Can Light Bump Into Other Light?

Ғылым және технология

I show you how second harmonic generation and frequency doubling works
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  • @danielleohallisey4218
    @danielleohallisey42182 жыл бұрын

    I recently retired from an engineering career that included extensive work in nonimaging optics (the optics of illumination devices, for the most part. I designed some photography lighting, high-efficiency concentrators for solar energy, and a couple of very badass flashlights, over the decades I spent in that arena). While I've studied and have understood the concepts you put forth in your videos, I give you great credit for bringing those very abstract ideas to life. Thank you for all you do to bring science to us, your audience!

  • @ali-g

    @ali-g

    2 жыл бұрын

    I am an engineering major myself and would love to listen your experience

  • @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    2 жыл бұрын

    Flashlights like the SyniosBeam or Maxablaster? The 12" mirror is pretty effective. The short arc speaks for itself though. I'd like to make a gigathrower with a nice spill. Drivers are getting more efficient too.

  • @danielleohallisey4218

    @danielleohallisey4218

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@BariumCobaltNitrog3n it was pretty long ago, when LED flashlights were brand-new and I had some good ideas for reflector/lens design. Now you can just buy aspheric lenses off the shelf that do a better job, but 20 years ago I was, like, cutting edge...

  • @danielleohallisey4218

    @danielleohallisey4218

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ali-g one of the best things I ever did was learn to use a specialized piece of software, called OptisWorks. It's now sold by National Instruments but still works the same way; it's a modeling add-in for SolidWorks CAD software. I eventually bought a (very expensive) license for it and was the only person in northern New England who had it, and knew how to use it. Most of the jobs were pretty straightforward. A client would bring me a design done by someone who had no idea how to build an optical system, and pay me to double, triple or quadruple the output (brightness, focus or both) of the system. Really fun stuff!

  • @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@danielleohallisey4218 I've been experimenting with lenses and reflectors and combinations of them for a few years. Did you check out those two flashlights? Handheld, battery operated, not tethered and must run for minutes (no strobes) and the record is around 52M candela and 7.5 kilometers. From a single led and the beam is 12" wide. I'm a flashaholic. Budget light forum.

  • @jerotoro2021
    @jerotoro20212 жыл бұрын

    If you held that crystal over a camera, would you be able to see what the world would like if our visible spectrum was 50% lower frequency? That would be interesting to see.

  • @user-zb9ie4do7r

    @user-zb9ie4do7r

    2 жыл бұрын

    You would likely need to design a lense based on this principle to properly capture it, otherwise you are not emulating the structure of the crystal that causes this light refraction

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    We'd mostly be seeing in green, blue, purple.

  • @darktherapy

    @darktherapy

    2 жыл бұрын

    Don’t mess around with crystals, you’ll fu*k up your chakras!

  • @RealNovgorod

    @RealNovgorod

    2 жыл бұрын

    No, the second-harmonic crystals in laser pointers are extremely narrow-band in order to be efficient. Only that one specific infrared wavelength (around 1064nm) is partially converted into green light (532nm) with some ten percent of efficiency, everything else is unchanged. So only if you have a strong light source at that 1064nm wavelength in the room, you might expect to see a tiny increase in green hue - without the crystal that wavelength would be simply invisible. Also, it's a 2nd-order nonlinear effect and you only get that efficiency if you pump 50-100mW of infrared light through a tiny spot on the crystal. If you use the crystal as a lens for your glasses with only eye-safe ambient light, the power density on the crystal will be millions of times less and the conversion efficiency scales with the power density squared, so you will see absolutely nothing, even if the whole room is lit up in 1064nm light. Frequency-doubling of the entire visible spectrum is extremely challenging because these crystals typically work only for a "single" (i.e. narrow-band) wavelength and even then getting more than 10% efficiency is considered good. If you want to convert a broad range of wavelengths simultaneously, you have to make the crystal very thin (look up "phase matching"), which makes it very inefficient, so this is only useful for high-power or short-pulsed lasers. Maybe you could make a giant stack of many different crystals tuned for different wavelengths covering the whole visible spectrum, but the resulting contraption would probably be meters thick and re-absorb all the converted light...

  • @hex00ffff

    @hex00ffff

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@darktherapy That was hilarious!

  • @laarmyguy
    @laarmyguy2 жыл бұрын

    I love how even I can understand most everything. He is very good at information presentation.

  • @thundersoul7761

    @thundersoul7761

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yeah and I also don't have enough knowledge of physics and I understand almost everything

  • @darealpoopster

    @darealpoopster

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@thundersoul7761 You probably don’t actually understand it though.

