American Cursive Handwriting | For Beginners
Тәжірибелік нұсқаулар және стиль
This video demonstrates how to write the traditional American cursive alphabet.
● Handwriting Worksheets:
• Cursive: www.etsy.com/charmscribbles/l...
• Print: www.etsy.com/charmscribbles/l...
• For Kids: www.etsy.com/charmscribbles/l...
● Pen:
• Sakura Gelly Roll Classic
» amzn.to/34ADTr7
● Music: Ikson - Ghost
» • #112 Ghosts (Official)
● Business Inquiries:
» charmscribbles@gmail.com
● Watch my other HANDWRITING VIDEOS:
» Cursive Handwriting | Words (A-Z): • Cursive Writing - Word...
» How to Write Neatly + Improve Your Handwriting: • How to Write Neatly + ...
» Writing Numbers: • Writing Numbers
» Writing Typographic Symbols: • Writing Typographic Sy...
● Amazon links are affiliate links. If you click through and make a purchase, I will get a commission at no extra cost to you.
#SakuraGellyRoll
Пікірлер: 2 100
● Handwriting Worksheets: • Print: www.etsy.com/charmscribbles/listing/773693331 • Cursive: www.etsy.com/charmscribbles/listing/844135327 • For Kids: www.etsy.com/charmscribbles/listing/857176860 Thank you :)
@notjacob53
4 жыл бұрын
Charm your writing is so good it should be a font, I hope that in the future you could maybe make one :D
@mochizuki-honami
4 жыл бұрын
Charm hello ! I just wanted to say thank you for the worksheet , i maybe will be using it :D
@SuriyaFt
4 жыл бұрын
Most of dislikes from doctors
@Midhbar
4 жыл бұрын
Can you upload again? :))
@elii5337
4 жыл бұрын
Hey what pen do you use?
Everyone’s here amazed by her cursive, while I’m here amazed by how smooth the pen writes
@jeylabocharova6438
4 жыл бұрын
Ardent Khloe Omg same!! I wish I had one like hers lol
@kaevarohan241
4 жыл бұрын
Yea me too
@aluna_planet
4 жыл бұрын
A lot of Japanese stationary brands make the smoothest and most wonderful gel pens. This one here is a Sakura Gelly Roll, and there are also similar ones like the Zebra Sarasara with cute colours.
@zero_prfctn
4 жыл бұрын
The pen is as perfect as her handwriting!
@hh.aav_en
4 жыл бұрын
Me too qwq
Whomever came up with the “Q” was high AF.
@kleenexlilojean1253
4 жыл бұрын
It's a 2
@hihowareya6861
4 жыл бұрын
Ikr
@miagrimard8654
4 жыл бұрын
Jeffrey Barker no, its like Q but not closed that's it
@wohdinhel
4 жыл бұрын
the T is weirder. it’s literally not even a T. it’s a fucking J.
@vcamie8755
4 жыл бұрын
😂
Me: **writes in cursive** My parents: “You have good handwriting.” Me: **watches this** Also me: *”I am a disgrace to hand kind.”*
@TitaniumTronic
3 жыл бұрын
Lmao you havent seen my handwriting yet
@Unidentified952
2 жыл бұрын
“HAND KIND” LMAOOO
@catterpawtter195
Жыл бұрын
"HAND KIND" _💀_
@wahahaha93
Жыл бұрын
@@catterpawtter195 You haven't seen mine. P.S (IT SUCKS)
@dopeboing
5 ай бұрын
SAMEEEE 😭
Timestamp for each letter: A - 0:04 B - 0:11 C - 0:20 D - 0:27 E - 0:35 F - 0:42 G - 0:52 H - 1:01 I - 1:10 J - 1:16 K - 1:24 L - 1:35 M - 1:43 N - 1:52 O - 2:01 P - 2:07 Q - 2:16 R - 2:24 S - 2:32 T - 2:39 U - 2:48 V - 2:56 W - 3:03 X - 3:13 Y - 3:22 Z - 3:31
@Unidentified952
2 жыл бұрын
Oh thank you thank you thank you I needed this so much-
@Unidentified952
2 жыл бұрын
I swear this comment should be pinned-
@catterpawtter195
Жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@Unidentified952
Жыл бұрын
@Maison hm? Edit: oh, the “-“ At the end of my comments? I don’t have a solid explanation other than, “i sometimes do that when I’m really excited when I’m typing”??? Lol sorry I can’t explain it better
@idontknow378
Жыл бұрын
Oh thx
when I was in elementary we had a writing chart that looked exactly like this. Fun fact, I can never write in plain print now, my handwriting is always a weird mishmash of print and cursive.
