Chemistry: What is a Covalent Bond? - Polar & Nonpolar - Intramolecular Forces

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Covalent bonds are one of the 3 main types of intramolecular forces, along with ionic bonds and metallic bonds. Covalent bonds are the result of atoms sharing their valence electrons. Covalent bonds can be polar or nonpolar, depending on the electronegativities of the atoms involved in the bond.
We show five examples of covalent bonds using Lewis dot structure notation: HF, CO2, H2, H2O and CCl4.
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LESSON CHAPTERS:
0:00 Intramolecular Forces
0:28 Definition of a Covalent Bond
0:42 Example 1: HF (single covalent bond)
1:23 Example 2: CO2 (double covalent bond)
2:09 Nonpolar covalent bonds
2:20 Example 3: H2
2:43 Polar covalent bonds
2:48 Example 4: H2O
3:58 Example 5: CCl4
4:39 Pauling Bond Polarity Scale (Linus Pauling)
5:15 Do covalent bonds break apart in water? (electrolytes)
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Written and Produced by Kimberly Hatch Harrison
About our instructor:
Kimberly Hatch Harrison received degrees in Biology and English Literature from Caltech before working in pharmaceuticals research, developing drugs for autoimmune disorders. She continued her studies in Molecular Biology (focusing on Immunology and Neurobiology) at Princeton University, where she began teaching as a graduate student. Her success in teaching convinced her to leave the glamorous world of biology research and turn to teaching full-time, accepting a position at an exclusive prep school, where she taught biology and chemistry for eight years. Kimberly co-founded Socratica Studios.
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#Chemistry #Covalent #educationalvideo

Пікірлер: 113

  • @Socratica
    @Socratica7 ай бұрын

    Our free online chemistry course will help you level up and learn more: www.socratica.com/courses/chemistry

  • @oldrap07
    @oldrap078 жыл бұрын

    Really cool! i understood this way faster than my book's boring images, thank you

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Fan of a Fan That's great to hear! Thank you for watching! :)

  • @Roserayrose
    @Roserayrose4 жыл бұрын

    this is an incredibly relaxing style of teaching!! thank u, it helped lessen my stress for my chem test in a couple days. i definitely had a few ‘OHHHHH’ moments in this lmao

  • @qricke2841
    @qricke28414 жыл бұрын

    who else has a test tomorrow?

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good luck!! 💜🦉

  • @qricke2841

    @qricke2841

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Socratica thank you

  • @lulee629

    @lulee629

    4 жыл бұрын

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    4 жыл бұрын

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    @manthanc7727

    4 жыл бұрын

    Me!

  • @t.damianboyle622
    @t.damianboyle6225 жыл бұрын

    A clear and simple presentation. Very useful for lay people and beginners. Thanks!

  • @Coolvideo63
    @Coolvideo637 жыл бұрын

    You are a life saver, thank you so very much for making this incredible video for dummies like me who cant even do algebra 1, and chemistry is another thing! I watched about a hundred videos trying to understand this type of chemistry topic.

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    Jasmine, you are no dummy! You are working hard to understand a tough subject!! We're so glad you are learning chemistry with us. Thank you for writing and letting us know! Good luck with your studies!! :)

  • @Ms.MD7

    @Ms.MD7

    6 жыл бұрын

    I feel u girl, same here.

  • @techno_magnus9616
    @techno_magnus96163 жыл бұрын

    This is helpful. thank you Alexa!

  • @Tudi500
    @Tudi5004 жыл бұрын

    Really good video. Thanks!

  • @sreekalavinod6212
    @sreekalavinod62126 жыл бұрын

    Ur method of teaching is too good.its helps me lot.thank u so much.😊😊

  • @ikqanbhat2056
    @ikqanbhat20567 жыл бұрын

    very helpful keep it up

  • @roginakhalaf5549
    @roginakhalaf55494 жыл бұрын

    Your video is very interesting and I understand the lesson quickly . thx you so much.❤❤

  • @marinelovaa
    @marinelovaa3 жыл бұрын

    Thank youu sm, now I understand ❤️

  • @chandhuchandrakala1869
    @chandhuchandrakala18696 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the explanation

  • @Eric_X
    @Eric_X3 жыл бұрын

    This was really helpful I was really confused on the worksheet which explained this topic. Thank you very much!!!!

