How Does AWD Work?

Автокөліктер мен көлік құралдары

Here's how an all-wheel-drive system works in your car!
AWD is a term used in vehicles that have the ability to transfer power to all four wheels. The transfer of power is often computer controlled, and features a central clutch that allows for a difference between the speed of the front and rear wheels, which suits it best for on-road use. AWD systems also differ from 4WD / 4x4 systems because there is no LO speed transfer case.
Many modern cross-over utility vehicles employ a part time AWD system, known as a "slip and grip" system. If slippage is detected in the front wheels, some torque is sent to the rear wheels. The design and control of the system dictates how much of that power is sent to the secondary axle. Other vehicles have a full time AWD system, which sends even power symmetrically to all four wheels.
In this video, the ATTESA AWD system from a 2006 Infiniti G35X Sedan is taken apart to show what's inside and how it works. Inside consists of a shaft that links the transmission's output to the rear wheels directly, with a chain and electromagnetic clutch linking the prop shaft to transfer power to the front.
Skip to section in the video:
0:00 Introduction
0:56 Overview of the Transfer Case
2:08 The Teardown
4:59 How it Works
8:01 Electromagnetic Clutch Operation
Keep your AWD vehicle well maintained by rotating tires and changing transfer case and transmission oil regularly. You may purchase items for this here:
Gear Oil:
amzn.to/3mD45K5 (US)
amzn.to/3mBPoXJ (Canada)
Transmission Oil:
Nissan transmission Fluid:
amzn.to/2HbhPve (US)
amzn.to/3chZNTE (Canada)
Hex Sockets for drain plugs:
amzn.to/3iRnTXY (US)
amzn.to/2ZTfwUg (Canada)
Snap Ring Removal Tool (Angle Grinder) used in this video:
amzn.to/2FBL5uX (US)
amzn.to/3kAcuME (Canada)
This is the Camera I use:
amzn.to/2Y24ixX (US)
amzn.to/2Yhb3eo (Canada)
Link to Etsy shop where you can purchase speedkar99's brother's socks, t-shirts or hoodies:
www.etsy.com/ca/shop/Speedkar
Check out the speedkar99 Facebook page:
/ speedkar9
Check out the speedkar99 Linkedin page:
/ speedkar99
Follow speedkar9 on Instagram for behind the scenes coverage:
/ speedkar9
Subscribe for more videos just like this:
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Пікірлер: 508

  • @tiagobelo4965
    @tiagobelo49653 жыл бұрын

    Its impressive how easy it is to understand this man, especially considering the speed at which he speaks, must be some kind of mechanical witchcraft

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks I'm glad you appreciate my style

  • @tiagobelo4965

    @tiagobelo4965

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@speedkar99 I'm glad you work hard on making these videos accessible and in-depth enough for all, keep up the good work man

  • @adityaambulkar4086

    @adityaambulkar4086

    3 жыл бұрын

    I agree

  • @TheTruthSeeker756

    @TheTruthSeeker756

    3 жыл бұрын

    I have to put at .75 speed. Only way I can catch up

  • @luisr267

    @luisr267

    3 жыл бұрын

    I think it has something to do with the toothbrush he uses to point the parts, haha.

  • @robertwilder5479
    @robertwilder54793 жыл бұрын

    I don't know why, but I smile whenever I see your old toothbrushes. I appreciate your sharing of knowledge. Keep up the good work!

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Awesome thanks! Glad you could learn something

  • @eliasaggeli1225

    @eliasaggeli1225

    7 күн бұрын

    ​@@speedkar99 so not all awd cars have center differential?

  • @jimobrien84
    @jimobrien843 жыл бұрын

    I can’t tell if you’re a mechanic or a full on automotive engineer or some mix of the two but you are exceptionally skilled at both explaining and demonstrating the mechanical principles of everything you cover

  • @gbin21
    @gbin213 жыл бұрын

    "State-of-the-art snap ring removal tool" lol

  • @jayveecee1

    @jayveecee1

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hilarious

  • @OhsMoa

    @OhsMoa

    Жыл бұрын

    Hahahahahah, yeah, state of the art 😅

  • @frankm5150
    @frankm51503 жыл бұрын

    This is an old school youtube video. No self promotion , like subscribe bullshit. Just straight information, keep it up. love it

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks. I like to keep things simple and to the point. That being said.... Subscribe please 😉

  • @CatarineausArmory
    @CatarineausArmory3 жыл бұрын

    I have my special snap ring removal tool and I am heading to my neighbors AWD Cadillac to see if this tear down is accurate...

