I seem to have made _educational_ choices in this video that some viewers feel are mistakes. They are not mistakes, but I’d like to take a moment to clarify so you can understand why I made them. 1. I know the potential across the surface of a perfect conductor should be zero, so the electric field should be perpendicular… but there’s no such thing as a perfect conductor. Materials fall on a spectrum, which is something I’ve been saying since this video: kzread.info/dash/bejne/g3-sx9JxYsKfkps.html 2. I’m aware that the directions of my vectors are not _perfect._ As I said in point #1, materials fall on a spectrum. The direction of the electric field and, therefore, the direction of the Poynting vector depends on how conductive the material is. While that detail is true, it isn’t actually _important_ to understand what’s happening with the energy in the circuit. For clarity, I chose to omit some components of the vector because they distract from the main take-away of this video: *The energy flows through the fields, not the wires.* I stand by this decision. 3. At 5:15, I say “we’ve got a strong electric field inside” the wire “and a little electric field outside.” Strong and little are a very relative words. Broadly speaking, _all_ the fields we’re dealing with in this video are _weak._ However, in the context of the circuit, what matters is how those fields compare _only to each other._ The electric field inside the wire might be weak, but it’s stronger than the electric field outside. Maybe I should have said “stronger” instead “strong,” but I don’t really think that’s worth getting upset about. 4. Speaking of field strengths, yes, I’m aware the field is _strongest_ at the surface of the wire. Is the surface of the wire not part of the wire? I’m not sure how this negates anything I said in this video. In fact, that statement is completely consistent with my electric current animations in the video I linked to in point #1.

@hippzhipos2385

5 жыл бұрын

WOW ! The amount of effort you put into your videos is UNREAL

@Peltio

5 жыл бұрын

Think about it: if the field is (almost) perpendicular at the conductor's surface, and the tangential component is conserved at the discontinuity, how can it be stronger inside than it is outside? Just draw the components, and you'll see. You want to see it at the extreme? Consider a Van der Graaf machine: strong field you can literally feel, directed from positive pole to negative or ground pole. Put your conductor with a resistor nearby and make contact. The free charge in the conductor will redistribute itself so as to make the field inside zero (if the conductor is perfect, but let's say it will make that small value that is complying with ohm's law, so if you have a moderate resistor, for a moderate current, you will have a field in the order of some microvolt per meter). You can supply mechanical energy to the machine in order to create an equilibrium condition where the current is constant). Do you still believe that the field outside, the field generated by the Van der Graaf generator, is smaller then the one inside the conductor? No, it isn't. It's almost the same field. The conductor is obliterating it inside, leaving only that tiny fraction that will comply with ohm's law. The role of surface charge (on the lateral surface of the copper wires) is to do just that on the inside. On the outside said charge will alter the original field in such a way as to be nearly perpendicular nearby the surface. This is basically what happens in electrostatic when you place a piece of copper inside an electric field. Look how the copper distort the original field lines, for example when you place a copper sphere inside a uniform electric field. Things get different when, instead of a conductor, you consider a resistive material: the field in the circuit is basically concentrated at the resistor, due to the surface charge that accumulate at the discontinuity in sigma. So, stronger field inside the resistor, and the field lines bend. In 1962, Jefimenko showed this experimentally using high voltage sources and grass seeds. The dependance of charge density from the gradients in conductivity and permeability can be deduce from Maxwell's equations and the constitutive relation in copper and in the resistive material.

@mikey20is

5 жыл бұрын

thanks

@lutusp

5 жыл бұрын

> … but there’s no such thing as a perfect conductor. Except a superconductor. Just saying. This is clarification, not criticism.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

Paul Lutus, not even a superconductor is a perfect conductor. They're just as close as we can get to being a perfect conductor.

Ben Franklin said that Amber becomes negative when rubbed? Maybe she just wasn't into him.

@Not.Your.Business

4 жыл бұрын

underrated! here, have a like

@ronnierabell1

4 жыл бұрын

😂🤣😂🤣

@0doubledseven589

4 жыл бұрын

Maybe he rubbed Amber the wrong way. ; )

@subhrajitnandi5447

4 жыл бұрын

🤣😂🤣😂

@teddysurf

4 жыл бұрын

Wow that Amber Heard gets around...

I'm PhD student in physics and I already knew about Poynting vector and its applications on Maxwell's equations But I've never thought about energy flow on the circuit. That was truly mind-blowing.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

Yeah, the Poynting vector is a much bigger deal than E&M courses usually show.

@theunconventionaldeal3879

5 жыл бұрын

They slam it pretty heavy in RF engineering.... If the professor isn't a moron.

@topcivilian

5 жыл бұрын

yes, energy and magnetism in a 3D vector

@Goku17yen

4 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum dude for real, i literally never heard about the energy flow, but have on poynting vector, in fact theres only a few pages about it in my textbook, that's really awesome!!

@wxc0100101100

4 жыл бұрын

My original purpose for this first comment here was to reprimand mildly any physics or EE researcher/engineer who accepted this video's idea readily without doubt. I am sorry if my words then hurt anyone or cause confusion. I just hope people with related background could judge the video's conclusion by themselves. The very original trouble-making comment is put below:. ============================================= Hi, are you still sure about your words? It is meaningless to get a Physics PhD without figuring out this basic EM textbook question. Regards.

Someone who knows nothing about electricity: "electricity is literally magic" Someone who knows a little about electricity: "electricity isn't magic, it's science" Someone who knows this about electricity: "electricity is literally magic, and we know this because it's science"

@ministerofjoy

2 жыл бұрын

Thank you. Beautifuly put

@mikebaker2436

2 жыл бұрын

Exactly... this path is true of many many subjects.