@elliedwy
4 жыл бұрын
lei ls same! I can’t do non-cursive d,a, or y’s anymore
@tinafifteen07
4 жыл бұрын
same! i cant do cursive a, e, b and y's
@jeylabocharova6438
4 жыл бұрын
E’s in cursive looks weird, mine is a mess too, I cannot keep the same for long time
@haniya9955
4 жыл бұрын
Same! But it is way messier than it should be...Credit to my teacher for reading my handwriting!
@diosnipple1315
4 жыл бұрын
oh my god i relate
Your handwriting Literally looks like a text book.
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Ahhh thank you 😊
@pastrychefalfred876
4 жыл бұрын
Actually you are not wrong. These are the standard cursive letters we were shown back in second grade. Once you learn these just use as a basis and then create your own flair
@dreampug7117
4 жыл бұрын
I’m American, and I saw her handwriting in my textbook in 2nd grade!!
@iamerickap
4 жыл бұрын
unemployed it looks so fake !! It also looks printed ! I wish I could write like that . 😇
@JTTVVLOGS
4 жыл бұрын
@@CharmScribbles you forgot to heart it
Everyone here is amazed by her cursive and the smooth writting pen she uses yet im here enjoying that soothing relaxing tune...
@wahahaha93
Жыл бұрын
BRO ME TOO
@samgalloway3012
Жыл бұрын
@@wahahaha93 🤣
Tell me why I thought the thumbnail said "American Chinese handwriting"
@chubbycatfish4573
3 жыл бұрын
You're farsighted.
@keshabaryal8789
3 жыл бұрын
A M E R I C A N - C H I N E S E
Y’all be talking about the Q BUT LOOK AT THE G LIKE-
@sleepy_elle3507
4 жыл бұрын
Luana Lopes my last name is Green, i’ve been using that G my whole life. how do you do your cursive G ??
@a.watsonishi
3 жыл бұрын
Huh its just normal r u just an alien that writes G incorrectly?
@raiarabastos3435
3 жыл бұрын
You know how she did the "g"? So, imagine that but they tried to do it bigger but they started doing the reverse way and didn't have enough ink to close the gap, so it looks like a "C" but with that turn the "g" has. It looks like this: images.app.goo.gl/XrSNxRMoYvXeuw7Q9
@acedcoffee6934
3 жыл бұрын
Ikr, looks like J
@GeoX242
3 жыл бұрын
@@sleepy_elle3507 lol my last name is Green but with an e at the end
Me: *has cursive handwriting* Me: *sees charms previous videos* Me: *gets inspired and switches to print handwriting* Me: *has a hard time but then gets used to it* Charm: *posts video on cursive writing* Me: why ;_;
@pastrychefalfred876
4 жыл бұрын
I find writing in print harder. I get hand fatigue much quicker writing print. So I stick with cursive. I only print when writing recipes
@9starzyy
4 жыл бұрын
Same I used to write in cursive and now print I regeret
@ngocminhnguyentran5330
4 жыл бұрын
as a lefty i find cursive much harder than print as it includes linking strokes between letters. it feels like i’m scratching the paper when writing that linking strokes 😞
@-loonatheworld
4 жыл бұрын
i write in cursive because it's better than my normal handwriting, but i wanna try and have print as another option too.
@deviplaysv
4 жыл бұрын
;-;
Came for the cursive, stayed for the music. (And that pen) thank you for the video :) great hand writing.
I love how you write them so quickly and so 🅒🅞🅞🅛
Would be nice if you share a PDF of them for practice.
@penmanproject
4 жыл бұрын
Hello. My channel has detailed instructions for every letter. You can download practice sheet from my video description too.