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    3 жыл бұрын

    We're so glad we could help! 💜🦉

  • @samyakjain6893
    @samyakjain68936 жыл бұрын

    Thank u so much

  • @davidhart9106
    @davidhart91063 жыл бұрын

    Very good video!

  • @massinissatinouche
    @massinissatinouche9 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for sharing science and knowledge.

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    9 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for watching, Massinissa TINOUCHE!

  • @abbyk.3027
    @abbyk.30276 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for this very informative video. My science teacher only very briefly went over this topic then assigned us a big project over it. I was freaking out until I found this video so thank you very much you are a lifesaver.

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    6 жыл бұрын

    We're so glad you found our video helpful!! Good luck on your project!! :D

  • @kunslipper
    @kunslipper6 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much.

  • @rednex2013
    @rednex201310 жыл бұрын

    amazing

  • @oatycookieori
    @oatycookieori8 жыл бұрын

    thank you so much

  • @fatema1683
    @fatema16833 жыл бұрын

    Thank you your vedio is very helpful for us, we are clearly understand the topic THANK YOU VERY MUCH 😊

  • @bedokhaled9628
    @bedokhaled96284 жыл бұрын

    thank u very much!!!

  • @jennaw593
    @jennaw5933 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @indian_12495
    @indian_124953 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much❤

  • @dswedddswrfefvefedfed3912
    @dswedddswrfefvefedfed39127 жыл бұрын

    nice video it helped a lot thank you and keep going on

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    We're so glad we could help! We're definitely going to keep making more videos. Thanks for watching! :)

  • @rainstormr7650
    @rainstormr76504 жыл бұрын

    lovely vid!

  • @redplough
    @redplough6 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful.

  • @okno4784
    @okno47848 жыл бұрын

    you solved my doubt related to covalent bonding, THANK YEW :)

  • @harshitanand452
    @harshitanand4524 жыл бұрын

    You actually solved my doubt which I was having in the polar and non polar bonds. Thanks a lot.

  • @davidb573
    @davidb5739 жыл бұрын

    So in other words, in a covalent bond, the element with the higher electronegativity has the stronger pull on the shared electrons. I was wondering how you are suppose to work out the shape of some of these molecules. I know its to do with bonding angles but that about I all I know. nice video btw, you don't go too fast like the majority of chemistry youtuber. clearly set out and once again well explained

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    9 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much for watching, and your interesting comment, David Binnekamp ! We'll definitely need to do a video about bond angles - great idea! The general principle is referred to as VSEPR (valence shell electron pair repulsion) theory - if there are lone pairs of electrons, that pushes the bonding electrons away from the lone pair electron cloud, making for a more dramatically bent set of bond angles than if there are no lone pairs of electrons around.

  • @davidb573

    @davidb573

    9 жыл бұрын

    Socratica ah I see, thats made it clear. thnx for that :)

  • @deagashi2257
    @deagashi22578 жыл бұрын

    theres a special place in heaven for you guys THANKS

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Dea G You are so kind, thank you! :)

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    @chouhanjairam3821

    6 жыл бұрын

    Wow profile pic

  • @sakshammankotia773
    @sakshammankotia7737 жыл бұрын

    I was wandering here and there for so many days in search of this........ You explained it exceptionally well.

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    We're so glad to hear our video was helpful! We're so glad you've found us! :)

  • @afghanmusic2902
    @afghanmusic29024 жыл бұрын

    Nice contenet.

  • @larkofmiddleearth5540
    @larkofmiddleearth55404 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much! Now I will get this on my final👍🏻

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good Luck!! 💜🦉

  • @hashamkhan8785
    @hashamkhan87856 жыл бұрын

    Thanks u

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    @madilowe93482 жыл бұрын

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  • @shreenashrena3407
    @shreenashrena34076 жыл бұрын

    great ...

