Amsterdam’s New ($46BN) Circeld Airport!

Ғылым және технология

Amsterdam is planning to construct a new Mega Airport, potentially located on an artificial island off the coast of the Netherlands.
This ambitious project aims to be one of the largest airports in Europe and involves significant engineering challenges. Today, we delve into the incredible engineering behind this mega airport and examine how it will revolutionize travel to Amsterdam.
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#amsterdam #schipholairport #schiphol #island #airport #thenetherlands #island

Пікірлер: 131

  • @Megalomanic_Builds
    @Megalomanic_Builds23 күн бұрын

    Thanks for watching, if you liked it, please support our channel with a subscription! 💙

  • @dazzeronline
    @dazzeronlineАй бұрын

    As Dutchie this is the first time of hearing this. Seeing how it’s designed it will probably not happen though.

  • @djrendo

    @djrendo

    27 күн бұрын

    It's an old idea out of the 80's. The same as the idea of a third Flevoland island that was officially canceled in 2007 but on the table from the 60's.

  • @lesserleeking

    @lesserleeking

    15 күн бұрын

    These videos are all click bait. I used to watch engineering videos but nowadays it's all rubbish. Most of these video's are fake.

  • @Oxyon84

    @Oxyon84

    13 күн бұрын

    @@lesserleeking Considering the fact there is a map with in big letter: DUTCH REPUBLIC like the UK is dutch now?... yeah don't take it to serious.

  • @harmquint4949

    @harmquint4949

    11 күн бұрын

    nl.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schiphol_op_Zee

  • @liepsan

    @liepsan

    12 сағат бұрын

    @@harmquint4949 Wow indeed! Never heard of it but after checking all those news sites, it is a plan that been on the table since 60's. It has last been mentioned in 2019. There has been a lot of pushback from environmentalists and the fact that seawater erodes equipment too fast.

  • @sanandaallsgood673
    @sanandaallsgood673Ай бұрын

    I find it consistently appalling how people buy/rent housing near airports and then complain about the noise. A good example is the Denver Airport which was built 17 miles east of Denver. Now there are hundreds of homes and hotels near the airport. I think anyone who buys a house near an airport should have to sign an agreement to NOT complain about the noise, which has dramatically decreased over the last few decades. Of course, if this airport in built in the North Sea, having housing nearby will be nearly impossible.

  • @Saaihead

    @Saaihead

    Ай бұрын

    The Netherlands are small. Schiphol has been extending since WW2, introducing noise and pollution to places where 1.5 million of people were already living. People don't move to airports, this airport came to them (us).

  • @sanandaallsgood673

    @sanandaallsgood673

    Ай бұрын

    @@Saaihead this might be true for Schiphol, but I was talking in general for major airports.

  • @Saaihead

    @Saaihead

    Ай бұрын

    @@sanandaallsgood673 True! Totally different story in countries like the US. :)

  • @Mark-vf8op

    @Mark-vf8op

    28 күн бұрын

    I find it consistently appalling how government change the calculations formule how you measure noise pollution to get their way….i find it also appalling that you need to sign a document that you can’t complain about the noise… so they can say….no complaints about the ppl in that area….I find it also appalling that there are no taxes on kerosene….I find it also appalling that this organization can keep expanding in flights….I find it also appalling that the airport is mostly used as a hub….

  • @andyhorvath6630

    @andyhorvath6630

    27 күн бұрын

    @@Saaihead That's simply not true. If you look at the growth of population around the airport in the last few decades you'll see that's a lie. People moved en mass to the vicinity of the airport since the 1970's (because of work and other benefits?) and then started to complain. Local governments are to blame too of course, they knowingly started all the housing development around the airport. Just take a look at Hoofddorp, Nieuw Vennep, Aalsmeer. There are relatively few people and families who lived all their lives in the area, but the majority of people complaining CHOSE to live by the airport.

  • @jackf1841
    @jackf184122 күн бұрын

    This is not even a 'plan'. It's pure fantasy.