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Please keep me updated I've never opened a GM

  • @CatarineausArmory

    @CatarineausArmory

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@speedkar99 I had to rethink the process, his watch cat was out.

  • @Tony32

    @Tony32

    3 жыл бұрын

    Just use an angle grinder.

  • @fastboatster

    @fastboatster

    3 жыл бұрын

    Special snap ring removal tool such as toothbrush like in this video?

  • @adejorogloryisaac3410

    @adejorogloryisaac3410

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@CatarineausArmory lol easy man..

  • @ts9749
    @ts97493 жыл бұрын

    It’s the subtle touches of humour that make this channel so great

  • @CullenCraft
    @CullenCraft8 ай бұрын

    Dude this video is INCREDIBLE I google searched for 20 minutes to get a vague ideo of how this worked but you told me so clearly in amazing fashion

  • @roddydykes7053
    @roddydykes70533 жыл бұрын

    This guy explains concepts better than any other channel, and sounds like a better engineer than Engineering Explained

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    It's better to see real things and learn than draw it

  • @girjakumardinai1833

    @girjakumardinai1833

    3 жыл бұрын

    You speak like somone run after you.is to fast

  • @mahdavimail
    @mahdavimail3 жыл бұрын

    Best car channel that I know on KZread! I love those old T-shirts that you use lol pretty universal. Thanks for Video man👍

  • @bobp7626
    @bobp76262 жыл бұрын

    Awesome explanation and simplifying it!!!

  • @wpowerwagon
    @wpowerwagon3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for sharing your thoughts and great videos

  • @GP1080HD
    @GP1080HD3 жыл бұрын

    Great information. Very easy to understand and simple description. Great job!!

  • @zepmarq
    @zepmarq3 жыл бұрын

    Your vids are the best. Very informative and entertaining. Thanx, brother. 👍

  • @josedominguez2021
    @josedominguez20212 жыл бұрын

    I like your pointer!!! Thanks for the video!!!

  • @kenalford2538
    @kenalford25383 жыл бұрын

    Nice one, thanks for that, it's so much easier when someone else does all the cutting and grinding

  • @johnriley215
    @johnriley215 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent Video. You are a gifted explainer. Thank You!!

  • @yamawwad
    @yamawwad3 жыл бұрын

    Incredibly great video. Thank you very much.

  • @alexovichsky
    @alexovichsky3 жыл бұрын

    Why is this guy not having 2 million subscribers yet, because his videos are worth that much and more.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    I wish! Maybe soon, please share! Thanks

  • @Daniel-zh3qz
    @Daniel-zh3qz3 жыл бұрын

    Really interesting, thank you! And the editing is perfect as always. The video isn't to long or to short 👍🏽

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    That's my style! Thanks

  • @dickb2128

    @dickb2128

    3 жыл бұрын

    too long or too short is correct

  • @test40323
    @test403233 жыл бұрын

    Love your breakdowns and explanations, i look forward to seeing you put it together one day! :-D

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Not with that snow ring removal tool!

  • @adejorogloryisaac3410

    @adejorogloryisaac3410

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@speedkar99 sorry boss

  • @awongutume
    @awongutume3 жыл бұрын

    Did anyone get overwhelmed? I was lost shortly after! This guy is so knowledgeable I wonder how long it took him to learn all this stuff. Good to know there are exceptionally knowledgeable and qualified technical mechanics like this gentleman who are able to explain and demonstrate so simply without skipping a heartbeat. Very impressed. Did I mention how explicit he was during the process? Kudos to you, sir!

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks im glad you appreciate all the details

  • @darsheng4899
    @darsheng48993 жыл бұрын

    Thanks man. Ur presentation is amazing

  • @ajayattul5692
    @ajayattul56923 жыл бұрын

    Thank you a lot for making this video

  • @sniggitty
    @sniggitty3 жыл бұрын

    State of the art snap ring removal tool. I just love it!. This guy is AWESOME!

  • @darrensmith3645
    @darrensmith36453 жыл бұрын

    I really enjoy watching your videos......you are excellent at explaining the inner workings......👋😷👍

  • @miltonschinbein923
    @miltonschinbein923 Жыл бұрын

    Absolutely great video exactly what I needed to learn about awd

  • @Martinsp16
    @Martinsp163 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the video, very clear and intuitive

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks glad you enjoyed it

  • @Snailmailtrucker
    @Snailmailtrucker2 жыл бұрын

    Very impressive ! Nicely done ! Liked/Subscribed a long time ago !

  • @mobilemechanic0177
    @mobilemechanic01773 жыл бұрын

    Great video!