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    @lunaleroona55218 жыл бұрын

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  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    8 жыл бұрын

    +luna leroona Thank you for your kind comment! You made our day!! :)

  • @marshacreary9771
    @marshacreary97716 жыл бұрын

    We reviewed this in Mrs. Valancy 's class and then again in my nursing class

  • @priyankamongia154
    @priyankamongia1545 жыл бұрын

    Nice

  • @farzanabegum8143
    @farzanabegum81438 жыл бұрын

    it was really of great help!!! ... from different sources i came to know that... EN value bond 0.0-0.5 non-polar 0.5-1.7 polar >2 ¡onic

  • @HayDayEveryday

    @HayDayEveryday

    3 жыл бұрын

    But nobody has a mind big enough to memorize the valued of E.Ns of all elements lol

  • @nandhinipuppy4357
    @nandhinipuppy43576 жыл бұрын

    Very good explanation

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    6 жыл бұрын

    We're so glad you found our video helpful! Thanks for watching! :D

  • @nandhinipuppy4357

    @nandhinipuppy4357

    6 жыл бұрын

    I am glad to see it replay.

  • @dhdmskrnsmgldbsndmgdgdd5096
    @dhdmskrnsmgldbsndmgdgdd50967 жыл бұрын

    thank you, you save my future

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    Hello Badar, thank you for visiting! We're so glad we could help. :)

  • @libera317
    @libera3173 жыл бұрын

    Wow, that's some talented teacher, right there. You made everything sound so easy, that I actually wonder whether I got it right or I imagine things. And I'm not even English native speaker! I'm really, really grateful💚🐢

  • @jagrutipatel9240
    @jagrutipatel92404 жыл бұрын

    What is multiple bond formation in carbon

  • @Cyberplayer5
    @Cyberplayer54 жыл бұрын

    Does the polar molecule of water cause the build up of static charge as it falls through air?

  • @BH-hx5ij
    @BH-hx5ij Жыл бұрын

    I still don't see a difference between ionic and covalent bonds. For example in NaCl, can't the bond be considered a "sharing" of sodium's extra valence electron?

  • @linhylinhlol
    @linhylinhlol8 жыл бұрын

    ah thank you so much XD

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Linh Nguyen We're so glad you enjoyed it! Thank you for watching! :)

  • @DiCelloPiano
    @DiCelloPiano5 жыл бұрын

    Anyone know the music in this? please? Every possible piece of information you can imagine is in the description box , except the awesome classical music - typical youtube

  • @amanyadav1128
    @amanyadav11287 жыл бұрын

    👍👍👍

  • @dhdmskrnsmgldbsndmgdgdd5096
    @dhdmskrnsmgldbsndmgdgdd50967 жыл бұрын

    hi from Oman

  • @rajivpanda1524
    @rajivpanda15246 жыл бұрын

    👏👏👏

  • @joycenael
    @joycenael7 жыл бұрын

    i thought that the main goal of the covalent bond is to have an octet rule stability for both elements. i am quite confused.

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    Hi Joyce! Could you tell us a little more? Are you confused about hydrogen being in covalent bonds? Because H cannot form an octet. Rather it adopts the configuration of its nearest Noble Gas, He, when it has 2 shared electrons. The octet rule refers to how atoms adopt the very stable valence electron state of the nearest Noble Gas - so for most atoms that will be 8 electrons.

  • @joycenael

    @joycenael

    7 жыл бұрын

    yeah. after having many videos I get it, the covalent bond is the bond that exists between two nonmetal elements. It would be a nonpolar covalent bond if it has the same element and the difference of their electronegativity is not greater than or equal to 0.5/0.4. the reverse of its idea is the polar covalent bond

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    Glad to hear it, Joyce! Sounds like you are working hard. :)

  • @joycenael

    @joycenael

    7 жыл бұрын

    :) thanks also for your video. it help me a lot

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    You are so welcome! We are glad you have found us! :)

