What life lessons can we learn from Braess's paradox?

@benadians1769

5 жыл бұрын

Humans suck

@AutoFirePad

5 жыл бұрын

Human societies have limitations.We're not bees nor ants. There is always selfishness.

@gaurangagarwal3243

5 жыл бұрын

The whole mind of central system of car AI lies in the mind of dog

@NetAndyCz

5 жыл бұрын

Networks are complicated and unintuitive. Especially when the individual parts are not equal. And that you should be careful how you build your network so you do not inadvertently replace parallel setup with a series with lower throughput.

@landspide

5 жыл бұрын

A little bit of random goes a long way to shorten the way!

it always makes me chuckle when solutions to traffic problems basically end up reinventing some form of public transportation

@deus_ex_machina_

Жыл бұрын

😅 I just came from Yet Another Urbanist's video on the Braess Paradox.

@rawmilkmike

8 ай бұрын

This is very retarded. Some one must have changed the definition of Braess's Paradox. Someone who clearly doesn't understand traffic engineering.

I teach this paradox as an introduction to game theory-on the first day of class, I get the students to recreate it (letting them discover the paradox for themselves, arising out of their own decisions!). It works really well, and it's also a nice way to introduce students to one of the fundamental ideas of game theory, namely, making choices in an environment where other people's choices affect you.

@yongmrchen

Жыл бұрын

I think the best example to INTRODUCE game theory is always the Prisoner’s Dilemma because it requires the least number of assomptions to obtain the same and most generic conclusion. In Braess’s Paradox, in addition to people behaving independently in a self-interested way, you need to assume the fixed number of drivers and the time spent on each leg of the road network and also the topology of the network, to some extent.

@user-ld6dz2pm4l

9 ай бұрын

Teachers like you are the teachers we need.

So many hours that I spent on that Chyung-gye highway in my dad’s car when I was a kid due to the everyday route from my school to his work places and home. After the highway gone, the traffic indeed improved. And thanks to this video now I know why!

Your example with the strings and springs and the analogy with the roads was utterly fascinating, such an excellent way to explain the concept.

"No one in New York drove, there was too much traffic" - Fry.

@harrymills2770

5 жыл бұрын

Nobody goes to that club, any more. It's too crowded.

@ericbedenbaugh7085

5 жыл бұрын

@@harrymills2770 Yogi Berra !!!! "A nickel aint worth a dime any more."

@ericbedenbaugh7085

3 жыл бұрын

He's paraphrasing Yogi Berra, when asked about a certain restaurant replied, "No one goes there anymore, it's too crowded."

@ericbedenbaugh7085

3 жыл бұрын

@Agent J "When you get to the fork in the road, take it."

@goodchessactor

3 жыл бұрын

I went to a crowded casino. I was lucky to get in.

That spring+string demo blew my mind.

@SomeOtherMikey

5 жыл бұрын

For real! I'm usually a passive viewer of media, but when she released the spring, I was that annoying guy in the theater yelling at the screen, all "WHAAAAAAAAT!?"

@fzigunov

5 жыл бұрын

Spring theory!

@SykoSparx

5 жыл бұрын

Given the fact that we saw unnecessary connections burdened the system, I assumed the fact that they were connected meant all the strings were doing was not pulling their weight while adding their weight. It seemed kinda natural that they would rise given all this but I definitely could see how someone would think they would fall and my thought process was likely flawed anyways because it seemed to have more to do with the springs being able to divide the weight and less to do with the strings pulling any weight.

@skynet4496

5 жыл бұрын

But string theory is just a hypothesis, this is a real theory- testable lol

@JimGiant

5 жыл бұрын

Intuitively I'd have said it went down but realising it was a trick question guessed up. Took a good 5 minutes to figure out why though.It's amazing that such a simple system is so unintuative.

