Calculus teacher vs L'Hopital's rule students
If you are also a calculus teacher, then you know most students will just use L'Hospital's rule for every limit after they learn the rule. So let's investigate the limit as x goes to infinity of (the integral from 0 to x of sin(t)*e^cos(t))/x and see why we cannot use L'Hôpital's rule. This is a great challenging limit problem for your calculus students! #calculus #blackpenredpen #challenge
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Пікірлер: 224
The original problem was equivalent to finding the average value of the function
@guillaumeproux7877
6 ай бұрын
Oh! that makes so much sense!
@smelloodle1070
5 ай бұрын
You would also get to the answer faster, because the average value of the entire function would be the same as one section.
@nanamacapagal8342
5 ай бұрын
Very fast and very simple, thanks for the insight
@petachad8463
5 ай бұрын
Daaaaaamn, i just noticed 💀💀💀💀
Real ones never forget definition of a derivative 🗣
@thatomofolo452
6 ай бұрын
Chain rule
@NiTiNbRuH
6 ай бұрын
First principal 🗿
@Heramb_Pathak5879
6 ай бұрын
Haha @@NiTiNbRuH
Let's be honest. No student really wants to use the definition of derivative even before they learn the power rule. They do it because we insist that they use it.
The funny part is that the final step, with 2 and n canceled, is also doable with l'Hopital, in the end
@camilocastillo7245
6 ай бұрын
In that part is only a matter of solving the limit, as we got taught in pre-Calculus
@azizbekurmonov6278
6 ай бұрын
lol
@redpepper74
Ай бұрын
@@camilocastillo7245idk what was going on in your school but for me, limits were a part of calculus, not pre-calc
First time I encountered L'Hopital's Rule was in a test where the question said, "without using L'Hopital's Rule". I was like, "uh, cool...wasn't going to use that thing I've never heard of anyway, but now I wanna know what it is"
@BruttiF27
6 ай бұрын
Not knowing what L'Hôpital's rule is while at the same time being able to calculate limits is a power move. You have gained my respect.
@tigerlover7359
6 ай бұрын
@@BruttiF27to be fair, you’re introduced to limits in precalculus so it’s not necessarily a power move. I get your point though. This example you should know about it since you know derivatives before integrals.
@tobybartels8426
6 ай бұрын
I always put that instruction on my first quiz, over limits. Sometimes there's a student who's taken Calculus before, so I need to warn them away from it.
@stephenbeck7222
6 ай бұрын
@@tobybartels8426When I teach Calc BC to students that already did Calc AB (so they learned all of calculus 1 already but we are going back to the beginning for new topics), I tell them they can use L’Hospital but I’m going to be a very hard grader on justification of the rule and using limit notation properly. So most just choose to find the limits the traditional way.
@An-ht8so
5 ай бұрын
@@BruttiF27 Idk, l'H is only taught in a few countries anyway. It's a weaker and more complicated version of the Taylor-Yound theorem, which we learn right after highschool in France. I think learning learning l'hôpital's rule is a waste of time frankly.
I got 2/pi * sinh(1) using Fourier series
@carultch
4 ай бұрын
Can you find the Fourier series to the solution of y" + y = tan(x)?
@bebesquare
2 ай бұрын
o this is equivalent nice 👍
I remember michael penn doing a video about this topic and the example he gave is x/(x+sinx) as x->inf. This limit is 1 but using L’H rule will give you DNE. The full L’H rule is that the limit of f’(x)/g’(x) must exist first before we can conclude that the limit of f(x)/g(x) will be the same.
@tobybartels8426
6 ай бұрын
You mean _misusing_ L'Hôpital's Rule will give you DNE!
@isaacclark9825
4 ай бұрын
L'Hopital's rule does not give infinity for your example.
@Ninja20704
4 ай бұрын
@@isaacclark9825 I never said it did. If you try L’H rule you will get 1/(1+cosx) but as x->inf this limit is DNE
@davidlamas9236
Ай бұрын
This one's easy: you can just say that the range of sin is between -1 and 1, and say that as x -> infinity the sine term is irrelevant and you have x/x = 1
@Ninja20704
Ай бұрын
@@davidlamas9236 The more rigorous solution is to use the squeeze theorem but yeah that is the idea. But the point was that if you try to use LH rule since it is inf/inf, you get 1/(1+cosx) which will give you DNE as x-> inf. And in general, if you try to use LH rule and the limit you get after the differentiation is DNE, we cannot conclude anything about our original limit.