  • @DGRIFF

    @DGRIFF

    2 жыл бұрын

    I think you're probably above average intelligence... this channel is lost on people with average intelligence.

  • @RealGedagedi

    @RealGedagedi

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@darealpoopster oh fr?

  • @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@RealGedagedi Understanding is being able to explain it to someone else. The information here might make sense to people but I also doubt most understand it. Think about it: the average IQ is 100.

  • @ogranesson
    @ogranesson2 жыл бұрын

    i still wonder how he comes up with these questions no one else does but finds interesting soon after.

  • @louf7178

    @louf7178

    2 жыл бұрын

    Must have been tinkering with a green laser.

  • @ryandoesstuffapparently1540

    @ryandoesstuffapparently1540

    2 жыл бұрын

    That’s just what happens when you have a curious mind. He probably thinks he has too many questions to make videos about haha

  • @wernerviehhauser94

    @wernerviehhauser94

    2 жыл бұрын

    Just read a bunch of physics papers on arxiv :-) physicists ask the questions all the time. A few years ago, there was an experiment involving ATLAS and CMS where they showed that high energy photons can interact in vacuum.

  • @HUMAN-gg7zl

    @HUMAN-gg7zl

    2 жыл бұрын

    i had this question! and i tried to hit a laser bean path with another laser, but nothing happened, and Now i know why (sry if my english is not that good)

  • @yourleftisttesticle

    @yourleftisttesticle

    2 жыл бұрын

    Other people obviously have asked these questions. That's why he knows the physics surrounding the experiments and demonstrations. His videos are cool, but he isnt actually teaching us some brand new aspect of physics he discovered.

  • @nikolausluhrs
    @nikolausluhrs2 жыл бұрын

    We actually have a really cool way of measuring single photons of infared light. Look up superconducting nanowire single photon detectors. The ones ive worked on operate at 1550 nm

  • @D-train69

    @D-train69

    2 жыл бұрын

    What was the title of your job or whatever you volunteered for????

  • @nikolausluhrs

    @nikolausluhrs

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@D-train69 i was a "undergraduate research fellow" the devices in this paper were fun to play with in the lab: A near-infrared 64-pixel superconducting nanowire single photon detector array with integrated multiplexed readout

  • @nobelphoenix

    @nobelphoenix

    2 жыл бұрын

    A "cool" way of measuring with superconductors, eh? I see what you did there..

  • @SquirrelTheorist

    @SquirrelTheorist

    2 жыл бұрын

    That's fascinating! Thank you!

  • @D-train69

    @D-train69

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@nikolausluhrs it would detect single photons but for what??? A beam of light used to set alarms off, a laser of some sort, something emitting gfrom a computer or a navigation system for rockets, I just don't interstand???

  • @DFPercush
    @DFPercush2 жыл бұрын

    Be careful with green laser pointers in the cold. They can turn into infrared lasers and you won't know you're damaging your eyes if you try to peek into it. I always wondered how they can have instruments that can dial in a particular frequency of laser light. Neat.

  • @alexnather7614

    @alexnather7614

    2 жыл бұрын

    Wow that's some important knowledge

  • @Iwvclvz

    @Iwvclvz

    2 жыл бұрын

    What does pointing in the cold even mean? “Cold” specifically. As the freezing cold ambient temperature?

  • @ephjaymusic

    @ephjaymusic

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Iwvclvz cold/freezing weather - enough to lower the circuitry and diode ability EDIT *crystal ability* to output green light with a high enough level of efficiency to be visible. It can differ between laser pointers due to their construction and components/batteries etc.

  • @rebelwind6474

    @rebelwind6474

    2 жыл бұрын

    Isn't that infrared light has much less energy compared to visible light? Meaning that even if you did shine it in the eyes, it wouldn't really do much damage, so no. Also in terms of energy, visible light is much more dangerous Like in the video, you can go down the energy frequency path, not upward. If it's UV, X-ray and higher energy rays than yes it's much dangerous

  • @ephjaymusic

    @ephjaymusic

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@rebelwind6474 no. IR light is actually even more damaging when emitted from a high power in diode since you cannot see it and there is no blink reflex. You will be receiving a focused beam of IR which will burn the retina. Lower energy level in the context of light colour does not represent the power.

  • @Zeinzu2
    @Zeinzu22 жыл бұрын

    I don't normally learn a whole lot from videos like this (unless it's about the universe and existence haha), but coming from an audio background, I got so much wrong about frequencies of light and the energy of those colors. Super cool. I watched this like 3 times back to back. Awesome stuff!!!!!!!