8:05 Assuming a linear spring constant and perfectly inelastic ropes with equal amounts of slack, the weight will rise if the system satisfies this equation: s where s is the slack in each rope, m is the mass of the bottle (in kg), and k is the sprint constant

@nikilmanu334

Жыл бұрын

Yeah i found the same. I did the classical physics equations and thought she would say all three are possible and it would depend on the parameters of the system like spring constant and weight and length difference of strings and spring. But i was sad. The same happens in my exams aswell they ask you to assume things.

Very good explanation/illustration of Braess’ . (i had not know about the Korean highway) - The practical issue for traffic engineers is that the initial west-east road network made things very arduous for the people traveling north-south. That connector made things very nice for people living at midpoint south the get to midpoint north. Also mention that the illustrated road network was simplex (one-way at any given time - often done on bridges tollways). Kudos to you and roborace for raising awareness!

This is probably the most underrated channel. Every video is thought provoking and super well explained.

@reyadsalahin1101

3 жыл бұрын

Unfortunately, that’s the reason why it’s underrated.

@hussainismail2080

3 жыл бұрын

Yes, it is entirely scripted like she has written every sentence of this video 😅

@rjcalara4174

3 жыл бұрын

I find the video very interesting. I learned a lot today.

@guetali

3 жыл бұрын

absolutely agree ...

@Frankyboy2424

2 жыл бұрын

Not to forget that amazing work of animation

16:26 "your natural state often isn't your most efficient state" with visual lmao. Nice work miss Up and Atom.

@greensteve9307

5 жыл бұрын

*Jade

@Adraria8

5 жыл бұрын

Basically what she’s trying to tell us is to take drugs

@josephgerman2674

4 жыл бұрын

Technically, the laying down picture is more efficient. She's not wasting any energy. If she gains weight being couch potato, that's because she's conserving energy. Bears waste energy hunting to get fat, then they hibernate and switch to an extremely efficient energy state, where they can survive for long periods of time on less energy.

@josephgerman2674

3 жыл бұрын

@@_Egon If a car can go longer with less energy, it's necessarily more efficient. Efficiency is just a ratio of useful output divided by total input.

@sdgathman

3 жыл бұрын

​@@josephgerman2674 "There is nothing so useless as doing efficiently that which should not be done at all." - Peter Drucker "I do only what I see my Father in Heaven doing." - Jesus

Man, I thought the bottle would stay in place, as the strings and springs compensate for each other. Figured the height of the bottle was immutable equilibrium itself. Fascinating twist! I was never great at STEM but I just found your channel and you make it so digestible. Subbed :3

Found this channel recently and being enjoying content. But gotta admit wasmore excited for a second with this one as read it as the Braless Paradox.

For those that might not be convinced this video is about an actual paradox, Braess yourself.

@louisng114

5 жыл бұрын

That spring/string demonstration really raises the bar for the next video.

@HerbertLandei

5 жыл бұрын

Math puns are the first sine of madness...

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

It's a lie.. x/100 road must be equal to or greater than the 45min road NECESSARILY.

@AugustinSteven

5 жыл бұрын

Didn't she say that it wasn't actually a paradox.

@SykoSparx

5 жыл бұрын

@@AugustinSteven What if that's the paradox?

Using the spring/string model is an ingenious way to model this phenomenon! Great work on this vid

I absolutely love, love, love your videos!!! Science can sometimes be very confusing to me, but you break it down in easy to digest steps, keep up the wonderful work.

I wish I had discovered your channel sooner. Your video's are very brilliant, and you have blown my mind several times. Thank you, and please keep up the good work.

One important thing that we can learn is that one choice that gives us a very small gain, such as saving 2-3 minutes on an hour drive can have a larger impact on more people, such as causing 50 people to lose 5 minutes. Also, even before we are in fully autonomous cars, apps like Waze already use collective intelligence to improve the entire system. Even with a small percentage of driver's acting as a sensor network, Waze is pretty good at predicting slowdown and mitigating it by redirecting drivers to alternate routes. It regularly chooses different routes home from work that have similar times and distances. I've noticed that when I ignore the chosen route and choose the more commonly used high efficiency route, I fairly regularly end up in congestion with all of the other drivers who are also choosing the route that is more efficient at times that there are less travelers. Thank you for this video (and all of your videos!) It is very insightful and you always present things in a very interesting and engaging way!

