Broken Massager - Can I FIX it?

Тәжірибелік нұсқаулар және стиль

Hi, here we a Shiatsu Electric Kneading Massager with Heat by InvoSpa. It doesn't work. It sent in by Stuart from Infinite Bargains over on eBay www.ebay.co.uk/str/infiniteba...
When it was plugged in it produced a burning smell.
Can he be fixed to de-stress people well into the future?
Let's find out.
If you would like to support these videos, please click here / mymatevince
Remember that this is just for entertainment and I am not an expert in these repairs. The processes in the video may not be the best way, the correct way or the safest way to fix these things. I do love fault finding and trying to fix broken things, so I hope that comes across in this 'Trying to FIX' series. Many thanks, Vince.

Пікірлер: 199

  • @speedwaynutt
    @speedwaynutt Жыл бұрын

    One of my favorite things about My Mate Vince is you never know what he's going to try and fix

  • @johnlawrencedeanjd
    @johnlawrencedeanjd Жыл бұрын

    The bit at the end was brilliant . more please

  • @APSuk2
    @APSuk2 Жыл бұрын

    The skit at the end had me laughing, nice one Vince.

  • @itsadamoc
    @itsadamoc Жыл бұрын

    I’ve got one of these. They’re more painful than the original back pain 😂

  • @GadgetUK164
    @GadgetUK164 Жыл бұрын

    Fantastic job lol =D Loved the result and funny testing process at the end =D

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    😂 Cheers Gadget 😎

  • @Elektrotechniker

    @Elektrotechniker

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Mymatevince The circuit you got your hands on here is called a Full H-Bridge Driver! With those 2 complementary Mosfets it was instantly clear to me.

  • @roy2689
    @roy2689 Жыл бұрын

    may be the mosfet burned out because of the loading on the motor, so resting or pressing your head hard into the massage 'thingies' partially stalled the motor(s) and the rising current overloaded the mosfet(s)🤔

  • @Turbostork

    @Turbostork

    Жыл бұрын

    Think you are likely correct. I had one of these and it stopped working after excessive pressure that stalled the motor. I could smell burning too.

  • @BuyitFixit

    @BuyitFixit

    Жыл бұрын

    Yep, was thinking the exact same.

  • @cheapasstech

    @cheapasstech

    Жыл бұрын

    I would suggest the high resistance on the ‘loose’ head overloading the mosfet

  • @xzibit1978
    @xzibit1978 Жыл бұрын

    “I’ve got Cucumber in my eye” 😂😂 great job Vince.

  • @ajburdett882
    @ajburdett882 Жыл бұрын

    I suspect what may have happened is that screw that you found turned itself out from the turning of the motor, that side was then not making a very good connection, it was possibly connecting and disconnecting over and over and this caused a build up of current across the mosfet which caused that catastrophic failure. Great vid as always Vince!

  • @MultigrainKevinOs
    @MultigrainKevinOs Жыл бұрын

    I really enjoy these repairs on weird junk. It's fun to see how they work (if at all) and the repairs you figure out. The little skit at the end was the icing on the cake. thanks for a fun video Vince!

  • @MrMidnight2236
    @MrMidnight2236 Жыл бұрын

    Im really glad you went the copper tape route . Besides the wonky height issue , that was a beautifull trace repair . Deff much better then jumping it ... and while its true no one will ever see it most likely . Its nice to know you did it and you did it right ... and if anyone else ever did get into it the future im sure they would be impressed to see the great repair work that has been done previously . Plus its good practice . Side note ... you should get some sort of custom my mate vince soldering iron tip ... to brand the inside plastic of items your work on ... as a sort of signature incase one day someone does do a repair on something you have worked on ... would make for a cool little easter egg

  • @coctailrob
    @coctailrob Жыл бұрын

    Just thought - you could probably use the grinding pen to flatten the solder blobs on the copper strips. You did a good job, I’m impressed.

  • @DG-mi2mc
    @DG-mi2mc Жыл бұрын

    Cracked me up real good at the end there 🤣🤣 Your videos just keep getting better and better mate!! Absolutely Loving your work!!!

