Small correction: The Engineers that designed the "Fix" were not the structural engineers for the original building design. I meant to refer to the engineers of the current "fix" as the "original fix engineers"... not the original building engineers. If you are an engineer and want to perform your own calculations, additional material strengths can be found in the video description. I have emailed the SF Department of Building Inspections and Supervisor Peskin re this concern. I will update you all when I know more.

@nspctor7729

Жыл бұрын

and I had a whole paragraph ready, good thing I didn't press send🤐

@dimvoly

Жыл бұрын

Very good explanation. Did you happen to ask these guys if they've picked this stuff up during construction? The "bearing" plate would look mighty small when compared to the giant rod on site, even if it was ungrouted. Even a non-engineer looking at it would raise questions (the steel fabricator or the site foreman). Of course, small plate or big plate, the rest of this project is a complete shambles.

@AllAmericanGuyExpert

Жыл бұрын

They should just hire FIGG Engineers to do the review. I hear they do great work with concrete in tension!

@michaelclennan8425

Жыл бұрын

Thank goodness I am not a decision maker on this project. San Francisco needs a team of very smart experienced structural engineers who are 100% independent and well paid and supported.

@TheBauwssss

Жыл бұрын

What I know from academic research and scientific literature is that when one performs a 'peer review' of, for example, a research paper (or in this specific case a design proposal), one is tasked with the verification of the work in its _entirety._ You *do not* get to _cherrypick_ whichever parts of the work/proposal/design you do 'include' in your peer review and which parts you don't! What I mean with this is essentially as follows: when one is 'peer reviewing' a work they're essentially verifying, checking and recalculating every single part of that work to check whether or not that which is described in the work is feasible, logically sound, safe and valid from an engineering perspective in the first place (among many other things). And if they find this to be the case, and thus 'approve' of whatever it was that was proposed/established/put forth and/or claimed within the work, then the 'peer review' is complete and the peer review process is finished (unless there are multiple simultaneous peer reviews required). With the peer review process having been successfully completed, the name of whoever performed the review is forevermore connected to the work as (one of) the peer reviewing parties that approved the work. Their name and reputation (and liability, in this case) is now connected to the project, *with absolutely no CYA (covering your behind) whatsoever being allowed.* Either the project is safe and you approved it following your peer review, thus agreeing to accept any and all liability as a result, or it is unsafe, you don't approve the project as a result of your peer review and thus the project cannot continue until they fix whatever caused it to fail the review, or until they find another peer reviewer actually crazy enough to attach their name to the project and give it their blessing. But those are just my 2 cents, but I do know for a fact that the process I described above is how these kinds of projects are usually handled in Europe.

I am a retired consulting mechanical and electrical engineer, having worked with architects for 52 years in the design of commercial and municipal buildings. I have followed your KZread videos and found them very interesting and informative, especially the Surfeside project. Recently I "stumbled on" a short video showing the potential failure of an apartment building for college students in Manhattan, Kansas. After viewing the video I sent an email to the city engineer, suggesting she watch that video. The apartment building was apparently fully occupied at that time. In the email I suggested that the city engineer contact Building Integrity. I did not have any reply from the city engineer. Interesting, the next day or so I saw a news report that the Manhattan fire department had condemned the building. I have not followed up, nor have there been any communications. Thanks for your good work. PN

@jon9103

Жыл бұрын

likely busy getting lawyered up. At least they condemned the building.

@Validole

Жыл бұрын

Probably the City Engineer had enough chops to recognise the problem themself, once it was brought to their attention

@Chereese0808

Жыл бұрын

Wow, that's incredible. Good for you for taking the time out to report your thoughts. It's unfortunate that nobody got back to you. Irritating!!! You did good. Hope you have a wonderful weekend. 🌞

@le_th_

Жыл бұрын

Thank you for going the extra mile to help keep people safe.

@le_th_

Жыл бұрын

@@Chereese0808 Attorneys won't let the do so.

I have an engineering degree in an unrelated discipline. In addition to that plate (and the associated nuts), I'm also worried about the ability to transfer that much force to the existing building. The existing foundation was designed to have force distributed widely across the base. Putting that much force on the edge strikes me as a great way to run into weird loading regimes including torque, which concrete doesn't handle too well.

@SeanBZA

Жыл бұрын

Yes that wedge is kind of small, especially as it would have been easy to water jet deeper under the existing slab, and then pour in a wider thicker raft to spread that load over a larger area. Not as well bonded to the structure, but with enough steel in it, and thick enough to make the slab triple the thickness in that area, it should be able to spread the point loading out a lot. Yes cast without a form, but use a high quality hydraulic concete and superplasticiser, and just keep pouring till full, with a minimum volume of concrete to ensure good cover, and you will have a much superior foundation, then can use the forms and do the rest in a few pours per section.

@peetky8645

Жыл бұрын

agree

@gilde915

Жыл бұрын

True...but how is the system gonna behave if the building starts to move in the event of an earthquake, the forces on the foundation will suddenly have unharmonic spikes....i hope i don´t have flaw in my thinking process..

@evan-edstrom

Жыл бұрын

I also don't understand why the key is angled the way that it is. It's trying to push up on the building, so the top edge of the wedge would be where the force is applied. I know it's tied in with rebar, but wouldn't the angle on the top of the wedge tend to want to push the vault outward away from the building as more load is applied? Would there have been some other limitation with flipping that key vertically?

@JanBruunAndersen

Жыл бұрын

I have no engineering degree, but my first thought was "That is a lot of load going through the threads of 4 nuts (at the top near the jack)". And each thread is like 5-6 mm deep? Is that really enough to hold up the building?

You might want to consider sending this to the Insurance company providing the liability insurance. They could put the breaks on this and force the A&E and Construction company to provide the calculations. Most Insurance companies have engineers on staff.

@F8Tributo

Жыл бұрын

Please! "brakes"!

@bobbymoss6160

11 ай бұрын

You even considered for a min why nothing is being done to shut this building down, because everyone but the homeowners are corrupted? The US Dept of Justice needs to come in here and shut this building down and order a complete evacuation, followed by a demolition of the entire building.

@2112jonr

11 ай бұрын

Yep, the insurance industry's actuaries en-masse would not touch this building without being satisfied that the fix itself is safe. Excellent call.

@Jeph629

10 ай бұрын

Nice to see someone "gets it" !@@bobbymoss6160

@weird_law

8 ай бұрын

Good idea!

UberEats driver here, If the threaded rods are loaded beyond their yield strength, couldn’t you end up with a cascade failure, once one of them snaps, the load is transferred to the adjacent rod, which snaps, and so on. Kind of like the Francis Scott Key bridge, but underground.

@mbican

16 күн бұрын

Nobody here: yes

@davidelliott5843

14 күн бұрын

That’s what killed the twin towers. Beams buckled due to heat and caused a cascade collapse.

@messageobliquespe100

12 күн бұрын

@@RockHudrock nah - the steel has a plastic range after yield. If ya Google images of stress/strain of steel it’ll show you. There is a fracture point but this would require a much higher load to happen. By that stage the load will distribute through the other bars - but remember that the load is transferred to the pile - which will settle by an amount - so ideally the system should work together . This ignores all the other components linking the concrete box connected to the existing foundation.

@pleaseenteranamelol711

4 күн бұрын

KZread commentor here: I found your comment interesting and i agree.

This really sounds like a holdover from the 52-piling design where the plates probably would have been fine, but then they dropped 2/3rds of them and nobody really thought to check that particular part.

@jaylav1125

Жыл бұрын

@ GeneralBolas good point..

@ClaytonChristopherHarbison

Жыл бұрын

Idk if I can trust a Bolas...

@akiko009

Жыл бұрын

I was thinking the exact same thing.

@tuvelat7302

Жыл бұрын

Oh... Good catch. The load would have been much lower then.

@henryhenry271

Жыл бұрын

this is san francisco building department. Somebody dropped a bag of cash of to a few people and they signed off. This building should be torn down.

I am afraid this project is headed for a monumental NOVA / Frontline collaboration episode in a few years. Thanks for the update.

@playgroundchooser

Жыл бұрын

NOVA for "What Happened?" Frontline for "the legal fallout from the estates of the victims." :(

@StaYUTI420

Жыл бұрын

@@playgroundchooser Hey at least the building is mostly empty condos owned by the ultra wealthy, for tax write offs, who won't feel much of a financial impact. The neighboring community is what will be hit the hardest.

@westganton

Жыл бұрын

@@StaYUTI420 What are the odds that they hire the same engineer to design more high rises along the path of destruction of this one? The newly available property will surely be discounted

@jaylav1125

Жыл бұрын

Engineering disasters.. episode 642.

@johnbergstrom2931

Жыл бұрын

No, they are aware of the problem and if it gets bad enough they will externally buttress the building while they dismantle it.

I’m a professional road sweeper and my concern is that wall might collapse if I lean my broom against it.

@2nickles647

11 күн бұрын

Ahhh...a Degree in Road Maintenance 😊

As mechanical engineer I would double check also the "tension fuse" calculation. I'm European, so the ASTM F1554 is not too familiar to me with all of their intricacies, not to talk about the units :) But what is perplexing to me, is the lack of taking into account the notch effect in the tension fuses. Those things, to my understanding, are all through threaded rods. The thread has a significant impact on the tension strength of the rod. There is going to also be wind affecting the building, which will cause the building to sway and that will cause the amount of tension in the fuse to alter. The thread with it's sharp crests and valleys will also act as a perfect swarm of nucleation points for cracks under fatigue load. I'd love to see how this is going to play out, but without the people inside or near the building... Do some of those ASTM or AISC things take these into account? Also your worry about the steel plate is valid, worth some triple checking.