  • @pablomay28
    @pablomay283 жыл бұрын

    My cardboard studio. LMAO

  • @Cheetahtos

    @Cheetahtos

    3 жыл бұрын

    He is a humble man somehow......

  • @anthonyknox9154
    @anthonyknox91543 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the information i really appreciate it

  • @johnquest3102
    @johnquest31023 жыл бұрын

    GOOD JOB! very informative, interesting

  • @310_Latchkey_kid
    @310_Latchkey_kid3 жыл бұрын

    Awesome videos! Besides educational, they're very entertaining!

  • @koi0009
    @koi00093 жыл бұрын

    Always a master of teaching !

  • @MrShunkawarakin
    @MrShunkawarakin3 жыл бұрын

    Wow! Mechanical Genius + Expert Communicator + Flawless Editing = Perfect Video!

  • @IAMPOPP
    @IAMPOPP3 жыл бұрын

    This channel is very informative!

  • @Peter-bg1ku
    @Peter-bg1ku3 жыл бұрын

    Great video! Enjoyed every second of it.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @gibbyrockerhunter
    @gibbyrockerhunter3 жыл бұрын

    I really can’t put my finger on how or why your videos are so clean/easy to follow. Even if it’s something straight forward and common knowledge, somehow your explanation is cleaner then my internal dialogue. And I usually have no issue understanding me...maybe that’s my problem.

  • @jerryjerry0806
    @jerryjerry08062 жыл бұрын

    Really great video! explained things so well!

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks!!

  • @mustafaYkhan
    @mustafaYkhan3 жыл бұрын

    Good video 👍😊 You put alot of effort into making these so you definitely deserve a like 👍🏻💜💜

  • @lewis2553
    @lewis25533 жыл бұрын

    You gotta love this guy. He doesn't beat around the bush, doesn't mince words.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Why waste time??

  • @lewis2553

    @lewis2553

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@speedkar99 Amen to that, brother. It was a very enjoyable and educational video. Thank you. We have a 1999 AWD Ford Explorer, and I don't think I can get the cover off the front differential without dropping the whole front axle assembly out. But that would mess up the alignment, and I'd have to remove at least one front wheel bearing assembly. The Ford dealer charged me $22 for just one of those "single use" wheel bearing nuts the last time I removed a front wheel! It sounds like the previous owner never checked or changed the fluid. In fact, it sounds like it's dry and already damaged. While watching your video, I realized that there is no differential between the FWD clutch pack and and the rear drive shaft, but, instead, that the two operate in a tandem setup, with the rear differential being directly driven by a continuous shaft from input to output of the transfer case. Now I can go home and take a cutting torch to one side of that front axle and just drop it and the front drive shaft out completely with no regrets or second guessing -- and without changing the alignment. We'll just use the car as a rear wheel drive vehicle. It's too old to waste time, money, and work to repair a feature I've lived without all my life, anyway. Thanks a bunch!

  • @brianpetersen3429
    @brianpetersen34293 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation.

  • @sajsed2
    @sajsed23 жыл бұрын

    Epic work and info

  • @wudger901
    @wudger9013 жыл бұрын

    Happened upon your channel. Glad I did-very good explanation of something I’ve been curious about.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Glad you enjoyed it

  • @RattlerSnake
    @RattlerSnake Жыл бұрын

    You are really good at communicating in these videos

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    Жыл бұрын

    Glad you appreciate my video style

  • @isslamic_7712
    @isslamic_77123 жыл бұрын

    you bro always come when I need your videos

  • @dadoboss3322
    @dadoboss33223 жыл бұрын

    great work

  • @jgbalves
    @jgbalves Жыл бұрын

    Great explanation, also video editing and details choosing in your explanation. Normally follow someone disassembling something is hard to follow due to the mechanic to explaining together with the activity. But the way you do is great. Great video. Also answered some questions I had such as "why with so many clutches this system is not hot like hell?" and "if this is a center diff, when opened all torque would go to the front free axle"

  • @geoffdein2894
    @geoffdein28943 жыл бұрын

    Excellent. That transfer clutch is from a nissan G35X. I used this in a BNR34 getrag box to eliminate the stock electric over hydraulic system with the electronic system. This enables true 2wd or 50/50 awd but enables me to control the centre diff for some magic results. Launch control being one of many tricks. This has allowed my 350Z to become a supercar

  • @SamiSmiley

    @SamiSmiley

    Жыл бұрын

    Is this bolt on BNR34 Getrag transmission?

  • @cranespud
    @cranespud3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for doing this i learned a lot!

