How do you read Evolutionary Trees?
Ғылым және технология
Did a doctor spitefully infect his ex-girlfriend with HIV? This video describes the first time an Evolutionary Tree* was used in a criminal court in America. Learn how to interpret the relatedness of organisms on any Evolutionary Tree... and find out whether the doctor actually did it.
*Also sometimes called a Phylogenetic Tree.
0:00 Introduction
0:29 Example of using evolutionary tree in court case
1:14 Trees depict organismal relationships
2:29 How to read evolutionary trees
3:17 Count the steps?
4:00 See which organisms are closest to each other?
5:20 Compare the Most Recent Common Ancestors?
6:37 Example of using evolutionary tree in court case conclusions
The paper behind this video:
M. L. Metzker, et al., Molecular evidence of HIV-1 transmission in a criminal case. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99, 14292-14297 (2002). doi.org/10.1073/pnas.222522599
Scientific Consulting by Cynthia Darnell
Cartoon Illustrations by Michelle Lotker
Images:
Elephant by Muhammad Mahdi Karim GFDL 1.2
Lion by Rufus46 CC BY-SA 3.0
Eagle by Vtornet CC BY-SA 3.0
Squid by Hans Hillewaert CC BY-SA 4.0
HIV micrograph by CDC/Dr. Edwin P. Ewing, Jr. / Public domain
T rex by Zissoudisctrucker CC BY-SA 4.0
Tiger by Lotse CC BY-SA 3.0
Polar Bear by Alan Wilson CC BY-SA 3.0
Grizzly Bear by Dwayne Reilander CC BY-SA 4.0
Flamingo by Charles J Sharp CC BY-SA 3.0
Snail by CJ Samson / Public domain
SARS-CoV-2 by NIAID-RML CC BY-SA 2.0
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Пікірлер: 67
I absolutely love your teaching style and personality! Thanks for including the criminal case as well
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
This gave me so much motivation, it's weird hahah. You made this a lot easier and concrete and FUN. I've been studying biology now and i always find it hard because there are so many "ways" of wanting to read a tree like that. Our logic would say the closest, but it all about the most recent ancestor! Thank you, and very nice done!! I'm sure you've helped a lot of students by this simplyfied method and positvity
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Yay! Glad it was fun and helpful!
This really helped me! Thank you so much for including the example of the HIV patient, that made it really interesting
This is SO good! I love the mobile explanation - such an amazing visual aid!
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks! I've had students construct evolutionary tree mobiles in class, and I wanted to use that concept to reach more learners! Glad you liked it!
Wow, really well explained and such an interesting criminal case, thanks a lot for the video!
Great video! Very informative. Keep up the great work!
Amazing video, I learned and enjoyed at the same time. ❤️
I love the history lesson! Will definitely remember this topic now
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Glad the story helped make it memorable!
Thanks for this video! Very helpful and interesting to learn!
thank you for this video! It was very helpful!
Well Done! This was so helpful for my epidemiology course
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Yay! Glad it was helpful :)
wow! as a gcse student this was so helpful and you clearly and concisely explained it, thank you so much :)
Why are you so underrated??
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
I'm fairly new to KZread! Thanks for your support - and tell your friends!
@franciscoisidro3622
3 жыл бұрын
@@YouTooBio I sure will! We're wathcing it rn!!
I have a bio test in 2 days and evolutionary trees were the only thing I couldn’t grasp, but now I understand it thanks to your good teaching. Thank you!
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Yay! Glad it was helpful.
Thank you so much for this video, it helped me out a lot!
Wow ! Such an amazing presentation
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
Thank you so much! I finally understand the concept!
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Glad to hear it was helpful!
thank you for the video! You explained it perfectly!
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks! Glad it was helpful!
Simple with clear understanding.
This is superb! 😊 Thank you so much.
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
subscribing now! this was so helpful
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
very interesting and engaging! love it
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
My mam told me to do model for phylogenetic life of tree How can i do !?? Any suggestions
Please make more such amazing videos.
Thanks I’ve really been wanting to learn about evolutionary trees and I loved this video it taught me a lot thank you so much for this video
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Glad you liked it!
really helpful and fun, thank u!
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Subbed. Was great!
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the sub!
LOVE THIS VIDEO THANKS
Good video 👍🏼
So how many “nodes” or intermediate species do we actually know of?
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Great question! If you're asking how many extinct species we know were the Most Recent Common Ancestor, the answer is essentially none. While we have a lot of fossil evidence for intermediate species (such as the fish-tetrapod transition fossil "Tiktaalik" and the terrestrial-whale transition fossil "Pakicetus"), it is HIGHLY unlikely that these fossils represent the actual most recent common ancestor species. Instead, these fossils likely represent "cousin" species of the actual ancestor.
Thank you so much!
your 900th subscriber😊
@YouTooBio
2 жыл бұрын
Yay! Thank you!
Fantastic! 🎉
Amazing 👍👍
Thank you!
Thank you
3:11 DONT COUNT THE STEPS K makes all lines under it
Thank you!!!
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
You're welcome!
I wish you would parse your wording more clearly. Nodes specifically denote common ancestors, not 'just ancestors'. The 'just ancestors' are not denoted, they are everywhere up and down each lineage line.
Subscribed!
@YouTooBio
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
omg the drama i love this
Apart from a great video, I cant understand why this doctor infected his GF with HIV...I mean he should be taken into custody. People like him are all over the place, but coming out from a Doctor....Gosh!
2:30 starts
I loved it
😘😘😘😘😘
🤓