@Liam-qr7zn

5 жыл бұрын

I was thinking about Waze while watching the video, but I doubt it can be a solution to Braess's paradox since it always tries to determine the fastest route for each user. Therefore the introduction of Waze may even have contributed to Braess's paradox, even if it may have had other effects that have reduced traffic congestion overall. Changing Waze to reduce Braess's paradox by giving users routes that are optimal for the system rather than for the individual user would be a hard sell since then people who don't use Waze would have a comparative advantage, especially if they use a competitor's product that behaves the way Waze does now. Or users will just start using Waze to check alternative routes and select for themselves the fastest route before each drive. Not only will that not effect a reduction in Waze's paradox, it'll only incur hassle for the user which will make competing products more attractive. Even if Waze can reduce Braess's paradox, therefore, it'll be at the cost of a loss of users, while those who are actually following Waze's recommended routes will probably be those who don't realize they are at a comparative disadvantage, even though it is their actions that are improving the system for everyone. The only hope is for Waze to lie about the driving times it displays to users and hope people don't notice that using a competing product gives them faster drives.  All this is a bit of a bummer to me as I thought I was improving traffic for everyone by using Waze since I was reducing traffic on congested roads and making use of underutilized roads, when in fact in some cases I may have been making things worse for everyone.

I knew about the phenomenon in traffic but I've never seen a physical example! Very cool!

Educational/informative way to present scientific principles and paradoxes. Plus, you made it fun to watch with graphics, demonstrations, and thought provoking questions. Great channel. Will definitely keep watching more.

Fantastic video in so many ways! including great progression from introducing a new concept to demonstrating to current implications! You're terrific. Thanks!

Kudos for the spring-string anology !

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

It's a lie.. x/100 road must be equal to or greater than the 45min road NECESSARILY.

@martiddy

5 жыл бұрын

This is why her videos are so awesome, she always shows simple but effective analogies that are easy to understand the topic.

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

@@martiddy ineffective and incomparable..

@jackjohnson493

4 жыл бұрын

The strings were carefully chosen to be just slightly longer than the stretched springs. If the strings were arbitrarily long, this demo would not have worked.

@metalzonemt-2

4 жыл бұрын

@@jackjohnson493 Why would they pick arbitary long strings, since they are based on the lenght of the roads?

"catastrophically terrible consequences" switching to happy face was great

When the video got to the point of disconnecting the two springs you got a new subscriber :) Excellent job (the whole video, not just the springs) of explaining Braess's paradox. It is very subtle and it will take me time to begin seeing its impact on my daily world. As for traffic, I live near Washington DC. One of the worst traffic areas in the US.

Smarter every day tweeted your traffic video and now I'm subbed.

The animation is so good! You explain more complicated concepts than any other channel I watch regularly but you do it so well & clearly. I had never heard of Braess. I couldn't tell if the magician's hands were you or a professional, such expert mysterious movements ;p

@MedlifeCrisis

5 жыл бұрын

Also like 80% sure your backing track has been in a Hindi movie

@upandatom

5 жыл бұрын

I was practising those hand movements for hours I'm glad it paid off.

The string + spring experiment made me click the notification bell.

I love your video's! They are so well explained and thought out. Really awesome!

Brilliant stuff! Thank you. So nice to come across things like this that you weren't aware of. I've subbed.

@ 10:30 the analogy was amazing and very clear.