@SergioGomez-qe3kn
4 жыл бұрын
Go and see palmermethod.com/.
@amalahmad1306
4 жыл бұрын
The Penman Project ooooo jealousy???
@Jeb4100
4 жыл бұрын
@@amalahmad1306 Yep .
@aniyac9537
3 жыл бұрын
@@amalahmad1306 how is that jealousy? i swear yall take things to the night level ,they were clearly just showing you guys examples
I read the title as “american CUISINE handwriting”
@ajscarin
4 жыл бұрын
jaserrano xo I’m really glad I wasn’t the only one
@gracelynyang5245
4 жыл бұрын
jaserrano xo class please write your assignment in cuisine
@fem_mia9385
4 жыл бұрын
Whahahah samee here
@AngelHxze
4 жыл бұрын
Lmaoooo wtf this comment is the only reason I don't think it's still that. I thought I was just out of the loop and that's what they referred to this type of writing as 😂😂😂😂
@a.s.l.8491
4 жыл бұрын
I think you may be reading in cursive... (Sorry, I just love terrible puns)
Cursive handwriting always fascinated me, the way your hands move, it's as if youre dancing
I wish I was able to properly learn this in school! Back in the 3rd grade they started teaching us the first few letters but ran out of time. My teacher told us that our 4th grade teachers would teach us instead but that ended up being cancelled with them. 😅 My cursive is so bad because I've never had to use it beyond signing my name. I need to practice this more along with trying to write with my dominant hand more. I bet my handwriting would improve haha
I was actually taught to write in cursive in the second grade, and I have continued to use it ever since. I’m glad to know I’m not the only one who writes a capital q properly in cursive lol. It’s less time consuming for me when writing notes during lecture as well.
@josephmarbella2955
Жыл бұрын
i didnt
@RadenYohanesGunawan
4 ай бұрын
I like to completely write the Q. 😊
@nathanielcabansay4535
4 ай бұрын
I also use this style of handwriting normally with a few variations: 1. No initial loops on uppercase letters and no medial loops on some of them as well 2. Larger final loop on my uppercase D and uppercase O lower (as it will connect more easily to the other letters) 3. The downward stroke on the uppercase F and T start on the rightmost part rather than in the middle. 4. I fuse the bar on the uppercase F with the bottom part of the letter. 5. I start my uppercase I, lowercase m, lowercase n and lowercase z at x-height (middle of the writing line) instead of at the baseline. 6. I loop the downwards to upwards stroke of the uppercase P and R. 7. My V's (both upper and lowercase) are sharper to make them easier to distinguish from my U's. 8. My uppercase Q's either start slightly lower or have the top rounded more to make it resemble more of a Q than a 2.
That “Q” threw me off man.
@michimochi7041
3 жыл бұрын
The Q looks like a two it doesn’t really look hard but the G does-
@RadenYohanesGunawan
4 ай бұрын
Same, I didn’t remember to write it that way…
When public school fails you, so you have to learn cursive from a video. :D
Everybody gansta until 1 kid comes to the class and writes like this
@mermaidseablue6222
2 жыл бұрын
im that one kid 🤨⁉️
"I'm not gonna watch this!" ---- Falls into a trance after the letter 'C'
i like the cursive,smoothness and how the h did the pen didnt make any sound its amazing
Her handwritting is seriously smooth like butter 💜
The thing about handwriting, it's extremely unique to the writer. I write in script and people have stated my style is beautiful. I loved the way you use the pen for your own style here. I just watched another of your videos about consistent styles and legabillty, it was extremely informative.
@zipzapzop1085
4 жыл бұрын
Your comment is informative XD
@chris_the_heartbeat_lover.1994
2 жыл бұрын
True that. Each one's writing is unique. Agreed. Many people have told that my letters look great actually.
@leojyden345
Жыл бұрын
Ffd
@Lindzeeann2uuu
Жыл бұрын
This is actually the traditional style that was taught in schools. People then adopted their own style that is generally simpler with fewer curly-Qs and flourishes.
@apscafe
6 ай бұрын
Thanks for sharing your thoughts
Who wishes they can have this beautiful handwriting
@hipeople2928
4 жыл бұрын
I do!