  • @dahger7
    @dahger7 Жыл бұрын

    Great job! Love your content and you've helped me have confidence trying to fix things like this.

  • @raysmancave1
    @raysmancave1 Жыл бұрын

    I was given something similar as a gift. Where the lights are, they were colour changing leds, the heat was geneated by overpowered resistors stuck on a circular aluminium heat sink. The plastic moving discs, were made of a gel like rubber. Used it once, now in the understairs cupboard amongst all of the other useless gadgets.

  • @onceagian
    @onceagian Жыл бұрын

    Must admit, even though I have been a huge fan of Vince for years, it was the list of problems and Jim's appearance that I instantly decided to join the patreon. Couldn't help, but laugh. Long Live Vince! Thank you for inspiring me to get into repair myself and I look forward to your future videos.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    🤣👍👍👍👍

  • @BuyitFixit
    @BuyitFixit Жыл бұрын

    Great Job Vince. Yes you are correct on how it works, it's called an H Bridge driver. Lol @ the Cucumber!

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Thanks Mick, I'll Google H Bridge driver so hopefully I will recognise it in the future 👍👍

  • @thomasjonsson2587
    @thomasjonsson2587 Жыл бұрын

    I love that you can see sparks under the plastic cover around 4:20 to 4:30 in :D

  • @seamusflan82

    @seamusflan82

    Жыл бұрын

    I was wondering why there was sparks at 4.30 as well

  • @VeggeMight

    @VeggeMight

    Жыл бұрын

    Vince is not very observant.

  • @nicolocatanese3477

    @nicolocatanese3477

    5 ай бұрын

    Bro it's a reflection

  • @micXfam
    @micXfam Жыл бұрын

    The funniest video by Vince by far! Will become a Patreon soon I hope!

  • @Falconurbex
    @Falconurbex Жыл бұрын

    Great video franklin those fish are gorgeous well done they are stunning thanks for sharing brother.

  • @BPantherPink
    @BPantherPink Жыл бұрын

    😂😂 That was really hilarious at the end...Bravo as usual, a very well executed repair indeed !! Loved it !!

  • @evilmissf
    @evilmissf Жыл бұрын

    So pleased I watched this, I have the exact same model, so if it goes wrong I know what's up with it lol 😆 I love mine x

  • @Nicpetelogan
    @Nicpetelogan11 ай бұрын

    I've had the same problem, with me both MOSFET blew. But strangely it works with no other features. Thanks for the video Vince, it's been a great help.

  • @dianeramakers3368
    @dianeramakers3368 Жыл бұрын

    Cool! I have the same one, but with a back cover. Now I know how to fix it. Mine still works.

  • @flokibyarian6832
    @flokibyarian6832 Жыл бұрын

    Love your videos!!!

  • @mickyparker3949
    @mickyparker39499 ай бұрын

    Vince good on you once again mate

  • @rfr653
    @rfr653 Жыл бұрын

    Good job mate 👍

  • @IamNotANumber
    @IamNotANumber Жыл бұрын

    Excellent fix. Love the end 🤣🤣🤣

  • @scottfirman
    @scottfirman Жыл бұрын

    All I can say is, your copper connections were much neater than any I have seen on other videos. Awesome job!

  • @SionynJones
    @SionynJones Жыл бұрын

    Didn't expect it to use MOSFETs to do the switching would of thought it would have had a cheepy micro or MCU. Interesting none the less well done Vince.

  • @309electronics5

    @309electronics5

    Жыл бұрын

    it does have a cheep padauk alike microcontroller thats the unmarked chip because it has a few modes

  • @andymouse
    @andymouse Жыл бұрын

    Good fun at the end !!....cheers.

