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The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
The Railway was built in 1879 to reduce the haulage charges in the Darjeeling Hills due to commercial viability of Tea Export. Initially known as Darjeeling Steam Tramway Co. it was renamed as Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Co. on September 15, 1881. The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway was run by Gillanders Artbuthnot & Co. based in Calcutta till October 20, 1948.
The tracks mostly run along the NH-55 (Hill Cart Road) on hilly terrain.
The alignment has 874 Curves (maximum curvature of 115° being at Km. 14/14-15/0). In fact, almost 74% of the line is on curves. Maximum Gradient of 1 in 18.6 is achieved in between. Km.28/2-12. The track is laid on 50lbs Rail on PSC/ST/Wooden Sleeper. Maximum permissible Speed
between New Jalpaiguri & Sukna is 20 Kmph and between Sukna & Darjeeling is 15 Kmph.
The Z-Reverses
The Train Climbs up a slope to a shunting neck and stops; and then reverses on a steeply inclined plane till reaching another shunting neck higher up the mountain, from where it resumes its forward motion but at a higher elevation. There are six Z Reverses.
The Spirals (loops)
In this technique, the trains climbs up the hills in spiral fashion. There are three spirals on the section, the most famous being the Batasia loop between Darjeeling & Ghum.
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