  • @Warhawk76
    @Warhawk762 жыл бұрын

    I had a pretty good understanding of how this worked from my time working with lasers in the lab, but its still cool to see it demonstrated.

  • @firefoxuser2557

    @firefoxuser2557

    2 жыл бұрын

    I’m studying QM in second year now, and yeah it’s cool to hear it in a different way and actually demonstrated too

  • @belyndasonger7574
    @belyndasonger75742 жыл бұрын

    I love this! My physical science kids will too!

  • @jt12blk
    @jt12blk2 жыл бұрын

    Back in the early 1980’s a physics nerd buddy and I tried to grow our own ammonium di hydrogen phosphate crystal so we could create a blue led, since at the time the shortest wavelength of led was a mucky green color. We did not succeed; you need to pump quite a few photons into the crystal to get anything useful out.

  • @Fire27hun
    @Fire27hun2 жыл бұрын

    What about the Kugelblitz black holes formed by high concentrations of light? It was a really interesting video, I love the passion you pour into your job making these videos, cheers!

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yeah those are what demons suck your soul through once you've passed Einstein's level.

  • @feynstein1004

    @feynstein1004

    2 жыл бұрын

    That still isn't light interacting with itself, but rather with spacetime, which then bends enough to trap the light. So kind of like an indirect interaction, not a direct one.

  • @flaviospedalieri8707
    @flaviospedalieri8707Күн бұрын

    An important point to keep in mind with Non-linear interactions such as frequency-doubling of laser light, is the energy loss in the conversion is very high. The laser you have used in the demonstration, more accurately, a Diode-Pumped Solid-State laser uses a Diode pump laser of 808nm and typically its output energy is anywhere between 0.5W upto even several Watts of optical energy. In-turn, this pumps a solid-state laser, a Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate (Nd:YVO4) crystal to produce the 1064nm 'fundamental' frequency. Nd:YVO4 is more efficient that Nd:YAG for smaller pump powers. The Non-Linear crystal is typically a Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) crystal, however there are a number of crystals that exhibit non-linear properties as well. With a pump laser of say 1W, your final output will be several mW of green 532nm light. Most of the optical energy is used in to Pump the Laser Crystal and then the second harmonic generation of the 532nm light.

  • @sandipanganguly2219
    @sandipanganguly22192 жыл бұрын

    Taught more than my physics teacher, thanks!

  • @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    2 жыл бұрын

    That meme sailed a long time ago. Your physics teacher is there to introduce you and pique your interest to physics and the world around you. It looks like they succeeded at all those things. You learned something new today? Don't blame your teacher.

  • @smokeduv
    @smokeduv2 жыл бұрын

    What's also interesting is that it seems that the crystal acts differently depending on the temperature so, if the laser is used in low temperatures, the crystal seems to stop working and may lead you to think that the laser is not working anymore, but it is working properly... as an infrared laser, so if you heat it a little bit it will start glowing green again

  • @vaakdemandante8772

    @vaakdemandante8772

    2 жыл бұрын

    makes sense, as low temperature changes the crystalline structure in a way that prevents its resonant properties from working. Once the temperature raises and the crystalline lattice rearranges the photons are once again merged into one photon of summed frequency.

  • @smokeduv

    @smokeduv

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@vaakdemandante8772 well, one could say that your explanation was… coherent 😏

  • @Zenodilodon

    @Zenodilodon

    2 жыл бұрын

    Temperature changes the length of the resonator ( distance between HR and OC mirrors ) This changes the way photon match in their phasing while in the nonlinear medium. You can see on some lasers the beam will become bright and dim in repeating cycles as you warm up the resonator. Some crystals themselves do work best at a certain temp, but I have found that to be secondary to resonator length in most cases.

  • @briancannard7335
    @briancannard73352 жыл бұрын

    This is the coolest shit I saw in my entire life in physics demonstrations. This thing explains everything. You just showed a working perpetuum mobile of the 2nd kind.

  • @jasonkocher3513
    @jasonkocher35132 жыл бұрын

    More of this please... awesome job.

  • @catabc-rd8dy
    @catabc-rd8dy2 жыл бұрын

    I love this channel because it always answers my questions.

  • @JamesMulvale
    @JamesMulvale2 жыл бұрын

    Absolutely fascinating!

  • @charlestaylor3195
    @charlestaylor31952 жыл бұрын

    To the point, easy to understand, and easy to remember. The best.