  • @MN0TB3ATEN

    @MN0TB3ATEN

    9 күн бұрын

    Nah

  • @ksdmvcl.bnkjfsdkas1774

    @ksdmvcl.bnkjfsdkas1774

    6 күн бұрын

    ​@@MN0TB3ATENyes it is

  • @santinomamone2674
    @santinomamone2674Ай бұрын

    Netherlands is a kingdom

  • @AlphaMaximus808

    @AlphaMaximus808

    19 күн бұрын

    Correct, but on the map it shows the Dutch Republic, which existed from the late 1500s until the late 1700s

  • @edzedeboer9230

    @edzedeboer9230

    17 күн бұрын

    ​@AlphaMaximus808 Between the 1500's and 1700's Schiphol wasn't built yet.

  • @sonnylatchstring

    @sonnylatchstring

    22 сағат бұрын

    @@AlphaMaximus808 No it doesn't. There was no Northern Ireland, or Slovakia, nor Afsluitdijk in that period.

  • @michaelvandenbergh6882
    @michaelvandenbergh688229 күн бұрын

    Didn't the Dutch King graduate with a degree in History at Leiden university rather than get a Master's in water management?

  • @Megalomanic_Builds

    @Megalomanic_Builds

    29 күн бұрын

    Correct

  • @dutchman7623

    @dutchman7623

    27 күн бұрын

    And he is an international pilot for KLM/AirFrance.

  • @bjornhoekstra2796
    @bjornhoekstra279614 күн бұрын

    I live 3km from the schiphol and never had issues with noise or pollution. Its just like a background sound your are used to. It are mostly young families buying houses in new nearby ares who are complaining.

  • @CR7FANW

    @CR7FANW

    11 күн бұрын

    It looks fun to live next to airport i live in almere and i can see planes and see them good

  • @Dirk-van-den-Berg
    @Dirk-van-den-Berg26 күн бұрын

    One mstake: the king, Willem Alexander doesn't have a degree in watermanagement. Willem Alexander is a historian (he holds the drs title) and he studied watermanagement. He has no degree in that area (it would have required another 4 years of college) and is not an engineer.

  • @leonvanpetegem1663

    @leonvanpetegem1663

    17 күн бұрын

    Ik doe zelf watermanagement en je wilt niet weten hoe vaak ik hoor ja je doet dezelfde opleiding als de koning

  • @Dirk-van-den-Berg

    @Dirk-van-den-Berg

    17 күн бұрын

    @@leonvanpetegem1663Is het een officiele studie op ing- of ir-niveau, of is het een keuzevak binnen civiel ingenieur?

  • @leonvanpetegem1663

    @leonvanpetegem1663

    13 күн бұрын

    @@Dirk-van-den-Berg nee het is echt een studie mijne is op hbo niveau bij de Hogeschool Rotterdam maar je kan op universitair niveau bij Wageningen hetzelfde doen. Maar ik vind dat heel anders.

  • @Dirk-van-den-Berg

    @Dirk-van-den-Berg

    13 күн бұрын

    @@leonvanpetegem1663 Als ik het goed heb heeft Willem Alexander geen van beide gedaan, toch? Of heb jij andere informatie? Overigens opvallend dat het in Wageningen is, ik had eigenlijk Delft verwacht.

  • @leonvanpetegem1663

    @leonvanpetegem1663

    11 күн бұрын

    @@Dirk-van-den-Berg nee hij heeft de opleiding uitgevonden maar mensen zeggen altijd dat hij het heeft gedaan om een of andere reden

  • @abolakeshowmustafa4279
    @abolakeshowmustafa427929 күн бұрын

    its already been done with Kansai International Airport in Osaka, Japan! it was an engineering marvel until a problem arises when they found out it is sinking 2 cms. every year! Now the engineers are on a dilemma have to solve this clear and present danger on that said airport.

  • @67000bull
    @67000bullАй бұрын

    I trust the Dutch in doing it the right way for sure.

  • @user-zc9ju1dw5q
    @user-zc9ju1dw5q29 күн бұрын

    One issue with Schiphol is that the region does not have a prevailing wind direction. There is a need for a north-south and east-west runway, each some 5 km long. This would make the island rather large and it would have an enormous impact on water currents in the North Sea... not to mention shipping lanes. Also Schiphol has presently 5 main runways (and an aux. one), three north-south and two east-west. Usually one is in service for landing and one for take-offs (depending on wind direction and trying to limit noise in residential areas). On busy days, airplanes line up at 1 to 2 mins intervals for most of the day... For any Schiphol replacement to allow growth of air-traffic, the Island airport would have to have at least four main runways, probably five or six. The circular runway is a nice idea but would require lots of technical en regulatory work. And considering the number of planes, it would need two circular runways at least. It can be done, but the cost estimate will be on the low end... I'd say its more of a 100 billion Euros project. It will be much easier and cheaper to activate existing plans to use the "Outer Schiphol" airport, named Lelystad. Some 50 kms to the east in an agricultural area. It would need way better infrastructure like airport facilities, a railway station etc. Sure, there are tens of thousands of people living in the flight paths, but not 1.3 million.

