How do oysters make pearls? - Rob Ulrich
Explore how oysters use calcium carbonate to create pearls, and how this chemical compound creates a vast array of other materials.
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Despite their iridescent colors and smooth shapes, pearls are actually made of the exact same material as the craggy shell that surrounds them. Pearls, urchin spines, the shells of mussels, snails and clams, even coral- all these structures are made out of the same chemical compound: calcium carbonate. So how does this single ingredient form such a vast array of materials? Rob Ulrich investigates.
Lesson by Rob Ulrich, directed by Ivana Bošnjak.
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Пікірлер: 472
One day someone will make a horror movie based on giant oysters turning humans into pearls. And I'll watch every second of it.
@ModeFin
Жыл бұрын
At least they die pretty 😂
@undeadladybug7723
Жыл бұрын
I wouldn't be surprised at all if Japan did that, since they already have a movie where people turn into snails
@smallspace7
Жыл бұрын
🥶😮
@ebubechiibegbula5968
Жыл бұрын
Men you are dark....
@cesar.leyvag
Жыл бұрын
This sounds like something out of Junji Ito's mind!
So in essence, pearls are the body reacting to an invasive material by coating with a thick substance that solidifies around it. In other words, pearls are pretty balls of hard snot. Good to know!
@robulrich757
Жыл бұрын
I’d argue that they might be zits ;)
@boson2916
Жыл бұрын
A perfect layman's terms
@user-jw5cu8qk6o
Жыл бұрын
Didn't you hear this is just the leading theory? So there's nothing to know, but to believe.
@danielcrespo9124
Жыл бұрын
I do think there was too much talk over something that can be greatly simplified and shorter
@annihilate2479
Жыл бұрын
God this is going to blow up soon
this is easily one of my favorite animation styles and I love how the content is so precise yet understandable
@kirukiru5421
Жыл бұрын
it was actually irritating for the eye. :/
@en2336
Жыл бұрын
It's dizzying :(
@nighthood9184
Жыл бұрын
it matches my bedroom, full of man stuffs. & Electronic hobby everyday until night.
@ggstylz
Жыл бұрын
@@kirukiru5421 😂
It's worth noting that the vast majority of pearls that form naturally are not round, and most are not gemstone quality, either. Prior to the development cultured pearls, gemstone quality pearls were extremely rare and valuable, so much so that Seneca, writing of the excesses of 1st century Rome, griped about women who wore three-pearl earrings: "This womanish folly is not exaggerated enough for the men of our time, unless they hang two or three estates upon each ear."
@bigsmall246
Жыл бұрын
The womanish folly hasn't changed much. Modern women just hang different pretty things from their bodies.
@fernandaabreu5625
Жыл бұрын
@@bigsmall246 It's womanish folly for me lol
@mimsydreams
Жыл бұрын
@@bigsmall246 And men and others. Piercings are gender neutral. Seneca might have had a heart attack, if he saw gauges XD
@GameFuMaster
8 ай бұрын
@@mimsydreamsstill womanish
@mimsydreams
8 ай бұрын
@@GameFuMaster Really? I guess that just means women are braver than men, since we can handle the pain of a piercing and men cower because it's "womanish".
1. Calcium carbonate is common in the ocean. 2. Oysters build layers by filtering calcium and carbonate in the sea water. 3. With special proteins, there are 2 variants of crystal structure produced from this - calcite (external shell) and aragonite (internal layer), which have different qualities. Calcite is more stable as compared to aragonite, and is less prone to dissolving. 4. Nacre (the pearl) is formed as a crystalline structure eventually. This stronger and more versatile form of aragonite is formed when hexagonal bricks of proteins and aragonite are stacked so uniformly that light bounces in a cascade of rainbows.
@shadilnazir2001
5 ай бұрын
Wow perfect revision. Thanks❤
@AryaKrishnaMS
4 ай бұрын
❤
Oysters : "Who dare trespass my property. Thou shall be slowly petrified and incarcerated inside me for eternity ." Humans : "BEAUTIFUL"
@fernandaabreu5625
Жыл бұрын
Oh no you didnt lololololol
@iseytheteethsnake6290
Жыл бұрын
$ех $3х $!х likes? Sorry mate not gonna click!
@mimsydreams
Жыл бұрын
Humans seem to ignore all signs of defense from living organisms.
@bluehydra2582
Жыл бұрын
@@mimsydreams Like mint. Or chili peppers. Or opium.
@Random-sk6hm
5 ай бұрын
Pearls are the oyster's version of a booger that's encased a pathogen in mucus
I come to learn about pearls but am more amazed about how an oyster came to be. I’m so fascinated to learn that it started out as a larvae, forming a shell around itself (the idea of a tiny bare oyster flesh just floating around never occurred to me before). It makes so much sense. That’s why the flesh is always joined with the shell when we eat any shellfish! Thank you TedEd for reawakening my wonders to life.
