Andrew Briggs - Experiments in Quantum Mechanics

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Quantum theory has been the most powerful explanation of how the world, down deep, really works. But quantum theory is weird: things in two states or places at the same time, probabilities not actualities of events, entanglement over vast distances. How do precise, repeatable experiments support such counterintuitive concepts?
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Andrew Briggs is Professor of Nanomaterials at the University of Oxford. He is Fellow of St Anne’s College, Fellow of Wolfson College, Fellow of the Institute of Physics, Honorary Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society, and Member of International Society for Science and Religion and Academia Europaea.
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Closer To Truth, hosted by Robert Lawrence Kuhn and directed by Peter Getzels, presents the world’s greatest thinkers exploring humanity’s deepest questions. Discover fundamental issues of existence. Engage new and diverse ways of thinking. Appreciate intense debates. Share your own opinions. Seek your own answers.

Пікірлер: 102

  • @OzGoober
    @OzGoober3 ай бұрын

    Thank you, great chat. It's a true statement that, without an external force, my bank balance stays the same amount. It's also true to that, relative to external exchange rates, the buying power of that amount, changes constantly.

  • @guaromiami
    @guaromiami3 ай бұрын

    Quantum mechanics is so utterly fascinating!

  • @leeyan9049
    @leeyan90493 ай бұрын

    Awesome talk, even though my right ear got entangled in quantum vacuum

  • @StatementPlus

    @StatementPlus

    3 ай бұрын

    literally checked my speaker cables and fader settings lol....

  • @moonlitSapphire3691

    @moonlitSapphire3691

    3 ай бұрын

    I thought that I broke my earphones again😅

  • @DouglasVoigt-tu3xb
    @DouglasVoigt-tu3xb3 ай бұрын

    This scientist is getting closer to truth

  • @everready800
    @everready8003 ай бұрын

    *This check on your bank balance does not affect your credit score. Only your mood.* 😢

  • @navneetmishra3208
    @navneetmishra32083 ай бұрын

    Left ear loved it My right ear is not entangled.

  • @barkathaliudmman9502

    @barkathaliudmman9502

    3 ай бұрын

    😂

  • @everready800

    @everready800

    3 ай бұрын

    Love I was worried I needed new headphones

  • @michaelnorth3785
    @michaelnorth37853 ай бұрын

    The audio is all at the left channel ... who's mixing ? : )

  • @mrtienphysics666
    @mrtienphysics6663 ай бұрын

    The experimentalist was quick not to fall into the false dichotomy trap set up between theory and experiment.

  • @ApurvaSukant
    @ApurvaSukant3 ай бұрын

    Full power to rigorous statements.

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.
    @offtheradarsomewhere.3 ай бұрын

    Don't use your energy for anything, just learn from what your energy teaches you.💙💫🙏

  • @JayceRenner
    @JayceRenner3 ай бұрын

    um wut do i know but it sounds like you're describing the andrew uncertainty principle

  • @alexatedw
    @alexatedw3 ай бұрын

    Except the photons from the flashlight hit your hand…

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    Not if your hand is in the low position so the light doesn't hit it. In that case you can infer where the hand is without any interaction with it. That's the principle by which they can infer the spin of the proton.

  • @alexatedw

    @alexatedw

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 lol what? You can’t take a measurement without interacting with the system

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    @@alexatedw If my hand is in the low position, and we shine the light high, we know my hand is not high. Thats gives us information about the position of my hand without anything interacting with it.

  • @clownworld-honk410
    @clownworld-honk4103 ай бұрын

    When I check my bank statement online it's different to what I perceive as my reality to be so the act of looking at it has induced a negative effect. Must be a quantum thing! 😮

  • @r2c3
    @r2c33 ай бұрын

    6:32 the microwave pulse will have to directly interact with the system by collapsing it if successful...

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.

    @offtheradarsomewhere.

    3 ай бұрын

    We are almost blind in the universe with almost less than 1 % we observe with detectable light, and the technology we have is not far better than that, no body with any technology we will ever see and match what the mind will see in different states of consciousness 💙💫🙏

  • @r2c3

    @r2c3

    3 ай бұрын

    ​@@offtheradarsomewhere.yes that's true, there's much more to learn but if we work toward that objective, at some point we might discover even more :)

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.

    @offtheradarsomewhere.