@wbeaty

2 жыл бұрын

and RF design, microstrip and GHz waveguides inside your iPhone ...that's the Dark Arts.

@IWantYourNachos

2 жыл бұрын

I've been saying this for years, it really is the closest thing to magic!

@zeph0shade

2 жыл бұрын

Funny how the two concepts are often thought of as opposing each other, yet science is just the process of learning the rules of how things work. Even in a total magic fantasy land like Harry Potter there is "science" whenever someone studies "magic" and learns something new about how it works.

Veritasium brought me here... and at this video is where I was finally enlightened that flow of charges is NOT the same as flow of energy. Thank you, Nick, for this awesome educational video!

The hard part is accepting the fact that energy does NOT flow though the wire, but through the space AROUND the wire. This is another non-intuitive aspect of Physics.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

Yes, that's is the main take-away from this video :-)

@chalichaligha3234

5 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylumWait a second, surely if you had a VERY long cable that loops back on it's self to a light bulb next to the input switch, it would still take a while for the light bulb to turn on. Under the conventional hydraulic circuit analogy this is obvious, as the signal has a propagation speed along the pipe/wire, in this case near the speed of light. If the energy flows by fields then surely the distance between input and output is what determines the transmission lag, not the wire length? What am I missing?

@demoncore7275

5 жыл бұрын

@@chalichaligha3234 the field is what help accelerate the charges near the speed of light since theres no delay between fields at any given location ( nearly instantaneous.)

@demoncore7275

5 жыл бұрын

Not to forget about distribution as well

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

@@chalichaligha3234 If you had a wire so long that the speed of light would be noticeable (like, say, it goes to the Moon and back for some crazy reason), then you would notice a delay. Einstein's relativity requires this.

Came for a little light science. Left with entire view of the universe changed. Mind blown.

I worked for Atlantic City electric as a lineman, we were not taught this. We were told to think of it like a water hose. This is mind blowing for sure. Thank you for what you do

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

I'm sure the water hose analogy is plenty good enough to keep you safe as a lineman. There's usually no practical need to teach circuits this deeply.

@Dygear

9 ай бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum Would it only matter when you have two circuits next to each other ... such inside of a CPU when the power flow from one is happening a few nm away from another.

I am really glad I just randomly found your channel. I am a second year electrical engineering student and lots of your videos are giving me a more intuitive feel for things instead of just crunching numbers according to formulas. Great job.

@ScienceAsylum

Жыл бұрын

Thanks!

@achaab979

2 ай бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum bro make video about surface charge and inner electric field that pushing current and include also how it aplies to tranzistors ect XDDD

I did a PhD in string theory/quantum gravity and teach physics for 3 years now. Only this week I learned how energy is transferred exactly in a curcuit. These videos are amazing. Many thanks.

@pauldilley8974

2 жыл бұрын

Question for you: My naive understanding is that fields are mediated by "force carriers". Does this therefore mean that photons are being somehow exchanged between the source and the wires + bulb?

@haushofer100

2 жыл бұрын

@@pauldilley8974 No. We use these force carriers as "virtual particles" in interactions. But "virtual particles" are bookkeeping devices, which mathematically look like particles, which enable us to do the calculations. I'd call these interactions "quantum fluctuations". We can't solve for these interactions analytically, so we have to use approximations. Virtual particles are part of these approximation schemes.

@kourosh234

2 жыл бұрын

You are kidding?!!! Wow. Go for it man. Please research more. Universal free energy is the reward.

@backpain100

2 жыл бұрын

@@kourosh234 Well, as physicists say, there are no free lunch. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, you can only convert from one form to another. But you can get close to "free" energy by using something like fusion energy, or even better, "dark energy"...and other forms of energy that we don't even know of yet. If we can get there, we can become an interstellar specie, and who know how far we can go.

@frizzarazz

2 жыл бұрын

@@haushofer100 Do you mean that photons are always virtual? Or are they virtual in this case? And if the latter, why is that so as opposed to, for example, the photon between a light source and my eye or any other electron-electron interaction.

Years of studying electrical engineering, and I figure out what I'm actually learning in college from a youtube recommendation. Mind = blown

@Wtfinc

3 жыл бұрын

I’m so mind blown idk what I just learned. Imma have to rewatch and do some experiments to understand better.

@scoutjonas

3 жыл бұрын

I dont know of any experiments that tests this. I think its more of a theoretical explanation. To learn more, I would try to compare these energy field with normal radio fields from radio energy transmitters. Radio waves are electrical circuits without wires. Antennas are somewhere in between, one conductor.

@squarehead44

3 жыл бұрын

I feel bad that you wasted your life.

@Wtfinc

3 жыл бұрын

@@squarehead44 money, not life. What do you do with your life that's so worth living? Obviously If you get to where you've been going and you turn out not to like it then yeah, you may have wasted your life. Me? I love academia. not necessarily college, tests, and diplomas, those can all take a hike up my grammas rectum. I like to learn and better myself. Even when things fail I try and not let it be wastfull and use the falure. I'm electrical and mechanical engineer/tech(wish there were a better word) I'mma start generalizing and just say scientist because I can. I didn't go to colledge but thats what I am and thats how I make my money. But you gotta be able to prove to people u got the stuff and if you don't plan on working for yourself all your life, ya gotta pay for that accreditation. IDK, I think school is wack too and needs a serious redesign all thru, even school for kids is too much in some areas and not enough or non existant in really important life skills. i cant keep typing. my question was, what you be doing thats not a waste of time?