  • @silvenshadow
    @silvenshadow2 жыл бұрын

    This was really great. Thanks for the video!

  • @chunfung8934
    @chunfung89342 жыл бұрын

    Q: Does the 2 photons goes into the crystal have to be in sync (phase)? And does polarity matters? By the way, thanks for the video, it’s really interesting and keep me thinking. Thx 👍🏻😃

  • @smo1165

    @smo1165

    2 жыл бұрын

    Phase and polarisation do matter for this process. To understand why and how you might want to look up the term „phase matching“.

  • @muhammedali8025
    @muhammedali80252 жыл бұрын

    6:22 To convert a single IR photon to visible light, what is it adding to? Is like half a photon adding to itself or something? Can you clarify?

  • @Gameboygenius

    @Gameboygenius

    2 жыл бұрын

    Rewind a bit. He talked about frequency summation, ie combining two wavelengths of light using a nonlinear crystal to create a third wavelength. So you combine photons of one wavelength (that you send an abundant amount of) with another (that you want to detect).

  • @RexxSchneider

    @RexxSchneider

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Gameboygenius How is a single IR photon an "abundant amount"?

  • @Gameboygenius

    @Gameboygenius

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@RexxSchneider it's not. What's abundant is photons of another wavelength you add to "sensitize" the crystal.

  • @ShenZhouGaiacoin
    @ShenZhouGaiacoin2 жыл бұрын

    this vid is amazing, I was thinking about a problem related with light, and out of nowhere youtube recommend your vid to me, as if youtube knew what I was thinking.

  • @jcjcortz8526
    @jcjcortz85269 ай бұрын

    Just thought about this thing and found out that this channel actually has something to say. I never regret I subscribed "The Action Lab". Thank you so much❤.

  • @fuckingdumbo
    @fuckingdumbo2 жыл бұрын

    i literally was searching on Google about this when vid showed up

  • @custos3249
    @custos32492 жыл бұрын

    Ah, so this is how they've recently found a way to make solar panels more efficient. The channels that've mentioned it have never gone into deal about the process other than saying a vague "special layer able to change one wavelength of light into another the cell can absorb."

  • @DFPercush

    @DFPercush

    2 жыл бұрын

    Huh, I haven't heard of that. That's a... really good idea.

  • @balazsszalai41

    @balazsszalai41

    2 жыл бұрын

    I think they use quantum dot technology.

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Custos About that layer...this video demonstrated that the non-linear crystal absorbed the infrared wavelength (which our 🌞sun🌞 is 👑king👑 of emission) and changing it into another, yet stronger wavelength...there ya go!

  • @hosseynshanbehzaadeh9342
    @hosseynshanbehzaadeh93422 жыл бұрын

    You're amazing (the best I've seen by far) at visualizing things that haven't been yet observed, and are VERY hard to wrap your head around. Like your video about neutron star or condescended dark matter or 4d sphere et cetera. Could you do a video about visualizing a monopole? A theoretical magnet with just south or north pole. Thank you and lots of love from Iran ♥️

  • @aharris206
    @aharris2062 жыл бұрын

    I was actually shining my green laser pointer around when I saw you take it out at the beginning of the video :3

  • @aakashanantharaman4037
    @aakashanantharaman40372 жыл бұрын

    Great video. Could you do a video combining this with the photoelectric effect, where light can push objects but not other light?

  • @zoldrin
    @zoldrin2 жыл бұрын

    How does the harmonic doubling affect a single photon of infrared light? It seemed like at least two photons are required.

  • @jpe1

    @jpe1

    2 жыл бұрын

    I came to the comments to ask the exact same question, so I’m commenting to get notification of any reply.

  • @IC-lz3of

    @IC-lz3of

    2 жыл бұрын

    I expect they use a light "base" (in addition to the single photons of infrared) then have a band pass filter to look for the base + infrared (not base + base).

  • @zoldrin

    @zoldrin

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@IC-lz3of thanks, that makes absolute sense

  • @jamesn0va

    @jamesn0va

    2 жыл бұрын

    I'm not gonna say this is what's happening here but photons can interact with themselves ( double slit experiment ).

  • @daviddredge1178
    @daviddredge1178 Жыл бұрын

    Another fantastic episode. Thank you.

  • @yourstoneruncle
    @yourstoneruncle2 жыл бұрын

    I find you through Snapchat shorts and I had to come find you on KZread, you're so entertaining I wish my science teacher had been able to keep my focus like you can

  • @RealNovgorod
    @RealNovgorod2 жыл бұрын

    You can't convert a single photon of infrared into visible, that's simple conservation of energy! If you have a classical (Poissonian) light source and you wait long enough, you'll get 2 photons to coherently overlap once in a while to do the nonlinear frequency conversion. With an actual (non-Poissonian/anti-bunching) single-photon source that's impossible.