    3 ай бұрын

    @@r2c3 beautiful 💙💫🙏

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    It interacts with the electron, or does not interact with it. In either case we learn about the electron spin, and therefore the proton spin. The important point is that no interaction also allows us to infer information about the state of the system. Consider the example of shining a light at his hand, if the light doesn’t reflect off his hand because it’s not in the high position, he still knows where his hand is even though nothing interacted with it. His experiment made very clever use of this principle.

  • @r2c3

    @r2c3

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 so, you're saying that experimentaly there's no randum fluctuations at that particular range ... hmmm.... it does make sense though...

  • @hidden2753
    @hidden27533 ай бұрын

    Can someone please ELI5?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    They key idea is that we can figure out what state something is in by measuring what state it is not in. If the hand could be high or low, and we shine the light high and don't see the hand, we know the hand is low even though nothing interacted with it. In a similar way, with very clever experimental design, we can 'measure' the spin of the proton without directly interacting with the proton at all. This allowed his team to figure out quantum behaviour of the system while it was in a superposition of states, without interacting with it and measuring a specific state.

  • @hidden2753

    @hidden2753

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 Thanks for the reply and the great explanation! So what does the result of the experiment suggest about reality? Does it also apply to the macro scale?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    @@hidden2753 It’s basically a confirmation that the spins of protons can be in superpositions of states. It’s much like the double slit experiment. Single electrons can behave as though they went through both slits. Protons can behave as though they have both up and down spin. It depends what you mean by macro. In the double slit experiment the interference pattern of electrons or photons is a macro effect. The time keeping of atomic clocks is a macro effect. A lot of our modern technology nowadays relies on quantum effects. Transistors, lasers, solar cells, etc. We don’t directly observe superpositions of states though.

  • @hidden2753

    @hidden2753

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 Thanks again for the breakdown.. So, I would appreciate it if you can confirm my interpretation is correct based on what you've said? When the proton is measured directly then it will collapse into one of two binary states. The goal of the experiment is to indirectly measure the proton and thus maintain a superposition. Would the indirect measurement be a binary result or would it just confirm that the proton is in a superposition?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    @@hidden2753 Honestly I don’t know enough about the details of the specific experiment, I’m just going from what he said in the interview. I know he does a lot of research on the fundamental physics of quantum computing, and that depends on superpositions of proton spin states, so it’s probably related to that.

  • @elsawiegers1093
    @elsawiegers10933 ай бұрын

    and the sound? got lost in the quantum leap?

  • @elsawiegers1093

    @elsawiegers1093

    3 ай бұрын

    am i the only one with this problem?

  • @elsawiegers1093

    @elsawiegers1093

    3 ай бұрын

    so what are you all listening to???

  • @MrLJT1

    @MrLJT1

    3 ай бұрын

    No I am not getting stereo sound either. @@elsawiegers1093

  • 3 ай бұрын

    Is he trying to say that "wonder" is not important for science? Wow! That's not true. He is assuming that science is always the first cause of science itself. You know we have other subjects to study.

  • @kimpettersson6605
    @kimpettersson66053 ай бұрын

    Dude looks like a british intelligent version of Trump 😂

  • @David.C.Velasquez

    @David.C.Velasquez

    3 ай бұрын

    Yes, very similarly shaped and 'quaffed' hair-piece.

  • @TurdFerguson456

    @TurdFerguson456

    3 ай бұрын

    More like special version. And that's ok

  • @ransakreject5221

    @ransakreject5221

    3 ай бұрын

    Hey I love trump. Don’t suggest he’s dumb. Ok he’s alittle dumb. He’s still awesome

  • @David.C.Velasquez

    @David.C.Velasquez

    3 ай бұрын

    @@ransakreject5221 So, you reported me for threatening, cyberbullying, and or harassment for a joking reply?? I put the wink face at the end... What is wrong with you? They can delete my channel for your false accusation. Should I go flag a bunch of your comments? Of course, I'd never stoop that low, and I bet you call others snowflakes.

  • @wagfinpis
    @wagfinpis3 ай бұрын

    Closer to austerity?

  • @kencreten7308
    @kencreten73083 ай бұрын

    I cannot believe that this stage of the game... you botched the audio mix and the right channel doesn't exist.....