@squareh3ad44

2 жыл бұрын

@@Wtfinc my comment wasn’t directed at you, but you do seem like a real peach. 🤪🙄

This is quickly becoming one of my favorite science channels on KZread!

@NICKtheGreenGREEK

2 жыл бұрын

As for me, it's already ny favorite! I cannot not watch a video of this channel every single day.

This video made me realize that after years working with electric circuits i never really understood how energy flows on the circuit. The fact that energy comes not through the wire is kinda mind-blowing.

@ScienceAsylum

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, it was mind blowing for me too. I think they just don't teach this in electronics because it doesn't really affect circuit design.

@johnharriott7878

Жыл бұрын

I too learnt circuit theory decades ago and this reality was not covered. It blows your mind when thinking about complex circuits eg computer chips

"I love puns" Me too, but I have this friend who is too serious. I told him 10 puns hoping at least one would make him laugh. Unfortunately, no pun in ten did.

@ScienceAsylum

4 жыл бұрын

...that took me a second. Well done 😂

@washizukanorico

4 жыл бұрын

I don’t think most people got it, because it deserve way more likes than that. From now on, let everyone who gets it like this comment.

@shantanuborgohain8331

3 жыл бұрын

What does it mean? Please enlighten me.

@kreynolds1123

3 жыл бұрын

@@shantanuborgohain8331 When making a pun, one might call attention to it by saying "pun intended", or if it was uninentional, one might still call attention to it by saying "no pun intend". I told a joke about telling a fictitious friend that was just too serious to enjoy the double meanings found in ten different puns that I told him, so it was then that no, not even one pun in ten made him laugh. Adding irony to the homophonic pun in the joke, my pun was intended even as I said "no pun in ten did", the homophonic pun of "no pun intended".

@kreynolds1123

3 жыл бұрын

@@shantanuborgohain8331 more puns on puns: A good pun is its own reword. Reward, a positive reinforcement vs Reword, to change meaning. I will refrain from making food puns because they can get a bit cheesy. Cheesy jokes are cheap, or unpleasant, unsubtle, and sometimes inauthentic. Cheesy foods are just filled with cheese.

Watt is love? Baby don't Hertz me, don't Hertz me, no more.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

Ha!

@icanseeyou2004

5 жыл бұрын

go dc my friend no hertz at all.

@markgigiel2722

5 жыл бұрын

OMG. Too funny.

@ewthmatth

5 жыл бұрын

Weird commas but okay ;)

@kangarune

5 жыл бұрын

Matthew H fixed it. Thanks

Cannot say that I have completely comprehended all this by now, but I'm getting closer. Your vids are a great way to get a general direction what to research next and the way you communicate it is quite entertaining.

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

Glad I could send you on the proper research path 👍

I am an electric engineer, and feel like I need to watch this video at least 15 more times... working on it!

As a physicist, I approve this message. Best explanation I have seen so on the internet so far.

@morganmitchell4017

5 жыл бұрын

Your name reminds me of my electromagnetism lecturer! He always makes the stupid joke that the unit of capacitance is named after 'bicycle' in German.

@derradfahrer5029

5 жыл бұрын

@@morganmitchell4017 Well, thanks - I guess. [know-it-all mode on] But your lecturer is not quite correct. The unit of capacitance is the 'Farad' based on the last name of Michael Faraday, as you know. "Bicycle" in German is "Fahrrad" with one "h" and two "r". It's a composit word comprised of "Fahr" from the verb "fahren" (closest translation is "to drive", but in this case it's "to ride") and the noun "Rad" (meaing "wheel"). While it's made up of two words is has a distinct meaning in every day use (like the english word "bicycle" = "bi" and "cycle" = two cycles/wheels).[know-it-all mode off] And now you know why that joke IS stupid.

@morganmitchell4017

5 жыл бұрын

@@derradfahrer5029 Thanks for the explanation. It's strange that the unit is just Farad, and not Faraday. After all, the unit of current is the Ampere, even though it's commonly shortened to Amp. I guess three syllables are just too many.

@mrsurname9217

5 жыл бұрын

@@morganmitchell4017 Alessandro Volta should also be complaining then.

@DreadX10

4 жыл бұрын

@@morganmitchell4017 That would also be the reason there are not a lot of Indian scientists who have their name attached to a physics phenomenon.

1:12 "we have to live with it now." So, we should just go with the _flow?_

@maximkhan-magomedov431

5 жыл бұрын

Don't forget Watt's the unit of power.

@ErikU19

5 жыл бұрын

It is better not to resist..

@ShanePKing

5 жыл бұрын

@@ErikU19 The current capacity for people to potentially resist powerful puns induces much silliness. Sorry, I couldn't resist either.

@jasonremy1627

5 жыл бұрын

@@maximkhan-magomedov431 who's on first...

@fullwaverecked

5 жыл бұрын

Master Therion first you blow, then you flow.

Came here after veritasium’s video. Ur explanation answered some questions that I got from watching veritasiums video 💪🏽

I think this is the second video of yours i've seen larger science channels release. You're ahead of the curve! Subscribed.

5:57, my mind stopped working after this. How was I never taught about this? Where did you learn about this? How can this channel not have a million subscribers? Hotel? Trivago.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

I feel the same way. WHY IS THIS NOT TAUGHT IN ELECTRODYNAMICS CLASS!?!

@yatint9665

5 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum how did you find out about this?

@batfan1939

5 жыл бұрын

@@yatint9665 He'd tell you, but then he'd have to kill you. Indirectly.