@Random-sk6hm
5 ай бұрын
Same with a turtle! It's part of the turtle's body, not independent from it
These animations look like they are created by people who love what they're doing. The narrations too
Woah I actually always wondered how but always forgot to ask thanks Ted ed for always giving us interesting facts and pieces of knowledge
I am 37 this year and am just starting to be curious of the lifecycle of an oyster and how it produces magnificent pearls. 😂 thanks a bunch Ted-ed for always being a great lecturer ❤
They control it on a molecular level wow
it used to be so confusing to me that people prized pearls higher than the shells when i learned that they were the same material. I still find it slightly weird, but I understand people prefer certain shapes now.
@fredriknumse8991
Жыл бұрын
The same material in different shapes or forms can have very different values. An example off the top of my head is wood. You can have a plank of wood, which sure is nice. But you can also have a figure of that same material, which will be worth a lot more even though it's the same material.
@adwita224
Жыл бұрын
@@fredriknumse8991 coal and diamond is another set to fit into "same element, different value"
@aguyontheinternet8436
Жыл бұрын
@@adwita224 no?
@berdwatcher5125
Жыл бұрын
@@adwita224 The carbon structure in diamonds and coal are different, but i guess its still carbon
@dashdots
Жыл бұрын
I pretty sure diamonds are pretty cheap when they’re not cut and polished to perfection
I always thought that it was the build up of sand inside the clam that made the pearl. It's good to learn something new! 🦋🦋🦋🦋🦋
@perpetualbystander4516
Жыл бұрын
Well, I don't consider it a wild guess if you assume that it sometimes starts with a grain of sand, 'cause maybe they can't differentiate that from something else. Just a thought...🤷♂
@max3eey
Жыл бұрын
Sand is silicone
@sijam2m59
Жыл бұрын
Yes
@hyperchlorite8808
Жыл бұрын
@@max3eey Silica (SiO2)*
@poggins4480
Жыл бұрын
@@hyperchlorite8808 💀 ok professor
this is so interesting, I grew up in the persian gulf, i dived for pearls as part of my tribal heritage using traditional boats and tools
@dewilew2137
Жыл бұрын
How cool!!! Very interesting! 😃 May I ask what tribe you belong to?
Why is no one talking about how pretty this video looks? It’s like a neat little stop motion art/science project.
@yellowstarproductions6743
Жыл бұрын
I agree
Literally investigating nacre and shells for my masters so this ted video was a pleasant coincidence
Our minds are like oysters, we earn pearls as knowledge
hats off to the illustrator /animator of this video 💯🙌
I mean I just love the way the animation is being presented. Specifically the inside ocean scenery, giving the water vibration ads out of the world experience to it.
This was one of the most impressive animation styles TED-ED has ever deployed. Hats off to the animator 👏
As a marine biologist this took me back today undergrad days of invertebrate zoology
@cronie8207
Жыл бұрын
Hi! Just curious what do you as a marine biologist usually do?
Ted-Ed is the best teacher.
@yellowstarproductions6743
Жыл бұрын
So true
this channel is absolutely perfect
The production value in his video is just 😮❤
The CO3 in the water which helps build the shell, also degrades the shells when in abundance (carbonic acid).
One of the beautiful arts of nature ❤️.
amazing how perfectly spherical they make it. Nature is cool af
So many oysters, so few pearls ❤
You know the video is good when prof. urchin teaches you about pearls.
I just recently thought about this. Thanks for sharing this
The animation on this one is impeccable.
Great knowledge delivered to public. Very nice experience while searching for the formation of a pearl. I heared a myth in my childhood that when first rain drop enters a sea shell it converted to a pearl. But those all are myths anyway
The sound of the oyster closing like a giant door. Awesome
YOOOO! Art direction of ted-ed vids are always on point!!!!!!!!
My name - Shamuka, means oyster and this vid made me so happy
"Ooh, cool rock! Let me get a closer look..." *Proceeds to get turned into a pearl*
I love this stop motion animation!
Thanks for solving one if my childhood mystery !!
What a pearl this video was!
Thank you for this wonderful video Ted-ed.
Great Great Great & Lovely effort for explanation, thanks a lot
I was always curious about this!
The visuals kept remembering me of my childhood. ♥️
been waiting for this one!
The presentation is excellent on this one!
OK but why is the thumbnail a picture of a pearl in a scallop
Astounding information😃
Informative 🙂
So random, but SO SATISFYING. 😊
Great information and and animation
The human body does this. It calcifies foreign things in the body. A "stone baby" is a incredibly rare pregnancy that dies inside and never expelled, the body covers it in calcium and it becomes a stone. Usually found years and years later. Look up pictures, its pretty amazing, sad but amazing...