  • @Elie-J-Saoud

    @Elie-J-Saoud

    2 жыл бұрын

    Conservation of energy?!!!! How about You double the frequency and decrease the ampiltude by 4?!!!!

  • @RealNovgorod

    @RealNovgorod

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Elie-J-Saoud Can't reduce the amplitude of a photon, buddy. That's kind of the point of that whole quantum stuff.

  • @alexandermarsteller7848

    @alexandermarsteller7848

    2 жыл бұрын

    I imagine you would use a high intensity probe laser and do the frequency summation mentioned. You should get out a single photon of source+probe frequency which you can then separate from the probe & doubled probe photons.

  • @RealNovgorod

    @RealNovgorod

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@alexandermarsteller7848 Yeah, that's called OPA (the high-intensity laser is called pump, not probe) and that's not at all what he was talking about. He talked about spontaneous sum-frequency generation (i.e. second-harmonic generation) without any additional pump source where infrared turns into visible light all by itself in a nonlinear crystal. That doesn't work with a single photon.

  • @prich0382
    @prich03822 жыл бұрын

    Wait if you can double the frequency, does that mean putting loads of them in a row you can keep going higher and higher with the frequency? Or is there a limit?

  • @aura4977

    @aura4977

    2 жыл бұрын

    gamma rays may be the last know checkpoint to increasing it? idk what comes after that

  • @prich0382

    @prich0382

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@aura4977 Well I did a little s arch and apparently frequency has no lower and upper limit, they go on forever either way getting closer to zero Hz and going higher and higher forever

  • @ngotranhoanhson5987

    @ngotranhoanhson5987

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@prich0382 i think about it too, hope this dude will make a video of it, gamma rays is something fun to play with

  • @wally7856

    @wally7856

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@prich0382 You can't go higher and higher in frequency forever. The energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency, so as you go higher you would eventually have enough energy in a single photon to create a black hole so that would be a limit. Also, as you go higher in frequency, the wavelength would get shorter and shorter and eventually the wavelength would approach the Planck length so you couldn't go any higher. That's 2 upper limits you would reach.

  • @mbrusyda9437

    @mbrusyda9437

    2 жыл бұрын

    They can only double a specific frequency, most probably

  • @Bela12351
    @Bela123512 жыл бұрын

    This was amazing! Thank you for the video.

  • @tthtlc
    @tthtlc2 жыл бұрын

    Finally I had a beginner's intuitive introduction to Feynman Diagram, thank you very much.

  • @drivera0502
    @drivera05022 жыл бұрын

    I work in an imaging lab and second harmonic generation is pretty common in collagen. We also see 3rd harmonic generation (3 photons coming together) in brain white matter

  • @rayoflight62

    @rayoflight62

    2 жыл бұрын

    The photosynthesis in every plant produce red light as product of the photochemical reaction. This red light coming off any plant leaf can't be seen with the naked eye, because photosynthesis occurs only when the sun is shining. As the sunlight is much more intense than the red light emitted by the leafs, you can only see the latter if you use a spectrometer or some filters...

  • @DANGJOS

    @DANGJOS

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@rayoflight62 Are you referring to the red light fluorescence? I have seen that

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Daniel Rivera what you commented is courtesy of our fascia and nervous tissue, which permeate every part of our bodies and create, emit, communicate, and store light 👍

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@rayoflight62 I use red lights at night if vision is necessary, which makes my plant leaves under it appear a dark greyish-brown, relative to your comment.

  • @maxfofax5471

    @maxfofax5471

    2 жыл бұрын

    In general, you get THG microscopy signal anytime you have a refractive index boundary or large X3 boundary which is less than the wavelength of light, or are focusing in birefringent crystals at the right polarization. You also get great SHG from natural cellulose.

  • @MlorenDraymeer
    @MlorenDraymeer2 жыл бұрын

    If you kept stacking more of these crystals in front of the laser, would it go up even higher through the frequencies?

  • @alunjones3860

    @alunjones3860

    2 жыл бұрын

    The crystal only works over a narrow bandwidth, so each crystal will need to be designed to work at the higher frequency and there will be a limit to the maximum energy any material can handle. High energy x-rays can damage crystals.

  • @TomJones-tx7pb
    @TomJones-tx7pb2 жыл бұрын

    wow this video is exactly what I have been wondering about for ages but never bothered to find the answer. I enjoyed this video immensely.