@lucidmoses

5 жыл бұрын

@@batfan1939 apparently with magnetic fields. :p

@kartikchoubisa

5 жыл бұрын

@@yatint9665 the sources are in the description

My mind is officially blown! I got my PhD in physics 10 years ago, and I do science for a living. I’ve never thought much about E&M though. I just took the one required class and I specialized in a field of physics that doesn’t deal with electromagnetism. This was an amazing video! Well done!

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

Thanks! Yeah, Poytning doesn't get much attention for some reason. Maybe it's because, while the Poynting vector can give us a deeper understanding in some situations, you don't need it for _practical_ work very often 🤷‍♂️

@DePistolero

2 жыл бұрын

I used to take haircuts as mr. kick ass and chew bubble gum... he was my damn Idol back in the day :)

@dukenukem9770

2 жыл бұрын

@@DePistolero Rowdy Roddy Piper?

@DePistolero

2 жыл бұрын

@@dukenukem9770 Oh, boy, this was so informative now, I learned about electricity and that Duke Nukem actually used movie lines :) Thanks. Didn't know that. No not Rowdy, I used to take haircut as Duke Nukem, and he was my idol :D

@dukenukem9770

2 жыл бұрын

@@DePistolero LMAO Gotcha! 🤣

Two years before Veritasium

I saw veritasiums video, but the last thing you said about power coming from the ac generator and needing the battery to access the power made so much more sense, thank you!

THIS is the way physics should be taught. Why do people have to make it so dull? Teaching always stops with the equations, and then they ask us to solve problems with the equations. Students should be taught how all this corresponds to reality. Great job on the video Nick, lot of effort put in to blow our minds. 😵

@dougiev9287

4 жыл бұрын

But in a physics class you actually do physics; doing the equations is what "doing" physics is. Same as, say, phys ed. You have to actually DO the activity in gym you can't just watch an NBA game and say, see, now that there is how a layup works.

@aquastudio2001

4 жыл бұрын

I am doing physics too now as well and I get what you mean, but learning the equations and all that in classes are STEPS towards working out physics problems in reality. These videos just give a little more of a bigger image comparing to what we are taught. Before I thought that the way teachers have taught in schools was wrong because of how these videos may interpret things better than in school, but teachers in school can't just go that deep and just skip the basics required to know. That's like trying to build a 30 storey tall building and just skipping floors 3 and 4, not the greatest building you will have ever constructed. So same idea here as well with the teaching. So school is where we learn the basics pretty much but if you want to take it up a notch, watch these videos instead to get a bigger and deeper understanding. Also, don't think you will never get to this stage of deep understanding, wait till university.

@tarangpatil6952

4 жыл бұрын

@@dougiev9287 Equation is not all that there is to physics. In fact theory and practicals are what matters in phsyics. Equations are just numerical representations of theory, just a little more rigorous. Equations can be solved just by using calc but theory require a brain and imagination

@jorge62142

4 жыл бұрын

Most people alive today wont even pay enought attention to get the dull parts... even most of the kids wont ever.

@jorge62142

4 жыл бұрын

​@@aquastudio2001 Man just listen to your self: We have to teach boring things because intresting things are ungraspable and impossible to build upon.

This changed everything about my understanding of electrodynamics since I first learned about it in the 70s! Thank you for producing such a brilliant video.

@iisky1

5 жыл бұрын

brilliant.org

@duckymomo7935

5 жыл бұрын

There have been new electric discoveries since then

Oh god how did i miss this channel..why didn't KZread recommend me this...such a brilliant and easily to understand explanation.

Who is here After Veritasium......

@JayTVIndia

2 ай бұрын

I was here before Veritasium...., I even subscribed him long after Science Asylum .....,

@ADEpoch

2 ай бұрын

Yep, but not intentionally. I now know that I know nothing. 😳

@ARUNKUMARM-cj8vu

Ай бұрын

I was born here and raised by veritasium😊

That was fantastic. And yes, my head exploded. I'm going to have to watch that 50 more times ... 20 of them just for the sheer Joy of it, 23 of them to understand it, and 7 because I like round numbers. Totally unimportant.

@carlosprieto2231

5 жыл бұрын

I’ve always wondered why people like round numbers. Not me.

@xyz.ijk.

5 жыл бұрын

@@carlosprieto2231 It was a joke ... I was poking fun at myself ... it was an excuse to talk about having to watch it "50" times ... there was no logic to 20 for joy or 23 to understand ... but if you prefer, 7 and 23 are prime, clearly not rounded ... and 20 was not rounded, it was 2x2x5 (more primes). Better? :-)

I was curious after watching Veritasium's video about this. TWICE. But now I understand it after I watched your video. Thanks! And yeah, my jaw also dropped in awe :O Now I'm off to Space Time's new video about black holes! EDIT: on a side note, now I need a more precise quantum explanation of all of this xD EDIT2: quite a discussion we have here :)

@ophidahlia1464

2 жыл бұрын

Same! Honestly, I feel this video did a better job at making this subject clearer than Derek's did. To be fair, it's a REALLY counter-intuitive thing and super hard to explain; I definitely still don't totally understand it. Some additional concrete examples and more detailed breakdown would help. So, is it right to say that the EM field causes charge/electrons to move and that is what *powers* the bulb, ie the electrons are getting shoved around by the field created by the charge?

@neilpayne8244

2 жыл бұрын

@@ophidahlia1464 I agree i watched this vid when it released and it blew my mind, i found dereks explaination a little harder to follow

@NimbleBard48

2 жыл бұрын

@@ophidahlia1464 2:02 Nick said shat even though the electrons carry energy, it's not that specific energy that actually powers the bulb in this example. So it's not the moving electrons that light the bulb. Now I am lost because I want to know how exactly a simple light bulb get's lit up. I understood it before this and Derek's video and now I don't :D

@processseer6693

2 жыл бұрын

Same. This one made it clear to me. Veritasium video seems to imply the power travels through space and time from the power source to the light bulb which made no sense. It makes much more sense that the fields inside and along the circuit „excite“ the power field and draw power from it while the power source does the opposite.