  • @Coop3167
    @Coop3167Ай бұрын

    I live next to the airport, in fact I live on the Kaag runway for landings and takeoffs and have not issues with the Airport.. Sure at times its noisy but not all of the time

  • @Megalomanic_Builds

    @Megalomanic_Builds

    Ай бұрын

    That's interesting! Living so close to the airport must have its perks and challenges.

  • @TreinspotterDaniel

    @TreinspotterDaniel

    26 күн бұрын

    The same here i also live on a flight path to the Kaagbaan. I also have no Issues at al. The 9/10 times i dont even know that there is a plane flying above me.

  • @RealConstructor

    @RealConstructor

    25 күн бұрын

    @@Megalomanic_BuildsSchiphol Airport does a lot to minimize the noise pollution for surrounding towns. They have the benefit of six runways, so they can vary between five runways when the weather doesn’t play a role. The sixth (Oostbaan) is a short one and can only be used for landing in strong headwinds. I live under the approach of the Aalsmeer runway and planes go over my house at 650 meters height. This only takes about one or two hours at most and then they change the approach lane or the runway. I don’t mind this at all. The difficulty I have with Schiphol Airport are the heavy cargo planes at the brink of night and morning. At 00:30 to 02:00 and from 04:30 to 06:00. The panes are rattling in the window frames when they depart and you are rudely awakened by the rolling noise waves of 60 to 100dB. If they move the cargo to Amsterdam Lelystad Airport I would welcome this very very much.

  • @n7y8c7

    @n7y8c7

    21 күн бұрын

    Thanks for the info! I live very close to ATL and I'm certainly not bothered by the noise. Not to mention, the convenience is amazing.

  • @n7y8c7

    @n7y8c7

    21 күн бұрын

    ​@@Megalomanic_BuildsThe biggest perk is not having far to go to travel. My biggest worry is forgetting my passport. When it finally happened, I had the Uber take me back home with plenty of time to spare.

  • @johnkijkt2713
    @johnkijkt271326 күн бұрын

    I am dutch. Never heard of this plan let alone as a concrete plan. But i have been thinking for a long time why not the airport in the sea and using the free space left for great new city planning.

  • @Driekess
    @Driekess15 күн бұрын

    This is actually an interesting option since Schiphol's capacity is stagnating, but the demand is still rising. As a mega-hub of KLM, it would make sense to extend or exchange its infrastructure this way, considering the lack of space to grow on land, noise complaints, and corresponding housing issues. It could potentially, at some point, completely change its hub location as is happening with Dubai international airport changing to Al Maktoum international, a mega hub for Emirates in example.

  • @DutchPoliceChanel

    @DutchPoliceChanel

    15 күн бұрын

    Ze hebben inderdaad wat probleempjes eerst maar hun systeem updaten naar Windows 11…..

  • @sander001100
    @sander00110022 күн бұрын

    When I think beyond all limits, you can go a step Furter. If the Nord Sea airport is more located to the southwest, it is logical that this airport gets a connection with Great Brittan. So, this Nord Sea airport is not only an airport of the Netherlands but also of VK. Isn’t that amazing? And it also gives an alternative of the Eurotunnel from Calais to Dover. The location of Nord Sea airport should be between Rotterdam and The Hague on the one site and the Felixstowe at the other site. The main goal of this airport should be long-distance flight, with highspeed train connection with London, Birmingham, Manchester, Amsterdam, Berlin, and Northern Europe.

