Carlo Rovelli and Christophe Galfard on the Architecture of the Universe

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Does time exist?
Was our universe born from a Big Bang, or from a Big Bounce triggered by a former universe imploding?
Is this the only universe, or are there infinite ones, all expanding in parallel and out of sight of each other?
These are just some of the questions that were tackled by world-renowned physicists Carlo Rovelli and Christophe Galfard when they came to the Intelligence Squared stage, joined in conversation by BBC science star Helen Czerski.
Theoretical physics deals with matters at the very limits of human understanding. Einstein was once prompted to tell a student: ‘If you have understood me, then I haven’t been clear.’ In the face of this complexity, Rovelli and Galfard have found a way of explaining the mysteries of physics that has made them the most popular science communicators in their countries. In Italy, Rovelli has consistently outsold 'Fifty Shades of Grey' with his book 'Seven Brief Lessons on Physics', which last year became a Sunday Times bestseller. Galfard - who gained his PhD as Stephen Hawking’s graduate student - won France’s Science Book of the Year for his book on the cosmos 'The Universe in Your Hand'.
There could hardly be a better moment for Rovelli and Galfard to shed light on the revelations that physics is making about the universe. Technology is allowing us to observe for the first time in reality phenomena that have until now only been suggested in theory. Earlier this year, the LIGO observatory in the US made the first ever detection of gravitational waves - 100 years after Einstein predicted the existence of these ripples in spacetime. Galfard describes the discovery as the beginning of ‘a totally new era for mankind’. He states: ‘We haven’t lived through such a thing since the advent of Galileo’s telescope, which changed the whole face of the universe. This is history in the making. Mankind will probably remember this in 1,000 years.’ Being able to see these waves, Galfard and Rovelli will explain, will let us peer into the very origins of matter and time.

Пікірлер: 32

  • @GMC2001
    @GMC20012 жыл бұрын

    I’m in love with Carlo. He’s my favourite physicist, and he’s also a poet. Wow. Him, David Deustch, Martin Rees as poet educators. Roger Penrose, Max Tegamark, Jim Baggot, Brian Greene… hmm I’m just listing beautiful minds who hav inspired me. I’m so grateful to all of them. You will never waste your time reading any of these Titans. Peace. X

  • @schmetterling4477

    @schmetterling4477

    2 жыл бұрын

    You have really poor taste in physicists. You don't know a single relevant one. :-)

  • @Yes-df3xx
    @Yes-df3xx7 жыл бұрын

    Christophe Galfard came to a school in a city about an hour away from the town I live in today and we went there from my school to watch Galfard when he held some kind of "presentation". It was great stuff!

  • @YorranKlees
    @YorranKlees5 жыл бұрын

    It just hit me that what we call warm colours are the ones that have the less energy, yet they represent life, action, anger, strength... whereas cold colours like blue and violet have the highest energy. Fun facts.

  • @jedionboard1233
    @jedionboard12337 жыл бұрын

    I attended this talk,, very interesting,, and a very hot day,,, hence shiny folks.

  • @ezekielyu4294
    @ezekielyu42947 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating.

  • @ang2492
    @ang24922 жыл бұрын

    1:11:45 NOOO !!!!! the lady tells them to move on right when the conversation was starting to get interesting!;(

  • @Jason-gt2kx
    @Jason-gt2kx4 жыл бұрын

    I wish they put on closed caption. It is so hard to hear and understand.

  • @jakalamanewtown6814
    @jakalamanewtown6814 Жыл бұрын

    See Richard Feynman on Quantum Mechanics for explanation of QM

  • @Gringohuevon
    @Gringohuevon5 жыл бұрын

    The world´s shiniest presenter

  • @xavieraguerrevere9716
    @xavieraguerrevere97163 жыл бұрын

    carlo has to define what are this grains of space time made off, or how they came into existance

  • @BrettHar123

    @BrettHar123

    3 жыл бұрын

    They are elementary volumes, like the platonic solids, but more varied, connected by faces, each with a quantum number of volume, and areas expressed in Planck units.

  • @babalaksa
    @babalaksa7 жыл бұрын

    I don't mean to sound too critical but Galfard's answers are a bit rambling and kind of off the mark. For example, he makes it sound like physicists want a grand unified theory simply because it's prettier - "one is better than four". We need a unified theory because our two big theories (quantum mechanics & general relativity) are fundamentally incompatible and therefore incomplete as descriptions of nature. As the moderator said, physics is reductionist, continually drilling down to more fundamental levels of reality, and providing unifying explanations of various, previously unrelated phenomena. This happened when Newton unified everyday motion of objects on earth with the motion of celestial objects. Then faraday & maxwell unified electricity with magnetism. Then we unified the "particle soup" of many different subatomic particles into the "standard model of particle physics". Then electromagnetism was unified with the weak nuclear force. And now physicists are on a mission to unify the very small (quantum mechanics) with the very large (general relativity).