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

@@NimbleBard48 A bulb with current running through it has energy flowing into it from the field. That energy is converted into heat. Hot things emit light, but usually mostly invisible wavelengths of light (like infrared). _Really_ hot things emit visible light.

As a retired EE, knew about both "Emag" and circuits but sort of compartmentalized them and didn't fully appreciate them together to fully grasp the energy flow aspect with in circuits. Great video-- thanks!

Now THIS makes electricity more interesting, I might start studying this topic on the side, even though I am already studying another field. Great video!

I thought I had a good knowledge of electricity, but yet again you have blown my mind. Never stop making these quality videos, you have a talent for teaching.

Legitimately mind blowing. It’s frustrating how they don’t teach these things properly in schools and even undergrad uni

@Lozzie74

2 жыл бұрын

The general public seem to struggle with Ohm’s law, hence they think a car battery can electrocute them if the cold cranking amp rating is high enough (yet it’s still a measly 12V). Given they don’t understand Ohm’s law, how would they understand this video?

@MrHBSoftware

2 жыл бұрын

@@Lozzie74 dont talk like you are some kind of master and all the "general public" are ignorant dumbasses...people like you have a name in my country..... yes there are people uneducated or ignorant about electricity but what do you know about cooking? knitting? hunting or fishing? plumbing? woodwork? civil engineering? bricklaying? got my point? having a degree only states you had time and money to spend and went through the process..there are many people without academic degree that can learn about any subject very fast if they are motivated and interested...and being humble is something you should never stop being no matter the degree of "academic education" you may have.

@javierturcios1089

2 жыл бұрын

The mathematical expression includes the cross product between vector fields, if you don't have enough knowledge about linear algebra and calculus it doesn't make sense to teach it this way because you won't properly understand it anyways. You could make the same argument about pretty much all classical physics and the answer is still the same, advanced unintuitive things aren't great introductions to complex topics when they can be explained in an easier (albeit not entirely correct) way.

@ats-3693

2 жыл бұрын

I dunno man this was exactly what I was taught when I did my undergrad physics degree years ago

@RafaGmod

2 жыл бұрын

practical electric analysis are weeell covered with classic current theory. You only need this when it comes to transmition lines. Transmition line theory starts when the distance from the source to the load gets near the wave lenght of the signal. When it happens? Long energy transmition lines, high frequency, antennas. But it's specific electrical engeenering topic :)

About the poynting vector, you can use a wave intuition. The molecules in seawater move up and down, yet the wave moves laterally. If you cause a wave in a chain with the opposite end being fixed, the links move vertically yet the (energy) wave moves horizontally

@maciejfratczak4136

Жыл бұрын

you mean that the electrons have a much higher speed not in current flow direction?

Much better than the veritasium video, which was clearly largely based on yours. Well done.

Best one yet. I have a degree in Electronic Engineering and I've never had a satisfactory explanation for this despite asking your very question about AC in college. A little moment of dizziness as my paradigm shifts and welcome to that joy when suddenly the pieces fit together a lot better. Thanks.

I've been waiting for this definition for 42 years. One would be amazed that no one else could describe it without invoking magic.

@WrynnCZ

3 жыл бұрын

@BernardosBros I feel lucky that it was only 20 years for me. :D

@MadScientist267

2 жыл бұрын

It isn't that hard lol And doesn't require all this explanation.

@A.R.77

2 жыл бұрын

@@MadScientist267 ~ We'll be the judge of that. ;)

@MadScientist267

2 жыл бұрын

@@A.R.77 LOL My work here is done

This is actually a much clearer explanation than Veritasium's recent video. Nicely done!

KZread algorithm brought me here after the Veritasium video that exploded recently and I'm appreciating your content very much! Also kudos for still replying to comments and explaining after almost 3 years of uploading this video!

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

Comments are a big deal 👍

I've done my bachelor degree in Physics and Master's in Instrumentation still this visualisation really blew my mind. At the end you've shown that your head exploded and so do mine 🤣😂🤣😂

@bumblebob5979

3 жыл бұрын

I felt the exact same thing and my monkey brain made me blast into spontanious uncontrolled laughter when he fried his own brain! Very funny! Magnificent video! :D

Okay, you win, this blew my mind. I have the most stupid grin on my face right now.

@GetUrOwnHandle

5 жыл бұрын

MrTej780 is this so mind blowing tho? I mean, it makes sense.. since we now have qi wireless chargers topping up our phones & smartwatches.. we *already* know the magnetic field has a huge part to play in transferring energy from source to device. am I missing something ?

@thromboid

5 жыл бұрын

I had the same reaction. The joy of enlightenment... :)

@MrTej780

5 жыл бұрын

@@GetUrOwnHandle It's certainly obvious that both electric and magnetic fields play a role in energy transfer, as in the case of wireless chargers. But I think it's fair to say most people erroneously assume that the direction of energy flow is along the electric/magnetic fields, rather than orthogonal to it. Despite us being familiar with the transverse nature of light, intuition usually makes us imagine energy flowing along the wire, not into the wire.

@TatevossianA

5 жыл бұрын

MrTej780 - *Current* and *electricity* are really *_CRAZY_* .

@mrsurname9217

5 жыл бұрын

@@MrTej780 Energy flow isn't into the wire. That's the bit that is horribly (and embarrassingly) wrong in this video.