Solving a maths problem : 😔 Solving a maths problem with e or π : 😩 Solving a calculus problem with e or π : 😭😭
Great explanation 🙏🏻 I have to say that from the first video of yours that I watched it was clear that you are a great teacher, and I was impressed and satisfied with your presentation. I actually stumbled on one of your other channels, which led to another, at which point I decided to search bprp to see if there were more channels. That led me to this channel which appears to be your main, though I intend to search for more just in case, and want to check out the content you've been through on the channels I've found already. I've always had a love for math. Even as a child, before going to school, I would look at my older cousin's homework and try to solve her math equations, and even taught myself how to read and write. I would take every opportunity I could to absorb knowledge in a wide range of subjects, observe and analyze everything I saw, and to think about how things work and how they connect. I even managed to learn basic trigonometry in 3rd grade by accident while doodling in class, during "free time" of course. I never had access to higher education in school and unfortunately didn't do much on my own after school to learn more, but I've always been interested in learning more. There were many things I wasn't taught, simple and complex, due to transferring to several schools, often in the middle of a term. A video on your channel was actually the first time I've ever been shown long division and, as I mentioned previously, I never took the time or initiative to learn it on my own. I was already aware of the rest of the things you discussed in the video but just from your explanation of long division it made perfect sense to me and motivated me to look through more of your content because I'm eager to learn more about complex math, terminology, and formulas that I never learned. I tried to get my school to offer a calculus or trigonometry class but they declined saying there wouldn't be enough students participating. 4th or 5th grade was, unfortunately, the last time I actually learned anything at school, in the subject of math. While it made getting a good grade and high test scores easy, I lost my joy for math at some point. Unfortunately I never went to college, and can't afford to now, but that's never stopped me from seeking knowledge and learning from others. Again, I'm glad I found your channels and I'm grateful for your time and effort you spent into making these videos. You make things easy to understand and I even enjoyed seeing your lessons regarding the things I already knew. Many people are uninterested, impatient, or bored with math, maybe because they didn't have the right teacher or maybe they simply don't care or realize its value but, for the people who are interested in math for fun or for real situations, this content is invaluable. Thank you for what you're doing and I apologize, to whoever has made it this far, for the long comment. Keep up the great work, I look forward to seeing more of what you do 🙏🏻
This was really awesome. Thank you for doing this one. 🤩
Excellent approach and method, thank you 😁
That's a very nice problem illustrating the point. I'm going to try to remember it.
what a very very nice limit. please make another vedio about this kind of limits
really a good one bro!!!
Nice video. You can just do the average height of the square of area e-1/e. Since it has a length of pi, divide area by length to get height. The pi sectors are all the same, to get the area from 0 to x just do (e-1/e)/pi*x. Dividing by x in the limit, you get (e-1/e)/pi. Boom. Done.
wow! this was very sharp!
That was a crazy problem
You have to remember the definition of the derivative; find d/dx of (x^2)(sin (1/x)) at 0.
Alternate title, calculus teacher versus physics student
Hello do yo have any playlist of learning calculus of your videos , it would be very helpful if you share , and my stage is just a beginner need to know every possible thing .
very knowledgeable thanks
Neat. I'm wondering if the answer can be found by a different method. What about setting x = 1/u and finding the limit as u -> 0?
What a great question! I shall remember this!
Very nice, thanks !
it's just another Euler's identity (connecting e, pi and -1)! Awesome, dude!
@blackpenredpen
6 ай бұрын
Too bad there’s no i
@tobybartels8426
6 ай бұрын
@@blackpenredpen: Write the final answer as −2i/π×sin(i). (There's still an e in the original integral.)
Nice job!
Formula for integral 1/X power n + 1 dx with out complex
Hi I love your videos, I’m in math team in my high school and my calculus teacher doesn’t know how to solve this problem do you know how to? k= Σ of 3n/7^n, n=1 and the top of the sigma is infinity.
There another example: lim((x - sin(x))/x) when x->inf = 1 It is [inf/inf] but L'H gives us lim((1 - cos(x))/1) x->inf. It doesn't exist BUT its AVERAGE value is 1 too!
Very nice problem. Makes you think...