  • @Oners82

    @Oners82

    4 жыл бұрын

    BL1 It is not a case of unifying large with small, although this is a popular misunderstanding of the problem. After all, everything is quantum in nature regardless of its size. The problem is unifying quantum mechanics and gravity. For example in a classical description of a black hole the singularity is infinitely small and yet gravitational effects are obviously crucial to understanding them, hence the need to unite quantum mechanics and gravity.

  • @maximillianalexander7052
    @maximillianalexander70522 жыл бұрын

    If you were travelling at the speed of light toward an object that was 1,000,000 lightyears away, and at the same time were observing events taking place on that object. You would be viewing those events taking place faster than they actually occurred. Like watching a movie on fast forward. This is because the field of light travelling toward you, carrying the images of events as they unfolded on the object is travelling at a relatively constant speed to your eyes at which point the mind interprets the information and forms a picture or serious of pictures that represent what’s going on at the point of the object. 

So to quantify that, let’s say for example, x = the amount of images travelling toward you through light transmission, from the object, per second. 

 Now if you are observing from a stationary point, x stays constant as the relative speed of light is said to be constant. However if you were to begin to move toward the object, at a substantial speed, let’s say the speed of light, you would be taking in more x than if you were stationary. In the same way as if you are a car (observer) travelling at 100km per hour towards another car (light) travelling toward you. also travelling at 100km , you would reach the other car quicker than if that other car was stationary. 

 So if you are travelling toward an object at a substantially accelerated rate i.e the speed of light, you will receive a greater amount of images (x) of that object, and this will have the effect of watching a a movie in fast forward. Obviously we are talking about ridiculous speeds here over and above that which the mind is tuned to interpret. 

 Now here’s an interesting thought, if you were travelling in the same direction of light travelling from an object, at a rate faster than the speed of light, but looking back at the point in which you began your travels, you would be watching events unfold in reverse. 

Even more interesting is that if you were traveling in the same direction of light travelling away from an object and looking back at that object whilst yourself travelling at the speed of light, two possibilities present themselves. One is that it would appear that nothing was happening, i.e all events were paused on that object because travelling precisely at the speed of light, you are observing a static quantity of x. i.e, any images carried through x will never reach you because you are travelling away from them at the same speed as they are approaching you and any images carried by x that are in front of you, you’ll never reach because you are travelling at the same speed as they are. The other possibility is that once x is observed and interpreted by the mind, as the mind has registered that information, and no new information is apparent due to the above mentioned factors of travelling at the precise speed at which x is travelling, you will see nothing at all as if that object just disappeared. x = the speed in which images are carried toward you through light. 
 y = the point in space you are observing from s = the speed in which you are travelling d = the direction relative to the the object you are travelling ([-d, away from the object]. [+d, toward the object]. [d, stationary to the object 

 Anyone care to formulate this for me?

  • @Diana_L.
    @Diana_L.2 жыл бұрын

    "Objects don't fall towards a mass because of gravity, but rather because the distortion of space time creates a slope." My question is: What, other than some form of gravity, causes the objects to "slide" down that slope?

  • @lepidoptera9337

    @lepidoptera9337

    2 жыл бұрын

    Gravity doesn't do that, either. It's just a model.

  • @BrettHar123
    @BrettHar1232 жыл бұрын

    What exactly has Galfard done apart from being Hawking's student?