@AlexJoneses

18 күн бұрын

I think for this case they would assume the minor diameter of the threaded rod for the actual calculations, however for the stress concentrations, I think there are some equations that you can kind of just take that into effect but just multiplying everything by 0.8, though I'm not too sure this is going to be much of a cyclical loading kind of thing, mainly how it's going to be under tension constantly, the only actual dynamics being that of an earthquake

All parties involved need to face the hard truth that the building should be dismantled completely.

@garydavidson1970

Жыл бұрын

@@denniswhite3487 True. And it's greed (fast-tracking, shaving a few corners, greasing a few palms?) that likely got them here.

@JohnDoe-vy5hh

Жыл бұрын

Won't happen until somebody gets killed.

@NealD

Жыл бұрын

I’d question first, “Can 1/2 of the building be taken down to lightening the load?” Not a total loss at least.

@te1ephraq

Жыл бұрын

@@NealD I doubt that, they let the foundation crack making bedrock piles system useless.

@yourmom10269

Жыл бұрын

make it newsomes headquarters.............

I am not an engineer, but was a PM who got to see the 4" steel base plates for the Oviatt Library lobby columns sheared right through due to the Northridge Earthquake. Engineers put a lot of faith in steel & the earth doesn't was my takeaway

@johnbergstrom2931

Жыл бұрын

I've read about that building... There was nothing wrong with the steel, the building was just unerdesigned for that large of a quake.

@abloogywoogywoo

Жыл бұрын

You've got to underpin down to the bedrock - you have to for a building of that size that in geologically-active region.

The original foundation was insufficient to handle the load. Remediation has proven to be insufficient as well. It’s time to admit failure and do a tear down before we lose lives.

@GH-oi2jf

Жыл бұрын

You haven’t been paying attention. The latest report I have seen (SF Chronicle 22 June 2023) states that the progress of the leaning has been arrested. There are no lives in imminent danger.

@jasonhaynes2952

Жыл бұрын

I don't believe there are lives in jeopardy, per se (ie. a failure of this fix would lead to catasrophic loss of life), but I do wonder if it's even worth fixing at this point. We can't even be sure this "fix" is going to work, and even if it does, would anyone actually want to live there anyhow? I mean, this place now has a bad repuation. Surely the value of each unit has been greatly diminished. Is it really worth it?

@GH-oi2jf

Жыл бұрын

@@jasonhaynes2952 The fix has worked, so far. The objective was to arrest the leaning, and that has been done. The owners have been compensated for dimished value of their property, as I understand it.

@skyvision7363

Жыл бұрын

@@GH-oi2jf So far... This just has the smell of - It was inevitable. I don't like this at all.

@nbb04001

Жыл бұрын

The current lean ratio is 30" to 600 ft. This is 1:240. As long as the structure is design for gravity notional loads (which it should be per codes) this is well within tolerance for the structure to handle. Throw in a seismic event...that would be a good one to check in the model (which I am sure they have!).

I am an aeronautical engineer and have no much familiarity with building standards - but: The effective bearing area of the steel plate is 6.5"x12"x1.1 -2x3.141*3^2/4 = 71.6in2 Compressive strength of concrete is anywhere between 4,000 and 10,000 psi - so even with the lowest value the concrete covering the plate can take 286,000 lbf, and probably quite a bit more. Cross-section of the plate is 6.5"x1.5" =9.75in2. Shear strength of grade 55 steel (assuming that the plate is grade 55) is about 50-55 ksi. So, the plate can take about 487,000 lbf in shear (from one rod). Can the lower nuts be pulled through the plate ? Without getting into the nut dimensions - a circular shear section area 3" in diameter through the thickness (around the bolt) is about 3.141x3x1.5 = 14.1in2 (more than the cross-section area of the plate based on 6.5" width). So - pulling the nuts through the plate would require about 705,000 lbf. So - I do not think that shear is a problem here. Having said that - the design operates above yield stress. Any rod which exceeds its yield stress will start shedding the load between the remaining 3 rods - which in effect will equalize the load and share it equally between all 4 rods. This is good and makes sense - but leaves no room for any safety factor -which practically does not exist. Even in aircraft design a minimum safety factor of 1.5 is required...I In short - the design makes sense, but if something goes wrong - it won't leave much headroom. I would be interested how you came to the conclusion that it may fail in shear. EDIT: The thing which would really worry me is the assumption that yield will occur along the whole length of the rod. The most obvious location for the onset of yielding would be the thread - unless the minor area of the thread is MUCH larger than the cross-section area of the rest of the rod. Once the yielding starts there - this may lead to tensile failure of the thread. The second problem may be the necking anywhere on the rod (this is how rods usually fail in tension). If yielding starts locally and necking follows - we may end up with nowhere near 5% of total elongation and a fractured rod (fracture either on the minor area, or the plain section of the rod). I sincerely hope that a test (or a series of tests) have been done on the plate and on the rod itself to confirm its behavior (that is, its ability to actually achieve 5% total elongation w/o fracture or necking). And - no safety margin would make me EXTREMELY nervous. If I am reading this design correctly - the whole concept relies on uniform yielding of the rods (along their whole length), while assuming sufficient strength of the threaded section (which may be questionable if the critical section of the rod is the minor area of the thread). While this (in theory) leads to all 4 rods sharing the load equally - the resulting margin of safety is practically non-existent. Controlled yielding IMHO is a somewhat brave concept... Not a design which would make me sleep soundly at night.

@NoName-zn1sb

Жыл бұрын

among all 4 rods

@merzto

Жыл бұрын

Thanks, finally a comment with math and not with "feel like it looks small..."

@sthenzel

Жыл бұрын

@les8489 Very good point! The plate and the nuts have to be pulled through solid reinforced concrete, something I consider unlikely in the design shown. Steel rods can very well operate in a stretched state for years, e.g. cylinder head or wheel bolts. The force they have to hold does not exceed the tension they excert on the connection, so they will not encounter dynamic stretching. But here the bolts are meant to do exactly that - they are basically used as springs.

@les8489

Жыл бұрын

@@sthenzel Well...a long rod can work as a spring - in elastic range. Above yield - its behavior I would consider as somewhat not quite predictable (yield at threads and possible necking). The plate itself - is rather skinny. It takes the load from 2 rods (if I understand it correctly), and the bearing area on concrete is only a bit more than 70 in2. Two plates - 140 in2, and the load is 1.3 million pounds. Which would call for a very high quality concrete with compressive strength in the order of 10 psi. I think that the design is marginal, and the OP was quite right rising the issue - although shear strength of the plates may not be the actual problem.

@jimcarlson6157

Жыл бұрын

​@merzto your comment scares me. this must be rectified. before I wail.

Spent 25 years as a Structural Inspector (Steel/Rebar/Concrete) on NYC High Rises and I agree with you!

@suspicionofdeceit

Жыл бұрын

What’s the worst thing you found in all those years?

@supremedictator.

Жыл бұрын

@@suspicionofdeceit I'm not the OP but I'd probably be inclined to say "Which day of the year?"

@robertsmith2956

Жыл бұрын

Good for you. Most people would be ashamed to admit they stamped AOK on the twin towers construction inspections.

@ES-sb3ei

12 күн бұрын

​@@suspicionofdeceitnyc has some of the best standards in the country. It's where sky scrapers were born.

Josh I think that you have identified a valid issue. As a Professional Engineer with 45 years experience, I agree that, just from observation, the size and thickness of the plate at rhe bottom of the rods appears to undersized for the magnitude of the loads proposed. This area requires careful design where you report there does not appear to be any present.

@Hyperlooper

Жыл бұрын

The plates are even worse than they appear at first when you consider that the weakest sections are where the threaded rods penetrate the steel plates, and this is also precisely where the concrete is also weakest owning to the holes where the rods run through them being in the same location.

@TuckerSP2011

Жыл бұрын

Where are the city engineers who are supposed to oversee this 'fix'? Didn't they even notice that there are no calculations for the steel plate that this whole apparatus is supposed to rest upon? It is shocking that considering how flawed the design and engineering of this building is that: A. They trusted the same engineer to come up with a solution and; B. A qualified structural engineer in an approval capacity did not raise any alarm over this omission in calculations.

@brianbender7438

Жыл бұрын

I live in the SF Bay area and have followed the story of the building for a long time and also commented on previous videos Josh has done on the project. Again, I think he is right on target with his comments. There is a concept called “cold eyes” which many have heard of. It is very much like independent peer review. I work on machinery and spent my career sailing in the engine rooms of commercial oil tankers. Many times we would have a perplexing problem so I would ask some of my qualified shipmates(other engineers) to take a look at the problem. Many times they were able to help-a lot. In the case of the Millennium Tower, some cold eyes would be strongly suggested. Sometimes being “too close” to a project keeps you from seeing some details that are important. Heck, my wife is not an engineer, but she can look at some job or issue and mention something that’s important. Also, maybe some alpha male issues come into the picture; as in ‘Hey, we’re the big time engineers and don’t tell us anything. We know, okay?”. The City of San Francisco should consider his advice, soon. Thanks, Josh. Perfectly stated.

How much will it cost to begin disassembling the building, from the top to bottom, and remove the entire thing from the city? Because... I think they will ultimately regret not doing this.

@dustin628

Жыл бұрын

It's gotta be 10s of millions if they aren't allowed to use explosives and just bring it down in one go. The company who built it will prob just declare bankruptcy and peace out, forcing the city to pay for it's demo.