Was able to figure most of this out without even knowing what the hell l'hopitals rule is or most of what you used in the solution! I noticed that integral(f(x))/x is just the definition of 'the mean of f(x) from 0 to x', and with that as well as the knowledge that f(x) was cyclical I figured out that in the end the solution was just going to be whatever the mean of f(x) from 0 to π, or in other words 'the integral from 0 to π of f(x) divided by π'! Thing is I don't really know how to solve integrals outside of like using the power rule so I did have to use your calculation at 3:25, but that's really all I needed to figure out that the final solution was just (e - e⁻¹)/π :D
@tobybartels8426
6 ай бұрын
Good intuition! Being able to see things like this is more important than calculating the indefinite integral (which you could just put into Wolfram Alpha or something).
@epikherolol8189
6 ай бұрын
Are u a physics student? Coz the mean of function is kinda used more in physics than maths
@metalmint-1
6 ай бұрын
@@epikherolol8189 Well, sort of We're still pretty early on and we haven't taught any of that yet, it was just a neat fact I noticed while trying to find out the average acceleration of something for fun once
Mind blowing fr
Sir, I'm watching from Bangladesh 🇧🇩.
hey man whats up? Can you find x in this equalition? x^(x^2+2x+1)(x^2+2x+1)=(x^2+4x+4)? i saw that you solve hard math problems so i wanted to give you one.I would love to see that you solve this equaltion in one of your videos.
I was wondering a long time ago, what will happen when I limit k approach to infinity, and differentiate x to the power of 2k to the k derivative?
It's beautiful✨❤
The same limit but with ln|sin(t)| also works
Try to find the erf(sin(pi/2)+e-pi
Oh my gash, math looks very interesting, when I could understand or learn this? I just trying to figure it out!
Limit as x leads to 0 of xsin(1÷x) My brain: nah let's use l'hopital's rule
I never knew that you wrestled my calculus teacher….😊
Solve ∫ e^x^2 . Sin (x) dx
####### wow! Does this have anything to do with how you go from discrete Fourier to continuous? I never did understand how that step was possible. The integrals don't seem to converge in the continuous case!
But thats not enought to show that the limit exists. Isnt the definition of the limit of x->∞ that every sequence n->∞ has to converge. So its not enough by showing that one sequence converges?
I needed some time to figure that out but exp(+1) - exp(-1) = 2*sinh(1). Probably complex numbers are involved.
@riioze8952
6 ай бұрын
I think it's the def of sinh
@quantumgaming9180
5 ай бұрын
That's the definition of sinh(x) = (exp(x) - exp(-x))/2
This problem is so so cool
Instead of the alpha thing, I would replace the red n with n+1. [edit: rather, it's something between n and n+1. pain in the butt to write whether you use alpha or a flexible n or whatever, but anyone who understands limits will see that it immediately evaporates leaving just the n.]
A good instructive example. An improvement would be clearer justification of why derivative of integral does not exist.
@mathboy8188
6 ай бұрын
The derivative of the integral does exist. d/dx INT{ t=0 to t=x: | sin(t) e^cos(t) | dt } = | sin(x) e^cos(x) | = | sin(x) | e^cos(x). All you need is continuity on the closed interval of integration for FTC to apply, and f(t) = | sin(t) e^cos(t) | is continuous everywhere. Thus d/dx INT{ t=0 to t=x: f(t) dt = f(x). It's the limit as x goes to infinity of the derivative of the integral that doesn't exist. lim x--> infinity of d/dx INT{ t=0 to t=x: | sin(t) e^cos(t) | dt } = lim x--> infinity |sin(x)| e^cos(x) which doesn't exist.
@coshy2748
6 ай бұрын
I tried calculating the derivative of integral function, using definition of derivative, at points x = n*pi for n=1,2,3,.. and it does not exist. A condition of L'Hopital's Rule on f(x)/g(x) is functions f and g have derivative existing in the open interval 0 to infinity (in this case). There are an infinite number of points the derivative does not exist. Hence we cannot use L'Hopital's Rule.
@coshy2748
6 ай бұрын
I agree the derivative of the integral exists for x not an integral multiple of pi.
@mathboy8188
6 ай бұрын
@@coshy2748 No, the derivative of the INTEGRAL exists everywhere, including at x = n pi. You're thinking of the derivative of the function f(t) = | sin(t) e^cos(t) |, which does not exist at x = n pi. But the derivative of the function F(x) = INTEGRAL{ t=0 to t=x: f(t) dt } exists everywhere. In fact, F ' (x) = f(x), so F ' (n pi) = f(n pi) = | sin(n pi) e^cos(n pi) | = 0. Again, F ' (x) = f(x) is directly from the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, as f(t) is continuous everywhere.
to use LH rule u have to prove that the functions are smooth and continuous, top one obviously isnt
Does this problem only exist with x->infinity?