@davidhand9721

5 жыл бұрын

Really? My choices aren't made by massive bodies universally attracting each other with an inverse square law. It's more like weighing the comparative values of outcomes. If I contribute to a Braes paradox, that means I have made the mistake of valuing my own short-term gain greater than others, that I am more important than other people, which is selfish and illogical, and I should feel guilty about it.

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

It's a lie.. x/100 road must be equal to or greater than the 45min road NECESSARILY. @4:00

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

Spring analogy was bad... The road doesn't shrink (spring pulling)...

@deandeann1541

5 жыл бұрын

The analogy wasn't really about springs, it was about equalibrium points.

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

@@deandeann1541 no it isn't.. equilibrium, yes, points, no.

Absolutely everything I’ve seen on this channel is absolutely amazing! Keep up the great work!

I came here from Steve Mould’s very short video on the same subject (made in 2021) and found a great video and new channel to subscribe to. Great vid and I really like the cheery yet quite dark not at the end. Brilliant! 😁

What a beautiful example of strings and springs. Loved it!!! Thank you

The springs and strings system was amazing. WE ALL LOVE YOU A LITTLE MORE NOW. THanks !!

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

Roads don't spring... stupid analogy..

@cesalonsomulder1990

5 жыл бұрын

@@Alexa-Raine but springs have a recovery force that you can suppose it grows proportional to x like the small road they pretend to mimic

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

@@cesalonsomulder1990 Ces Alonso Mulder The recovery force of a spring doesn't compare to the x in ×/100.. It's the 100.. The more backed up a road gets, the more tension, the more it stretches a spring. The higher the resistance of the spring means a higher available recovery force and less stretch on the spring, so more cars feasibly. It's wrong.. just pretend it's wrong and prove that, if you can. You can. That's called science.

@cesalonsomulder1990

5 жыл бұрын

@@Alexa-Raine I think that what you say is not very accurate with the model. If you suppose the mass that is hanging proportional to 1/× , I mean , proportional to the inverse of the cars that drive by the narrow and wide roads everyrhing fit. The law of springs is linear and likewise the road's law is as well, but they are not lineal in x

Dude! That spring string demo was fascinating!

Well that was just brilliant. I loved every moment of this fascinating presentation.

As always awesome graphics and excellent explanations!

I think linking the 2 lanes would make sense with ever growing traffic load. After 4500 cars, the equilibrium switches since the fastest route is to take the highway but it's only after 9000 cars that the linked configuration is more interesting than the 2 separate lanes.

@MakakunaruLoco

5 жыл бұрын

Good catch.

@NONARCS

3 жыл бұрын

Without a doubt the issue with braess is the ever changing demand. Removing an option creates absolute havoc when their is an accident on any of the two highways. These traffic issues are more complicated, and could be better delay with by looking at the funnels at the start and end, why people are driving at the same time instead of spacing out the time and finally why they need to travel at all. You could end most traffic jams and save the planet by switching to telecommuting. Would cost very little and all the highways could be left where they are

Thank you for all the effort you put into your videos!! This was amazing, I learnt so much! 💕

@Alexa-Raine

5 жыл бұрын

It's a lie.. x/100 road must be equal to or greater than the 45min road NECESSARILY.

Well well, good job. Your videos are getting better and better. This was very interesting for a topic I would have never considered as such.

Here from Steve Mould who has also made a video on this and he pointed out you did yours first so thought only fair to check it out.

This is an exceptional educational video-probably the best I've seen on this channel so far! Keep up the great work!

For me, a visceral understanding of this paradox came from looking at the center of the string/spring setup at 9:03 and imagining what would happen if a force pulling the two visible center spring ends towards each other were applied. Once I realized that the lower end of the left spring would have to move down, I could see that the weight at the bottom would be free to move down as well (since the left string would be moving down and, because the situation is symmetrical, the right spring would be stretching as much as the left spring).

@ShayerSUtsho

2 жыл бұрын

Why is this comment so underrated

"...one interesting avenue researchers are exploring..." CLEVER. I see what you did there. 14:09. LOL!