  • @dazzypops
    @dazzypops Жыл бұрын

    "I've cut my cucumber too thick" -Vince, 2023

  • @UserUser-ww2nj
    @UserUser-ww2nj Жыл бұрын

    What are the advantages of trench MOSFET? Advantages of the trench design include 1) Lower ON resistance, 2) Smaller parasitic capacitance, and 3) Improved switching performance. One drawback, however, is reduced short-circuit tolerance due to the lower ON resistance. "reduced short-circuit tolerance " Screw drops out , short circuit , boom

  • @Rony_Hassan
    @Rony_Hassan Жыл бұрын

    Good video again 👍🏻

  • @Bacardibatman
    @Bacardibatman Жыл бұрын

    "The Thumbnails" agree 💯

  • @Oltheboll
    @Oltheboll Жыл бұрын

    Massager? Probably The most random thing you've fixed (Edit) Thanks For The Heart ❤️ Vince

  • @FunkleGaff
    @FunkleGaff Жыл бұрын

    I actually laughed at the end. Thanks for that. And you are right.... It IS a race to the bottom !

  • @JamesPotts
    @JamesPotts Жыл бұрын

    You're right about the n- and p- pairs. They make an h-bridge, which allows you to swap motor direction.

  • @JamesPotts

    @JamesPotts

    Жыл бұрын

    Not sure if Wikipedia links are allowed, but: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-bridge

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Thanks James👍👍

  • @TomMannCenturia
    @TomMannCenturia Жыл бұрын

    Genuinely chuckled out loud at the end skit🙂

  • @Golithir
    @Golithir Жыл бұрын

    A fix and amateur dramatics at the end, theres no end to your talents Vince! 😁

  • @ArreglandoCosas
    @ArreglandoCosas Жыл бұрын

    Hahahaha the acting at the end was next level Vince! Great fix!

  • @fatboy7276
    @fatboy7276 Жыл бұрын

    bought one of these recently heard they break often good to know how to fix it when it goes pop

  • @g.h.190
    @g.h.190 Жыл бұрын

    Got a foot massager with 'broken heating' for cheap. Heat is generated by a few light bulbs, and all was working fine. You cant expect a foot sauna when a 24V 2A power supply also has to run a high torque motor.

  • @cragiebaby
    @cragiebaby Жыл бұрын

    Loved the ending vince, Your a funny guy. You should start doing some vlogs :)

  • @josephneale10215
    @josephneale10215 Жыл бұрын

    nice fix

  • @uvgotredonu
    @uvgotredonu Жыл бұрын

    The sketch is the best

  • @TheSkaldenmettrunk
    @TheSkaldenmettrunk Жыл бұрын

    That was an interesting one with a funny end.

  • @GarthBeagle
    @GarthBeagle Жыл бұрын

    Hahaa love the ending 😂 And nice fix Vince 🤘

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Cheers Garth 👍

  • @0ButterBall
    @0ButterBall Жыл бұрын

    An excellent skit at the end! XD

  • @yadabub
    @yadabub Жыл бұрын

    A clean bevel tip is great for flattening solder joints. You can just drag it across the joint and it will collect any excess solder(within reason.)

  • @Saturnuria
    @Saturnuria Жыл бұрын

    I wonder what you’d have said, back when you were a telecoms engineer, if I’d told you that one day your job would involve being filmed, laying on your couch, talking to yourself with cucumbers in your eyes.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    I know!!!!! It worries me what I'll be doing in 10 years time!!!!

  • @davidc6459
    @davidc6459 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent 👍

  • @mrjsv4935
    @mrjsv4935 Жыл бұрын

    Nice fix, looks a bit heavy on the neck massaging though :P Might be better for shoulders or back? I've got Omron E3 Intense (HV-F021-EW) pain reliever but never used it, until now. Was inspired to test it the first time while watching this video :D It uses electrodes to "massage" muscles through the skin. Sometimes I have back pain so good to have this thing.

  • @Dylan-my2fe
    @Dylan-my2fe Жыл бұрын

    24:32 this is the reason I watch KZread this guy makes me laugh so much 😂😂

  • @MyRetroWatches
    @MyRetroWatches Жыл бұрын

    I’m missing the clowns finger mate 😂🖖

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    You git!!!! Be careful Mike otherwise I'll send you the pics before it was stitched🤮

  • @adrenna123
    @adrenna123 Жыл бұрын

    Nice save on the board..... I suspect that the bolt fell out of the head and shorted out the board. That amount of burnt material is indicative of a direct short circuit.

