The worldwide prevalence of obesity is reaching pandemic proportions.
India too is undergoing a rapid transition, from underweight to overweight & obese population, Prevalence of obesity in India is 40.3% with zonal variations.
Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. A body mass index (BMI) over 25 is considered overweight, and over 30 is obese.
The odds of being obese increases with age, and is higher among women and among urban dwellers.. Physical activity and aging are the strongest determinants of obesity.
Obesity is a chronic disorder that is officially classified as a disease by the World Health Organization (WHO), According to the WHO, obesity is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases such as heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, certain cancers and osteoarthritis.
Causes of Obesity
Diet and lifestyle factors eating processed or fast food, drinking too much alcohol, eating out a lot, drinking too many sugary drinks and comfort eating
In many cases, obesity is more to do with environmental factors, such as not having easy access to healthy food, or unhealthy eating habits learned during childhood.
Physical inactivity
The Department of Health and Social Care recommends that adults do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity, such as cycling or fast walking, every week. This does not need to be done all in a single session, but can be broken down into smaller periods. For example, you could exercise for 30 minutes a day for 5 days a week.
Genetics
There are some genes associated with obesity and overweight. There are also some rare genetic conditions that can cause obesity, such as Prader-Willi syndrome.
Medical reasons
In some cases, underlying medical conditions may contribute to weight gain. These include:
an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) -
Cushing's syndrome - a rare disorder that causes the over-production of steroid hormones
The effects of obesity on the brain are an area of intense investigative activity. New evidence is emerging which indicates that obesity without type 2 diabetes results in a three-fold increase in the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Obesity is also associated with unemployment, social disadvantages, and reduced socioeconomic productivity.
Given the high cost of obesity in terms of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and Alzheimer’s disease, urgent public health measures are necessary to reduce its impact.
Today on world obesity say, let us all pledge to control this largely controllable disease
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