I first watched Veritasium's vid about this subject: I wasn't convinced. But this video provided the crucial missing clue... well done!

Glad to get more information about this! The Veritasium video didn't explain what happens over time especially in the remote parts of the circuit.

I've been a physicist for 50 years and every now and again I've puzzled about energy flow in circuits. Not until this video did I realise the answer lay with considering the poynting vector carefully.

This is the most insane thing I've learned from this channel (while wiping tears of laughter from my eyes), and I learn something almost every time I watch - even when I thought I knew the subject. Nick is the king of Hilarity Physics. I'm going to watch it several more times now so that I can have a less feeble grasp of the concept. To the Equation Lab!

@justaguy6216

5 жыл бұрын

I think he should be the next host of cosmos XD

After seeing Veritasium's video, i thought i had seen this on your channel before... and here it is!! Found your description much sharper and intuitive. Thanks for this great video, this is not an easy thing to grasp, great job!!

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

Thanks! 🤓

@jeanm3616

Жыл бұрын

Yes, me too!!

I found this 2 year old video better and more educational then the recent more flashy Veritasium video on the same subject. Good job!

After this video something clicked in my understanding of electricity, enen though I already knew this topic. Everything makes sense now! Amazing work! You're a hero

@GetUrOwnHandle

5 жыл бұрын

fritt wastaken right... I mean, it makes sense.. since we now have qi wireless chargers topping up our phones & smartwatches.. we *already* know the magnetic field has a huge part to play in transferring energy from source to device.

As an electrician, a good explanation of AC is definitely appreciated!

Thank you for this refreshing video! All these vector identities and I had never seen the big picture!

I sort of understood this concept, but you showing the clear difference between charge and energy was what made it click for me. I've been watching since 10k and your explanations keep getting better and better

The biggest mental barrier in electrodynamics has always been to me, that it is difficult to find an explanation of how it actually works and why, in the context of the bigger picture. This is the only explanation I have found, that actually does make sense, connects all the important dots and is still understandable. Great work!

A physics teacher told us,en passant, in a class almost 40 years ago, that the eletric energy travels not through the wire as we thought, but that was some hard topic. Now I (almost) understand it! Thank you.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

Glad I could help :-)

whoa. learned about this like 15 years ago. thanks for the update!

Mr Lucid, you are amazing. Following you for a while now and you are making sciene comprehensible for non amateurs like me. Thank you so much!!

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

You are very welcome 🤓

I just came from the Veratasium video about this. I think I'm maybe sort of starting to get it, but probably not. The fact that this is so different than how I've imagined it happening for so many years makes it hard for me to get a grasp on it. I think I'm going to spend the rest of my night on this.

@normalboy1677

2 жыл бұрын

It's not difficult our wrong leaning made this difficult (my opinion)

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

It takes a while to sink in. That's normal 👍

@arshia.sasson

2 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum As an electrical engineer, I feel there are some inaccuracies with both your and Derek's video. That being said, Mehdi has already announced he is making a rebuttal video, so I will leave it to him to make the counter-claims

@markhathaway9456

2 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum When the windows of perception are cleaned a bit and the Reality beyond is not what you had been told then it's time to take a road trip or listen to jazz music or both. A paradigm change can be very difficult, regardless of the field of study.

@4Jeffv

2 жыл бұрын

@@arshia.sasson who’s Mehdi? I did a quick search couldn’t come up with anything. I’d like another perspective.

man, your videos are always so simple but always go beyond what we learn in university, conceptually. I LOVE YOU

better explained than Veritasium and without the clickbaits, congrats on the great work!!

THIS is one of the best, if not the best science-related video I've ever watched! As a CS and Telecommunication student, I've never been taught such things, not to say in such an interesting and compelling way. Thanks, and I'll stay tuned for more content like this!

This is the coolest thing I’ve seen on KZread in months. Melted my mind in the best possible way! Subscribed!

Just learning about Poynting vectors in EM now and this absolutely blew my mind. Thank you for making this, it all makes so much sense to me now.

I watched this video back in 2019, but today, when I watched it again, it was just as amazing as it was 4 years back! You're a brilliant explainer!

@ScienceAsylum

Жыл бұрын

Thanks! It's the best I could do at the time. My animation skills have improved since then, which is why I recently made a follow-up video on capacitors: kzread.info/dash/bejne/rI2G2piTpcWZk6Q.html

@Dazza_Doo

11 ай бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum With the Veritasium video blowing up, I started searching for what he was talking about. In many ways that made natural sense to me, but those are feelings, not reason. I'm a hobbyist, I never finished high school, these Videos, Veritasium, The ScienceClic English channel, and Altium Live lectures with Rick Hartley and Eric Bogatin have really opened my understanding. I'm not going to understand a college text book, or an EE text book, I'm not School'd for it, may of us Normies really don't have the brain power for it. I now try and Educate people who are into Electronics, I want to move them from the Hydro-model to the Electrodynamic model. *My Goal is to teach people about the Electrodynamics* - as Rick Hartley said "What's the difference between Electricity and Visible Light? Answer make me think.. HUH? It's Frequency!" Great Scott I said to myself, it's makes sense, from DC to Audio to High Speed circuits, we then Create into Thin Air Radio Waves, Radio waves to Light.... of course!

Wow! dude, I just watched Veratasium video on this topic. Its amazing that you made about this almost years ago. So cool to know many things exist but we never know about them unless a mainstream guy tells about it. your channel is gem. and this video earned a subscriber.

Not sure if you read all comments or not, but thank you for producing such nice, short blips that explain scientific principles in such an entertaining method.