  • @brandonm8994
    @brandonm89947 жыл бұрын

    My teacher makes VERY different distinctions than you do... I am extremely confused. Last night in class he told us that there are 3 types of covalent bonds- pure, polar, and non-polar. Pure is for same elements, generally diatomic like H2, and have the same electronegativity (EN). I don't understand what "different EN" means, because they ALL have different ENs! In your video you say that H2O is a polar bond because they have the same EN... how?? In my book, H has an EN of 2.2 and O has an EN of 3.4. How is this "the same"? Then when you go into non-polar it's pretty much the exact same thing... I don''t understand, what is the difference between polar and non-polar? And doesn't "polar" infer that the compound should have a net charge due to ionic imbalance? He also has us into Lewis dot structures... we won't be expected to draw them, just tell if they are balanced/correct or not, and whether they are ionic or molecular (I can determine that much), and if molecular, whether they are pure, polar, or non-polar. So I need a video that clearly explains those particular things.

  • @YJWoadWarrior
    @YJWoadWarrior7 жыл бұрын

    why do orbitals need to be full?

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    Another good question from Curt!! A lot of chemistry is observational, meaning - chemists have made up rules based on what they have observed in nature. They have found that atoms have lower energy and are more stable (less reactive) when they have a full orbital of electrons. Thanks for your question!

  • @YJWoadWarrior

    @YJWoadWarrior

    7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the answer! What about sub orbitals are they unstable if not filled?

  • @zohvlog5174
    @zohvlog51743 жыл бұрын

    I am in 7 th class . I also have test tomorrow

  • @sunbinsamin5588
    @sunbinsamin55887 жыл бұрын

    i am confused about hcl acid and hydrgenchloride gas....cuz hcl acid has ionic bond ...and hydrogenchloride has covalent bond

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for your question! HCl is called hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid - same thing. A lot of people are confused by this idea because HCl readily breaks into H+ and Cl- in water. That's because it's an electrolyte. The bond joining H and Cl is a covalent bond, however. They are sharing their electrons until they come apart in water. Think of this as being different from H+ ions being attracted to Cl- ions via electrostatic attraction (that's what happens in an ionic bond, like in the case of NaCl). Here's our video about ionic bonds: bit.ly/2cdfPxv And here's a video comparing ionic bonds and covalent bonds: bit.ly/2cUG6C8 Thanks for watching! :)

  • @sunbinsamin5588

    @sunbinsamin5588

    7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

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    @sosiweledie69263 жыл бұрын

    I like you

  • @rajvidharamshi2832
    @rajvidharamshi28324 жыл бұрын

    Imma dumbass but I really learned a lot from this video. Gotta test tmrw 🥶

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    @samhatunsabira90486 жыл бұрын

    i really love the vintage theme

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    @arsildarouiche892

    5 жыл бұрын

    lmfao this seems more ancient than vintage; vintage would refer to like the 40's or something not ancient Greece😂

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    @emir49593 жыл бұрын

    when will the pain end

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    @Peace-zs4vm5 жыл бұрын

    😎

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    @marshacreary97716 жыл бұрын

    Just to clarify this does not work with people and healthy relationships

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    @radwchezz5499 Жыл бұрын

    Группа 2/1 на месте?

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    @gamilasaeed16754 жыл бұрын

    am still so confused

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    @maskoonbait7 жыл бұрын

    الي كان شارد و متوهق لايك

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    @belulisdero72483 жыл бұрын

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  • @islandvibes677
    @islandvibes677 Жыл бұрын

    Who has test coming up?😂

  • @chixmossatv.9046
    @chixmossatv.90464 жыл бұрын

    Who else has a test today

  • @Socratica

    @Socratica

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good luck!! 💜🦉

  • @djoulisabenjamin8458
    @djoulisabenjamin84584 жыл бұрын

    Good luck😂

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    @armelgimal31265 жыл бұрын

    So hot.

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    @Daniel-jn8ew

    3 жыл бұрын

    Bro?

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    @yasirfarrag17835 жыл бұрын

    Just do freaking gaming or you will never get views and subs