  • @Megalomanic_Builds

    @Megalomanic_Builds

    22 күн бұрын

    Fantastic idea! Do you contact the UK, Belgium, and The Netherlands? or should I do it 😉

  • @Xonarous

    @Xonarous

    14 күн бұрын

    Add Rotterdam to this as a connection

  • @Faaaatje82617
    @Faaaatje8261718 күн бұрын

    I’m Dutch and I have never heard about this

  • @BlackHawkNL
    @BlackHawkNL17 күн бұрын

    Hi there, I just wanna say I am absolutely stumped as I lived right next to Schiphol for the majority of my life and I must say you really get used to the noise. At my old place we had a plane fly over at least once every 7-10 minutes and at some point you barely even hear them anymore... I'm sure I'll comment once or twice more if I see something I recognize! Stay awesome man and thank you for unknowingly making my day with this!❤❤❤ Edit: this video topic alone earned you at least one new subscriber. 😊 Edit2: now that I watched the whole video it would have actually been lovely if I hadn't had to get used to the noise... And brother do we need more houses. A lot of young people who wanna move out can't do this because the houses are way too expensive 🫰🏽

  • @Megalomanic_Builds

    @Megalomanic_Builds

    17 күн бұрын

    Thank you @blackhawkNL! Much appreciated!

  • @BlackHawkNL

    @BlackHawkNL

    17 күн бұрын

    @@Megalomanic_Builds bruh I almost forget to actually subscribe 🤦🏼‍♂️ how unlike me to forget stuff *cough cough* you keep up the good work though your channel looks very educative I love that! 💯

  • @mavadelo
    @mavadeloКүн бұрын

    Note: There is a small error between 00:01 and 14:47, this small error being that there are no official proposals and/or suggestions made for a new airport. There are no plans or talks about moving the airport. Schiphol will not be moving in the coming decades.

  • @YourPilot-uq9nh
    @YourPilot-uq9nhАй бұрын

    great concept, a circled runway. that saves a lot of space

  • @Megalomanic_Builds
    @Megalomanic_BuildsАй бұрын

    Have you ever been to the old Amsterdam airport?

  • @slobodapeter

    @slobodapeter

    Ай бұрын

    Old? 🙂

  • @philtarpehdixon7441

    @philtarpehdixon7441

    26 күн бұрын

    Yes. They have great waffles.

  • @linesided
    @linesided26 күн бұрын

    I would love to live near an airport, lie by the pool and watch the planes land all day. Ahhhh.

  • @Megalomanic_Builds

    @Megalomanic_Builds

    26 күн бұрын

    Well then The Netherlands is a good place for you 😉

  • @singinglion82

    @singinglion82

    24 күн бұрын

    Me toooooo

  • @adj1256
    @adj12568 күн бұрын

    It makes sense

  • @DutchPoliceChanel
    @DutchPoliceChanel15 күн бұрын

    If they directly update their Windows system…..

  • @ashortone
    @ashortone26 күн бұрын

    Nice video ⚘️ thankyou

  • @janduijnstee1079
    @janduijnstee107927 күн бұрын

    I think it’s a good idea, but it’s too ‘perfect’ to work out. If they would do a airport on the northsea I think they would need to go all the way, like a boat or train to multiple places in the uk (because schiphol is already a place where people transfer a lot)

  • @AntonioSanchez-zl2vx
    @AntonioSanchez-zl2vx26 күн бұрын

    I live in Amsterdam southeast just 2 stop with The train from SCHIPHOL🇳🇱

  • @Mdgd63
    @Mdgd6324 күн бұрын

    The plan for the replacing airport in the Northsea is decades old and wil not be realised because of the costs!

  • @amrhiari9284
    @amrhiari9284Ай бұрын

    There always will be a problem of noise it never-ending even if they made far away from shores, they would kill coral or even sea life ,also there will be an ongoing cost to maintain the island its not a solution , making it on a land would be better with finding solution for the same problem without creating new challenges with island, for example make huge state of art sound barriers and many solutions could put into test.

  • @lucijanpraprotnik
    @lucijanpraprotnikАй бұрын

    I wonder if this project will ever be done???

  • @htimsid
    @htimsidАй бұрын

    Imagine deciding to live near to a very large airport or under one of its approach / departure routes.....and then complaining about the noise!

  • @Saaihead

    @Saaihead

    Ай бұрын

    Imagine living in a city where you were born and raised, really far from the airport, to find out one day the latest expansion of this far away airport will cause a continuous flow of airplanes above your house. The Netherlands is pretty small you know.

  • @user-zc9ju1dw5q

    @user-zc9ju1dw5q

    29 күн бұрын

    Yep... thats a Dutchman.

