Thanks so much for watching! For a more details on nuclear winter, please check out: kzread.info/dash/bejne/g3aZtbCsqa_bp5s.htmlsi=042aRZYSw1TLUmui

@lorem7247

2 ай бұрын

Day 1 of saying T. Folse Nuclear his videos are amazing

@spvillano

2 ай бұрын

Liquid asteroid, is that like instant water? I've heard peer reviewed theories that infectious disease from continental rejoining, plus some igneous province eruptions and oceanic current changes triggering massive climate change creating massive stressors on the ecosystem, then a continent spanking asteroid impact popped by to say hello, hammering a final nail in the coffin. Not a singular cause, but a combination of causes that would correctly correspond to known events that evidence supports occurring at that time and would have a global impact, rather than a North American (largely) impact. For the impact alone to trigger a mythical global firestorm that baked the planet is to ignore things like, oh, birds, who tend to not do very well inside of an oven and frogs, who really don't do well when boiled or baked. Also, zero evidence of global acid rain, which would've massively eroded currently extant and extant at that time limestone deposits. A series of events, say 10% extinction pulses, in a close train drops the species in the various local ecosystems by say a quarter, that'd be enough to destabilize things nastily. Hypercanes need not apply, that whole 120 degree ocean requirement not being met, zero evidence in support of any such storms and well, enough said. The Siberian Traps did their thing around 251 million years ago and is generally accepted as the cause of the P-T extinction event. The Deccan Traps were active around the K-T boundary and I seem to recall a curry shortage at the time. Hey, in the morning I do feel that damned old. A suggestion, cover the oldest nuclear reactor on Earth. It first went critical around 1.7 billion years ago in Gabon, power apparently regulated by xenon-135 poisoning for a half hour criticality, 2 1/2 hours cooling and decaying the xenon, for a 3 hour cycle when enough water was around to moderate it. Xenon regulation would never get licensed today, so Mother Nature isn't allowed to build another one. ;)

@GiveMeMyLunchMoney

2 ай бұрын

The Siberian traps that you mentioned were what caused the Permian extinction which was more than 100 million years before the Deccan traps. I'm not sure how long ago it was but it was at the end of the Carboniferous period. There was another extinction between the Jurassic and Cretaceous but it was not as bad as the rest of the extinctions. (I am not a geologist, so take what I said with a grain of salt)

@user-yd3et5er9j

2 ай бұрын

kzread.info/dash/bejne/mY2M0rSQeLmvgKg.html&pp=ygUaaG93IGRpbm9zYXVycyB3ZW50IGV4dGluY3Q%3D

@Alex2554

Ай бұрын

I’ve heard of one where the Muppets decided to make magic spaghetti, that altered the future, by altering the dinosaurs extinction time. It’s the dumbest dumb thing I’ve ever heard. How would fictional characters alter the real life past?

"Lavos" best quote from a nuclear engineer.

@jjjacer

2 ай бұрын

RIP Akira Toriyama (character design, along with input on some of the story for Chrono Trigger)

20:21 You want it weird OK. Earth is a flat disk and was hit by a meteorite. This caused the disk to rotate and throw the dinosaurs into space and are now the stars you see at night.

@watsisname

2 ай бұрын

There is an absolutely hysterical animation of that. 😆 It's on the internet, so it must be true.

The Deccan traps were associated with the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event, 66 million years ago by work done in the 1970s, before Alvarez and son identified the iridium layer as signs of an asteroid impact. We have layers of marine sediment before and after the impact with increased mercury levels in forms associated with major volcanic events, so both are well established with when they happened. It's important to note that the Alvarez hypothesis (the "asteroid did it" view) was not the academic underdog it's often portrayed as. Professor Walter Alvarez, a geologist, noticed an iridium band and brought it to the attention of his father, physicist Luis Alvarez, who identified it as signifying a large asteroid impact due to rarity of iridium in Earth rocks and began a global study in 1980 that found that band in the same layer globally. The "underdog" story comes from that not immediately being accepted on the Nobel laurite's say-so. Like any hypothesis in geology or paleontology, corroborating evidence was gathered that proved an impact had happened and filled in details, then in unprecedented credulity, the scientific community just accepted a big rock took out non-avian dinosaurs before evidence for that aspect was established. There was already clear evidence at the time that diversity had been waning for a long time before the impact, which points to a gradual extinction event. The Deccan traps were being studied, but as with normal levels of credulity in science, it wasn't yet accepted when Luis Alvarez stepped in and cut through all that silly nonsense of actually checking first that mere plebian scientists have to go through. If you're getting a tone that I don't like him, it's because of how vigorously he and his associates attacked those who researched the Deccan traps, even getting some of their work defunded. And don't misread that - it was researching the Deccan traps, NOT contradicting him. He knew full well he was covering up a competing theory. The current consensus, published in 2020, does hold that the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs was driven by the impact (with the evidence-based argument that Rayleigh waves from the impact dramatically worsened the already-erupting Deccan traps) using a climate model by Pincelli M. Hull et al. but this is increasingly debated. And that debate is why Kurzgesagt is covering this now. We know both happened and both had negative effects on biodiversity, and we know the extinction took longer after the asteroid impact than previously imagined, but we don't have a clear answer of which had the larger effect.