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    You are welcome

  • @samaanam76
    @samaanam763 жыл бұрын

    Perfect 👌. Thanks.

  • @gacherumburu9958
    @gacherumburu99583 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the info! 👍👌

  • @sportsman042002
    @sportsman0420023 жыл бұрын

    I love your videos man keep them coming!

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    New video out today!

  • @markco4911
    @markco49113 жыл бұрын

    You're a real master I'm so impressed 😂

  • @whoguy4231
    @whoguy42313 жыл бұрын

    That was damn interesting. I remember the early ones kept burning out the clutch!

  • @PhillyDee215
    @PhillyDee2153 жыл бұрын

    Best info as always👍

  • @an5ama5
    @an5ama53 жыл бұрын

    Outstanding explanation. I was hoping you'd describe the clutch pack as a sangwich! Thanks for another great video

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Sangwich 🤣

  • @Montana270
    @Montana2703 жыл бұрын

    Great video :)

  • @KBtek
    @KBtek3 жыл бұрын

    It's very intresting... I smiled 🙂!

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @RC-qf1et
    @RC-qf1et3 жыл бұрын

    This guy is fast and furious, great video and a great job!

  • @zakaryahama5913
    @zakaryahama59132 жыл бұрын

    best AWD tutorial ever made! 👍

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @danniiliasoff2732
    @danniiliasoff27322 жыл бұрын

    You Are doing great in all your Videos. Keep up the good work 👌🙂

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks I'm glad you appreciate it

  • @olafzijnbuis
    @olafzijnbuis3 жыл бұрын

    It is good to realize that both the input and output of the clutch pack are rotating at nearly the same speed when driving only the rear wheels. The non-driven front wheels drive the clutch pack via the front differential and shaft. This greatly reduces wear. Nice video. Much better than expensive and often inaccurate 3D animations.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    They have to rotate the same speed almost all the time otherwise the clutch will wear out.

  • @adriandelgado8709
    @adriandelgado87093 жыл бұрын

    It’s such a simple but yet interesting system

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yea interesting indeed. I'd love to see more complex setups

  • @jeffreywaterson3053
    @jeffreywaterson30533 жыл бұрын

    Looking forward to the re assembly video .

  • @abdullahalotaibi2165
    @abdullahalotaibi21653 жыл бұрын

    It’s good. Thank you for this video

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    You are welcome

  • @coblaze1
    @coblaze13 жыл бұрын

    Wow this is amazing content. Instant subscribe! I like how he is pointing using a tooth brush

  • @scholz222
    @scholz2223 жыл бұрын

    Cardboard Studio :) Thanks for the informative video!

  • @markco4911
    @markco49113 жыл бұрын

    This is great!

  • @grahamtrout9441
    @grahamtrout94413 жыл бұрын

    Great vid

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @Set_your_handle77
    @Set_your_handle773 жыл бұрын

    Can't really see myself needing to know all this info but it's still interesting to watch.

  • @jharbo1
    @jharbo12 жыл бұрын

    I appreciate my Outback even more now. Thanks for the tutorial...now put it back together, lol.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    2 жыл бұрын

    Haha

  • @garyjrsonny
    @garyjrsonny3 жыл бұрын

    Excellent.

  • @picsnics32
    @picsnics323 жыл бұрын

    you should do videos on different styles of awd systems. there's a lot of different designs. that'd be really cool! anyways this video is really informative.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yeah that would be sweet if I could get transfer cases from all of them

  • @windsurfed1
    @windsurfed19 ай бұрын

    Very good explaination! Enjoyed the lesson. Always wonder what separated a 4 wheel drive from a all wheel drive. Thanks for making this video.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    9 ай бұрын

    Very welcome! Check out my 4WD video next to see the difference

  • @fedlutemam7250
    @fedlutemam72502 жыл бұрын

    Thank you heartfully for the vidio

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    2 жыл бұрын

    You are welcome!

  • @triarii_00
    @triarii_003 жыл бұрын

    Is that your brother's old cardboard?

  • @johnmehaffey9953
    @johnmehaffey99533 жыл бұрын

    Super dooper explanation I’ve got all wheel drive on my RAV4 never really wanted all wheel drive but the model I wanted didn’t give the option of 2 wheel drive but hey ho at least I know how it works now

  • @Aussiesnrg
    @Aussiesnrg3 жыл бұрын

    Love watching your videos and learning more stuff. Clear and easy to understand, just brilliant! Do you ever accidentally take one of your brother's new t-shirts? :D

  • @qrogueuk
    @qrogueuk3 жыл бұрын

    I do like Roti and its good to see another way of making it!

