Anatomy of the Skull : Norma Lateralis
📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- / drgbhanuprakash
📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- t.me/bhanuprakashdr
📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash
Anatomy of the Skull: Norma Lateralis
The norma lateralis includes the lateral wall of the skull (the temple), the prominence of the cheek, the zygoma or zygomatic arch (Gr. Zygoun=bar, yoke), the external auditory meatus , the orbital and anterior nasal apertures in profile, the upper and lower jaws, the joint between the lower jaw and the base of the skull, the temporal fossa, the indentation in the lateral wall of the skull above the level of the zygomatic arch, and the infratemporal fossa, below the zygomatic arch and beneath the base of the skull. In a lateral view of the skull, the infratemporal fossa can be viewed only through the window between the zygomatic arch and the upper border of the mandible; it will be described separately.
BONES:
The frontal bone forms the forehead and superior orbital margin. It contributes to the wall and dome of the skull and to the anterior wall of the temporal fossa.
The parietal bone contributes to the wall and dome of the skull and to the wall of the temporal fossa.
The occipital bone forms the posterior wall of the skull.
The temporal bone forms the external auditory meatus. It contributes to the lateral wall of the skull, wall of the temporal fossa, and zygomatic arch.
The sphenoid bone contributes to the lateral wall of the skull and to the wall of the temporal fossa.
The zygomatic bone forms the prominence of the cheek, the lateral orbital margin, and the anterior wall of the temporal fossa. It contributes to the inferior orbital margin and the zygomatic arch.
The maxilla forms the upper jaw, the lateral margin of the nasal aperture and the medial margin of the orbit. It contributes to the inferior orbital margin.
The mandible forms the lower jaw.
All bones seen in N. Lateralis. Click on the image for labels.
Return to first (zoomable) view
PRINCIPAL SUTURES:
Frontonasal
Coronal
Lambdoidal
Parietotemporal
Sphenoparietal
Sphenofrontal
Zygomaticofrontal
Zygomaticomaxillary
Zygomaticotemporal
Nasomaxillary
Occipitomastoid
Parietomastoid
NEUROVASCULAR EXIT PORTALS:
The mandibular notch, between the mandible and the zygomatic process allows passage of the masseteric nerve and vessels. The nerve is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal (V3). The artery is a branch of the 2nd part of the maxillary artery and belongs to the external carotid system; the vein drains to the pterygoid venous plexus and thence to the maxillary vein.
PROMINENT LANDMARKS AND REFERENCE POINTS:
The anterior nasal spine marks the union of left and right maxillae. It can be palpated easily on the midline in the lower part of the nasal septum
Nasion is the point of intersection of the frontonasal and internasal sutures.
Glabella (L. glaber=smooth, bald) is the smooth median elevation of the frontal bone linking the superciliary ridges.
Bregma (Gr.=”front of the head”) is the point of intersection of the coronal and sagittal sutures. This was the site of the anterior fontanelle.
The vertex is the highest point of the skull in the midline.
Lambda is the point of intersection of the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures. This was the site of the posterior fontanelle.
The external occipital protuberance is a midline elevation on the occipital bone. Inion (Gr.=”back of the head”) is the most prominent point of the external occipital protuberance.
The mastoid process (Gr. mastos=breast; breast-like) of the temporal bone is not present at birth. It is raised gradually by the pull of the sternocleidomastoid muscle once the infant has begun to lift its head. The process is filled with a system of air cells created by extensions of the lining of the middle ear cavity, with which they remain continuous.
The styloid process (Gr. stylos=pillar) of the temporal bone varies greatly in length from individual to individual. It is easily broken and may be missing in many prepared skulls.
The temporal lines are two bony ridges, convex upward, curving across the lateral aspect of the skull. The inferior temporal line marks the upper limit of the attachment of the temporalis muscle; the superior temporal line marks the attachment of the dense temporal fascia that covers the muscle.
Pterion (Gr. pteron, pteryx=a wing) is the region in which the frontal, parietal, and temporal bones all converge on the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Here the wall of the temporal fossa is relatively thin and is weakened by the presence of numerous sutures. It is, therefore, easily fractured, and bone fragments may tear the underlying middle meningeal artery producing an epidural hematoma.
