind-blowing to me the observation that so many people are like you, when faced with complexity in nature, rush to embrace specious and evidence-free teleological explanations. ME: Huh? Are you serious? I want to thank you for introducing the word "teleological" to me. I always like learning new words. You have a good day alex. For others reading this, wondering how I came about my response, the above is an example of exercising option 2 of Proverbs 26:4-5, noting that writing "Sally Loves Joey" is literally child's play compared to the infinitely more complex production of enzymes and proteins.
I loved the animation of the reaction! It seems less abstract now
Imagine, every school lecture was accompanied with such a vivid visual explanation. Bet we would have been PhDs at graduation
I needed this Thank you!
I just utterly love this video. Amazing resource for students. Thank you from the bottom of my heart
@ilamdz8758
3 жыл бұрын
Hi
Thank you so much for your dedication to making these videos they help me so much
U are doing great job RCSB my concept are clear after seeing this video how enzyme work and how chemical bond is break and formed. Thanks a lot🤩🤗👍
I love watching these molecules react with each other. So cute, like little animals playing
@xtianshank
5 жыл бұрын
Tom Jerry I tell you they are dancing. Life is a dance.
@isaachuffman6336
4 жыл бұрын
Reminds me of Tom the cat chasing Jerry the mouse
your presentaion was too good it was too informative and it helped me understand easier thank you so much for the video
Wow that's cool thanks for sharing, I never knew it worked quite like that!
わかりやすい!! 助かります!
This is amazing. I would love to learn more about it.
Amazing explanation and animation and Grafics..
Really clear video thank you!
Best Video Ever.
Great video will add as external link in my course.
Amazing animations. You should receive a prize
So great, how did people figure this out jeez..
@michaeladdis3323
4 жыл бұрын
That is what I think about every night
@lionfire3359
4 жыл бұрын
Microscopes, chemical analyses.
@michaeladdis3323
4 жыл бұрын
@@lionfire3359 Ok I know for a fact that microscopes are no use for figuring out biochemical pathways and looking inside the active site of an enzyme
@ambervale6172
4 жыл бұрын
Time resolved X-ray crystallography and NMR with either inhibiting substrate-like molecules or metallic ions.
@eponagohan
4 жыл бұрын
@@ambervale6172 The work of hundrends of scientist working in biochemistry during years.
It is mind blowing that such sophisticated tiny "machines" are functioning in each one of us. I rlly wonder how they were created. Thx for making this video!
@debraolson7553
Жыл бұрын
The creator of all life is Yahway.
Se me hizo un video interesante, teniendo en cuenta que las enzimas tienen varias funciones, entre ellas; acelerar las reacciones químicas con un gasto menos de energía. Es por eso su importancia, puesto que sin ellas las reacciones tardarían demasiado para llevarse a cabo y el funcionamiento del organismo no sería el adecuado. Tambien tienen una característica de especifidad: reconocen a un sustrato en presencia de otros. Me agrado bastante, un tema muy interesante.
Mind blown again and again. Just amazing.
Thanks for the mechanism 👍🏾
Amazing video but please please please add subtitles. My students are not native English speakers and their language skills vary greatly. The automatic CC is very good but this subject matter is too specialised and some things in the subtitles just do not make sense at all.
@RCSBProteinDataBank
7 жыл бұрын
Thank you for pointing it out. The closed captions were added.
@mortengrftehauge7416
7 жыл бұрын
I actually come up with an exercise where I had extracted the automatic closed captions and wanted them to correct the errors =) I'll come up with something else.
@OytunTez
4 жыл бұрын
@@mortengrftehauge7416 ah, what a great teacher, i would love one of you for a couple semesters
Thanks for the video!
Its really amazing animated it really helps thanks so much for the video
Really wonderful video!
So well done. I totally got it.
Fantastic video!
great animation Maria Voigt!
@mariavoigt9203
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
As a wellness coach im always referencing the importance of enzymes -i was like hmm but i need to be able to break it down further …hopefully youtube has something cool to help me…ahh here it is …thanks !!
Wonderfully-designed and produced video! Bravo
@IsaacNussbaum
5 жыл бұрын
Wonderfully designed systems, too, Jerry.
@KenJackson_US
5 жыл бұрын
I was going to say the same thing, @@IsaacNussbaum. It's shocking that people actually believe any enzyme was designed by natural processes.
@AleksandarKamburov
4 жыл бұрын
@@KenJackson_US it's shocking that after science advances more and more using the scientific method, there are still people to continue to search for the supernatural within every new discovery.
@KenJackson_US
4 жыл бұрын
In fact, @@AleksandarKamburov, it is science that finally educated me to the fact that natural processes _can't_ produce new proteins, new molecular machines, new organs, or therefore new body plans. It wasn't a bad hypothesis back in the 19th century, long before modern science uncovered DNA or any molecular machinery. But errors (mutations) don't accumulate to form the *complex, hierarchical, interdependent* systems that proliferate through life. Life was clearly designed. The revelations of science confirm it.
@iloveamerica1966
3 жыл бұрын
@@KenJackson_US BS
Thank you very much for this!!
Most underrate vid. I've ever seen
Thanks for your hard work
So incredibly cool! Here we see lifeless matter groping its way towards being alive. Could anything be more miraculous?
That was just awesome! Wow...
Life is incredibly complex.
@leonardogammino940
4 жыл бұрын
Life is beautifully complex as well :)
@AleksandarKamburov
4 жыл бұрын
The Universe is elementary complex :)
@lumpyspaceprincess6335
8 ай бұрын
The living thing said that life is complex for it's living complex brain in fact to brain
Nice content amazingly explained
WOW another FANTASTIC video about the molecular basis of life ! I wonder if there is a video that describes the approximate number of different types of enzymes and the approximate numbers of each in a typical cell and how they interact ? Like does a cell have to keep an approximate optimum ratio of certain enzymes to prevent some enzymes for "poaching" critical amounts of certain products resulting in imbalances in cell health ?
Amazing well explained👏
Побольше таких познавательных видео. Класс.
Thanks for these beautiful images. I am really impressed what humans are able to understand on such small scales.
Just amazing!
Thank you guys
This is so fun to watch!
thanks for your explanation
What a simple and complicated process.
Academy award for the sound effects
amazing, thank you so much
Three lectures biochemistry into one single video. Will use this in my future classes
This is fascinating.
Just mind-blowing
You and Prof.Dave are undoubtedly such a GREAT TEACHERS
Wow! That's awesome! Thank you. 😃😄😊
one of great videos
very good! tnx
Great work :) thx
Лучшее видео по теме, красиво.
Fantastic!
My right ear loved this.
love it. Thanks
amazing!!
Beautiful