Sooooo we can't we use l hospital rule all the time
Please tell us you have a sponsorship deal with Expo dry erase pens! :)
sin(t) e^(cos(t)) is periodic -> the limit equals 1/(2pi) • integral of |sin(t)e^cos(t)|dt from 0 to 2pi. sin(t)e^(cos(t))dt=-d(cos(t))•e^(cos(t))=-e^(cos(t)) -> -e^(cos(pi))+e^(cos(0))-(-e^(cos(2pi))+e^(cos(pi))=2e-2/e. The limit is (2e-2/e)/(2pi)=(e-1/e)/pi.
@lakshya4876
2 ай бұрын
Is this computer science?
Thanks
Teacher: Don’t use L’hopital’s rule or else I’ll send you to Le Hospital.
Can you help me solve this question algebraically: How many real solutions does the equation 2^x+x=0 have? By the way I don't want to use the product log function. Please justıfy each step
@carultch
4 ай бұрын
To begin, we can rule out all positive values of x as real solutions, because 2^x is always greater than 1 for x>0, and x>0 is trivial. This implies that 2^x + x is always >=1, when x>=0. Next, what we can do, is show that the derivative is always positive. d/dx 2^x = ln(2)*2^x d/dx x = 1 d/dx (2^x + x) = ln(2)*2^x + 1 Observe that this function is continuous and differentiable at all real values of x, so there are no sudden changes in direction, not accounted-for by a derivative. Exponential functions are always positive, for all real inputs. ln(2) is also a positive number. This adds up to the derivative always being >=1, for all real values of x. This means that once the function crosses the x-axis, as x is decreasing, the function doesn't turn around to have a negative slope. A lack of a stationary point, and a lack of a negative derivative, means that the function is always decreasing as x decreases. This tells us that there is only one real value of x, where 2^x + x = 0. Finding the solution does require the product log function, but you can show that there is only one real solution without using product log.
you can make the area of the curve bigger and still prove it is zero by saying it is less than the integral of 1 since it oscillates between 0 and 1. edit: nvm, the ratio stays consistent so the final answer is a constant value other than 0.
(e² -1)/e(pi) Did that in my head, while listening to music.
How would you recommend going about learning integration from home? Up until expertise
How about the integral from 0 to infinity (x^-1)dx? I tried for so long and couldn’t find a way to solve it, however there definitely is a solution, according to Desmos
@Kassakohl
5 ай бұрын
Integral of 1/x is ln(x)+C but integrating from 0 to inf won't give you any actual results cuz ln(x) tends to infinity as x grows, and when approaching 0 it goes to -infinity. You might be misinterpreting desmos.
@danobro
5 ай бұрын
@@Kassakohl So are you saying this integral diverges?
@Kassakohl
5 ай бұрын
@@danobro yes
Ah yes, e raised to the cost power… but at what cost?
Please solve this integral: I(x)=e^(ax)tan^(bx). Thank You.
@akshatkachave108
6 ай бұрын
Is it some standard question or u just made it up?
@user-qj5dr8cm7q
6 ай бұрын
e^(ax)sin^(bx), e^(ax)cos^(bx) integral solution exists. So, why e^(ax)tan^(bx) don't exist??? I have tried many ways to solve this but I can't. But I need the solution of this problem. @@akshatkachave108
Sir your website is not working for example the question pdf link on 100 integral1-2 can you fix it plasss
Brother what brand markers do you use???
This is awesome
I have a question about a thing I saw in an older video of yours. In said video you stated that sqrt(-x)=1 has one solution, -1. This is correct, don't get me wrong, even Wolfram Alpha says so. However, why is it that when you do sqrt(-1)*sqrt(x)=1 and then you replace sqrt(-1) by i you get no solutions? Are we not supposed to do that?
@fahimnabeel606
6 ай бұрын
I dont get it. It should still give -1 right, i*sqrt(x)=1, so x =(1/i)² which is -1
@joaolemos4079
6 ай бұрын
@@fahimnabeel606 That is correct... Until you replace the x in the original equation to check: i*sqrt(-1)=1 i² = 1 -1=1, which is impossible. This is giving me a huge headache.