@JamesTK

Жыл бұрын

Had this been caught early enough it would have been cheaper to start over... Honestly it's looking like the fix may cost more than starting over given the risks of it failing

@rdizzy1

Жыл бұрын

An absolute shitload. Especially when you include the potential losses of not being able to keep the building open, and loss in potential revenue. When you look at inflation that has taken place since the start of this building, it would likely cost more than the entire cost of the building, plus the cost of this 100+ million dollar fix. There is no way in hell they are going to remove this building, they will let SF crash and burn prior to ever removing this building. Most of these condos are 1-15 million a piece, and there is 419 condos in the building, at an average of 2-3 million each, that is like 840 million to 1.25 billion in real estate in that building, ignoring the rest of the building itself.

@makanaokalanichong808

Жыл бұрын

It would not be dismantled. It would be explosive demo.

@DerBingle1

8 ай бұрын

It's not a question of if, it's a question of when.

So, when I need to make a minor change to my two storey house I have to follow archaic codes and get approval from oppressive city officials to make sure its "safe"... yet this skyscraper's iffy foundation design was approved as-is? Ok. I understand now.

@Nicole__Natalia

Жыл бұрын

It's amazing what you can get away with when you have money

@alextheonewarrior

Жыл бұрын

Laws are for the poor. Always have been. Things like this happen in plain daylight all the time and we all ignore it lmao.

@designstudio8013

4 ай бұрын

Because you don't contribute enough to the fatcats....

This tower is the exact case-study of why doing things cheaper is rarely better. If they'd done it right the first time, this wouldn't have been an issue in the first place.

@PowerScissor

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, but the ultra-rich might not get the huge returns they were promised. Have you ever hsd to tell a guy he might have to get by on a 250ft yacht, when he wants the 300 ft one? It's not pretty. Best to go the cheap route, and just hope it falls down after he makes enough money to get that yacht.

@NothingXemnas

Жыл бұрын

​@@PowerScissor The difference here being the rich guy having something for himself and deal with the issues, and a building potentially falling and killing multiple people who had nothing to do with the rich guy's choices. These are barely even comparable! Dude wants a yatch bigger than they can afford? Fuck this client, but consider selling anyway. Dude wants to build a cheaper building? OH HELL NAH, FUCK THAT!

@dallassegno

Жыл бұрын

when your god is money and your holy water is alcohol

@friedpickles342

Жыл бұрын

​@@PowerScissor Lucky Larry Silverstein would agree

@cdreid9999

Жыл бұрын

it sounds like they found an engineerimg form willing to cut corners. Then when fix time came and thry got hufe estimates that required shitting parts of the city down forl ong periods they called them back forcthe same reason

I was an ironworker on the original foundation of the Millennium Tower. Everyone knew at that point that the soil samples showed the building wouldn’t be properly supported before it was built. I’m glad the original engineers were rehired to Rube Goldberg their way through this. It’s very comforting. And yeah: that steel plate is going to explode at some point. If it’s not an immediate grenade, it’ll happen when rust sets in and starts to blow apart the concrete.

@stephanpatterson7585

Жыл бұрын

I believe that you know what you are talking about. I wonder why no one has subpoenaed you. If only they had spent the extra 4 million bucks to do it right from bedrock on up the first time.

@buttsexandbananapeels

Жыл бұрын

@@stephanpatterson7585 there were thousands of people on that job. Nobody needs to subpoena someone that was a 19 year old apprentice. It was common belief that the job was fucked from day one. Plenty of others more qualified to speak on it at the time of my work.

@fss1704

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, i say my uncle, the concrete guy get his boss firing 6 engineers,2 phd's over a clusterfuck in a building in curitiba / brazil once, they could have caused a major disaster in the 2nd boggest building here if they had their way.

@richardhack9830

Жыл бұрын

Justa Stranger, thank you for sharing your experience on the Millenium Tower.

@buttsexandbananapeels

Жыл бұрын

@@richardhack9830 you’re welcome. I wish I still had the videos of doors closing and opening on their own, balls rolling across the floor, etc. bad engineering makes for excellent show and tell. Lol.

I was an engineer for my first year of university (then switched to Physics; go figure), and really enjoyed Statics and Dynamics (basically, the topic of this video). I also taught high school science for a little while. I read a lot of these comments, and didn't see anyone (sufficiently) praise the teaching technique. It was beautiful. I was sitting with the question "so what's at the bottom of those threaded rods?" for a couple of minutes, which made me really pay attention to what could have otherwise been very dry stuff. I'll have to remember this for when I (eventually) get back in to the classroom. Well done! The only downside is that now I have to go watch all your old videos. 🙂

@BuildingIntegrity

Жыл бұрын

Thanks, that means more than you could know.

@J5L5M6

28 күн бұрын

I'm just a simple advertising exec and I wholly agree. I was able to comprehend a great deal of the importance of each piece of the 'fix' apparatus and their purpose(s) to the whole of the project. Thanks BI!

Sometimes I think that the basic design calculations made for large buildings like this should be available at a local court or something. Wasn’t there a building in NY that had bolts instead of welds, but after a visit from some engineering students they figured out that the bolts could snap and had to be replaced with welds?

@farzad6908

Жыл бұрын

Citicorp building August 1978

@neilkurzman4907

9 ай бұрын

The problem with the building in New York, was that it met code to the letter. An engineering student asked the question about what would happen with a diagonal wind. The engineer, rather than blow them off, actually look to see what, in their calculations confuse them. He then determined they were right the building wouldn’t survive in a hurricane without additional diagonal bracing. The building code is a minimum. Not a goal.

@scottzema3103

6 ай бұрын

Welders are more expensive than nut turners.

Your passion for safety is addictive. I have no background in structural engineering but I watch your videos because they are very detailed and informative. I hope your channel grows.

@BuildingIntegrity

Жыл бұрын

Thank you for that! This comment means a lot to me.

@mendelde

Жыл бұрын

hi

@rogerwilco2

Жыл бұрын

@@BuildingIntegrity Indeed. Your content is awesome! You are a great communicator of difficult subjects.

@williamhart8974

Жыл бұрын

@@BuildingIntegrity The next step to to write up your concerns and send them by certified mail to the Fix Engineers, The Review Panel and to the Building Department (if you haven't already).

I started studying for my engineering degree in 1981. That connection reminds me of the Kansas City Hyatt walkway connection that failed that year. Also, I've discovered over the years that proportions can give a good indication of a potential problem. In this case I see a massive pile, massive reinforced steel beam, massive anchor bolts, and a little tiny plate. Right there I would have asked questions. Final comment, as an engineer we are to try to find economies in our designs. All the components in that cross section, the Pile, the beam, the excavation, the concrete etc. The least expensive item in the whole assembly that stupid steel plate!! I would have sized a simple plate large enough to distribute the load to the concrete and with adequate thickness to resist all the shear loads. Then I would have added stiffener plates and plate washer, and it still would be the least costly component in the design. Then I would go home and had a good night sleep.

@ingvarhallstrom2306

Жыл бұрын

Exactly. Those plates are so underdimensioned it doesn't even visually make sense even on the blueprints. It can be seen that far away.

@Dabbleatory

Жыл бұрын

The Hyatt Regency walkway collapse immediately sprung to mind for me as well! This is not my field, but I have seen a fair bit on it as a case study/cautionary tale for engineers of all kinds. It's a great example because it was both a quite subtle issue, yet easy to explain to anyone. This case though, does not seem subtle at all. It worries me that this was overlooked so easily. As a software engineer my immediate instinct is to look at all the interfaces between components and ask "What can go wrong at this point? What have we done to satisfy ourselves that this is OK?" I couldn't tell you if the plate is properly sized, but I would like to think if I was reviewing this, I'd at least be asking the question. Here you have a chain of components that are transferring a force, and nobody did a checklist to make sure they'd thought about all of them and all the connections in between?

@pentachronic

Жыл бұрын

I’ve got the feeling that some Engineer got enamoured by tensegrity and decided to design it into a critical component without understanding the failure modes of tensegrity systems. Like you push it sideways and it fails!!

@rick_.

Жыл бұрын

Seems to me (a non-engineer) that using cables of the sort used for post-tensioning concrete would have been a better choice. Run them in a big loop inside conduit with the end points at least several feet apart. Run three or parallel in each section allowing redundancy. No buried connections, known technology, and if cable deteriorates it can be extracted and replaced with the load temporarily transferred to the redundant cables.

@michaelsullivan3581

Жыл бұрын

FIU Pedestrian Walkway collapse?

Sounds like the developers put huge pressure on the initial designers(engineers and architects) to come up with a hypothetical solution to reduce costs in pilings and then ran with it

I am seeing this video for the first time since it was posted about 3 months ago I am NOT an engineer of aney kind but it's blatantly and egregiously obvious to my high school education and common sense that this is an excellent example of what we now know as STOCKTON RUSH SYNDROME

@steven530x

Жыл бұрын

It's not Stockton Rushs fault one of his passengers was wearing a Suicide Vest Bomb.

@simon1italy

Жыл бұрын

​@@steven530xwtf??😂😂

@steven530x

Жыл бұрын

@@simon1italy there's nothing funny about the Titanic Taliban

@xyz.ijk.

Жыл бұрын

​@@steven530xwhat are you talking about?

@steven530x

Жыл бұрын

@xyz.ijk. I'm talking about the son who was wearing the suicide vest who wanted to blow up the Titanic, but before they were above the Titanic where he was going to detonate it, he was discovered. A fight ensued and the vest went off from a pressure sensor being kicked or punched.

I’m betting the plate in question might have worked with the original count of jacks they were putting in, then someone made the decision to reduce the count and they never re-visited the design of that small plate to compensate for increased loads.