  • @leonvanpetegem1663

    @leonvanpetegem1663

    17 күн бұрын

    Please dont comment if you don’t live there. The airport expanded a lot more than was promised to the people. New runways caused new problems Schiphol never cared

  • @Renanleandro18
    @Renanleandro1824 күн бұрын

    I live here and this is not true AT ALL. Shiphol airport is under a renovation and this project proposal is just bullshit.

  • @ferdinandhendriks3507
    @ferdinandhendriks350729 күн бұрын

    With the increasing use of digital meeting and communications and decline of hub and spoke airline model, I doubt we need another airport. We aren't even going to use the already finished airport in Lelystad.

  • @rickylam1563
    @rickylam156323 күн бұрын

    One of the suggestions I want to make is that there is multiple miss match in the script and the video 4:16

  • @northbytrain
    @northbytrainАй бұрын

    Could you show the sources you used to create this video? I can't seem to find any news articles referencing this project, which is surprising considering how expensive it is. It may be because articles referencing it in Dutch, but you'd think that there would at least be 1 reliable article in English...

  • @TrotseHaarlemmer

    @TrotseHaarlemmer

    28 күн бұрын

    It has been proposed in the past. But this project is so extremely expensive that there is absolutely zero chance that this will be realised. There are no serious plans to do this and that is why you cannot find information about it.

  • @northbytrain

    @northbytrain

    28 күн бұрын

    @@TrotseHaarlemmer Makes sense- cheers.

  • @Benzelf
    @Benzelf20 күн бұрын

    The Netherlands is not a 'Dutch Republic' as shown in your presentation, but a Kingdom

  • @NLaertes
    @NLaertes22 күн бұрын

    Well...its gonna wreck employment in the local region. The airport in its current location provides a decent amount of jobs to people living in close proximity. Unemployment is gonna skyrocket...

  • @sxllee3461
    @sxllee346127 күн бұрын

    Lawdy… who’s gunna tell KZread ain’t no body care about ‘em ads right at beginning at every single video? lol

  • @marianandnorbert
    @marianandnorbert26 күн бұрын

    This sounds ridiculous, the north sea is famous for vile, strong and unpredictable winds. Building an airport right in the middle of it is a stupid idea, not to mention the insane amount of soil needed at such depths. All of our waterworks are at much shallower depths, this includes the Tweede Maasvlakte harbor extension mentioned in the video.

  • @leonvanpetegem1663

    @leonvanpetegem1663

    17 күн бұрын

    I think it was more a kind of fantasy plan

  • @iamChrisanoid
    @iamChrisanoid29 күн бұрын

    Have a look at schiphol airport

  • @galaticwarrior213
    @galaticwarrior21326 күн бұрын

    Didn’t they learn from Kansai or Kobe airport

  • @MurvMuzik
    @MurvMuzik13 күн бұрын

    How old is this plan?

  • @HaveyoumetKen
    @HaveyoumetKen29 күн бұрын

    Can they stop building these airports ON water? Especially since we all know water levels are rising???

  • @janplekkepoel5706
    @janplekkepoel570615 күн бұрын

    More than 20 years a go was the same idear all ready so it is to late

  • @maxgerritsen7918
    @maxgerritsen791813 күн бұрын

    6:21 sheephole airport?🤔😂😂😂

  • @kwasnydiesel4257
    @kwasnydiesel4257Ай бұрын

    that's never going to happen lol, only some MPs of the FvD mentioned it last year

  • @edzedeboer9230
    @edzedeboer923017 күн бұрын

    1:24 Dutch REPUBLIC??

  • @iamrowano
    @iamrowano29 күн бұрын

    The idea to built a new international airport in the Northsea is very old. I think it will happen one day, because Schiphol cant grow anymore, and the already bought airports in Flevoland for example are failed (for now)

  • @brettbijland9783
    @brettbijland978326 күн бұрын

    This idea has been moved away from years ago and never came past the 'idea' stage. It is not happening, The designs used are unofficial concepts.

  • @JanneWolterbeek
    @JanneWolterbeek15 күн бұрын

    I am Dutch, and this is at most an idea, definitely not a plan, so the video is somewhat misleading.

  • @skyblueo
    @skyblueo23 күн бұрын

    I hear a lot of terms used in greenwashing environmentally destructive projects.