@goblin5003
6 ай бұрын
If you’re working with real numbers only, the rule sqrt(a*b)=sqrt(a)*sqrt(b) holds only for a and b being positive reals If you’re working with complex numbers, You can extend the rule Sqrt(a*b)=sqrt(a)*sqrt(b) If: •a and b are both positive reals •a and b are reals with opposite signs However, when a and b are both negative reals, this rule doesn’t hold anymore In your case, you tried to apply it with a=-1 and b=-1 which is why it leads to a contradiction It is said that in order to avoid this « mistake », we choose to write sqrt(-1) as i instead (so we don’t think of using properties of radical that don’t necessarily hold in the complex world)
@joaolemos4079
6 ай бұрын
@@goblin5003 yeah, that makes sense. The way I was thinking i couldn't exist because sqrt(-1), when squared results in -1 if you cancel the root with the square (correct way) but if you multiply both -1 in the roots, which you can technically do because of same exponent, you get sqrt(1) instead. Thank you for clearing my mind.
hello a question : There are two concentric circles with different radii. Lines (rays) drawn at a certain angle from the center intersect both circles at one and only one point. That is, for every point in the small circle intersected by the line, there is a point in the larger circle. but the outer circle is bigger!!!! how is it? Will some points in the outer circle remain empty?
@quantumgaming9180
5 ай бұрын
It is correct. There are as many points in the smaller circle as there are in the bigger circle. Another example is that there are as many real numbers between the interval (0,1) as there are in (1, infinity) because there is a bijection between the two sets ( i.e. f(x) = 1/x ) This amount of things is called the Continuum. It's the cardinal of the real numbers R (and also any interval in R) and since simple geometrical shapes are just bijections from an interval into the plan of course all shapes must have the same cardinal (i.e. amount of things)
@quantumgaming9180
5 ай бұрын
I forgot to mention why you might find this though experiment strange is that "amount of things" and "measurement" are different things when you want to make sense of things like these. Measure is an intuitive notions: the lenght of an interval should be the difference between it's endpoints( the lenght of the interval [2,5] is 5-2 = 3) or how the area of a unit square is 1x1 = 1. Not to confuse yourself thinking that any shape, as long as its got Continuum of points has lenght (perimeter)! A favorite weird example example of mine where measure and cardinality don't seem to match is Cantor's set: Take the unit interval [0,1] Remove the middle third of the interval and we are left with [0,1/3] U [2/3, 1] Repeat this, remove the middle parts of these guys and we get [0,1/9] U [2/9, 1/3] U [2/3, 7/9] U [8/9, 1] Repeat this process of removing thr middle ground of each smaller interval forever. Cantor's set is the limiting set you get after all of these. What's interesting about it? The cardinal(amount of elements in the set) is a Continuum(why? think about it), yet the measure(lenght of the set) is 0 since we keep removing thirds of the set again and again, the limit lenght of the set must be 0. So a Continuum set yet with lenght 0?! And there are even more weird such counter-examples to our normal intuition, if you are more interested in this search for "Measure theory", although I warn you it's not for the mathematicaly weak
Sin(inf)=?
[ ∞ = π/2 (8) ] Or [ ∞ = 90˚(8) ]
Doyle's constant for the potential energy of a Big Bounce event: 21.892876 Also known as e to the (e + 1/e) power. At the eth root of e, spaghettification of particles smaller than the black holes. Other than the relatively small amount of kinetic energy of black holes being flattened into dark matter, the only energy is potential energy, then: 1 (squared)/(e to the e power), dark matter singularities have formed and thus create "bubbles", leading to the Big Bang part of the Big Bounce event. My constant is the chronological ratio of these events. This ratio applies to potential energy over kinetic energy just before a Big Bang event.
@max1392
5 ай бұрын
that is definetly something i guess???
How is the top infinity?
Which of the following sequences could represent the impulse response of a stable discrete-time system? k^2 (-0.65)^k 2^k ksin(k)
I think it's super super cool,that's it.
I eyeballed it immediately lol
very cool
sir are you from japan or china?Or from other countries?
Can't you sub the absolute value bars for something equivalent like sqrt((x)^2)?
@BryanLu0
6 ай бұрын
L'Hopital still won't give you a answer
@bjornfeuerbacher5514
6 ай бұрын
The absolute value bars aren't the problem here. There problem is that the limit of f'/g' doesn't exist here, and that has nothing to do with the absolute value.
Pushing to the limit
Why don't we have the area n times?
Where did you find this problem?
How do we know that x is greater or equal to 2π? What if x is less than that?
@Nostale97
6 ай бұрын
X approaches infinity in the limit, so of course it's bigger than 2π. But even if it wasn't, the n of the expression can also be 0, thus the statement remains true.
@bekapis
6 ай бұрын
@@Nostale97 thanks alot
I can't write integration question in comment i want to give an image where should i upload sir? Thanks for teaching us sir ❤.