@Random-sk6hm
5 ай бұрын
Same with boogers. That's just a foreign invader that's been encased in mucus and later solidified. Pearls are essentially an oyster's boogers.
@src3360
5 ай бұрын
@@Random-sk6hm I can see what your saying lol
There are pearl farms in different parts of the world, so it seems to be a very solid theory if the results can be reproduced so consistently.
woww very impressive animation style and cool chemical explanations! Thanks :)
Another curiosity being solved by TED🙌
Although it looks easy but it takes sometimes years for them to make one pearl . As said 'everything can cause irritation' and hence not every pearl is round and beautiful . Hence, pearls are rare, south sea pearls are one of the most expensive ones.
Wow,Beauty really is on the inside.❤
Well praises for the artwork of mother nature
I turned off captions to watch every inch of screen of this beautiful video.
So basically pearls are deep sea kidney stones
@EmiliaKahavila
25 күн бұрын
😂😂
The same way we make ulcers, time and dedication
ON Any Level!
How would they react to the irritation caused by intrusive sand if they have no central nervous system?
Is there a video you have on oysters life cycle? If no it could be a nice idea^^'. Alo love this video>3
Can you please tell more about gemstones and it's raw form?
This video is a good education for me...
That’s is really really cool good job
I Always Wanted To Know This Thank You TED
So you see, when a Mommy Clam and a Daddy Clam love eachother very much...
@REALLY-EZ-PZ
Жыл бұрын
…they make a smaller clam.
*There is a myth in Pakistan among the old folks that the oyster takes the 1st drop of rain and turns it into a pearl*
In paradise there are homes made out of a single hollow pearl
This animation style is so so beautiful♥️
A little confused at 1:15, I thought that adding CO2 to the atmosphere and that being dissolved into the ocean actually created carbonic acid which attacks CaCO3 in the ocean and makes it harder to build shells
@robulrich757
Жыл бұрын
There are a few steps to the chemical reactions that occur. Carbonic acid then dissolves to make a proton and bicarbonate. That bicarbonate then further dissolves to make another proton and carbonate. These different chemical components all co-exist and the proportions of each depend on the pH. "Ocean acidification" as a term isn't really accurate to describe what is occurring. Instead, what is technically happening is that the ocean is becoming less alkaline, which means that the increasing amount of CO2 going into it now, is removing the bicarbonate and carbonate that are needed for shell-forming. Does that make sense?
Oysters have to be one of my favorite animals now that is so metal they turn their enemies / predators into jewelry
thanks for your time up loading vdo
@sivasacimumporn1608
Жыл бұрын
i don’t trading anything with yOU i don’t trading who have scambag mind set on hidden agendas and treating other badly
so interesting
Cute animation
3:25 eyyy bestagons!!!
More Demon of Reason, please!
One of the best science animatory channel in the world 😃👏
Very well-researched and fine-made video this is. Keep it up Ted-ed
Pearl. Broca's area, or the Broca area is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left, of the brain with functions linked to speech production.
This is a question that my 4th grader asked me last week 🥺
human: look at this beautiful beads oyster: that's a coffin for a worm parasite trying to attack me
So the obvious question is...why dont they just make the outter layer of their shell out of Nacre( or whatever its called) if it is the strongest material they produce? Probably takes too long or uses too much energy im assuming.
You are truly speaking 🔊
Damn that's so cool
"The pearls beauty is made as a result of insult"
@ritajohannessen9804
Жыл бұрын
Thats what God does with us, to make us humble
nice
and that is amazing …
Weeeeeeeeell damnnnn I was NOT expecting pearls to be leftovers
So when you get right down to it, a pearl is a shiny spherical scar.
Me and my sister opened a clam today, it was still producing its pearl so we just got a bunch of liquid
wow!
Hey, I was wondering if I could use your images and animations for a school project, I will give credit. If not, I understand. Thank you for the high quality videos!
Super.👍👍👍👍👍
Cool
I wonder if the Kings and Queens that wore pearls ever thought of them as results of intrusions. As defense mechanisms…it reminds me of Elizabeth I who as some historians say wore such poisonous make up that irritated and ate her skin (and might have killed her)…beauty always find some correlation with pain and irritation.
@ghostderazgriz
Жыл бұрын
pearl and nacre is a relatively recent discovery. The last 100 years type of deal, so likely old heirs didn't know or didn't think of this possibility. Also, to my understanding, it was not uncommon for members of a royal court, bourgeois, or high house, to experiment with chemical substances to produce make-up. It was the norm for many parts of europe.
@Neet-gl5ch
Жыл бұрын
@@ghostderazgriz Wait, but people have been making artificial pearls for a long time now, no?
Life is fascinating.
wonder how this art style was made
Interesting🤔.