@garrethtinsley2435

Жыл бұрын

It happens in engineering more often than engineers would like to admit. We're all human after all, but for sure these things should be checked

@jrhoadley

Жыл бұрын

@@garrethtinsley2435 1981 Kansas City Hyatt Regency Skywalk Collapse is a tragic example.

@dontimberman5493

Жыл бұрын

@@garrethtinsley2435 no one can be responsible to remember everything on things this in-depth. But as you said that’s why we have thees things checked

@fss1704

Жыл бұрын

That's why we spent a few billions on load inferencimg software.

@v4skunk739

Жыл бұрын

Diversity hires is the problem.

So far, the building has tilted about 30 inches. (Another 6 inches, the plumbing and elevators will stop working). _These are Hail Mary moves to delay that day by a few years (so that the chief engineer & city officials are retired when this happens)._

@naptastic

Жыл бұрын

Good point! Nobody's even considering pre-collapse failure modes... SHEEEEEESH!

@georgevavoulis4758

Жыл бұрын

Chief engineer and city officials should be ARRESTED

@insertphrasehere15

Жыл бұрын

Well, to be fair when they set up the jacks, the intention is that as the building continues to settle, it will settle the other way instead, helping to level it back out. Not gonna work with the issues with this design though.

@Jack-xy2pz

Жыл бұрын

The building in danger is analogous to the local government of San Francisco which is also tilting dramatically to the left and will fail/fall completely due to not reaching solid bedrock (values) There is a tower of babble component to this story.

@Conradt1996

Жыл бұрын

@@Jack-xy2pz damn true

The residents must be terrified - how can they sleep safe knowing the building is so faulty? But, it gives rich folks an insight into the experience of poor people who often have to endure vile living conditions but have no chance of improving things.

24 year homeowner in SF. I have nothing but contempt and disdain for San Francisco Building Dept and Planning Dept over a dozen first hand interactions. I wish them the worst

@st8ofmind325

Жыл бұрын

Sadly it’s the civilizing caught in a potential collapse who will likely pay the price.

@From-North-Jersey

Жыл бұрын

Diversity making us wrong in action.

@billymacktexasdetective5827

11 ай бұрын

You live in San Francisco. What exactly did you expect? People who willingly stay in California deserve absolutely everything crappy that happens to them...

@sfojimbo5889

10 ай бұрын

@billymacktexasdetective5827 Yea, they should live in dust bowl west Texas like you. LOL

@billymacktexasdetective5827

10 ай бұрын

@sfojimbo5889 Well, I don't live in Texas, so I'm not sure what you are talking about. Idiot... Liberals should stay in liberal cities and states. The sane majority of America doesn't want them around...

As a geotechnical engineer that has observed much smaller anchors with a similar design fail while testing them, I am very concerned. If that plate fails the rods could become rod shaped missles which shoot out of their holes through the overlying vault roof. Your analysis needs a response from the design engineers and city building department.

@Hyperlooper

Жыл бұрын

My concern is that as the plates yield, the reduction in force on the jacks will be interpreted as a positive sign that the building is no longer sinking, instead of the reality that they have experienced plastic deformation and are close to failure.

@insertphrasehere15

Жыл бұрын

​@@Hyperlooper Unlikely. Because when that happens all the plates will fail in a cascade, and the building will begin actually settling (and will be measured elsewhere). It will be obvious anyway, since a lot of really loud bangs will be heard.

@insertphrasehere15

Жыл бұрын

@@armamentarmedarm1699 When an element is critical, but inexpensive to upscale, the best design methodology is to overbuild that element to eliminate risk. The cost of quadrupling the thickness of the plate (just stacking four of them even) is essentially nothing in the grand scheme of things.

@fhuber7507

Жыл бұрын

THE PLATES DON'T HAVE TO FAIL. The weakest thing has to fail. I suspect the plates can be pulled through the concrete by the rods.

@Framo60

Жыл бұрын

​@@fhuber7507 The steel plates are also highly likely to fail/break at the rod holes, because there is not enough supporting material around these holes. And when this happens (... to me this is just a question of 'when', not 'if' ...), there is no means of checking the state of these plates and/or the state of the rod ends, because they are firmly enclosed in concrete. From my point of view it would have absolutely been imperative to design this crucial point of potential failure in a way that would have allowed constant monitoring at any given point in time, especially with regards to the incalculable additional stress factors from seismic events in an area that is very vulnerable to earthquakes. Also, there seems to be no provision for re-greasing the piles and the rods in their respective surrounding tubes, which I would consider a serious oversight with regards to the necessity to keep these mechanisms in an uninterupted perfect working state for decades to come - especially with regards to the fact that they are situated in enclosed underground vaults which are prone to high humidity and condensation issues. Overall I think it would have been better/safer to have the piles and hydraulic lifts designed as pushing elements that work directly towards the (accordingly reinforced) ceilings of these vaults instead of using them as pulling elements working towards the floor sections of the vaults. By doing this the whole failure prone I-beam/rod/plate parts could have been eliminated.

I am a UK Chartered Engineer (similar to a USA Professional Engineer). On watching your review of the drawing, I have to agree the bar/plate connection looks worryingly small. From your discussion of the calculation sheet, I understand that the bars are sleeved/greased mainly to simplify the design for "fuse" action of these bars (wherein the designer calculates a required "free length" of 160in). The bars could have been designed with a more conventional anchorage into the vault concrete (that is, a connection that can transfer load more gradually, over a longer length of bar), but then "fuse" design would become more complex as the composite behaviour of the bar and the concrete would need to be considered. By sleeving/greasing the bars, the calculation of free length for "fuse" action is greatly simplified, but by inspection all the load now has to go from the bar to the vault via the plate, just as you have explained. I am also concerned by the unchecked assumption that the jack load will be evenly distributed into all 4 bars. If there are any geometrical imperfections, some bars will take more load than others, which is very concerning since the bars are intended to yield at some point. I agree that if the bar/plate connection fails, the vaults and piles are rendered entirely useless. There would also be a sudden change in support to the Millenium Tower itself.

@Chavagnatze

Жыл бұрын

I don't like the idea of the tension "fuses" at all. Because of the motion and distance time scale, the dynamic load or total load on the building wouldn't be reduced. The seismic event that would stretch the rods would lift grade and effectively leave the building subgrade. Ins't that what they're trying to prevent? Like you said, additional structure anchoring the rods to the vaults would increase their effective stiffness. I don't like the idea of reducing the diameter of the rods to decrease their stiffness and make them effective "fuses" again. Bottom line is there absolutely needs to be a very detailed local stress analysis of those vault anchor plates.

@dperreno

Жыл бұрын

I am also worried about unequal distribution of load to the 4 rods, that was the first thing that caught my attention. Then the rather smallish steel plate to transfer the load and I, too, am concerned about this design.

@xanatax1844

Жыл бұрын

relative to the size of this building, these plates are like stiletto-heels? 😮 I feel like these plates ought to be footers that flare-out, like the bottom of the Eiffel Tower. 😢 I’m not an Engineer … but obviously we want to spread the load OUT, not concentrate it. 🤦‍♀️

@bbgun061

Жыл бұрын

I'm no engineer, but I would expect the bottom plates to be about the same size as the jacking plate. They are taking approximately the same load. Is my intuition wrong?

@networkedperson

Жыл бұрын

@@bbgun061 Various components in the system will have significantly more load carrying capacity than the amount of load carried by the system, so it is okay for the bottom plates to have less capacity than these other components. However, it is not okay for the bottom plates to have less load carrying capacity than the amount of load that they are carrying.

The force exerted on the side of the original foundation is the biggest issue I see here. It’s going to snap and when it does all the energy saved up over any length of time will release instantly.

@billsmith1359

Жыл бұрын

I agree with you 100 percent. The key way connection isn’t anywhere close to deep enough.

@thomasperkins8925

Жыл бұрын

Great point. Opposite side original design could be in tension now with a wind lateral force blowing in the ‘wrong’ direction.

@dennisball4699

11 ай бұрын

That's exactly what will happen, and not very far in the future.The building should be demolished.

@MrBeneneb

10 ай бұрын

This is why they designed the rods to yield. It limits the load transferred between the vault and foundation wall, so that the foundation wall doesn't get over loaded.

Yes, you did uncover the $10,000,000 mistake, and what we need is more engineers just like you.

I was just in San Fran on vacation, and our tour operator was talking about this whole cluster F. You can visually see the tower leaning compared to the neighboring buildings at certain angles.

@BuildingIntegrity

Жыл бұрын

Yikes! Residents can observe marbles and balls rolling across their units too.

@truthserum5310

Жыл бұрын

@@BuildingIntegrity Yes, our tour guide told us about that. He stated he had a friend that lived in the building and demonstrated that to him. It freaked him out. Being from Miami and our recent history here with Champlain Towers, it's concerning on what's going on here. Many are claiming a huge under the table money payout to building dept personnel in San Fran, as originally the building was supposed to have piles down to the bedrock.

@SloverOfTeuth

Жыл бұрын

My gut reaction (not a structural engineer) is: (1) if the plate thickness is similar to the thickness of the top of the I-beam, then if the I-beam can resist pull-through, so can the plate; (2) However, the plate does not have the rigidity of the buttressed I-beam, and it has only a small width margin around the through hole, so it will deflect. That deflection would prevent it distributing load laterally very far, including to the transverse rebar above it, so it will be more like applying a 300 kips load to the concrete over a very small area around the rod. I don't know if that has implications for inducing fracturing of the concrete over the building lifetime. (3) If one imagines that the load starts pulling the plate around the threaded rod up through the concrete, it would then put the plate in tension, supporting the transverse rebar in a cradle. That's not what you want, but perhaps one might argue it as a fallback. (4) In that fallback, how strong is that plate in tension at the widest part of the hole? That depends on the cross section area at that point, the widest part of the hole, and depending on the hole size that looks to be _less_ than the cross section of the threaded rod, the threaded rod is at 102% of yield stress, and there's a mechanical disadvantage for the tension member in a cradle. (6) It intuitively seems that this is the one place one might add a bit more meat, given that it is inaccessible/unobservable and presumably fairly cheap in the scheme of things. At least exceeding the cross section area of the the threaded rod by a comfortable margin would seem to have at least a superficial logic to a layman. But maybe they just sized it so that it could be cut off the I beam?