  • @dodgydruid
    @dodgydruid Жыл бұрын

    I'm building a cool project at the moment, I am converting a six grid watch display case I got from Lidl's to become a solar box so I can keep my solar and eco-drives charged up. Going to run a set of UV's facing pretty much aimed at the watch faces using LED strips (bought a shedload of different types including UV, colours and multicolour on rolls from Aliexpress a while back) and a power brick off of something broken and these rolls of LED's are cobs so all I have to do is supply power, all the resistance etc is built in. The power brick I am going to use is actually a variable output, I am prob going to put a row of warm white to "backlight" the watches and if that looks good I will prob do the other display cases. I am also going to do something similar but using QI pads from Aliexpress to charge my Kinetics up, going to see if the solar bit works first.

  • @diarmaidok
    @diarmaidok Жыл бұрын

    I was expecting the adhesive in the copper tape to melt off as soon as you put the heat on to it.

  • @PlanetRuncorn
    @PlanetRuncorn Жыл бұрын

    Great fix, i have one myself and are good, but you do know your suppose to put your arms . forearms / through the wings and put it on your neck while sitting upright , ... try it you might like it ..

  • @Tim_3100
    @Tim_3100 Жыл бұрын

    Ooh new trying to fix video

  • @ruikazane5123
    @ruikazane5123 Жыл бұрын

    Can't believe the heaters are light bulbs...well... Complementary transistors are pairs of opposite polarity, mostly used on class A/B and B amplifiers. How they are used on the motor drive is known as an H-bridge. Used for motor directional control indeed! "trench" in transistors is the manufacturing process. There is an actual trench on the silicon! Done mainly for more surface area.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Thanks Rui👍

  • @P5YcHoKiLLa
    @P5YcHoKiLLa Жыл бұрын

    7:00 I would've thought there'd be one for each motor because someone had disassembled one motor so it was likely the mosfet for that side, the 3rd one is likely the heater

  • @charlesdeens8927
    @charlesdeens8927 Жыл бұрын

    I hope your massage proved to be therapeutic. It did for me, since it had me lmao. What a kick in the teeth. You save thousands repairing your dream car, only to give it to insurance companies. I'd just insurance for three months out of the year, during the summer.

  • @dangriggs617
    @dangriggs617 Жыл бұрын

    you do comedy too! who know?. thanks for another great video.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    😂

  • @Dennis-wj2ff
    @Dennis-wj2ff Жыл бұрын

    i think theres some pretty cool static electricity making sparks like mini lightings at around 4:28-4:32

  • @coolissimo69
    @coolissimo69 Жыл бұрын

    What you can ask on a Chill Weekend than watch a Vince's video fixing a massager. I chuckle with the weird bras remark.

  • @marcellipovsky8222
    @marcellipovsky8222 Жыл бұрын

    Yet another win for My Mate Vince! BTW have you noticed the flashes when you moved the massager around? I'll send you the screenshots. Oh and BTW, I believe you have to use this one in the sitting position, not lying on it 😁😁😁 and NO, not sitting ON it 😀Just put it around your neck while sitting.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    I didn't notice whilst editing but just watched it back now. I do have 2 powerful studio lights shining down, one behind my right shoulder and one to the front left of me. I think the plastic must have been slightly shinier on some bits or maybe not perfectly flat and it just reflected the studio lights when I moved it. Well spotted though Marcel. I do like the idea of sitting full weight on it and seeing how the long the motors or Mosfets would last, could be a revisit video 😂👍👍👍

  • @marcellipovsky8222

    @marcellipovsky8222

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Mymatevince Hahaha, calling it "Pain in the butt" 🤣🤣🤣

  • @VampyRagDoll
    @VampyRagDoll Жыл бұрын

    That ending though 🤣

  • @Lucien86
    @Lucien86 Жыл бұрын

    Pretty much from the moment you got it open I was pretty sure I knew what had caused it.. Probably one of the rotors stalled, stalling the motor. That caused an over current and the overheat. The loose screw is definitely a suspicious candidate in stalling the rotor.