  • @55Ramius
    @55Ramius2 жыл бұрын

    Cool. Never knew about this. Hope you never run out of great ideas like this in future videos. : )

  • @Jared7873
    @Jared78732 жыл бұрын

    What happens if you aim 2 identical laser beams into a non-linear crystal 🔮? Will they annihilate each other & dissappear?

  • @RyanBoggs

    @RyanBoggs

    2 жыл бұрын

    I think the implication in this video was that this is how frequency doubling occurs. Im guessing that the green laser is taking two infrared photons to make one green photon. So if you aim two lasers into the same crystal, maybe you get the sum of the frequencies of the two.

  • @Ashwanth

    @Ashwanth

    2 жыл бұрын

    That depends upon various factors.

  • @adrianyong4640
    @adrianyong46402 жыл бұрын

    Science would be fun if you were my teacher

  • @electronash
    @electronash2 жыл бұрын

    Great vid, as always. I learn something new every time. But, I want to point out one small thing (using my best nerd voice)... They do now have so-called "Direct Injection" Green laser diodes that don't require the crystal(s). They are becoming far more widespread now, and available with higher output powers. That's quite a recent development, though. It was also only about 10 years ago that we started seeing high-power BLUE laser diodes without the crystals, too.

  • @Alvin-eq5rc
    @Alvin-eq5rc2 жыл бұрын

    Great video mate! Easy to understand and learned something. Never knew laser pointer uses inferred

  • @Onyx-0.01
    @Onyx-0.012 жыл бұрын

    I wonder if it's possible for this same scenario to happen with sound

  • @yeet1337
    @yeet13372 жыл бұрын

    Optical light does not, in fact, split up into electrons and positrons spontaneously. The effect is called pair production and can only occur if the photon has an energy bigger than 1022 keV (rest mass energy 511 keV * 2 for both particles), which is nowhere close to the optical spectrum. This is, however, very common with high-energy gamma rays.

  • @Impatient_Ape

    @Impatient_Ape

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes, and even when it happens, it requires the presence of a third particle --usually a nucleus.

  • @TheActionLab

    @TheActionLab

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes, below 1MeV though they can decay into neutrino/antineutrinos as well. But you are right, for visible light, it needs to occur in the non-linear crystals. The non linear crystal provides a setting in which the driver, signal, and idler modes can interact.

  • @yeet1337

    @yeet1337

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@TheActionLab Photons can decay into neutrino pairs? Never heard of that, can you tell me the name of the effect or some source?

  • @RealNovgorod

    @RealNovgorod

    2 жыл бұрын

    That is not entirely true. Even visible-light photons can spontaneously decay into _virtual_ e+/e- pairs as long as they annihilate back into photons within the uncertainty time corresponding to the "borrowed" energy (another way to see it is that within that short time the photons have a huge energy uncertainty such that it's enough for pair creation with finite probability). That happens all the time even with vacuum energy fluctuations and it's the mechanism behind (e.g.) the Casimir effect or Hawking radiation. That said, "vacuum polarization" becomes an actual thing in ultra-hyper-super-strong-field physics, think of EW/cm² (or maybe even ZW) monster lasers like for inertial ignition. If you have mind-boggling densities of low-energy (visible/IR) photons, the probability of virtual pair creation becomes high enough to provide the necessary nonlinear susceptibility for _actual_ pair creation where a million photons simultaneously decide to become an e+/e- pair from now on. It's left as an exercise to the reader to calculate the corresponding chi(1000000) susceptibility tensor...

  • @TheActionLab

    @TheActionLab

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@RealNovgorod great point

  • @EduardRitok
    @EduardRitok2 жыл бұрын

    that experiment with crystal in the laser was cool!! 😳 to see the actual transformation from infrared to bright visible green

  • @h-leath6339
    @h-leath63392 жыл бұрын

    Dude. So cool. Thanks for what you do!

  • @underseer
    @underseer2 жыл бұрын

    What would happen if you shined green light on the glowing paper thing?

  • @Pseudify

    @Pseudify

    2 жыл бұрын

    I assume it would depend on the exact incoming frequency and the exact frequency that the paper is designed to emit. As long as the incoming frequency is higher then it would probably glow. Just a guess though. I’m not a physicist.

  • @underseer

    @underseer

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Pseudify Yeah, I thought so too..

  • @BogdanZB
    @BogdanZB2 жыл бұрын

    What if I combine two ultriviolet light sources into one with crystal? What type of light will I obtain?