Пікірлер: 102
I have no words! as a medical student after failing 100 times in osteology I assure you she is the best demonstrator and teacher. Osteology is fun now ! ❤
The best demonstration over here.
Thank you so much mam. The way you are demostrating and colouring patterns to represent the different part of bone is marvellous and easy to understand.
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
@68rithikashreej7
3 жыл бұрын
Tq mam..,❤️❤️
Thank u from my bottom of heart 💗🙏 Please make more videos on anatomy
Best vdo available pn internet. Please make more such vdos. Always waiting for more and more vdos.
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Sure always
Thank You Doc! Very amazing lecture!
Thank you so much for these wonderful details 😍 I understood very well 😎 I will watch all your videos ♥️ Big love
Excellent mam thankyou...,👍
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
Thank u so much ma'am.. It was exceptionally beautiful❤
U hv no idea how thankful I'm for ur videos ❤❤❤
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 ай бұрын
So nice of you
شكرا جدا على تعبك فهمت جدا♥️♥️
Thanks mam it's very informative 🥰👍❤️❤️❤️
superb
Nyc explaination
Very beautiful explanation of OSTEOLOGY!!! ❤️❤️ Thanks a Lot Ma'am for such a crystal clear concept😇
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Ur most welcome
Super class mam🙏🙏
Nice .....👌👌
Your lectures are more detailed than any other online learning platform Could you please make a video on meninges and dural venous sinuses ?
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Sure I will
@madhawalakshan4025
2 жыл бұрын
yes ,, can you make video from all neuroanatomy parts
Too much helpful...for developing my concept during lockdown....thank you💙💙💙
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
You're very welcome!
Nice video mam
Bundle of thanks ma'am, these are very easy and clear lectures of skull anatomy for understanding concepts of skull. One can memorize this easily
@doctorbhanuprakash
Жыл бұрын
Ur most welcome
thank you ma'am
Thank you ma'am ☺️
its so good :) thank you
@doctorbhanuprakash
24 күн бұрын
Glad you like it!
Thank you ma'am,plz make more video related to this series
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Yes more , coming soon
Thanks a lot for demonstration in such a elaborating way. 💕💕
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Glad it was helpful!
Nice ma'am 🤗🤗🤗
thank you so much it is quick revision as well as lecture for those who havent attend class in university
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Tysm
Thank yooouu sso sssooo much for this undeestandable and awesome lectures. Love your osteology lectures wholeheartedly🙂🤩❣❤
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Glad you like them!
Best explanation... Thank you mam
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Ur most welcome
Thank you very much, it is really a very understandable lesson, long live hands💙
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Glad you enjoyed it!
Thank you 🙏
Thank u so much mam....ur videos are easy to understand...😍😍
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
Thanks mam 🙏🙏
Thank you so much mam , it's very informative and helpful..
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for liking
very nice represented lecture
@doctorbhanuprakash
Жыл бұрын
Tysm
Thanks
Very good this class!
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
I'm glad you like it
Nice☺️👍
Thnk u mam!!!!!
what an explanation mam!!!!! tysm☺
@doctorbhanuprakash
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for liking
Thanku ma'am 🙏🙏🙏
Best teacher ever seen
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Tysm
Nice
Excellent efforts mam
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
It's my pleasure
Superb informative..
Thank you so much😍😍💗💗💗
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Tysm
Thank u mam understanding so easy
@doctorbhanuprakash
Ай бұрын
most welcome
NYC sis
Thank you Mem🙏
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
Thank you so much mam
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
Thank you
Next videos will provide soon..
Love to Mam from Pakistan ❤❤❤
Nice video
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you
which software do you use to represent different bones? could you please tell me
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
we have animation team who does the job
Mam plz make a video on ossification 🙏
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
sure
Thankyou mam
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
Most welcome 😊
If the mastroid patients did not do the surgery what happen in future in ear
Thank yoooouuuu so mucch👍
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Ur most welcome
Ma'am plzz make the next video on norma basalis
@doctorbhanuprakash
3 жыл бұрын
yes will be released soon
❤
Mamm very awesome lecture...one request pls put video on sphenoid and ethmoid bone ...pls pls mam
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
Okay sure
Mere mam kea notes esea thea .. pka es video dea screenshot lea ho gea 😂😂
זה לא נורמלי
Thank you
@doctorbhanuprakash
2 жыл бұрын
You're welcome