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

You're welcome :-) I do read all the comments. I just don't always respond.

Amazing, really well done. I am studying Electrical Engineering and in the Fall I finished Physics of Electricity and Magnetism and your videos have really helped me cement my education. Thank you again for making informative and easy to understand videos.

This DID indeed blow my mind... a few times. For my practical use, not that important. But for understanding the real world... very well done!

This video is extremely interesting, especially after watching Veritasium's "The Big Misconception About Electricity" video. Would be fun to see a collab between you two at some point.

Some critical ideas there that I've never seen in any advanced text book: The fields are attached to space, they are not emitted by the charges and are still there in the absence of charges but are zero. Great animations to show it. Although not the subject of the video it explains why the speed of light is the same for everyone whatever their speed because empty space is the same for everyone whatever their speed.

@EvilSapphireR

4 жыл бұрын

You went ahead and blew the rest of whatever was left of my mind after this video. I think I finally have an understanding how light travels even in an empty space. Reading about quantas never cleared that up as that was a mere semantic to avoid the REAL concept, and now this makes it abundantly clear that light, as well as any EM wave is just a property of space, interwoven in the very nature of the universe just how charges and magnetic fields are. This is beautiful!

@EvilSapphireR

4 жыл бұрын

But wait, can dormant (or zero as this video calls it) electric field and magnetic field exist in absolutely empty space without the presence of any fundamental particles?

@frankyjayhay

4 жыл бұрын

@@EvilSapphireRThe video suggests they can and it challenges the idea that a charged particle 'produces' a field, it seems that it modifies a field that's already there just as a stone thrown into a still pond modifies the surface of the water that's already there. A still pond can exist without the presence of stones! For your first point, empty space has a property that determines the speed of light: permittivity and permeability. It's like a grin without a cat - a property without a substance. Space has to be a complete void, anything else at all and the speed of light would be relative to it, which goes against theory and experiment. I'd say the motion of an EM wave depends on a property of space rather than say that the existence of an EM wave is a property of space. It's conceivable that space could've been 'created' without an EM field in it so there'd be no EM waves. I still don't think anyone really understands how the speed of light is relative to total nothingness and not to the source or observer. As you say we tend to get distracted by snazzy equations, we should first think in plain English what the equations are actually based on and this video is the first I've seen that illustrates the important fundamentals. I've only consolidated the mystery, I haven't really answered anything. Mind blowing indeed!

@Aim54Delta

4 жыл бұрын

Yet this very concept contradicts both Special and General Relativity. A fun thought experiment - shine a laser onto a mirror traveling at 0.95c If time dilation is real, then what light frequency is reflected? Of course, there is a frequency shift - and this contradicts relativity as time dilation performs lotentz transformations on everything to normalize light frequencies. Of course, the energy in a photon is proportional, by square, to its frequency. Doppler shift is an exchange of energy as it pertains to an axis - the field opposite of motion is robbed of energy to supply the energy for the spectrum shift. In a wonky way of explaining it. However, when there is not an opposite vector... Where does the energy come from? The motion of the surface through the field. At our velocities, the change in frequency is not noteworthy and the energy lost is negligible... But turn up the speed, and things start getting weird. If you are going near the speed of light, then the IR of your body hear is blue shifted to near gamma radiation levels for every quanta exchanged. The red-shifted photons going the other direction can't counterbalance this even remotely, and the net effect is hitting a wall as the energy of the gamma ray burst you've become is sucked from your velocity. However, if I were to lock you inside a box, this effect is completely nullified on you, and is displaced to the box. If a box was able to act as a maxwell's demon and convert perfectly all energy radiated onto it into some other form of energy, it could theoretically move at the speed of light... Though there is an upper practical bound as things approaching the speed of light begin to interact with that field - specifically virtual particles in the ground state which lead to the formation of exotic particles or, if you actually got close enough to the speed of light, the formation of WIMPs - or "planck matter" as I like to call it, as it's a more proper classification of what makes up "black holes" - but I'm getting off into stuff that people aren't familiar with. On the subject of fields and energy - an interesting scifi series took an unexpected route. Scientists were working on making a time machine. In the midst of it, they realized they would never be able to complete it and needed to develop a new category of human being in order to succeed. Thus, they created a series of clones which could share their intelligence and knowledge in a sort of collaborative consciousness. Each one knew what the others did and could operate on it intuitively. Dominant personalities did develop - a sort of "overmind" within the hive. I thought it was an interesting development: "What is the status of the time machine development?" "The clones are growing quite well." "That's good to ... Wait-clones!?" "Yes, hivemind superintelligence clones." "You were supposed to build a time machine - who the hell approved these purchase orders!?" "We have deemed this the only way." Clones: proceed to not develop time machine because the fanservice character already has one and is god; take over humanity instead. Funny how closely fiction resembles reality, sometimes.

@hawkwind769

4 жыл бұрын

@@EvilSapphireR it's the canvas, so to speak? Trying to understand...

Why didn’t we learn this in electrical engineering school? This is really mind boggling. Cool way you illustrate the energy flow. And great explanation. It’s so awesome to learn new things and find out that we only just scratched the surface of how the physical world really works.

Yes, I'm as "Mind Blown" as you. Thank you for taking the time to put together this video and for doing such a good job of explaining something that is SO counterintuitive. I've taught for years that the flow of electricity is analogous to the flow of water in a hose. Now I need to change my PPT slides.

I’ve been looking for exactly this information / explanation. I might have to watch it five times but I’ll take it in eventually 😅

I’ve come back to this video many times to get my mind blown. Today, I thought I’d tell you that.