  • @djtomoy
    @djtomoy3 ай бұрын

    Quantum theory is like the yummy carrot a darling little bunny eats when they wake up each morning

  • @RobDeity
    @RobDeity3 ай бұрын

    "what can we learn from experiments in quantum mechanics that explain the foundations of quantum theory?" "WELL LET ME START WITH A BIOGRAPHY AND NAME A FEW NAMES" they avoid answering the question coherently better than politicians

  • @Sajuuk

    @Sajuuk

    3 ай бұрын

    And your Dunning-Kruger makes sure you think you know what you're talking about...

  • @RobDeity

    @RobDeity

    3 ай бұрын

    @@Sajuuk MY WHAT?

  • @David.C.Velasquez

    @David.C.Velasquez

    3 ай бұрын

    @@RobDeity Exactly... but I agree, that every physics or philosophy video doesn't have to include an obligatory primer, especially at the level of this channels perceived viewership.

  • @RobDeity

    @RobDeity

    3 ай бұрын

    @@David.C.Velasquez FEELS LIKE GATEKEEPING

  • @David.C.Velasquez

    @David.C.Velasquez

    3 ай бұрын

    @@RobDeity Maybe, but to me it feels like having to rehash everything over and over, for the slower students. The fact is, nobody can be sure of the base nature of reality. Everything is based on models, built upon theory and much speculation, that's why the program is titled 'CLOSER' to Truth.

  • @Maxwell-mv9rx
    @Maxwell-mv9rx3 ай бұрын

    Guys experiences keep out How figure out fundamental unpredictable particles in Quantum mechanic. Science doesnt know How figure out unpredictable particles so far. So guys experiences NOT show up solutions in Quantum particles problems.

  • @alexisjardines3384
    @alexisjardines33843 ай бұрын

    Facts by them selves explain nothing. Rather they demand explanations. (E. S. Linkov) There are not facts. Just interpretations (F. Nietzsche)

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    So the observation that the semiconductor transistors in your computer function thanks to the quantum behaviour of electrons is just an interpretation, right?

  • @alexisjardines3384

    @alexisjardines3384

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 That’s right. Exactly. What you have about quantum electron behavior is just an interpretation. It means, by the way that you can’t avoid the rol of the knowledge, cause what you are trying to understand is not the object per se, but subject-object interaction. Just think about your own words: “quantum behavior of electron”. This is exactly an interpretation, a way according to which you are making intelligible something.

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.

    @offtheradarsomewhere.

    3 ай бұрын

    If I get punched in the face, ( god forbid)🤕😂 there's no interpretation s..

  • @alexisjardines3384

    @alexisjardines3384

    3 ай бұрын

    @@offtheradarsomewhere. Well, then you have an actual interaction (not a virtual interaction like a knowledge based interaction). And, if you try to understand what caused the pain then you have to explain it first like an impact between two massive bodies and so on. What is an interpretation, not a fact. A fact is just an event. No more no less. In other words, something that demand an explanation. In fact, who has the privilege access to the facts? No one. The best, the current or the most useful interpretation: that is a fact. The same applies to the practical and scientific notion of evidence.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    @@alexisjardines3384 That’s fair enough, it’s straightforward empiricism. Our scientific theories describe the phenomena we observe but they don’t have access to why we observe them. However this is true of all knowledge, not just scientific knowledge. It’s just that science takes a particular approach to verification.

  • @rafverheyen5458
    @rafverheyen54583 ай бұрын

    Interesting, however it does not prove any weirdness of quantum. Every measurement involves an interaction and thus influence . I am strongly convinced everything has a defined state at any time. It appears statistical because of the wave nature of everything

  • @andrewmasterman2034

    @andrewmasterman2034

    3 ай бұрын

    I believe the problem is there's literally no such thing truly as a definable moment in time. Any measurement from within the system at best becomes victim to parameters of its own influence.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    Did you pay attention to the example of inferring the location of his hand in the low position, from the fact the light didn’t shine on it in the high position? Obviously it is possible to infer information from negative test results. If you really want to get your mind blown look up the Elitzur-Vaidman bomb tester experiment.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    The example of shining a light, and inferring where his hand is from the fact the light did not shine on it, shows how the experiment obtained information without interaction. That’s the clever bit. The weird bit is what they were able to infer about the quantum state of the proton spin, but they didn’t explain that in detail. If you really want to get your mind blown, I recommend looking up the Elitzur-Vaidman bomb tester experiment.

  • @davidrandell2224

    @davidrandell2224

    3 ай бұрын

    “The Final Theory: Rethinking Our Scientific Legacy “, Mark McCutcheon for proper physics.