@nobodynoone2500

Жыл бұрын

@@BuildingIntegrity Residents? You couldn't pay me to live there.

@booterone1

Жыл бұрын

Will the inability of the elevators that can no longer operate, be the end of the live ability of this leaning tower.

I think it's worth repeating that this huge problem could have been avoided had 5 million dollars more been spent on going down to bedrock during the ground work . Now half billion usd is a bandage solution . Will there be a lesson learned ? ❤ this channel

@georgevavoulis4758

Жыл бұрын

Like to know how they reach these astronomical costs to fix this

@peter-pg5yc

Жыл бұрын

nope.

@Jack-xy2pz

Жыл бұрын

@@peter-pg5yc Are you saying it could not be avoided for any amount of money ?

@Jack-xy2pz

Жыл бұрын

@@Forakus Yes if the building falls.. For time being, ask the people who purchased those condos . They're living a nightmare.

@Jack-xy2pz

Жыл бұрын

@@Forakus ok i misunderstood thnx

I am a Aircraft Mechanic and laughed out loud when i seen that steel plate.....

Nice video. As a project manager and former structural engineer in the construction industry I found it very interesting. This kind of anchoring in concrete structures needs thorough consideration and I found it hard to believe that the responsible people did not take this detail into account. Apart from the anchor plate also the transfer of forces from the plate into the concrete and from the anchoring sideways to the existing foundation is an important detail. What I also miss but perhaps you deliberately kept it out of the video is the fact that the extra support is only placed on the outside of the foundation slab of the building while the existing piles are distributed over the entire slab. The newly placed piles will alter the distribution of forces acting on the slab. Just a thought. It's also interesting that the whole proces of development and construction is being highlighted. Very recognizable!

That plate is about the size of a cross beam connector on farm machinery here in Iowa. Like they hold the front and rear gangs of a large disc together. Sure wouldn't want them holding up a skyscraper in an earthquake prone area.

If I lived or worked in SF, I would make a map of the area about this building, determine the height, and draw a circle twice the height of the building (to take account for any domino effect). If I felt a significant earthquake, I would make sure I was outside that circle. Because we all know what is going to happen.

@malvoliosf

Жыл бұрын

I do live and work in SF - my office is about 2000 feet from the 645-feet-hight Tower - and I have to ask: how do you expect I could “make sure” I was out of range? South of Market SF is not the easiest place to maneuver, even absent a significant earthquake...

@dakrashayashi2796

Жыл бұрын

@@malvoliosf Keep an eye on it and don't show up to work if your gut tells you, perhaps?

@akiramenai4973

11 ай бұрын

Get a stethoscope and listen to the walls of that building every day before you go to work. Call in sick if it has a heartbeat.

@skayt35

11 ай бұрын

If you feel the earthquake, it's too late to get out of the area @bwktln @malvoliosf

@thebeaz1

9 ай бұрын

Insanity

I find your videos are so transparent that this complex subject becomes so clear they make the subject an exciting discovery, not some dry treatise that doubles up as a sleeping tablet. Thank you for your work.

Not an engineer but when he showed those tiny plates, I immediately knew that's the problem OP will be talking about...

This situation reminds me of the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse and lack of attention on critical connections. I appreciate your approach to this and how you can make an electrical engineer understand structural engineering concepts. As opposed to most engineering designs (cars, airplanes, computers, etc.) buildings need to withstand years of minimal attention and stay within their design parameters.

@boggy7665

Жыл бұрын

I'm thinking of the concrete truss pedestrian bridge in Florida. 'Concrete' and 'truss' are words that you don't hear in conjunction very often. Similar scenario. Tensioned rods with adjusting nuts anchored in concrete. The concrete failed where the rods imparted force to the concrete.

@donalddouglas5988

Жыл бұрын

Right on , in the St. Louis walkway collapse where the nuts pulled through holes in the beams . 200 plus people would be alive ,if they had just put big thick washers under the nuts.

@helenhebert7127

Жыл бұрын

The Hyatt Regency bridge collapsed because the support rod connection was changed in the shop drawing phase. The original engineering was not great, but the decision to split the rod was fatal.

@wizengy

Жыл бұрын

In this disaster, the new design that made it easier to build, doubled the load on a set of nuts and the nuts failed at this new load plus a walkway full of people.

@robbsutube

Жыл бұрын

As soon as i saw the threaded rod in cross secrion... i thought the same thing

I've completed a few pull out tests on piles and grouted anchors over the years. I've seen 40mm (1 3/4 inch) steel bar fail in tension at 70% (~900kN) of its "ultimate" load (~ 1250 kN). Very similar loads to the bars in this design. I've also seen the nut on a 40mm bar pull through a 25mm (1 inch) plate at similar loads. When you are dealing with loads this extreme, things deform in ways you don't expect and sometimes attract additional loads greater than design. I would also question the concrete's ability to take the load as well as the plate. When steel fails at these loads, it's like a bomb going off!

@gotherecom

Жыл бұрын

Clearly, the engineers need bigger nuts.

@lkhoop

Жыл бұрын

6:06 6:08

@designstudio8013

4 ай бұрын

The concrete figure you cite are ultimate strength. You can only use about. 20% for design.

@johnland7318

16 күн бұрын

One question well two! ........Can the threads on the bars or the pairs of nuts take the strain with out shearing off. Why is the load transfer system - rods to tiny steel plate just a big penny washer, ? Never mind the small steel plate. Think about the 8 nuts!!!!!!!

I am a not an engineer, but this video is great. Breaks everything down into understandable concepts and terms. Well done.

I'm going to be frank: Whenever I walk or drive by this tower -- or visit Salesforce Park -- I feel just a bit nervous.

At this point, a slow, careful disassembly would probably be ideal.

@Reth_Hard

Жыл бұрын

But is this really the end of the world if this building is collapsing? I'm pretty sure when things like that are happening, there is even more revenues that's end up being generated by all the news agencies, TV channels, KZread videos, etc... than the original value of the building itself. Not to mention that every time something like that is happening, the people are getting close together and it turns into something very heartwarming. And there is also all the knowledge that we can get from the investigations for the future building constructions, etc...

@dontask8979

Жыл бұрын

Or one extremely oversize explosion that levels the whole state.

@chrism4008

Жыл бұрын

Probably more cost effective to implode it and maybe start again, or just dont build one

@yourhandlehere1

Жыл бұрын

@@Reth_Hard Yes, it's always so heartwarming when people die under piles of rubble. The peace, the calm, the toxic dust wafting in the breeze...

@Mr_Eyeholes

Жыл бұрын

@@dontask8979 FINALLY Someone is making sense.

I agree 100% with your assessment, the bolt anchorage will fail long before the bolt fails. In any case to design a critical element that is suppose to stabilise a massive building to be stressed beyond its yield strength is absurd and must certainly fall outside design code requirements. These bolts are designed to fail if the load is too high defeating the whole purpose of the repair work. This is a disaster in the making. (Retired structural engineer)

@ericlala

Жыл бұрын

I don't get why the threaded rods on the sides need to be sleeved and greased. it should be stuck and moving with the vault. the only thing that should slide is the vault and the pile.

@DavidByrden1

Жыл бұрын

@@ericlala They need to be greased because, as the previous comment mentioned, they are designed to go beyond their yield strength. The system is RELYING on them to extend a little (without snapping!). And in order to extend without breaking the concrete, they must not be attached to the concrete.

@Jack-xy2pz

Жыл бұрын

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall, Humpty Dumpty had a great fall; All the king's horses and all the king's men Couldn't put Humpty together again.

This is a good example of doing right the first time. On the other hand everyone involved need to face reality that the building needs to come down.

@dondoyle8474

9 ай бұрын

The problem is the company is bankrupt either way so the don’t care. It will fall down kill thousands of people and they will walk away…..

@carlmorgan8452

9 ай бұрын

No way I personally would live anywhere near this building 😳

@dondoyle8474

9 ай бұрын

@@carlmorgan8452 you sound like an investor or a gambler.

I'm not a structural engineer, yet it seems to me that top-down demolition, of the Millennium Tower, is the only safe course for San Francisco.

@youtbe999

Жыл бұрын

Much better option than waiting for the next earthquake to demolish it.

@Soken50

Жыл бұрын

The phrasing of this comment could imply you're advocating for demolishing the entire city from the top down rather than just the building. Edit: Can all the angry boomers seriously asking for the city to be bulldozed kindly get the 🦆 out of my mentions, thank you ✨

@PapaWheelie1

Жыл бұрын

So start on the north side of SF? 🤣

@tuck6464

Жыл бұрын

I figure at minimum the top half of the building would need to be dismantled / taken down to semi-safely accomplish any significant repair. But that's just my opinion.

@HemiChrysler

Жыл бұрын

@@Soken50 amended

It’s not just the weight of the building they should be calculating in but also the seismic forces that this building will encounter.

@sc1338

Жыл бұрын

Dynamic loads were included. Get good noob

@vicw9223

Жыл бұрын

​@@sc1338 why add the snark?