  • @arsx4948
    @arsx494825 күн бұрын

    Wished you wouldn't say SHEphol /SHEEPhol or KanZai. Let's learn how say them correctly.

  • @GasuWG
    @GasuWG16 күн бұрын

    This is clearly an ai, the method of storytelling and language used is boring and repetitive. Nevertheless, interesting to watch

  • @vashonm
    @vashonmАй бұрын

    Will never be built lol

  • @SamsonOhsem
    @SamsonOhsemАй бұрын

    Is this the largest airport in Amsterdam ?

  • @martijnambrosius7364

    @martijnambrosius7364

    Ай бұрын

    The obly 1 we have like 3 big aiports in the whole country the rest is like for leisure or like only sees 1-10 comerical flights and 1 or 2 wirh bit more cargo aircraft

  • @Damian-zh8it

    @Damian-zh8it

    Ай бұрын

    Schiphol is the only airport near Amsterdam. The Netherlands has several airports (Rotterdam/The Hague, Eindhoven, Maastricht, Groningen for example) and Schiphol is the largest in The Netherlands and one of the largests of Europe

  • @Keikdv

    @Keikdv

    Ай бұрын

    there is no airport in Amsterdam... Missed the part from 03:20?

  • @Mark-vf8op
    @Mark-vf8op28 күн бұрын

    Not gonna happen….to expensive…and if they say 46billion it’s gonna be 92billion…

  • @hypernewlapse
    @hypernewlapse24 күн бұрын

    Japan did it first

  • @caseylwr
    @caseylwr7 күн бұрын

    I recon this video is purely AI generated. Never heard of these plans, a lot of footage is not from Schiphol or the Netherlands. As another commenter said; Pure fantasy. And when, oh when can they get the pronunciation right ! Oh.. yes its AI as well.

  • @JorisPauws
    @JorisPauws24 күн бұрын

    This will likely never be built tho

  • @efilhgih
    @efilhgihАй бұрын

    Osaka airport is sinking into the sea😂😂😂

  • @htimsid

    @htimsid

    Ай бұрын

    As described in this and the related video.

  • @persianary
    @persianary20 күн бұрын

    I live here. No such project exists. Completetely fake video. Don’t understand who would put energy into such thing.

  • @EditedByThijs
    @EditedByThijs16 күн бұрын

    If you make a video about a topic try to properly pronounce the names of places you're talking about this just sounds funny and unprofessional...

  • @Sollyst1909
    @Sollyst190929 күн бұрын

    Stupid projekt to the gabage can.. The noise from turbofan jet engines has been constantly decreasing over the last 50 years

  • @Keikdv
    @KeikdvАй бұрын

    I advise strongly that you first learn how to speak Dutch words BEFORE making a video. It is hilarious now and does take the quality of the video down.

  • @Megalomanic_Builds

    @Megalomanic_Builds

    Ай бұрын

    niet veel mensen spreken Nederlands

  • @user-zc9ju1dw5q

    @user-zc9ju1dw5q

    29 күн бұрын

    Yeah.. IJsselmeer was funny.

  • @sonnysantino7849
    @sonnysantino784923 күн бұрын

    nonsense video😂😂😂

  • @astro906
    @astro90624 күн бұрын

    Misguiding low effort video.. this is just not whats really happening, we wont see these ever

  • @Sollyst1909
    @Sollyst190929 күн бұрын

    Is it a joke? A foolish project. It must be scrapped immediately. The location in question is entry to Ijmuiden, The North Sea Canal and the Port of Amsterdam. It is the 4th busiest port in Europe by total cargo tonnage The draining of Markermeer was politically dropped in 2003. It was planned that part of Markerwaard was to be used for a relief airport. The noise from turbofan jet engines has decreased continuously over the last 50 years and will continue to do so for the next 50 years. Schiphol is conveniently and centrally located close to the customers. Motorways, roads and railways are built close to and under Schiphol. Many companies within many industries are located in and around Schiphol. All the customers and all the employees have to commute much longer = negative economic and environmental social interest. The construction site itself outside the North Sea and the demolition and removal of the existing airport will cause a huge additional emission of CO2. Roads and railways must be built through national parks out by the North Sea. The wind farms that have been built out in the North Sea must be removed again, even if they have only been there for a few years. They have cost billions of € to build.

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