@HuyV

2 ай бұрын

Maybe it was teamwork

@Merennulli

2 ай бұрын

@@HuyVYep, I'm pretty sure it was. The fact that it took hundreds of thousands of years after the impact for non-avian dinosaurs to go extinct makes it pretty hard to argue it was just the asteroid, but the sharp climate change after the asteroid is also impossible to ignore. I just wish one man's ego didn't set us back decades on research into how the two played off each other.

@rogueascendant6611

2 ай бұрын

@@Merennulli I also agree on this combination factors. There's a clear plausibility that the Deccan Traps made the process of extinction. With the KT-asteroid as the final nail in the coffin.

Asteroid didn't kill the dinosaurs. I did.

@supercharged5-39

2 ай бұрын

Oh my goodness he killed the dinosaurs

@Potatoboii2

15 күн бұрын

Yes? Police? I found him, he did it.

Lavos, that's a reference I didn't expect, cool to see my favorite game being mentioned in a video of yours! I miss when he was just a Alien Planetary tick, and not the whole Lovecraftian God he turned into

I've been with you since 1k - 5k subs, (I've kinda forgot) so happy to see you at almost 100k!

Wait, Lavos? hearing reference of Chrono Trigger was a surprise

@Metametheus

2 ай бұрын

Yeah i know, never thought i would hear a nuclear engineer talk about a Theoretical planet killer on Stream.

every time this topic comes to mind, im reminded of a silly flat earth meme someone posted that jokingly theorized the dinosaurs were actually catapulted off of flat earth when the meteor hit.

Just because in all my years ever I've never done this on the internet before - first! Love your videos, and you've helped me understand and learn to not fear nuclear power. :)

@tfolsenuclear

2 ай бұрын

Thanks so much!

Love your videos man, thanks to you i always discover new channels and make me remember the ones i forgot about.

The yellowstone supervolcano is what remains of what was once a flood basalt region - the columbia river flood basalt province. Much like the deccan and siberian traps, only smaller in area and expelled basalt amount.

“Marine dinosaurs” Every dinosaur nerd: what.

Very interesting, I love your content. Keep it up Tyler!

That asteroid impact was basically a mercy kill

"Large igneous provinces" - huge complexes of continent-sized magma lakes which persist for 100,000 to 1,000,000 or more years - have had a profound influence on Earth's biosphere. They are thought to be responsible for several great extinction events, including the greatest of all, the Permian Extinction of 250 million years ago. The Deccan Traps of India were more or less contemporaneous with the Cretaceous extinction, and surely played a role in delayed recovery after the asteroid, if not a direct role at the time of it.

They still don't know the overall effect of sulfur dioxide. It tend to facilitate cloud formation which makes things more complicated.

I remember even as a child not taking for granted the Asteroid impact because the iridium comes from two possible places, Asteroids and deep in our Earth. Now, I always wondered if enough iridium could even come from an Asteroid to account for the amounts we see covering the entire world in a half inch blanket of soil. Our Earth could produce that but idk about an asteroid. Have they done Isotope analysis to prove it was from space?

Chrono Trigger instantly outs you as an old guy.

I love how we just started talking about Chrono Trigger for 3 minutes randomly 😅

I mean Magma is radioactive, around 125 - 200 cpm from Potassium, Uranium, and Thorium. Can't imagine that amount of magma spewing out, volcanic ash, and material. Like human beings I'm wondering if dinosaurs may have been as if not more vulnerable to radioactive decay as during those time periods the ozone layer would have been thicker and more than likely oxygen abundancy would have been higher.