@AbcdAbcd-hm4vj
4 жыл бұрын
Everyone in my country writes cursive I've never met anyone who writes in printed letters or block letters is what you call it.
@aliyahacosta6231
3 жыл бұрын
Mee😭
@mattsmith9348
3 жыл бұрын
My mother did. Was quite beautiful.
@TheRoadhammer379
3 жыл бұрын
Pretty much anyone over age 35 in the United States, writes like this. It was required as part of the curriculum.
Reason I’m here is because I’m from Jamaica and when I learnt cursive primary/elementary school, it was exactly like this. Seeing you write brings back memories and now I’m going to relearn how to write.
Finally I bumped into your channel that teaches the true cursive and not calligraphy. I grew up following this cursive style.
*how to get jealous to a beautiful hand-writing in 4 minutes*
@barsat27
3 жыл бұрын
카이스레Kaiii exactly 123 likes good job
@icecoffeewolf
3 жыл бұрын
Your profile pic is perfect
@waveshoffman6872
3 жыл бұрын
So true
@artursalomao6705
3 жыл бұрын
@@waveshoffman6872 s3
@davidarmitage22
2 жыл бұрын
Your profile pic is damn killing!!!
You have pretty hand writing! It's so nice and clean c:
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Robert Latorre Thank you so much! 🥰
@RobertL_
5 жыл бұрын
@Charm np! I'm trying to write more neat and even, and watching your videos help! Thank you
Back in 1987 , we are taught how to write cursive in school. This is a forgotten art.
2:16 I am so childish laughing at this 😂😂
@izabella1334
3 жыл бұрын
you're def not the only one laughing xD
@xd-tandem_slayer-xd8042
3 жыл бұрын
same
@cyburrsonsoundcloud9902
Жыл бұрын
i am not 2 years older and do not find this funny any more.
I’m literally so happy that you included what pen you used because I love pens and I was dying to know what it was.
@pinkapotamus9266
4 жыл бұрын
okay Me too! Looks so smoooooooth!
I love your handwriting💕
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
I d k Thank you! 🥰
Thank you so much for this video, my elementary school never taught us cursive, so I struggled a lot. This video helped me though. Thank you !
I amazed by how smooth the pen is
You can get a book from the library and easily teach yourself to write in any kind of script you love. I did that & now have great pride in my handwriting. You do have to practice but it's fairly easy!
Who else forgot how to do q and z lol? 😂
@princessspears8116
4 жыл бұрын
I forgot the 'Q' hahaha i dont even know that's what it looks like 😂😂😂 but the 'Z' i still remember😁
@ooTina00
4 жыл бұрын
I was only here for Zz lol
@wifeyduties7156
3 жыл бұрын
ME! but also the other alphabets
This is pleasing on a whole another level.
Finally a video where cursive is done correctly!
@areguapiri
Ай бұрын
The is British style cursive.
You have the best handwriting I have ever seen these people agree 👇👇
Early and I really want this handwriting and I love your handwriting , mine is so bad
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much! If you don’t like your handwriting, I made a video on how to improve it (kzread.info/dash/bejne/kYV1wbCMk7PSpJs.html) try to follow the tips and practice everyday. ✨
@emstert8665
5 жыл бұрын
@@CharmScribblesNo hate but, The link does not work because u forgot to add a space between it and the last ) Just thought you'd like to know. :)
@cheaire
5 жыл бұрын
not as bad as mine
@aliciapinto3879
4 жыл бұрын
@@andreea5433 ahahahah. Funny.
OH MY GOSH! THIS IS BEAUTIFUL!!!!!!!
Hey, I just wanted to add an update. It has been a month and I really have a nice cursive hand writing. This video helps me a lot! 🌼
Teacher: No Printing! Charm. Charm: Teacher, but it is my handwriting. Teacher: PROVE IT! * Charm write down some words * Teacher: *SHOOK* Edit: Thank you for the Likes! Edit 2:THAT IS THE MOST LIKES I HAVE EVER GOT!!!!!!!
@cheaire
5 жыл бұрын
Teacher: **suprised pickachu**
@sky-zl8pr
5 жыл бұрын
Hahaha so tru
@pluxioplux_1887
5 жыл бұрын
XD
@DXGamer001
5 жыл бұрын
*shooketh
@mrcaga4865
4 жыл бұрын
I saw u put the same comment in another video.