  • @cienciabit

    @cienciabit

    2 жыл бұрын

    Or a second crystal after the green laser?

  • @HelloKittyFanMan.
    @HelloKittyFanMan.2 жыл бұрын

    Oh wow, this was amazing! Thanks, James!

  • @fellipec
    @fellipec2 жыл бұрын

    Today I learned something very cool, thank you!

  • @jpietersen519
    @jpietersen5192 жыл бұрын

    At 6:25, if the crystal needs 'two' photons/light sources to double their frequency, how could it be used to detect a single photon? I understand there's probably some particle/wave distinction here, but I am struggling to translate the diagram of two lightwaves entering to a single photon, unless the two waves were never required

  • @shedactivist

    @shedactivist

    2 жыл бұрын

    The 'single' source of light your thinking of is actually a stream of photons, so two photons in the stream get diverted in the crystal and collide with each other.

  • @bluesillybeard

    @bluesillybeard

    2 жыл бұрын

    I think they have a constant source of photons, and when the second one comes it adds with one from the continuous source to make the visible light

  • @jpietersen519

    @jpietersen519

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@shedactivist but then how could you detect a single photon?

  • @shedactivist

    @shedactivist

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@jpietersen519 You don't need to detect a single photon pair to see what is going on. That's where the theoretical scientists corroborate their work with the experimental scientists.

  • @souls2music567
    @souls2music5672 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this wonderful video..

  • @4corander
    @4corander2 жыл бұрын

    Very informative!

  • @iPsychlops
    @iPsychlops2 жыл бұрын

    What you're talking about with harmonic frequencies and frequency summation is super cool. Just got my amateur radio (ham) license and learned during the process about radio waves doing that, and how it can lead to RF interference. All waves behave the same!

  • @grantyentis5507
    @grantyentis55072 жыл бұрын

    My favorite lab is The Action Lab!

  • @supremeleader69
    @supremeleader692 жыл бұрын

    That was actually very informative.

  • @flyfin108
    @flyfin1082 жыл бұрын

    very much thought provoking, thank you

  • @RomanoPRODUCTION
    @RomanoPRODUCTION2 жыл бұрын

    thank you James, it is beautiful

  • @dexterman6361
    @dexterman63612 жыл бұрын

    Holy shit underrated video! Thanks!

  • @wilbur9416
    @wilbur94162 жыл бұрын

    Something that I found very interesting is WDM. Wave division multiplexing. cool video

  • @artdonovandesign
    @artdonovandesign2 жыл бұрын

    Great video, Did we just see purple laser light @ 6:09 ? And BTW: You wrecked the futuristic dreams of all Star Wars fans (a heartfelt thank you for that)

  • @gnorts_mr_alien
    @gnorts_mr_alien2 жыл бұрын

    amazing content as always.

  • @aghanasir78
    @aghanasir782 жыл бұрын

    I will forever be grateful of you to answer questions that everyone wonders but no one answers. I have wondered this thrice when I was reading the light chapter in my 8th grade book

  • @MrMcp76
    @MrMcp762 жыл бұрын

    Whoa, I had to watch this twice to understand it! My coffee hadn't kicked in yet through the first viewing lol!!! Great video!

  • @thelovertunisia
    @thelovertunisia2 жыл бұрын

    Amazing. Well made video

  • @etmax1
    @etmax12 жыл бұрын

    I worked on a biomedical imaging product in the mid to late 90's and we needed 488nm laser light. Initially we used an argon pumped frequency doubling gas laser that needed 2kW going in to get 20mW (@488nm) out. This cost some $10,000 each. Then we bought a newly released semiconductor laser that only needed some 25W in (can't remember the colour) for 24mW out (@488nm). These cost some $28,000 each but they made the system much more portable. The only native blue laser available at the time was 405nm being used in Blue-ray players at a cost of some $50 at the time but we were using it to excite fluorescein which was insensitive at 405.

  • @juanluisclaure6485
    @juanluisclaure64852 жыл бұрын

    Gracias por tanto. saludos from Bolivia

  • @cranegantry868
    @cranegantry8682 жыл бұрын

    Amazing. I understood lots in a short time.

  • @mike1024.
    @mike1024.2 жыл бұрын

    I just clicked the bell for your channel for the first time of any channel I have ever subscribed to. Don't let me down by having sponsor ads in the middle of your videos! The very end is okay though. :-)

  • @garyha2650
    @garyha26502 жыл бұрын

    That has some up and down top to bottom strange quarky charm Mr Higgs

  • @sithlordbilly4206
    @sithlordbilly42062 жыл бұрын

    Awesome dude! ✌

  • @omsingharjit
    @omsingharjit2 жыл бұрын

    It's something that i already new about.. And i like this field of optic and non linner effect because it can do Quantum Entanglement and same technology also used in Frequency mixing in radio and Wireless.