  • @MikeK-NIreland
    @MikeK-NIreland Жыл бұрын

    Lol Vince you should have used Teabags. Mick 😂😂

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Haha...Next time Mick. I'm booked in again on the 22nd March😎

  • @MikeK-NIreland

    @MikeK-NIreland

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Mymatevince 😂

  • @khaz606
    @khaz606 Жыл бұрын

    I was thinking it reminded of one of the machines they would use as a joke on Are You Being Served ? to sell bra's :).

  • @miamcc123
    @miamcc1236 ай бұрын

    I've the same massager and it keeps cutting out every time I try to apply pressure - was hoping the video might give an idea, so not sure if it was the pressure point related?

  • @davidsmith-ih2kk
    @davidsmith-ih2kk Жыл бұрын

    Vince I have never seen anything that came apart so easily for fixing, what a brilliantly designed device. One zip and all the intricacies of the device are revealed for fixing just wonderful. Did my eyes deceive me or did I see something shorting out when you moved the device.?? I have to ask though doesn't the heat come out of that other plastic cover the one with the slots in it, it looks like a heating element underneath it?? Just a thought. To be honest it looks like a peltier chip or some other heating device underneath it, well it looks shiny anyway.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Really easy to take apart, the easiest thing yet! I think that was some weird reflection of light because I have a big studio light shining right down on it. Unfortunately it is just the incandescent lights giving out the heat or should I say giving out a glow😂

  • @anthonyg4671
    @anthonyg4671 Жыл бұрын

    it was only a matter of time before plot was lost and that time as come🤪

  • @shaunewing8973
    @shaunewing897310 ай бұрын

    love it haha too much pain haha

  • @UltimatelyEverything
    @UltimatelyEverything Жыл бұрын

    I laughed at the end that was entertaining 😂😂😂😂

  • @elliotgreenberg6612
    @elliotgreenberg66126 ай бұрын

    Hey, I have the same device. Newer version, since it was bought new in the last year. It has stopped turning on. I have confirmed the power is getting through the fuse on the board, and there are no obvious burned out components or solder joints on the main PCB or switch-board. Any ideas?

  • @dbmaster46446
    @dbmaster46446 Жыл бұрын

    cant see it somewhere but these 4 mosfets creats an H-bridge to controll the motor like you said

  • @mhavock

    @mhavock

    Жыл бұрын

    seems like it, the chip version has 2 on each chip

  • @telboy007
    @telboy007 Жыл бұрын

    Those things are a pain (in the neck.... i don't apologise), we had one and one of the wires carrying power was just in the wrong place and kept getting pulled out of the solder. I even put an extension on the wire to no effect, same breakage kept happening. So annoying as its really good.

  • @canalboating
    @canalboating Жыл бұрын

    Great ending 🤣

  • @Undermeman
    @Undermeman Жыл бұрын

    Dinner and a show, who would have guessed...lol

  • @YesMir
    @YesMir Жыл бұрын

    I bought one of these on Amazon, I then spent £500 on Osteopath appointments recovering from it.

  • @CannibalShadow
    @CannibalShadow Жыл бұрын

    That ending 😂😂

  • @ddwedd8667
    @ddwedd8667Ай бұрын

    How do you charge it the charger doesn't plug in unless you push on it as hard as possible?

  • @makedaevilmage
    @makedaevilmage Жыл бұрын

    I knead to get me one of those.

  • @brentpolk2431
    @brentpolk2431 Жыл бұрын

    You should call the 20+ minute videos "Fuse repair Shorts"

  • @theshemullet
    @theshemullet Жыл бұрын

    If the MOSFET was the same as the other on the board. Would it have been easier to just see where the 2nd chips legs went to, when trying to work out the tracks that were missing? I would think it was connected to the same value resistors and such or was it setup differently?

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Good question, I don't know. It was probably very similar if not the same 👍👍

  • @theshemullet

    @theshemullet

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Mymatevince oh good. Means my thinking is not insane :)

  • @Falconurbex
    @Falconurbex Жыл бұрын

    Ive got 1 of them and they hurt at 1st but u get use to it haha

  • @iainoram5288
    @iainoram5288 Жыл бұрын

    If its an infrared heat, they usually take a while to heat up.