That moment when your sponsor promotion is as interesting as the rest of the video

Your videos continue to be some of the best science content on KZread. Thank you for sharing your talent for explanations with us.

Fascinating! I didn't want the video to end ... bravissima!

I love your string-spring setup. That is very cool. Right - the non-stretching string is analogous to the fixed-time number-of-car-independent half of the route from A to B, while the stretchy spring is analogous to the time-varies-with-#-cars half of each route. A+!

That's monkey was so lit. Also such an novel and awesome video. Also the idea of using network theory to road is so compelling and those happen now.

Basically, when you're driving on a road, you become a fluid particle

@Verrisin

5 жыл бұрын

Except, those will just go wherever is the least pressure, I think. Cars can go in any direction they think works...

@MakakunaruLoco

5 жыл бұрын

@@Verrisin In other words, the perceived least pressure.

@Verrisin

5 жыл бұрын

@@MakakunaruLoco Well, no. I will not go to some random direction. I travel towards a destination. All fluid particles have the same idea where they want to go. Not the case with cars and people. "direction they think works" - By that I meant, a direction they think is sensible for eventually arriving where they want to. Sometimes you go in the opposite direction for a little bit, hence it's not just always 'in the direction towards destination' ... but yeah.

@SykoSparx

5 жыл бұрын

@@Verrisin I constantly make wrong turns when I let my directional system go into auto pilot.

@MakakunaruLoco

5 жыл бұрын

@@Verrisin very true. Particles just go wherever they have less energy or are stabler or something. Sometimes we do that in a total different way.

Awesome explanation and practical example! Loved it!

love love love the video. The sping demo was mind-blowing

This was so didatic and well researched (and interesting)! Great job Jade 😉

Brilliant analogies in the second half, very insightful, I was super impressed 😊

came here from Steve Mould's recommendation and now I'm hooked....thanks for your great work

I do love that Braess' Monkey. The spring-string demo thing was a great way to explain it too! Also the terrifying yet endearing confrontation of life's catastrophic ineptitudes! :D

Thank you for the awesome video, 17 minutes well spent. Looking forward to the next video.

@gab.lab.martins

5 жыл бұрын

Didn't even realise it lasted 17min.

Lovely explanation. Cool illustrations; Even cooler demo. Wish I could give you more than one thumbs up.

Lovely explanation of a truly fascinating topic!

omg i love your analogies,brilliant!

Honestly though this Paradox makes me anxious about my life choices lol

@chrisreynolds6391

3 жыл бұрын

It explains why some cultures have arranged marriages. Many peoples choices are worse than statistical chance.

@SurajNayak007

3 жыл бұрын

@@chrisreynolds6391 bruh 😆😆😆

@bored_person

3 жыл бұрын

@@chrisreynolds6391 what a horrible justification.

This video was amazing! Very high quality content, I'm really impressed! Thank you for explaining this to me in a way that made it easy to understand. 😁

Honestly I love how interesting you make your videos...Anybody can watch your videos

The whole focus on Paradox is just a cool-set up for Roborace Ad. An intelligent 17 min advertisement. Good job!

Fascinating but I think this is where theory and reality divide. In reality, it wouldn't be that everybody @5:00 would take upper road and then switch to lower road. What would actually happen is 70-80% would start on lower road and switch to upper road where there is maximum throughput at all times. The remaining 20-30% would equalize the upper-to-lower route due to lack of traffic. A theorist might be tempted to say “Let's assume Braess Rd is a one way.” but again, this isn't theory. In reality you'd be a fool to build a one way road in this configuration. Theory is nice but short of going to some extreme like a Tesla Valve (AKA, valvular conduit) I'm struggling to imagine a real-world situation where one could reduce flow by adding more paths for the cars/water/electrons to flow through. I'd be interested in seeing you collaborate with either Physics Girl, Smarter Every Day or King of Random to test a functioning model of this. Say, start with a tub of water with connecting pipes of different diameters. Then throw a valve and see what happens.