@carultch
4 ай бұрын
Look for a service like Imageshack, that lets you host images, and it will generate a link. Then post a link to it in the comment. You also can use standard in-line notation to provide the math expression. Use the up-carat (^) to indicate exponents, the asterisk (*) for multiply, the slash for division, the underscore (_) to indicate subscripts, and plenty of parentheses and brackets to clarify intent. You can type out the name of Greek letters, or go to Lexilogos and type them by typing Latin counterpart letters.
Calculus teacher always wins
I am from bangladesh and i love math🥰
Please solve/extend (x+y)^z (z is REAL)
if ln(xy) = ln(x) + ln(y) ln(-2) = ln(2) + i*pi ln(-1) = i*pi then why does ln(2) = ln(-1 * -2) = ln(-1) + ln(-2) = i*pi + ln(2) + i*pi =ln(2) + 2i*pi ln(2) = ln(2) + 2i*pi 0 = 2i*pi but 2 is not equal to zero, i is not equal to zero, and pi is not equal to zero
@tobybartels8426
6 ай бұрын
The rule ln(xy) = ln(x)+ln(y), much like the rule √(xy) = √x×√y, doesn't hold generally in the complex numbers. (You get mismatches across branch cuts.)
please say “divide top and bottom by n”, not “ignore this and that” next time when you have such kind of situations (or divide by n^2 or n^3 etc). it is way more understandable this way sorry for my bad English
What about the k at the end ? Oupsyy
lim (f(x)/g(x)) x->inf = [inf/inf] = lim((f(x)/x)/(g(x)/x)) x->inf = average(f'(inf)) / average(g'(inf)) Is it true? My conclusion make me dizzy a little bit.
Can you do tan(x)=i ?
@vascomanteigas9433
2 ай бұрын
Undefined. Arctan(i) and Arctan(-i) are branch points for which connect the branch cuts along the imaginary axis until infinity.
asnwer=sin 1x
Leibnitz theorem go brrr
Int [ | sin( t ) e^(cos ( t )| dt]= = - (1/sin ( t ) | sin ( t ) *e^(cos ( t )|+C 😅
Solve 200 linear equations challenge for you 😅 you must accept this
I am not sure why you even considered dropping the absolute value when applying the fundamental theorem of calculus. Of course you canNOT drop the absolute value. It is part of the function being integrated, so when you take the derivative, you obviously must have the absolute value. Where is the confusion? If you doubt the obvious, then just consider that f(x) = integral_0_x(abs(anything)) is a strictly increasing function for x>0. So it must be that f'(x) >= 0
Somehow, this doesn't make too much sense to me k isn't just some constant here, it's a function of x. Can we really just ignore it?
@violintegral
6 ай бұрын
Yes, because it's bounded
@Ninja20704
6 ай бұрын
It is bounded between 0 and e-1/e, so whatever it is, it is insignificant when n goes to infinity.
Hi brbp, good video! I have a two videos suggestions: • All solutions of the equation sqrt(x^x) = x^sqrt(x) • Any easy method to solve the integral 1/sqrt(2x^2 + 1) Ps: I wanted to see a solution other than the trigonometric sub, there is probably one with complexes or contour.
@bjornfeuerbacher5514
6 ай бұрын
I think the second one can be done in the usual way, by closing the contour with a halfcircle in the upper plane around the origin, with radius going to infinity.
@tobybartels8426
6 ай бұрын
You can definitely do the second one with complex numbers and partial fractions, although I'm not sure that it's really _easier_ like that.
@diamondnether90
6 ай бұрын
sqrt(x^x) = sqrt(x*x*x*x*x*…) [x times] = sqrt(x)*sqrt(x)*sqrt(x)*sqrt(x)*… [x times] = sqrt(x)^x sqrt(x^x) = x^sqrt(x) sqrt(x)^x = x^sqrt(x) Can’t be bothered right now, I’m tired
Actually, we can use integrate by parts
@eddiechew5249
Ай бұрын
Not sure is the answer same as someone present on the whiteboard😊
Wait what? Isn't the limit supposed to be non-existent?
Can you solve please (Cot^2 - 1)÷sin^2 for me
@bjornfeuerbacher5514
6 ай бұрын
Huh? One can only solve equations (or inequalities). You didn't provide an equation here. Your expression does not even include a variable!
@redtoxic8701
6 ай бұрын
@@bjornfeuerbacher5514he just needs it solved man