  • @briancannard7335

    @briancannard7335

    2 жыл бұрын

    Let's build a working time machine prototype then? I'm serious.

  • @SinisterBlackShadow
    @SinisterBlackShadow2 жыл бұрын

    Dang, that was interesting 🤔. Thanks for the video upload!

  • @drsamuelk
    @drsamuelk2 жыл бұрын

    This was mind boggling superb

  • @jamesT008
    @jamesT0082 жыл бұрын

    Ur gem...nice detailing...good info

  • @swiddle1
    @swiddle12 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating!

  • @ciphermatrix
    @ciphermatrix2 жыл бұрын

    Still the best channel on youtube for science explanations and practical experiments.

  • @Treksh
    @Treksh2 жыл бұрын

    Such a cool topic

  • @lglg4151
    @lglg41512 жыл бұрын

    Great job From Argentina 🇦🇷 Keep it up

  • @elliotmapp-best9990
    @elliotmapp-best99902 жыл бұрын

    Brilliant...I loved it

  • @russellszabadosaka5-pindin849
    @russellszabadosaka5-pindin8492 жыл бұрын

    I just discovered this channel and love it. Subjects I love, explained quickly and without fluff. Others should note this approach (*cough* veritasium)

  • @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    @BariumCobaltNitrog3n

    2 жыл бұрын

    Derek loves to hear himself talk. His degrees are in physics and media marketing. Steve Mould and Science Asylum are good too. the russian animation guy is good for super-technical specific topics

  • @russellszabadosaka5-pindin849

    @russellszabadosaka5-pindin849

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@BariumCobaltNitrog3n thanks for the tips.

  • @depressedknight369
    @depressedknight3692 жыл бұрын

    love you... keep it up.. ✌️

  • @craftysun
    @craftysun2 жыл бұрын

    love your vids

  • @Heartless44-_-
    @Heartless44-_-2 жыл бұрын

    Ok, how the? You just gave the info I needed for a special project I’m working on. Ty!

  • @the_crusader_8883
    @the_crusader_88832 жыл бұрын

    Finally, a video covering what I was thinking about in 2021

  • @monstruonegro05
    @monstruonegro052 жыл бұрын

    Nice one!

  • @ufowatch
    @ufowatch2 жыл бұрын

    your videos are always so informative. you do a great job of explaining and i really appreciate that. so my question is what light could you get if you use infrared and ultraviolet together to make a new light. using frequency summation would it be infraviolet? would you make a video and show how to accomplish it please?

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    You're basically describing what our sun emitts; full-spectrum light.

  • @ufowatch

    @ufowatch

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@tiffanyvalencia8415 not quite you cant see ultra violet and you cant see infrared. we can only see the visible spectrum of light.

  • @tiffanyvalencia8415

    @tiffanyvalencia8415

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ufowatch so make a frequency summation of the sun's own frequency summation? Sounds like a light we'd be able to HEAR as well 😮👂

  • @marcfruchtman9473
    @marcfruchtman94732 жыл бұрын

    Very interesting!

  • @SorLord
    @SorLord2 жыл бұрын

    You literally make KZread a better place.

  • @Hossak
    @Hossak2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much, I have wondered if photons can interact with each other. That crystal transformation to green light was awesome!

  • @sfb-wi9pn
    @sfb-wi9pn2 жыл бұрын

    I had this question for a long time. Finally an answer

  • @solapowsj25
    @solapowsj252 жыл бұрын

    Thanks🌹 God bless you.

  • @rajibalam9748
    @rajibalam97482 жыл бұрын

    Wonderful!!

  • @IScreamAtCats33
    @IScreamAtCats332 жыл бұрын

    love how at the end he just drops that this works for a single photon, which is pretty crazy in and of itself

  • @RickSjoerds
    @RickSjoerds2 жыл бұрын

    Did not know this! Cool!

  • @dmitryfalkovich833
    @dmitryfalkovich833 Жыл бұрын

    finally i found a simple explanation of the type of harmonic conversion i do at work, the physicists just couldn't explain it

  • @josefaction6982
    @josefaction69822 жыл бұрын

    thats amazing!!!

  • @smile768
    @smile7682 жыл бұрын

    Amazing!

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