@j.b.3825

Жыл бұрын

Agreed. The fact that this nightmare building is in San Francisco, next door to the huge transit hub, makes the malpractice so much worse.

@sc1338

Жыл бұрын

@@vicw9223 I was joking. Hence the “get good noob” 😂

@thetruthserum2816

Жыл бұрын

@@sc1338 Bro , he literally explained that the part in question, which had no static or dynamic load analysis done or presented, was a 1.5" x 6.5" x 13" steel plate with a 3" hole drilled through it to support over a 1/4 Million Pounds static. I guess the whole premise of the video was missed by you, or can you enlighten me?

Also, you can't use straight threaded rods in applications where they are loaded beyond their yield strength. In this case, special tension bolts are required, which do not have a continuous thread, but a stretch area with a reduced diameter. This diameter must be significantly smaller than the core diameter of the thread. There is no way those straight threaded rods will act as reliable fuses with predictable yield behavior.

@thedubwhisperer2157

Жыл бұрын

Agreed - in my mind, threaded rod is not much more than a piece of rod or bar with a huge helical stress-raiser along its length yelling FAIL HERE. These civil engineers need to take a leaf out of the automotive/aeronautical design handbook!

@TexasEngineer

6 ай бұрын

I think, the load is limited by the amount of prestress or tightening with the jack. Once the tension load to the bolts is removed there is no more load carring capacity.

Combine the soil mechanics of the Transcona grain elevator with the threaded rod connectors of the Kansas City Hyatt Regency and you get - the Millenium Tower.

I am not an engineer but just viewing this video reminds me of the old adage. “There is never enough time to do it right, but there is always enough time to do it over.” ~John W. Bergman.

I am a retired electrical engineer, PE; who practiced for over for almost 50 years and I love your channel. It seems like an analysis of that plate would be integral to the functioning of that scheme. I would love to have those engineers explain to me why they chose not to do any analysis of it.

@bbgun061

Жыл бұрын

My intuition tells me the bottom plates should be the same size as the jacking plates. They're carrying the same load, right?

@donaldbiden1920

Жыл бұрын

Why do you imagine they didn't?

@canonicaltom

Жыл бұрын

@@donaldbiden1920 Because the engineer in the video said that they didn't

@dontimberman5493

Жыл бұрын

@@donaldbiden1920 what is the absolutely have no calculations on those plates if they had done them, we would’ve included them in the design information

@nufosmatic

Жыл бұрын

Or they did they do an analysis of it, found it wanting, and could not find a cost-effective alternative, and just failed to report their findings?

As a retired engineering geologist with 54 years experi'sence I offer the following: 1)The four vertical bars should have been regular deformed rebar ("Dwydag") with machine threads at the top and bottom where nuts are used to attached to steel. 2) The length of the vertical bars should not have been greased and encased in PVC pipe. That way the entire length of the bars could have engaged the concrete, distributing the load throughout the body of the concrete fuse block. 3) The design load on the vertical bars should have been kept to 70% or less of the steel yield strength. 4) The "fuse" concept to gradually take up the load should have been accomplished by using the hydraulic jacks in gradual stages, monitoring the downward settlement of the building as each jacking event was done. Jacking stress should be kept relatively low until all of the proposed piles were installed. That way the building's ongoing settlement could be carefully monitored as load is taken up by the piles. Pile loading should be adjusted with the jacks to slow down and/or stop the settlement evenly around the perimeter of the building. 5) The steel plate at the bottom should have been larger and thicker, even though much of the load would be picked up by the body of the concrete in my scenario. I hope this helps.

@GH-oi2jf

Жыл бұрын

The rods have to be free throughout most of their length so they can stretch. They act here like ultra stiff springs. If the free length were shorter, there would be less movement before reaching the yield point of the steel. More likely, though, is that the bar would fracture the concrete starting at the top.

@dougaltolan3017

Жыл бұрын

​@@GH-oi2jfBut every characteristic of the steel bars could be emulated with hydraulics. If much thicker bars were installed then a much wider range of characteristics could be implemented.

@michaeldamian5140

Жыл бұрын

@@GH-oi2jf Heavily loaded rock bolts are used routinely to stabilize dams, landslides, etc. One way around the stretching issue is to fix the bolt to the bottom of the hole, prestress the bolt to its desired amount of stretch, then grout the bolt into the hole. The prestress is then released, placing the rock mass into compression. The top of the bolt can then be tied to the actual load. To crack the grout/rock/concrete the force would have to exceed the prestress force. These anchors are modeled as a cone shaped cross section having a large amount of surface area to shear before failure could occur. This results in a very stiff system, with the load adjustments done hydraulically.

This building is DOOMED 😮

This video has been haunting my thoughts. Today while eating lunch, I couldn't help but think this has some spooky similarities to the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse of 1981. Insurmountable stress on threaded rods, nuts, and a steel surface far too weak for the task.

@somedumbozzie1539

Жыл бұрын

It was the first thing that came to mind and I'm just an armchair engineer bicycle mechanic and I can tell you that fix is not going to work and I hate to think what will happen it is even a minor earth tremor let alone something around the 4 to 6 scale

@andyallen7509

Жыл бұрын

Yes, Hyatt Regency all over again. Only difference is these rods will push, in Hyatt the pulled through. The stresses are similar. Excellent comparison.

@andydent3728

Жыл бұрын

@@andyallen7509 the threaded rods are under a tensile load, pulling the little plates at the bottom upwards. So it's identical to the Hyatt Regency situation.

@ct92404

Жыл бұрын

I was just about to say the same thing! I was getting creepy Hyatt Regency Skywalk vibes about this.

@ninjaneerk5601

Жыл бұрын

This does seem like history repeating itself.

This reminds me of the movie Idiocracy when Joe, suddenly realizing he’s 500 years in the future, looks out the window of the hospital and sees leaning high rise buildings trussed up with cable and a car driving off an unfinished overpass down into a pile of other cars.

AND the elephant in the room is: what will happen in a major EARTH QUAKE?...

Watching your videos reminds me why I went into Electrical Engineering instead of Mechanical Engineering. Great analysis and kudos for finding these potential design flaws.

@designstudio8013

4 ай бұрын

You mean structural engineering.

As a non engineer, if I can see immediately there are problems with the planned fix, then there is a very difficult road ahead for the building, engineers & the city. Good luck. Your explanation is, as always, clear & very well illustrated. Thank you.

So you’re telling me, in a place with great tectonic activity which also contains soil prone to liquefaction, they built a massive residential tower that wasn’t connected to bedrock??? As a geologist this shit baffles me

@simontay4851

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, its absolutely crazy. Could only happen in the US. Would never be approved in Japan, for example - another very seismically active country. I bet all of Japan's tall buildings have piles that go down ALL THE WAY to solid bed rock.

@Xc31

Жыл бұрын

​@@simontay4851*China* : Hold my Tsingtao

@designstudio8013

4 ай бұрын

Corruption, not illogical.

@baloog8

16 күн бұрын

Tech is amazing but sensitive.

A few other people have mentioned this too, but the diagram showing those rods and plate assemblies in the "vault" are giving me really creepy vibes of the Hyatt Regency skywalk collapse. I just have a BAD feeling about this.

@Daniel-qw5ve

Жыл бұрын

Had family there. Was hard to understand the stupidity that led to that design flaw.

@thedubwhisperer2157

Жыл бұрын

@@Daniel-qw5ve There was no design flaw; there was a design CHANGE flaw.

I'm thinking of two long-term things: Corrosion and earthquakes... Now think of the friction piles on three sides and one side load on the bedrock. Then... Earthquake. Bedrock moves (so far so good). However, "earthquake soil liquefaction" may occur on the other three sides where the friction piles are holding up the bldg. I surmise the soil doesn't move in perfect unison with the bedrock because of inertia and there is a delay of movement of the top of the soil from the bedrock. But the new piles are on the bedrock and the old ones are in the soil... I can't see any good coming out of it... Do you?

When I saw that they built this monstrous building on sand-supported pilings, I just shook my head. When they built my house, they did this same "engineering" - and guess what? I paid big bucks to do perimiter pilings to jack the joint back up. And - yes, we have foundation dishing. Go figure...

@Free_Krazy

Жыл бұрын

Who could have guessed an engineering method that even failed to work on a house would work flawlessly on a sky scraper lol

@youtbe999

Жыл бұрын

That's because it is your house. I will bet that none of the engineers, architects, developers, etc. own anything in the Millennium tower. Their only ownership is the extra proceeds from cutting corners.

I was in the USAF and was an aircraft mechanic, I was tasked to do safety as I did that in a former life. I was told to sit in meetings with engineers and architects that were building a new huge hangar for our F-16's. As I was looking at the blue prints for the hangar I saw a huge mistake and brought it up during one of the meetings. I was a staff Sgt, after I told what my concern was The Colonel engineer asked me "Sgt, are you an engineer? I replied no. He told me in front of the other 14 officers that when I became an engineer I could bring things up. In the next meeting I brought the item I was going to point out and just put it on the table in front of me and didn't say anything. During the meeting I saw others and the Col. looking at it from the corner of their eyes. After awhile I was asked to explain why I brought the item to the meeting. I said because this is one of the 5 things that has to be put in the hole in the hangar floor for the aircraft power and what is on the plans even this one item will not fit. The Col. then said 'maybe we should listen to the SSGT. These engineers and others doing this sort of work should keep an open mind to others that may know enough to help with design.

@MikMoen

Жыл бұрын

That's a widespread problem with society. We don't like to listen to anyone who doesn't have recognized authority on a subject, even if they do have knowledge or insight.