Thanks for the education Always love learning how things work

This video explains concept better than any other video on the internet.

Superb , came here from Veritasium video. You have already make it 2 years ago and I am blowing my mind right now. Now watch your videos regularly 🤠

@fillemptytummy

2 жыл бұрын

Same , Saw Energy doesn't FLOW the way you THINK in the Veritasium comments and noticed I had already watched this. I'm going to watch it again in a few days after my mind settles. 😵‍💫 This is why it's the science "Asylum".

This was fantastic. I am an A&P mechanic and electric energy flow was never described like this. I had to watch it 2 times but now am amazed. Very, very cool. Thank you for sharing.

Positive current flow is a very useful concept for circuit analysis. Following current around a simple circuit makes more sense. For example a battery in series with a load - the battery going from negative to positive shows a voltage increase - continuing around the circuit we arrive at the load which goes from positive to negative - a voltage drop. It was likely for this reason that engineers stuck with hole flow. By the way, in ionic solutions, one of the charge carriers can be a positive ion. Nice video.

I watched so many of your videos in the last week or so because of recently discovering you. I was bleeding a bicycle brake earlier when it just occurred to me that the way you describe electrical charges in relation to the movement of electrons is very similar to the way brake fluid works. When you pull the brake lever, the brake fluid only moves a millimeter or two in the hose, but all of the brake fluid in the entire hose and the fluid in the caliper is forced to move in response to you pulling the brake lever. The fluid you're pushing on with the piston in the master cylinder doesn't have to touch the brake pads, because it is pushing on the fluid next to it, which is pushing on the fluid next to that, which is switching on the fluid next to that, all the way to the fluid that's right on the backside of the caliper piston.

Nick, what you do is art! I got used to you blowing my mind, but this video man...

This is the Asylum video that I have watched multiple times. It has deeply changed my understanding of Space and the properties of Space. Thankyou for making it.

This is so on point. At least the description is not as exaggerated as Veritasium's. You gained a subscriber.

I appreciate how you carefully examine every idea, even the ones that others might say seem obvious or simple. It’s the mark of intelligence and creativity to do that. For years I myself have not found explanations about current, circuits etc to be completely clear and I think your video did a great job of showing how counterintuitive and complex circuits really are - I’m like, no wonder I never quite thought I understood it - I was right, I didn’t!

Oh no here we go again, a crazy new way at profoundly understanding how things work, awesome video...

@altuber99_athlete

5 жыл бұрын

@Marcus Middleton I just commented basically the same as you. I'm an EE student and I feel ashamed of me for not actually understanding the real way a circuit works.

@CrazyBear65

5 жыл бұрын

"Crazy" is a relative and subjective term...

Hell to the yeah... I support this Channel, keep dropping the Knowledge!!!🖖🏾👍🏽

Very actual atm 😍Love your explanation (and very funny 🤣) Keep it up!

After watching the video of Veritasium, beeing left a bit confused about how exactly the wire would heat up / how resistance works in this context, this video explained everything flawlessly. Thank you. This should be 1# Recommendation after watching the Video of Veritasium. I will subscribe for more. Thank you.

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

Having multiple perspectives/explanations of a topic is important... especially one as weird as this 🤓

@hipser

2 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum In what form is the energy being sucked into the circuit from outside?

@ScienceAsylum

2 жыл бұрын

@@hipser Electromagnetic.

@hipser

2 жыл бұрын

@@ScienceAsylum in retrospect that seems obvious :P Thank you. The sparkly visual doesn't emphasize that the field is bound to/generated from the wire.

Yea that’s sick and the direction diagram was definitely needed! Keep up the good work crazy!

Love you so much... You Literally Blew My Mind!.. Can't Wait To Watch Similarly Mind-Blowing Videos...

I'm here after the Veritasium video and I gotta say, my mind IS blown. And this was such a better explanation too. My mind is more blown now since you answered all of my "what if" questions in your video lol

I came here after Derek from Veritasium's video. Helped a lot, thanks, specially the "the energy coming out of a power source doesn't have to be same that's going into your devices". The answer is in the fields, it's everywhere, literally.

Holy what the farg this completely blows my intuitions out of the water. And yet I'm not completely lost as to what's actually happening, with your explanation and visuals. Sir, you are doing a FANTASTIC job with this series, and PLEASE keep up with it! :D

@ScienceAsylum

5 жыл бұрын

Right?! All the intuitions right out the window!

@calyodelphi124

5 жыл бұрын

I can't wait to see more electrodynamics! I'm gonna have to binge-watch all the episodes again and again to really drill the stuff in so I know what to expect when I take the inevitable courses in uni. :) Understanding what's happening is most of the battle. Learning the math that underpins it is just the last salvo.

@veronicagorosito187

4 жыл бұрын

I thought I understood electromagnetism. Now I know that I knew it wrong. But also, don't understand it the right way now, anyway. Now I'm sure about being 100% ignorant on the topic :)

Im coming from veritasiums videos and you made this content two years earlier. Thanks for spreading your knowledge 🐱

I think you did a better job at this than veritasium did this week. Thank you!

I...need to watch that again to get it :D

@jignacio159

5 жыл бұрын

My thoughts exactly! This has blown my mind

@seanspartan2023

5 жыл бұрын

Same

@markchip1

5 жыл бұрын

Brave man!!

0:18 **watches this video while confusing the motion of charge with the motion of energy**

You give the best explanation so far. Your twin asking the layman questions made it way easier for me.

That feeling when your teacher explains something and everything that's been bothering you fall into place. Amazing video, the yang to Veritasium's yin.

7:15 I like the fact that on this very second of the video there were atleast a few thousand people with the same face