You should definitely react to Lemminos's videos : "Bygone Visions of Cosmic Neighbors" , "Consumed by the Apocalypse", "The Great Silence"... Those videos are on whole another level..

I’m not a big fan of the Kurzgesagt channel, but the videos they make like this one are pretty good. Also, I find the Permian-Triassic extinction event much more interesting than the Cretaceous-Paleocene extinction event, it would be cool to see a reaction to that as well. Maybe a video on the Cambrian era of Earth and the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, both are really interesting eras in Earths history.

@nontrashfire2

2 ай бұрын

What about the modern extinction event?

@MetastaticMaladies

2 ай бұрын

@@nontrashfire2 Can you elaborate on that?

@rogueascendant6611

2 ай бұрын

@@MetastaticMaladies Holocene extinction, or Anthropocene extinction, is the ongoing extinction event caused by humans during the Holocene epoch. Otherwise a process of extinction that it's slowly destroying the flora and fauna. Earth's biosphere worsened by the effects of industrialization.

@nontrashfire2

2 ай бұрын

@MetastaticMaladies The Holocene extinction. From deforestation, overfishing, acidic of waterways, livestock production, the intentional introduction of invasive species, urbanization, and the list goes on. The short answer is that people, for the most part or are actions. The introduction of cats to many areas has led to the extinction of many different birds, reptiles, small mammals, and others. That's just kinda skimming the surface.

@MetastaticMaladies

2 ай бұрын

@@nontrashfire2 Yes, approximately 1,000 species go extinct every year. Are you suggesting he react to a video about that? You should make a comment to him yourself instead of to me.

The explanation of hypercaines in theory reminds me very much of the giant storm on Jupiter when people question it lasting over 300 years, and you have to explain how much stronger it is than storms here on earth and that the increased planetary radius means far more extreme Coriolis effect which causes storms to spin in the first place. The not science "gravity was different back then" if they believe that, then I have to ask, what changed the mass, because gravity is a function of mass/volume, the more mass you put in a smaller volume the more gravity, so their not science would require a change in mass, which would point to a collision of celestial bodies. Now, we both know there will always be a speculative aspect to planetary history, as we learn more, we can say with more certainty but it's always good to remember any theory starts as a hypothesis, then is calculated, speculated, torn apart, and we determine is a possible? not even probable, but can the theory check the boxes we know to be true through geology and fossil records? plausible, and probable are different. Most scientists will agree, if it was just the impact? probably would not have caused extinction quite on that scale, just as the deccan traps likely did not, but you start combining catastrophic events in the right windows of time and suddenly, it seems probable it's a combination of what would have been moderate or even minor extinction events, but when you combine them it becomes a catastrophic extinction event. Always interesting to listen to the theories though.

Weirder theory I heard: never were any dinosaurs, bones placed by government/aliens as a joke.

The funniest theory I’ve ever read was that the dinosaurs died of flagellation! That was obviously in a “Newspaper” called The Sun. This was back in the 90’s. Even as a kid I just cracked up laughing at how stupid the theory was!

6:35 Just guesstimating the scale here, but isn't that larger cube only like... 16 times the size of the 2023 emissions? Not 500.000?^^

Tyler, is there any evidence that trace levels of fusion or electron capture can occur from kinetic impacts such as meteor impacts, or even meteors colliding in space? The speeds are so unfathomable, these things travel up to tens-of-thousands of miles per hour. I just wonder if something travelling that fast hitting water could cause some very small amounts of fusion (perhaps H + H -> He) due to the pressures and temperatures created. What do you think?

jfwiw- For a while the Deccan Traps hypothesis was in competition with the Asteroid hypothesis. The eruptions lasted roughly 8 million years with the maximum eruptions right around the same time. The error bars on the timing data means you really can't say they occurred but they did peak at around 65 million years. Quite a few species were in decline- indicative that the Deccan Trap eruptions had severely stressed major ecosystems. But the C-T extinction event was sudden -not gradual as was typical in other mass extinctions. The K-T boundary and the thinness of it is very distinctive. The Iridium is most definitely indicative of an asteroid event. The carbon layer associated with it is indicative of a worldwide conflagration-consistent with a thermal pulse. Just as definitive is the evidence of tsunami debris that traveled up what is now the Mississippi River Basin. Follow that up with the following crash in temperatures from debris thrown up in the atmosphere and you have all you need for a mass extinction. Incidentally the Mississippio Basin itself follows an old Aulocogen- the failed spreading arm form the breakup of Pangea.

i LOVE the chronotrigger callout. fantastic comparison.