This is honestly just really soothing to watch
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
I love how you do it so neat📓📝
I am proud you are so good at cursive!!
Cursive used to be taught in Elementary School. Third Grade. It is a lost art.
@patriciajrs46
4 жыл бұрын
Exactly.
@rla26368
4 жыл бұрын
That is exactly when I learned it and this video shows the version that was taught. I was surprised to find different versions of cursive were taught depending on where and when. Silly me.
Your handwriting is so good! You should make more videos!
This brings back grammar school memories!!
Memories! I still use many of these.
It actually looks like it's printed! Nice job.
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you! ❤️
This is very inspiring. It motivates me to learn more. Keep up making videos like this.
These videos are so satisfying to watch
Wow! You have the best cursive handwriting Ive seened!
Wow so pretty!! 💜
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you ♥
This was so helpful! Thank you!
@katie15732
Жыл бұрын
I like your pfp
The ballpen ink looks so cool
NGL this is the most beautiful thing I've ever seen
Is that how cursive Qs look like My teacher told me lies
@softly.moonlit
4 жыл бұрын
there’s 2 main cursive styles, that’s how it looks in american cursive, you probably learned hannibal
@areguapiri
Ай бұрын
British style cursive is different.
I'm so jealous right now , you have beautiful hand writing :))
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you! Don't get jealous ヽ(•‿•)ノ
this is so chill
Thank you this helped me a lot . I will be practicing everyday
even though people tell me I already have beautiful handwriting, I want to write more beautifully like you 💕🥰
@eunoiasretro
4 жыл бұрын
Stop being to cheesy, weirdo
Wow to me as a European this was very interesting. I didn't know there were that many differences compared to how we write in my homecountry (Austria). Especially the capital G, i and Q are quite different. And that your capital letters often look like the small ones, but bigger. Like the capital M, that looks like a bigger m. I didn't know there were so many differences.
this is so relaxing i put it in my relaxing playlist
love this!!
Thank you so much im going to write this in my notebook thank you this really helps
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
you're welcome!
I need this because, (even though everyone in my class uses pen, including me) we have pen license. To earn that u need neat cursive, and when u get a certificate then u get a nice pen and a badge.
@asterrix
4 жыл бұрын
Wait... SAME
@friendusesthisaccountnocom9928
4 жыл бұрын
Humayra080 YT do we go to the same school I’m Samara in 6H
@asterrix
4 жыл бұрын
@Sami Ahmes i dont know I’m in 4C? We could be in the same school?
@friendusesthisaccountnocom9928
4 жыл бұрын
Humayra080 YT 4 Curtis?
@asterrix
4 жыл бұрын
Sami Ahmes what do you mean
Happy New Year Charm!
This video was oddly satisfying to watch. Very calming....how did I even get here?
Hi Charm! You should do a video on your updated print handwriting!
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
I will do in the future. Thanks for suggesting!
@annahmalima6320
5 жыл бұрын
Charm No problem! :D
It’s so satisfying let alone good 😲❤️
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you :-)
@aaliyahphull7764
5 жыл бұрын
Charm you deserve it u work So hard and inspire many people to improve their handwriting which means a lot to people xx❤️❤️😍 thank you !
This really helped! I’ve know cursive for years, and my bffs wanted to learn, so thank you!
I love how u teach us to learn cursive now i can do it thanks!!
I've been watching your videos and I was like the F?! How is that even possible..?
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
years of practice 😅
I subscribed, not to improve my handwriting, but because Charm’s is so satisfying
@CharmScribbles
4 жыл бұрын
Aw, you're the best! Thank you for subscribing! 🥰
I absolutely LOVE your handwriting! It's beautiful.