  • @Popeyes66
    @Popeyes66 Жыл бұрын

    I wouldn't have tested that on myself Vince. The previous owner might have been Diane Abbott.

  • @defiantgsxr
    @defiantgsxr Жыл бұрын

    Sweet

  • @fouroakfarm
    @fouroakfarm Жыл бұрын

    My guess is that the motors were stopped from turning by force and strained and overloaded the circuit and blew the chip

  • @yadabub

    @yadabub

    Жыл бұрын

    The screw falling out could have caused that head to move off centre and bind up.

  • @wisher21uk
    @wisher21uk Жыл бұрын

    Don’t you start your malicious accusations I was no where near your face let alone your eyes, it was one of my kids you cut up 😊 Brilliant fix Vince, something else saved from the landfill well done mate.

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Hahahahaha 😂😂😂😂

  • @wisher21uk

    @wisher21uk

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Mymatevince lol

  • @susanmcmaster7894
    @susanmcmaster7894 Жыл бұрын

    Hi Vince have you had a Ninja A400 apart yet ...the baskets i can clean but if i turn my air fryer upside down all around the element is getting spotted with brown ive tried a tooth brush ...scouring pad etc but the element is in the way im tempted to unscrew the element but chicken out as the air fryer was expensive i dont want to ruin it ....its a big design fault any ideas 😊

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Sorry, not yet Susan, but I nearly bid on a Ninja Air Fryer just before Christmas over on eBay as I want to try homemade chips!!!! I can't remember the model number. I'll check eBay again now for a faulty one as I think it could be fun seeing the insides of one 👍👍👍

  • @susanmcmaster7894

    @susanmcmaster7894

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Mymatevince mine does brilliant chips and chicken is lush cheers i will keep watching 😊

  • @Shooting_With_A_Lens
    @Shooting_With_A_Lens Жыл бұрын

    Hi Vince I've got a iMac 21.5 2015 4k here with no power. I upgraded the hard drive to a SSD and 1 week later it wouldn't switch on... I have decided to go back to windows now so would you like this iMac for a video and maybe one of your kids can use it after... the board gets power but i am assuming it's something to do with the power switch... enjoying the videos :)

  • @Mymatevince

    @Mymatevince

    Жыл бұрын

    Thanks Alex, I haven't tried an iMac on the channel yet, but I think you would be able to sell that on eBay quite easily. I'd feel guilty accepting it 👍👍👍

  • @Shooting_With_A_Lens

    @Shooting_With_A_Lens

    Жыл бұрын

    @My Mate VINCE I got given it so I'm not bothered about money I would just like to see you try and fix it

  • @irvandtammywoodward1011
    @irvandtammywoodward1011 Жыл бұрын

    The end is 🤣🤣🤣

  • @acswales
    @acswales Жыл бұрын

    Hi Vince. I 'think' the chips you replaced are programable. I think that it what makes the massager, stop and then change direction. I'm sure someone will tell me if I am wrong. GREAT content. Thanks for all the hard work.

  • @309electronics5

    @309electronics5

    Жыл бұрын

    those chips are mosfets and dont have any memory they are just transistors nothing more

  • @cardrac6421
    @cardrac6421 Жыл бұрын

    Every say it with me, Poor Jim

  • @adredy
    @adredy Жыл бұрын

    Mate Vince :)

  • @meetoo594
    @meetoo594 Жыл бұрын

    I have a very similar one but it doesn't have the straps. Bought it from Lidl to ease a strained muscle in my neck and it actually made it worse although it felt kinda nice. My neck made clicking sounds when moving my head around for about an hour after using the thing and it didnt fix anything pain wise. Absolute waste of money.

  • @DumahBrazorf
    @DumahBrazorf Жыл бұрын

    I have one of another brand, another color, exactly the same. The heating is a joke, it's obvious when you realize is powered by a 30W wall thingy. I think mine has leds instead of the incantescent bulbs, it's more the heat from the rubbing than from them.

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