@Radi0he4d1

Жыл бұрын

"I''m senior so I'm automatically right" is the most toxic, destructive, and ignorant stance someone can hold in a relationship or workplace

@o0o-jd-o0o95

Жыл бұрын

Many people have died simply because somebody has an ego. In the airline industry it's called crew resource management where nobody is shamed or put down, everybody's ideas are considered. Every single human being has the ability to make mistakes. ( I'm not in the airline industry or anything , i have simply learned alot about it because it interests me. There have been quite a few aviation accidents where the other crew just assumed that the captain knew what he was doing and did not speak up, due to their lack of experience compared to the captain)

@o0o-jd-o0o95

Жыл бұрын

@@Radi0he4d1 in a lot of situations the fact that somebody has so much more experience than someone else can play a big part in the reason why that person could make a mistake. Your doing the same things day after day. you get comfortable. you begin to think that you could do this with your eyes closed... and before you know it you're making a mistake. Whereas the less experienced new guy is constantly double and triple checking his work to make sure he's not making a mistake. Not saying that experience doesn't matter because of course it does but it can leave you vulnerable if you're not careful

@alessandroortiz

Жыл бұрын

See the problem here is not with the engineers and the architects, they designed whatever they designed based on the requirements the client gave them. I know that on the design side, we always ask what is going into a specific room, what sort of dimensional clearances are required, and coordinate these items with the engineers. Then it's up to the client's team to either give us the leeway to add some breathing room for later on, or min-max the hell out of the project and potentially create engineering and code issues during construction or later on.

Ronald Hamburger is the most incredible name of all time

I am not a structural engineer, but it seems to me that the “key” to this whole vault system is how well this vault is “keyed” to the existing building. Are there any calculations to justify this part of the design?

Literally EVERYTHING about this building has been "Oh no! It's doing something unexpected! But we totally got it this time!" like 7 times in a row now. That building is coming down one way or another. The only choice is whether it falls down or we bring it down. Some one has to decide to just cut their losses and write it off at this point.

@TheEDFLegacy

Жыл бұрын

I sincerely hope it can be dismantled and rebuilt elsewhere, where the ground is sturdier. It sounds like the overall design is okay - just not great, and certainly not for this location.

@patrickgomes2213

Жыл бұрын

I've been looking for a comment along these lines. Sometimes mistakes are made and there's no getting around them. That's what this situation strikes me as. It's probable that there isn't an engineering fix here. Sometimes admitting defeat isn't bad. Time to put the building out of its misery (before it puts lots of someones out of their's.)

@silverchords1277

Жыл бұрын

My thoughts exactly!

@richardhack9830

Жыл бұрын

M.D., your statement is definitely right. Now the real life problem is: who is going to pay ($$$$) for it? Accusations will fly, lawyers will be marching in. "Ouch!! What is hurting there inside my wallet?"...

@chad_bro_chill

Жыл бұрын

@@richardhack9830 It's not like SF has any shortage of money being thrown directly into incinerators. They'll be fine.

I am a retired Chemical Engineer after 45 years so I only have a fundamental understanding of your presentation. I have been following work on the Millennium Tower for several years and finally I am happy to have found your work and found it to be an excellent report. I will continue to follow you on future videos. Thanks.

I am definitely no engineer, but used to work construction in California. We built a wood frame 3 story dormitory building at the University of California Northridge and the earthquake "hold downs" that they used were 1" threaded rods from the first floor to the second, and then stepped down each floor. I think 3/4" and 1/2". 2-1/2" threaded rods seem to be way too small for a building that size compared with 1" on a comparatively simple 3 story building.

As a construction specialist my concern is with the increased torsion on the existing foundation. With the Introduction of a lateral load I would want a deeper and more robust foundation support under the original foundation. That along with the entrenched plate at the at the bottom of the load rod which will not be observable is definitely shady. I would fear that a sudden seismic event could be catastrophic when rods are at or above yield as well

@thedubwhisperer2157

Жыл бұрын

I feel that 'fuse', in my electrical thinking, is a rather apt description. If one threaded rod - already past yield - fails, the rest will follow as the increased strain pushes them all to tensile failure like a house of cards. I believe there was a terrible bridge/overpass construction failure in the US when bolts were loosened to correct misalignment and the entire structure basically 'unzipped' as each fastener failed in turn. Perhaps someone can remind me of the place and date...

@WilliamSmith-rs8mj

10 ай бұрын

Well done Sir.

I’m not a numbers person at all, but I’m fascinated by the psychology/group dynamics that lead to really bad decision making. I love your channel because you explain the technical side in a way that even I can understand, and you also provide some insight into why a situation may have happened. (Too much focus on cost-cutting, assuming that someone else has done the calculations, etc.) Understanding *how* intelligent, qualified people, when put together in a group, can overlook something that seems obvious is intriguing.

@johnfitbyfaithnet

Жыл бұрын

Groupthink

@encinobalboa

Жыл бұрын

Two adjectives are pervasive throughout: Cheap and over-confident. What could go wrong?

@phuturephunk

Жыл бұрын

Cost is a huge factor. I'm not sure about San Francisco regs, but here in NYC, you can't demo buildings of this magnitude easily. So say you go through the catastrophic process of writing it all off. Now you essentially have to erect a giant shroud around the whole thing and then work from the top down breaking it down. There is a breathtaking amount of resistance to doing something like this, for obvious reasons. The last time this happened in the US was with the Bankers Trust ( Deutsche Bank ) building right next to the world trade center. It took them several years to fully deconstruct it. You can bet, due to sunk cost, that they want to avoid having to do this by any means necessary.

@encinobalboa

Жыл бұрын

@@phuturephunk It could demolish itself. Side pins with partial and imperfect connection to bedrock is not re-assuring when the next earthquake hits.

@xraceboyex

Жыл бұрын

Govt spends more money than they take in - effectively counterfeitting money. They take that counterfeit and reward people based off of narratives, instead of performance. Then those inept people who get all the money develop big ego's and think they're the smartest people in the world. Before you know it, incompetent people are managing multimillion dollar building projects and buildings are collapsing

YT suggested your channel to me a few weeks ago and have found your content fascinating! I’m a contractor but not an engineer. Nevertheless, I find your method of delivery very easy to follow along with and understand. Keep up the good work👍

@BuildingIntegrity

Жыл бұрын

Welcome aboard!

"What's your chief engineer called?" "Ron Hamburger." "Yeah, I'll pass, thanks."

@GH-oi2jf

Жыл бұрын

His plan for stabilizing the building worked. Why make fun of his name?

Because the vault only being connected on one side to the building, the rods closer to the building will experience a higher load. The whole thing will try to rotate towards the building due to non symmetrical loading.

@bradfordprice3781

Жыл бұрын

That's what I was looking at. The typical placement of the rods is in direct alignment under the wall. Only compression forces pushing downward on the existing pylons. These compartments are side mounted to the basement. Concrete is very weak in tension loading even with rebar. The weight of the building is going to apply a moment force to the thin wall of the building foundation and crack the entire length of the side at the top line of the basement. The better option is to replace a set of existing pylons with this setup. The load needs to be directly over the pylons, not cantilevered off the side.

@lucusloc

Жыл бұрын

I thought the whole point of the side pylons was to simply slow the settlement on the faster side. This is why the rods are designed to yield right? So they do not actually hold up the building only on one side? Once the settlement rate is slowed the rest of the building will not experience any shearing since it will be more or less evenly supported. The only shear forces will be the uptake of that extra load, which should only be a small fraction of the total weight. Or am I misunderstanding how this fix is supposed to work?

@bradfordprice3781

Жыл бұрын

@@lucusloc The building load is, currently, straight down at the wall. Suppose the wall is an 8foot long 1foot tall 3/4inch thick plywood. All interior forces are pressing down on the upper edge of this wood. If you take a dead blow hammer and tap irregularly along the edge, this will drive the 3/4inch thick wood into the ground like a knife. Live loading is like this, and the edge will descend vertically, yet evenly end to end, which is the situation as it exists today. However, in this building, one end is digging in faster. Next, attach a two chunks of 2x4 along one side at 2 different locations. Now tap with the hammer again. Notice that the board will tend to warp. That warp cannot be avoided because of uneven forces caused by rotational forces at the attachment points of each 2x4 block. No matter how lightly you tap, the board will warp as the edge buries itself deeper into the ground. Wood can take this kind of uneven force. Concrete fails under this type of loading, hence the cracks in driveways and sidewalks as the concrete settles. The basement wall of this building will crack under the warpage caused by those side loading pylon boxes (2x4s). It will crack along a horizontal line drawn between the top of the 2 pylon boxes. That is why pylons under skyscrapers have to be directly under the load, that makes them part of the compression loading. The fix pulls the support off to the side of the wall, putting tension on the inside wall of the basement at the top of the pylon boxes. This is bad.

@DarthSpock9940

Жыл бұрын

I’m not an engineer in any form, but when I first saw the design in this video I had a similar thought.

I admittedly don’t deal with buildings, nor have I done any calculations on this, but I am a naval architect and ships involve some truly mind-boggling loads. 1 1/2” plate is about what you’d expect to find as the flange thickness for the foundation for a big diesel, and just based on my eye, a connection where something like a bolt is loading a plate like that with 125 tons, I’d expect a lot more backup structure around those holes, with a lot more material on either side. I wouldn’t expect only 1 1/2 on either side of the bolt with no backup structure on something that important.

@Nilshelppi

Жыл бұрын

Just as an interested “ spectator “ I would think that those “ all thread “ bolts and washer and nuts should be about 12 inch diameter sizes , given the loading they are dealing with. Simpler plan is to “ prune “ the building down to 10 stories.