  • @davidwilkie9551
    @davidwilkie95514 жыл бұрын

    No one's right if everyone is wrong, but that emphasizes possible "right", that is probably a pejorative term for "philosophical" probability in uncertainty.., ie everyone alive is right in some degree, which is the natural outcome occurring in a functional conception of mathematical incompleteness. (This requires us to be rigorously rational, proportionate and reasonable, not religiously ignorant of those unpleasant facts in/of reality) Philosophy is required to put observable phenomena into words that Applied Mathematics demonstrates the proportions of relative relevance in format, and Physics discovers the Quantum Operator Fields Modulation Mechanism Pure Dynamic Mathematics here-now-forever, cause-effect existence in pulsed resonances of e-Pi-i interference positioning. The Observable QM-TIMESPACE Principle In-form-ation formulae of Singularity, in which "modulation" = continuous "bounce" of i-reflection at .dt this here-now-forever Central Limit of "sync" symmetrical balance. There is only a functional principle of existence, about which, (everyone who is conscious is a unique arrangement of timing modulation context-embodiment), is superficially right in their own "philosophical" way.. If time duration timing modulation, interference positioning Image condensation, is continuous creation connection in Principle, then the complete "explanation" is that a potential possibilities particle is an ideal gas point of no size, infinite space, multiple of infinite no-space = relative geometrical positioning is ONE probable no-thing different, ..it's only positioning relativity, ..be-cause->effect of self-defining Singularity positioning, of eternal points with no size, which is this infinite perspective of zero-infinity = eternal sync difference is empty spacing = nothing.., it's the cause-effect distribution properties of Inflation/modulation +/-, and incidentally/eventually, the Calculus sum-of-all-histories, ..zero-infinity of Eternity-now differentiation and integration numberness sequences of e-Pi-i resonance positioning. Math-philosophy makes dualistic elemental-simplicity compositions of particular identifications, composed of mathematically coherent cohesion objectives in pulsed perspectives-> ..resonances of e-Pi-i Image-> atomic function wave-package condensation "cosmological objects" => objective lens or observation focus. Everybody's right about observable WYSIWYG, but to be precise, Mathematics is symbolic possibility thinking about how to think about it, so that you "get it", and understand the full philosophical message-meaning of e-Pi-i elementary holographic positioning. TIME, duration-timing quantization, encapsulates "the whole functional AM-FM communication mechanism of Holographic QM-TIMESPACE message. (Alternatively, looking at a box full of spiral metal shavings in a Machine Shop might be an impression of the Singularity positioning, here-now forever, of Spinfoam Totality) Falling into a Black Hole Singularity Conception, may be emulated by comparison with descent into the layered horizons in/of the ocean deep, ..light is absorbed = freezes in "latent heat" resonance frequencies, but ULF sound is relatively superconducting, (ask the whales how they talk around the Planet), and the same applies to space/inflation orthogonality, in UHF sync-modulation, AM-FM continuous creation connection, "density orthogonal to intensity", = orbital sync in line of sight, equivalent to tuned "alignment" with elliptical orbits, => modulation, = Eternity-now, Infinte Interval of Holographic Principle distribution. Which is Totality.., phase-locked multi-phase state nodes of ad-justified empirical laws of dualistic evidence that is Temporal Superspin Modulation substance-substantiation. Ie, Act-ual Time Duration Timing, => Actuality. E=mC² expresses a mathematical positioning by reciprocal formatting of sync-condensation, and functional definition of perspective positioning. The universally distributed vanishing point Singularity Conception, and the Quantization Calculus in-form-ation of e-Pi-i resonance positioning Image that is coherent cohesion objectives in pulsed resonances, of/by Inflation +/- modulation-function condensation. Eg This is also reintegration, phase-shifting change of resonance, in/of multi-phase state solid-liquid-gas-plasma nodes, of "line-of-sight" "collapse" of the wave-packaging mass-momentum, laws-of-motion = "conduction" functions. Holographic first/only Principle. An understanding of Holographic Principle In-form-ation formulae in Mathematical Abstractions requires that we be-live in no-thing, (agnostic meditating in balanceed perspectives), the containment of "everything in nothing" as Pure Dynamic Mathematics and possibility thinking, requires suspended-synchronous on/in resonant positioning-probability, which are these "atomic" nodes of quantization are how and why we exist as conscious pulsed dualistic embodiment of the QM-TIMESPACE Principle. Philosophically speaking.., and "it has to be said" by default WYSIWYG AM-FM Timing-spacing Principle of Time.

  • @youtou252

    @youtou252

    3 жыл бұрын

    Did you type all that and expect someone to read it

  • @pimwiersinga8822
    @pimwiersinga88226 жыл бұрын

    But the Andromeda galaxy is coming closer - while the universe expands.

  • @Oners82

    @Oners82

    4 жыл бұрын

    So?

  • @CabbagePatchBstard
    @CabbagePatchBstard7 жыл бұрын

    Why is the moderator so shiny? Was she buffed?

  • @emlynlewis2830

    @emlynlewis2830

    7 жыл бұрын

    Moistruizer, he legs are shiny too, must have lathered her entire body in lotion.

  • @lionvillelion

    @lionvillelion

    7 жыл бұрын

    that's Dr. Helen Czerski.

  • @Enctypt

    @Enctypt

    7 жыл бұрын

    bacon grease prob.

  • @BrettHar123

    @BrettHar123

    5 жыл бұрын

    Gregory Zunic strange for a physicist, I can’t find anything that she has contributed to the field.

  • @Oners82

    @Oners82

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@BrettHar123 She has done a lot of work in fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. Strange how you can't find anything as it took me all of about 5 seconds!

  • @bexhill8777
    @bexhill8777 Жыл бұрын

    Sill Stuck In Newtons Black Hole..Very Sad