I loved the way you wrote the letter f in the lowercase
My handwriting depends on the pen HAAHHAAHH
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
mine too 😊
@DesiDeslei
3 жыл бұрын
I write better in pencil, somehow
@FizzaAlviyya
3 жыл бұрын
@Perfectly Imperfect mine too
Now I’m questioning who taught me cursive cause some of my letters don’t look like this but that might also be from forgetting how to write a letter so I mix print with cursive lmao 😂
this is the handwriting we’re supposed to write in at school, no print letters yet here I am trying to improve my writing lol
love the lofi in the back doe, and thanks p.s you are so good at it
Oh my! Your handwriting is SO nice, Clean, and neat. I love your channel, and your videos are super relaxing to watch! And how did you get such nice handwriting? Is it practise? I especially like how great of a job you did on cursive writing, Because I find it very hard. I've been trying to write neatly, But it I don't quite seem to improve, Especially writing the capitalized S. Anyways, I subscribed! 😁
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you for watching and for your kind words! We had handwriting classes (both Print and Cursive writing) in Grade School. During those days, I needed to work on multiple worksheets daily. Somehow, I adapted the handwriting style that was taught to me and has become a habit since then.
I have a very vivid memory about writing cursive K's So in kindergarten, my teacher was really trying to prepare her students for 1st grade, and one day she told everybody that we had to write lowercase cursive k's, and when we were done, we could just play around. But every time I showed my teacher the k I wrote, she said it wasn't good enough and after like 30 tries, I just broke down crying because i was just so frustrated because everybody else was having fun playing around, but I was stuck and just couldn't write a lowercase cursive k. TL;DR, I had a mental breakdown in kindergarten because I couldn't write a lowercase cursive k
@kursive.2244
2 жыл бұрын
She's a lame teacher for that she should have helped you or held your hand to do it, anyway its ok, your k's are perfect
@gardendormouse6479
2 жыл бұрын
And now, cursive is obsolete.
Omg the write was so smooth
This is just satisfying to watch
This is asmr for my eyes.
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
I'm happy to hear that this is satisfying. Thank you!
I love the way you control your hand whenever you are writing. So smooth and clean. At first, I thought it was a robot who was writing because of how straight you are writing the letters. By the way, you are one of the most underrated KZreadrs that does QUALITY hand lettering. You just earned a new subscriber! Keep up the good work hun. 😊
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
Aw, thank you so much for the love and the kind words! 😊❤️
Tysm! Now I know how to write cursive!
I love your videos ! your videos help me so much with my hand writing
The pen is 'Gelly Roll from Sakura.' Color is Black. You can get it from Amazon or Any Stationary Shop. BTW I have it. Thank me Later!
Early uwu!! ✨✨
@CharmScribbles
5 жыл бұрын
TsunekoTheNeko yay! Thanks for watching 😊
@ridaatif2408
4 жыл бұрын
Armyy!
@vvminako
4 жыл бұрын
anime fan haha yeah
@army_x7003
4 жыл бұрын
Armyy~ c:
@vvminako
4 жыл бұрын
Lil Meow Meow uwu Yeah!
This is so relax
Damn that's some good cursive handwriting if I've ever seen it. That's a skill I can greatly admire. It takes time to practice. After a while, looking as good as it does.
When you write it's so smooth, and wierdly satasfying to see the lines appear on the paper. (lol I'm being wierd again)
@tumnaka913
3 жыл бұрын
nope, not just you thinking about how satisfying it is that lines appear on the paper
Amazing! You should definitely consider teaching calligraphy or handwriting classes!
@speedyspin
5 жыл бұрын
that's not even close to calligraphy handwriting....you really need to do some research
@leilathebirb9117
5 жыл бұрын
RAAAYOS r/Iamverysmart
@speedyspin
5 жыл бұрын
@@leilathebirb9117 I don't know if you are very smart... Im just telling you that calligraphy is something very different
@leilathebirb9117
5 жыл бұрын
RAAAYOS well, it *clearly* says on the video “American Cursive”. That doesn’t necessarily mean she doesn’t have the skill to write some damn calligraphy
I still write in cursive from time to time, for me I'll feel like writing in cursive for a few months straight then go back to print Glad to know cursive despite it not being used anymore, in fact it's not taught anymore, from what I heard at least
My mom is making me learn cursive, although not only was this helpful I might actually consider learning it with actual curiosity and not just by force by my mom.
@TOPLEVEL1
Жыл бұрын
They stopped teaching cursive in schools in the 1990 so we have to learn it our self 🙃