  • @darius2640
    @darius26403 жыл бұрын

    Id like to see a video like this but with proper 4x4 transfer case, like patrol, land cruiser, wrangler, defender that kinda thing

  • @jamesnightvisions
    @jamesnightvisions3 жыл бұрын

    One of the best car videos I've seen

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks. What about it makes it the best ?

  • @jamesnightvisions

    @jamesnightvisions

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@speedkar99 don't push it

  • @greg0063
    @greg00633 жыл бұрын

    Great teardown, this is a alot simpler than I thought and it has a backup. You still get rwd if the clutch fails.

  • @greg0063

    @greg0063

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@steph_tsf good observation

  • @timothyswanson8843
    @timothyswanson88433 жыл бұрын

    Man, I love how how concise this video is, plus the old tee shirts and special tools make it funny too. Keep it up!

  • @artyberkhoff8878
    @artyberkhoff88783 жыл бұрын

    Well Done!!!!!

  • @jimmyguy428
    @jimmyguy4283 жыл бұрын

    Really great content! It's as equally informative as it is entertaining. I'm also glad that you only use the highest quality tools such as the "state of the art rotary snap ring remover", and the "precision Oral-B teaching pointer".

  • @dba6121
    @dba61213 жыл бұрын

    My brothers tshirt and my wifes toothbrush...I love your channel bro.

  • @saurabhkumarsingh3498
    @saurabhkumarsingh34983 жыл бұрын

    All clear awd Very good Nice job

  • @saurabhkumarsingh3498

    @saurabhkumarsingh3498

    3 жыл бұрын

    I am Indian boy 👦

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @lekashameti6865
    @lekashameti68653 жыл бұрын

    The whole internet is full of writer styles that explain this delicate mechanical gadget as if they are talking to an journalism loving audience. This gentleman, while he gets fully dirty in oil, he moves forth and back from mechanic level to schematic engineering level explanations, through schemes. He is so dedicated to go to the deepest knowledge and show it to us, that he kills the equipment fixers. The video has been quite smartly produced, combining quick, non-boring and non-academic speech with touchable knowledge, saving us from a long video with boring and anemic theories.

  • @uzielgutz7188
    @uzielgutz71883 жыл бұрын

    Some people are just made to teach 🤙🏽good job meng

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @zauryusifli655
    @zauryusifli65520 күн бұрын

    I liked your video...perfect explanation...but it would be better if u disassembl it tidy

  • @JoeBribem
    @JoeBribem3 жыл бұрын

    Seeing this relatively light duty thieving clutch system design it doesn't seem like it would function at its peak for long even being a wet clutch. Good video.

  • @garypitzer8729
    @garypitzer87293 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the video. I would love to see how A Subaru all wheel drive works and see all the internal parts.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    That would be neat to see

  • @dba6121
    @dba61213 жыл бұрын

    Thats the real What's Inside channel.

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yes Thanks

  • @matthewpalm7484
    @matthewpalm74842 жыл бұрын

    Damn man, you’ve got videos all about the G35, saw your DE Rev-Up tear down and got curious, and the awd system you showed is the one in my car! Nice to know what’s going on every time I hit the gas (:

  • @ferrelx
    @ferrelx3 жыл бұрын

    LOL.. I love your commentary and editing style..here's one for you..a 100% mechanical awd system with the ability to lock any or all tires at need with a Hi/Lo range to boot..hint..only one manufacturer ever did it between 1999 and 2004

  • @StringerNews1
    @StringerNews13 жыл бұрын

    Nice! Looks very similar to a BorgWarner Torque on Demand system, except with the actuator inside the transfer case. Early versions had a 2WD mode and a 4WD mode, but versions with integrated automatic all-speed traction control don't have a 2x mode for burning rubber. :( Worth noting is that in US-made light trucks, a part-time 4x4 system typically has a dog clutch to lock together the front and rear axles, and either manual or auto-engaging front hubs. Full-time 4x4 systems have a differential that can be run open or locked, and front hubs typically don't disengage. The TOD system started with a computer-controlled clutch on a differential, but B-W found that the differential was superfluous, so it was dropped entirely. TOD is pretty effective for light truck and SUV use, though off-roaders & rock crawlers look down on it as "weak".

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for that note

  • @pankajgaikwad1028
    @pankajgaikwad10283 жыл бұрын

    Nice 👍

  • @speedkar99

    @speedkar99

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @adityachothani8424
    @adityachothani84243 жыл бұрын

    great video👍 could you recommend some methods to cut an engine block to make a cut section model???

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