@mack_wei

4 жыл бұрын

My thoughts the same thing why the video didn't trace the maximum throughput path of lower to upper if the travel times are constant? Also, real life applications have car pools and tolls to extract more dollars for high cost areas for elites (private communities) rather than make more sensible urban planning projects to maximize public good.

@13ninjapirate

4 жыл бұрын

Thankyou! It was really bugging me that this wasn't addressed.

@HalfgildWynac

4 жыл бұрын

@@13ninjapirate The analysis is pretty solid. In the setup in the video, if 75% use the lower road first, the travel time on the upper road (its first half) is 10 minutes. Surely the 75% would notice that the people using the other road can drive four time faster, so each of them, rationally, should want to switch roads. It is unrealistic to expect a driver to know the WHOLE picture. Then again, if people drive these roads every day, sometimes the left road, sometimes the right one, they will eventually have the idea of how it works. In reality, I think, the problem is usually the uneven network, the finite reaction time of the system (the jams can spread very far very fast) and how impossible it is to satisfy the demand in a large city. Moscow has its share of 10-lane highways going straight into the centre and also in circles. Somewhere along the way the planners forgot that the end of a highway is not the destination where people are driving to-most will eventually need to use other roads with far less capacity.

@MijinLaw

4 жыл бұрын

It bugged me too, then I realized it's just a bad diagram. What they should have done is have a straight, narrow section and a curved, wide section to each path. Then it makes more intuitive sense why taking the narrow roads and the connecting highway is the preferred option, and why the wide sections have constant, large time. People take the narrow + connecting route until gridlock happens, and then, when gridlock happens, some people will indeed take the other route but never enough to "fix" the system overall.

@Argellus

3 жыл бұрын

@@MijinLaw yeah it bugged me too, until I realized that the total travel time for the 2 constant speed sections (bottom left and top right) would be 90 minutes, which is more than the other options. Just a badly scaled diagram that should have been drawn more to scale for better visualization (or maybe there are slower speed limits on the wider sections - either way).

Beautiful filmography and storytelling. You make difficult ideas so interesting and digestible.

Absolutely love it! Brilliant Video!

Been a fan for a while.. always need reminding, thanks.

Impressive modeling with the strings/springs example, thx.

I come for the science, I stay for the quirky animations.

That happens in Maximum Flow Problems too (finding a feaseble flow in a flow network that is maximum), where not all the blocking flows that you may find have the maximum flow value for the net (Dinitz algorithm). :)

Learning new stuff and eye candy. Earned my subscription!

Your natural state :DD That was priceless

Great episode! I enjoyed the various animations and experiments, and I thought they added clarity as well as entertainment, as well as regulating the flow rate of information so that it was easier to follow along as the audience. I think it would be more accurate to say not that people are acting selfishly, but to say they are acting in accordance with their own experience. As an emergence of this, if everyone got where they are going sooner, there would be fewer cars on the road altogether at any time, and so everyone's travel time and conditions would get better. This is how raising the speed limit on interstate highways in the USA actually reduced accidents and fatalities. The 55 mph "safety" speed limit that was imposed for many years was actually killing more people every day. What has already started providing collective intelligence in driving is the cars and cell phones getting traffic updates to inform drivers to take alternate routes before they get snarled in traffic in the first place. It's a good example of how a person can "think with the system" without requiring additional regulatory machinery to be in place. By hooking them into the hive mind, their experience reaches into the potential futures and far from direct view. Many plants engage in this kind of widespread communication naturally.