  • @At-vi6hm
    @At-vi6hm3 ай бұрын

    FALSE! He still had to know the nuclear spin, which can only be done be measuring it...

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    FALSE! As in the example of shining a light at one of the positions his hand could be in, even if the light does not reflect off his hand, and in fact nothing interacted with his hand, he can still infer where it is from knowing where it isn’t. His experiment made very clever use of this principle to infer information from negative tests.

  • @David.C.Velasquez

    @David.C.Velasquez

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 Many in the comments didn't pick up on that nuanced but crucial detail.

  • @davidrandell2224
    @davidrandell22243 ай бұрын

    No energy, charge, photons, waves, spin, fields, potential, quantum,quarks, space, time, space-time,etc. All Standard Theory/Model was replaced by Expansion Theory in 2002: try to keep up. So,no.

  • @infinitygame18
    @infinitygame183 ай бұрын

    O Ray Mere Yaar O Ray KOI BAAT NAHI , X GOD KI MARJI , JAAG GYA TOU SAB EK PARMATMA HAI KYA X AUR KYA FACE BOOK , O LIKE FACE BOOK , MORE THAN X , HAPPY GOD O DAY I5th February, O RAY MERE YAAR ,FELA KE RAKHNE SAB KO , GOD KE PYAR MAI YAARA O YAARA , MERA PYARA GOD O GOOD GOLDY

  • @At-vi6hm
    @At-vi6hm3 ай бұрын

    FALSE! This experiment did NOT eliminate measurement. He still had to know the magnetic spin.

  • @harry8601

    @harry8601

    3 ай бұрын

    He knew the magnetic spin .........🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    Your accusations of falsity is FALSE! He made a measurement of something else that allowed him to infer the spin of the proton without measuring it or affecting it in any way. The example of shining a light on his hand is instructive. If his hand is high the light will shine on it and he will know it’s high, but will also affect it. However if his hand is low the light will not affect his hand in any way, but he will still know it’s low, simply because he now knows it is not high. Similarly it is possible in some circumstances to infer a state the proton spin is not in from a measurement of the electron spin, and therefore infer the state it must be in.

  • @davidrandell2224
    @davidrandell22243 ай бұрын

    QM classicalized in 2010. Juliana Mortenson website Forgotten Physics uncovers the hidden variables and constants and the bad math of Wien, Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Einstein, Debroglie,Planck, Bohr etc. So, no.

  • @mikel4879
    @mikel48793 ай бұрын

    Experiments in erroneous futility.

  • @richardsylvanus2717
    @richardsylvanus27173 ай бұрын

    Blah blah blah This guy said nothing

  • @dwoopie
    @dwoopie3 ай бұрын

    Thank god that quantum has nothing to do with real life... only with old men who don't understand that light is constant...

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.

    @offtheradarsomewhere.

    3 ай бұрын

    Quantum has nothing to do with real life? What is real life?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    3 ай бұрын

    Except of course for all the quantum technologies you’re using right now. Transistors in your computer, lasers in the internets fibre optic networks, the atomic clocks used to synchronise those networks, using data centres often powered by solar electricity, etc, etc. All discovered thanks to quantum mechanics research, and directly engineered to use quantum effects. If it wasn’t for QM we’d mainly be stuck with minor improvements on 1950s technology.

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.

    @offtheradarsomewhere.

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887you speak so beautiful of things we use, but not of this world and the landscape and people and life within it or memories We have , your information means nothing to me, unless what you talk about is for the disabled who can now function, other than that, excuse my language, but stick your appreciation up your arse.

  • @offtheradarsomewhere.

    @offtheradarsomewhere.

    3 ай бұрын

    @@Catdad76801 I have to 💙💫🙏

  • @S3RAVA3LM

    @S3RAVA3LM

    3 ай бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 no. It's because of Maxwell, Steinmetz, Poincare, Tesla, Heaviside, that we have the technologies that we do, and they never used the term quantum.. quantum isn't a thing, essence, being or substance; a principle, law, nature or field. I already informed you of this and here you are still lying. You're such a fraud. You'll reference GR and Einstein and never the gods of field theory. Simon's a clown.

  • @genius1198
    @genius11983 ай бұрын

    Furthest from the truth....closer to nothing...hahaha....not you Robert...time machine genius@genius1198 you tube