Love the videos mate I’ve joined the team 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿

One thing hearing of these catastrophic events brings home is that over 95% of all living things that have evolved on this planet went extinct before anything remotely human evolved. t also makes a mockery of the idea that there's something sentient and benign about nature.

hypercane... something seems off about that 1000m/s windspeeds, because that would be something like mach-3 (assuming 1bar) . but going that fast isn't possible. (according to potatogun physics.) hmmmmm

@watsisname

2 ай бұрын

1000 kph, not m/s. So like Mach 0.85 or so. I'm sure the error bars are big as well, but definitely it is not faster than sound. :)

@lordsqueak

2 ай бұрын

Aha, thank you, @@watsisname That makes a bit more sense. The thing is I've seen 1000m/s mentioned before. so I guess thats where I got it from.

I love your videos, but have a quick constructive criticism, the blue & black on yellow background on the thumbnail is not visible or easy to read, especially at phone size. Maybe a lighter shade of blue?

One time me and my friend was talking about this, AND HE SAID THE STUPIDEST THING EVER💀 “Yo I think the dinosaurs died because of a SUUUUUUUPPPEEEEEERRRRR big thunderstorm. And it wasn’t cuz of the volcanoes, the volcanoes killed all the birds cuz there in the sky. and then the asteroid came when they were already dead” … WHAAAAAAAAAAT DA FFFFFFFFFFFFFFfrickin FUNDAGUNDA?

See I agree. Its interesting and Ive looked at the paper. Theres certian evidence that seems to kinda line up. It truely did happen I feel as though I would have been the start and that the asteroid comes in and hits the blow that just finished them all off. What do you think???

I thought it has been well established for decades that they just evolved into birds and some other lizards etc we know and love today - I feel like I learned that at school, and I'm getting _old_ - maybe it's a Mandela Effect thing.

Hey i have very cool videos u coud check out . Vsouce - wich way is down Vsouce - cruel bombs (nuclear related) love ur videos i woud love to see these in the future .

nice

What if this is all true, but in an ironic twist of fate the impact of the asteroid was what stopped all the volcanic and meteorological tom fuckery xD

Ok, afaik, there is a big error margin in the dating of the deccan traps But most importantly they were exactly at the antipode of Chxuhulub crater There is growing evidence big asteroid impact may set off massive volcanism on the planets antipode. The siberian traps caused the Great Dying, in the Permian, the largest mass extinction on history. And guess what, there is a giant crater buried under 2km of ice on Antártica. We can't date it precisely because of the ice, but the possible dates overlap with the Siberian Traps . And if the impact was during the siberian traps period, it was guess what, exactly the antipode of the Siberian traps. I guess the only way to be sure is to throw a 15km asteroid on Earth and observe the antipode of the asteroid

@wwoods66

17 күн бұрын

"But most importantly [the Deccan Traps] were exactly at the antipode of Chxuhulub crater" As I recall they were about 150 degrees apart -- on opposite sides of the Earth but not **exactly** opposite. But the impact probably had some effect on the eruption -- maybe a large one. "in a 2015 study it was proposed based on argon-argon dating that the impact may have caused an increase in permeability that allowed magma to reach the surface and produced the most voluminous flows, accounting for around 70% of the volume.[30]" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deccan_Traps

19:49 If nature was Muhammad Ali, this was classic rope a dope for 3 rounds and a 4th round devastating right hook. Lights out!!!!!

There are still dinosaurs. All birds are dinosaurs.

@Beefbus

2 ай бұрын

The bird is the word.

@rogeriopenna9014

2 ай бұрын

@@Beefbus like ungulates is a word but all ungulates are mammals

If you want to hear another silly one, creationists will tell you that dinosaurs walked with humans and got taken out by a great flood 6 - 10,000 years ago...

i think its cool

No a poisonous atmosphere and boiling oceans means the mammals die off as well. An impact would allow mammals to hibernate.an impact might kick start some volcanic activity sure. But that long of cloud cover would be in soil layers and that is not the case. I understand what they are tying to say that the impact 66 million years would not be enough to kill all of the dinosaurs in the world. I disagree

1min ago

FRIST

0:18 dafuq is that **dies of cringe**

Nope, God did Atheist meltdown in 3, 2, 1......

@watsisname

2 ай бұрын

All hail the Lava God

@Zach476

2 ай бұрын

but if god made the thing that killed the dinosaurs, then both answers are correct.