@therayven3147

3 жыл бұрын

Ok, I know this was an old comment, but, I had to put my thoughts on your speed limit theory... My theory is, traveling at a higher rate of speed causes the individual to focus more on what's around them, seeing as there is a much less time to react... Calculate a static object... Calculate forward velocity vs distance traveled vs distance to said static object... A driver traveling at 55 mph would be more inclined to become distracted as he has much more time to react... Where as a driver traveling at 80 mph is less likely to become distracted because he has less than half the time to react... This is why Indycar drivers are better at reading crashes than NASCAR drivers... NASCAR drivers train themselves to react at roughly 190mph, whereas an Indycar driver trains himself to react at over 210mph at times... So, more speed does *NOT* nessisarily mean more efficiency, it means better focus, in theory, leading to less incidents...

@animistchannel2983

3 жыл бұрын

@@therayven3147 Hey, thanks, that's an interesting thought. Maybe next time some back-seat driver asks us how fast we are going, we should answer, "Fast enough that I'd better pay attention to the road and not to you." :)

@therayven3147

3 жыл бұрын

@@animistchannel2983 lol, good point... Shoot, I remember back in the day when we had an American "Autobahn" up in Montana... I drove roughly 120mph the whole way through and my eyes were glued to the road ahead... And occasionally to the fuel gauge... The only other time such high speeds become dangerous is mechanical failures, such as tyre failures, etc... But distraction is usually not an issue...

I've been recently starting to champion the implementation of Game Theory in my corporation, for HR and some other areas. I'll use this video to do so, as I think it would be relatively simple to translate a lot of corporate stuff, like organization, procedures and personal management into networks and network assembly. Overall this has been an excellent channel, good work!

Great explanation, the experiment with the water bottle connected to the spring was really clever!

On top of everything else to be thankful for in your great vids, thanks for the metric love.

I was watching your video of quantum tunneling again and you just upload a video. Yayyy!

great vid Jade, i work in manual therapy and I use a network of questions for diagnosis and treatment (destination). In this network of Q's many answers provided by clients provide shortcuts to more advanced questioning and getting to the destination quicker as certain answers cuts out swathes of Q's. This is called pattern recognition. Biological systems and manual therapeutics are inherently complicated. For instance roughly every second day I will encounter something new amongst 1 of 16 clients in clinic- effectively growing my Q's network whilst the other 15 clients provide an opportunity to eliminate or tailor existing networks.

Really fun and cool videos. Thanks so much for doing these!

Expected a great video but surprisingly was still blown away by the incredibly written and visualised content. Thanks so much! To me this is another reason why government must regulate intelligent cars very carefully to ban selfish behaviour. Understanding how computers decide choices for the cars is hard though and will require other ML or quantum computers (if they are ever used). Again, thank you. As somebody who has done physics outreach stuff in the past I think you made this video perfectly. It's also not very often I come across interesting concepts I am unfamiliar with.

@jursamaj

Жыл бұрын

Neither installing AI in cars not regulating that AI can defeat selfishness. The driver can always choose the route, if by no other means than directing the car to points *on* the road they want to take.

The spring+string Analogy was pretty cool!

This is an awesome explanation. Thanks a lot.

Amazing videos, i love this channel!