@dougbourdo2589

Жыл бұрын

Appears that the surrounding concrete of those "small" 'all-thread' plates is part of the expectation of support.

@frankagent7472

Жыл бұрын

Perhaps they intend to use a big-assed fender washer, a lock washer, and "Blue" thread locker on the nuts at the connection point to the metal plates. You can't argue the extensive safety factor of the blue over the red.

@johnsmith9161

Жыл бұрын

@@frankagent7472 They will not be needed as they have put lock nuts on one end of the threaded bar. If they wanted to silence the doubters they should have put 3 or 4 locknuts on each end of the threaded bar.

@fhuber7507

Жыл бұрын

I'd expect "overkill is almost enough" for the plate preventing pulling the rod out of the concrete. Something on the order of a manhole cover near the bottom of the concrete.

I am a mathematitian and pyhisicist. What i can say about relying only on your own analysis is, don't! Without really critical review everyone tends to fall for his expectations. This is why we always do presentations in front of a competent audience. This video makes me wish you would look after a big project in germany, the new trainstation in Stuttgart. There are some details the designers should be concerned about. But politicians want that thing, so it goes it's way.

@Jeph629

11 ай бұрын

Hwoly hsit!

Your channel and explanation is exceptional. Its very refreshing to see a real engineer (yourself) in action. Most engineers today just want to become managers, and most aren’t even good at that. As a fellow engineer, I’d like to congratulate you on your piece. I’m now subscribed.

I address those in the future that will watch this video after the Millennium Tower got worse or fell over: Yes, someone figured out the problem (21:45) beforehand and no, the management team didn't care to find out.

Here is another good one. My father was the photographer on the Fred Hartman bridge that was built to replace the Baytown tunnel, in Baytown, TX. The Bridge was built with epoxy coated rebar (yellowish green coating). For years he had a piece of the rebar that had been cut and engraved with a diagram of the bridge (it was given to all the contractors). I never did find it after he passed away, but I remember it. I think we all know what happens to epoxy coated rebar, the corrosion from pinholes in the coating is far worse than with the same uncoated rebar.

@SeanBZA

Жыл бұрын

Should have gone with hit dipped galvanised there, at least that will provide a protection to the steel, and then you can epoxy coat it for improved resistance.

@maxgood42

Жыл бұрын

And this is torque to yield , before the building moves some more, ...now add rust ...is this a joke or something ?? ( insert face palm here )

@specialservicesequipment393

Жыл бұрын

@SeanBZA actually most states have banned epoxy coated rebar it would still rust faster. You can though run active cathodic protection on it

@bernhardjordan9200

Жыл бұрын

​@@maxgood42 rust in marine environment? That never happens

@maxgood42

Жыл бұрын

@@bernhardjordan9200 🤣

Fascinating! Seems like they were so happy to put this vault in place and realized later, the bottom plate design was missed and just went with it anyways.

This sounds like something that would happen in an emerging nation.

@mikemccarthy1638

11 ай бұрын

We’ve met the chitt-whole country, and it’s us . . .😮

@designstudio8013

4 ай бұрын

This is a demerging nation.

As an engineer from a different discipline entirely, this is really interesting to watch. Thank you for making it so accessible!!

If I'm an owner of a condo at Millennium Tower watching this video I would be shaking with fear. What to do? Sell. Who would buy? Stay? Every time the building would make a strange noise I'd be grabbing my heart. Tough decision time!

@esoteridactyl

Жыл бұрын

They are suing already. Look up Joe Montana's lawsuit

@HarryBalzak

Жыл бұрын

@@samuelsmash Uhhhh, I am not sure we watched the same video...

@seanb.6793

Жыл бұрын

Sell to old people who would like to be on international news when they die? Definitely going out with a bang if this fails! 😂

@donaldbiden1920

Жыл бұрын

Maybe watch another video with a random person saying the opposite, if you are gonna rely on random youtube videos to make real estate purchasing decisions you might as well find one that isn't as pointlessly scary

@marcburns508

Жыл бұрын

Sell. Its not worth your life. You wanna be a live test dummy if ut does collapse? I use to build stuff like this. I dont trust none of these people.

I think its also worth noting that this plan now creates a sudden cascading failure event even more likely. If they do jack the pilings up to 1m+ pounds of pressure and it doesn't fail immediately.. and then further settling happens, and then it fails, there will be no warning.

@GH-oi2jf

Жыл бұрын

The jacks have been set to one million lbs on all 18 new piles. Further settlement should cause tilting in the opposite direction. That will reduce the load on the jacks slightly as the center of mass moves away from them.

A million billion trillion! Am I the only one with the popcorn, waiting for this building to do a real life disaster movie?

As an electrician, one of the principals of making connections is accessibility for inspection and maintenance. The idea of placing both the "fuse," AND the connections to the "fuse," within concrete, and beyond any access, defies all common sense. Yet these folks have taken it one step farther, and placed the "fuse" within concrete that is also an important load bearing member of the structure.

@andycrawford8671

Жыл бұрын

I agree. All of the threaded rod "fuse" should have been placed above the concrete.

@terry94131

Жыл бұрын

We saw how well concrete encased steel worked in the Morandi Bridge.

@ashedold11

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, except when you don't attach the threaded rods to the concrete then it doesn't work at all. It has to be placed in the concrete.

@henryD9363

Жыл бұрын

The choice of the word fuse is scary. The way a fuse works is that it FAILS when there's an overload. Is he telling us that this scheme will fail when there's an overload, such as an earthquake?

@DavidFRhodes

Жыл бұрын

@@henryD9363 right. and then what? do you demo all the vaults and start over?

They need to tie ratchet straps from millennium tower to the neighboring tower and crank em tight. Then use expanding foam under low side. It's literally the only way to fix this reliably

@edmessina8392

Жыл бұрын

Silly........everyone knows that UFFI would require a suitable stack of wood shim reinforcement.

@billsmith1359

Жыл бұрын

Just call slabjack . I would advise leaving the ratchet strap

@PollyHistor

Жыл бұрын

😂😂😂

@HughieMunro

Жыл бұрын

I was thinking at least a couple of 4x4’s and some instant postcrete

@PollyHistor

Жыл бұрын

Dude. Y'all are totally highballing this budget. I could just break down some reclaimed wood pallets, use wood glue as reinforcement to slab them together, and use that as a graduating shim. Save the budget for beers after a job well done! 🍺😎

Hire the OceanGate engineers to fix it. They're available now.

It's the missing calculation that matters. Can those rods pull out of the plate via a shear failure of the plate? It's the failure mode that you don't consider that will come back to haunt you.

I've been slowly completing my civil engineering degree as an older student and videos like this really help me appreciate and put into context the importance of understanding not just what the problem/solution is but why a solution will or won't work and how that plays out in the real world. Thanks.

To find errors in existing documentation is one thing. To find what is missing is next level. Its possible they did calculate it but didn't put it in the report. Still impressive find either way.

@jonmobrien

Жыл бұрын

This. To find what is missing. Like the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse and its obvious but unchecked design flaws. But the Hyatt disaster contributed many lessons and reforms to engineering ethics and safety, and to emergency management. So it seems ludicrous that they have not calculated the sheering load on the bolts, thread, plate when this type of failure is so well known now.

@NoName-zn1sb

Жыл бұрын

@@jonmobrien shearing load

I immediately identified the embed plates as an issue. Well done me. My boss prepared a design like this for St. Stephen Church in Norwich. Structure was moving significantly, probably over 500 years on old and constructed front flint and lime mortar. He did a good job

I am a retired civil engineer and my mouth dropped when you showed a 1/2” plate used to transfer load from a 2 3/4” bolt. That is almost certain to be failure point.

@GH-oi2jf

Жыл бұрын

The plates are 1 and 1/2 inches thick.

30:00 really sums up the video. The fact that the team (the firm, maybe not the exact people) who got it wrong in the first place.. have been entirely left to their own devices to re-do the whole fix and then be BLINDLY trusted that "Yep, this time they will get it right, for sure!". Blows my mind! Well explained as always and I hope this video, as you say, reaches the right levels somewhere to get those calculations done independently!

@ricardokowalski1579

Жыл бұрын

" trust the experts" ™ There is *A LOT* of that going around for the last few years...😆

@qwerty112311

Жыл бұрын

I should not be left to my own devices They come with prices and vices I end up in crisis. -Taylor Swift, 2022 (Anti Hero) Also, should be these engineers

@Garth2011

Жыл бұрын

It's all about favortism and politics

@ricardokowalski1579

Жыл бұрын

@@qwerty112311 I would swallow my pride, I would choke on the rines But the lack there of would leave me empty inside. Eve6 - Heart in a blender It's like Nietzche said...some people lose their last ounce of value when they cast away the bonds that kept them in check. If someone has no values, no moral compass, no restrain at all *within themselves* ... then they can only design, build and do harmful things. Respectfully 👍✌️🎩

@loneskumdove

Жыл бұрын

Hey - no fair. What about third time lucky?

Yeah a little alarmed at that. We use 1 1/2" plate at my work but we put no where near those level of loads on it. This really feels like a part that should have been wildly over engineered and instead we seem to have something that is maybe just barely good enough at best to do the job. I would suggest contacting the local news outlets in SF. Unless someone happens to have an in with the building department the only way to get this reviewed is to publicly humiliate them.

0:20 Ronald Hamburger weighs in.

Millennium Tower: "Titan on Land"

Man I love this story! Thanks for all the effort and analysis on the millennium tower!

@BuildingIntegrity

Жыл бұрын

My pleasure!

@blipco5

Жыл бұрын

You wouldn’t love this story if you lived there.