well, nice video. I really enjoyed it, as usual I do when I watch your videos:) however, I think the question you asked in the video is not a well-defined question with an exact answer. the mechanical system shown in the video has some parameters which are unknown for us viewers. actually all three proposed answers could be the right answer depending on the exact parameters. most importantly (and in idealistic case) there are 4 parameters which determine the right answer: constant length of the strings (K), constant length of the unloaded springs (S), the spring constant (k) and the weight of the load (m). using the laws of classical physics (Newton): m*g=k*x, where “x” is the spring’s deviation from its original length. so: x=g/k*m=α*m (g and k are constants, so g/k is also a constant, which is now α). so the length of a loaded spring is S+α*m. using these variables we can figure out in which cases will be the “parallel” (i.e. uncoupled) system the shorter one, longer one or exactly equal to the “serial” (i.e. coupled) system. before this we can also deduct some basic conditions from your system by looking at it: K>S (unloaded case), K>S+α*m (loaded case). actually the former is a weaker condition and the latter is a stronger condition. the stronger condition’s alternative form is: (K-S)/m*α > 1. the “parallel” system has a length of: K+S+1/2m*α [the weight of the load on each spring: 1/2m] the “serial” system has a length of: 2*(S+1m*α) [the weight of the load on each spring: 1m] equating these two terms we can determine the configuration of parameters when the two system has the same length. it turns out that the 4 parameters determine this in the following way: - “parallel” system is the shorter, if: 1 - the lengths of the two systems equal, if: (K-S)/m*α = 1.5 - “serial” system is the shorter, if: 1.5 so, actually it would have been possible that uncoupling your system its length increases, if the configuration of the above-mentioned 4 parameters had been such that. this means that the question asked in the video cannot really be answered due to the lack of enough information:) so those, who had correct answer, either guessed, or simply picked the most counterintuitive answer considering that this video is about a paradox:D ps: do you think this paradox is somehow related to the Simpson’s paradox? I do think this, even if they are related only on a very deep level. I am curious if you can confirm me:)

Wow, I really like those animations and graphics! :D

New favorite youtube explainer of things. Thank you

Great production and interesting topic

I knew the load on springs were going to contract but the strings threw me off I thought it was gonna stay the same at the same time I thought it was going to go up but I voted for stay in the same I keep learning things from your Chanel keep it up this is very educational, key words here are ‘learning’ and ‘educational’, don’t stop for the love of everything good in this mundane existence keep teaching, please and thank you.

I think grannies shouldn't drive when they high on coke.

@Rygir

5 жыл бұрын

*cake

Brilliant explanation, brilliant video! 👍🏽

Lady... you just blow my mind. It is an amazing video... one of the best I ever seen... keep enlightening us like this.... 🤟

I love your animation style!

@ 14:25 you manage to very clearly display your passion for advancing technologies and self driving cars in particular. I LOVE your work and very much appreciate the effort that goes into every video!!! Thank you for continually overcoming your "natural state"!!!

That kind of reminds me of how, in electronics, putting two resistances in parallel gives you an overall resistance that is lower than the lowest of those resistances which sounds counter-intuitive.

@crinolynneendymion8755

2 жыл бұрын

That's 'cos your misled by the word "Resistance"; if you were to call it "Conductance", it's straightforward.

really well done, this channel is so underrated

Nailed that spring-string analogy. Brilliant work as always :-)

@jackjohnson493

4 жыл бұрын

In the spring-string analogy, when there is minimal load (very small mass), the length of the spring and string should be equal. As the load increases, the length of the spring should increase relative to the string. Her analogy was broken: she started with a string that was roughly the same length as the loaded spring.

@javalgandha8881

4 жыл бұрын

@@jackjohnson493 could you elaborate?

@jackjohnson493

4 жыл бұрын

​@@javalgandha8881 The fundamental comparison here is watching how a load (number of cars or hanging mass) changes a measure of how the system works (travel time or total length). Let's start with the roads. The upper and lower roads are initially split in half, where one half is narrow and the other half is wide. For a single car (very small load), the time it takes to travel each half of the road is equal. (There is an error in the video about this as well.) In the spring-string analogy, imagine a very, very small mass attached to a spring-and-string. The spring should not stretch, and the spring half should be just as long as the string half. To be clear, the string should be as long as the unloaded spring. Back to the roads. When there are more cars on the road, the travel time along the narrow section increases, but the travel time on the wide section stays the same. For the spring-string system, when more mass is added, the spring section lengthens but the string section stays the same length. The demonstration shown in the video starts with a string that is slightly *longer* than the *fully loaded* spring.

This has been mind blowing. The only thing I can think of right now is if a quantum computer can handle that complex road network calculation. Oh, and nice ending theme credit song.

Awesome storytelling of deep concepts!

Very cool! The physics example really hit it home for me.