Accelerator Science: Collider vs. Fixed Target
Ғылым және технология
Particle physics experiments employ high energy particle accelerators to make their measurements. However there are many kinds of particle accelerators with many interesting techniques. One important dichotomy is whether one takes a particle beam and have it hit a stationary target of atoms, or whether one takes two counter rotating beams of particles and smashes them together head on. In this video, Fermilab’s Dr. Don Lincoln explains the pros and cons of these two powerful methods of exploring the rules of the universe.
Пікірлер: 52
Love the shout-out to the engineers!! The problems they solve are immense... not as 'sexy' as the ones theorists solve, but at least as tricky and difficult... Cheers to them!
@passthebutterrobot2600
4 жыл бұрын
Yup. They're every bit as important as the scientists. NASA, for example, would be be nowhere without their engineers.
I guess they read the comments, thank you for using SI units!
You guys make such cool videos for the general public. In order to understand more about this field and many others I started to study math and physics at a collage level so thank you very much and make and keep on filming more of this ;)
Thank goodness! Another video! LOVE this channel!
Thanks great video!! If you guys could upload a little more often, that'll be great!
exceptional channel, never disappoints. thanks for the content, much appreciated
Don, please make a play list with just your videos!
Thank you for your informative uploads :)
Legend says if I get here early enough a Fermi physicist wills reply to me :D
@Frankyjones1000
7 жыл бұрын
I guess you need to ask a question first!
@DavidODuvall
7 жыл бұрын
The legends are true. You can go thru older videos and see the replies to some of them.
@DerMitWieWoOhneNamen
7 жыл бұрын
Good day to you, Sir. I'm a Fermi physicist in a parallel dimension who just happened to invent dimension travelling. As far as I can tell already, the differences between my and your dimension are rather small. Only a few different historic outcomes and also you guys are humans instead of cats. But other than that, everthing's almost the same.
awesome explanation, thank you very much :)
Indications are, they are wonderful!
But seriously, this was both interesting and helpful!
LOL...at 6:14 well that really sums it up. Love how you are educational and funny
Great explanation for the common folk!
1:24 that van Gogh reference is intriguing
what is the fixed target made of? how can it be so solid when we're talking about subatomic particles, how do we prevent them from just going through?
Sear , can you do more videos about luminosity , Please
You are the best
I always thought there was only a "collider mode". I wonder what would happen if you collide a particle beam against a "moving" fixed target (a moving wall).
If two particle beams travel at the speed of light in the opposite directions and crash, what is their speed with respect to the other?
@Israel220500
6 жыл бұрын
One of the postulates of special relativity is: "The speed of light is the same in all frames of reference". Therefore, no matter what is your speed, the speed of a particle traveling at the speed of light relative to you is always the speed of light. Mind-blowing, but that's how universe works.
@passthebutterrobot2600
4 жыл бұрын
They would be approaching each other at 1 x the speed of light from the perspective of either beam, just as it would be of they were both going at 0.5 x the speed of light. However, as you approach the speed of light, momentum increases (which is equivalent to mass increasing), so you get a more energetic collision by getting both beams a close to the speed of light as possible.
Please make video on spin
You need also try the third mode, moving target and fixed bunch, to see if deBroglie waves are still true for a target with slots, (I suggest uranium atoms, first, for their double-nuclear end-to-end-single-slot forms, against electrons for their wave properties or-not)....
@rkpetry
7 жыл бұрын
We should also ask the question of how-much, velocity, does a brick wall need to equal a second vehicle moving at equal-but-opposite velocity....
@rkpetry
7 жыл бұрын
Practical differences like this should remind astro-physicists that kinetic energy isn't rest mass because it does not cause fast moving particles to nucleate new particles the way standing potential energy does-so the expanding cosmos, by gravity, increases particle mass: which gives the false reading of dark energy....
@rkpetry
7 жыл бұрын
If my subcomment flew too fast, just remember deBroglie wavelength in the Bohr model of atoms, as the cosmos slows its expansion by gravity, particles gain rest mass, which shortens electron waves, which shrink atoms, which densify SN1A's, which triggers them sooner, so now they're darker-against earlier were brighter...
"Counter rotating beams" but meaning 'counter revolving beams'...
I never knew blue ray was such a practical name
Woop-woop time to be educated again!
6:08 Accelerate two pins of ... thorium?
Everyone knows E=MC2... so when people bring it up. You need to say. "Yes, but everyone also knows that SG=MR2". (Formula for surface gravity) so you sound smart. :D
hey guys....can u use a better mic...i wl really appreciate it...thnx
If two cars have the same velocity, how could they collide? They are going in the same direction, no?
@zzzyzzzyzzzyxxx
4 жыл бұрын
@pass the butter Velocity is a vector quantity - it has both magnitude (aka speed) and direction.
The pronunciation of Broglie is wrong, you should say " bʁœj ", or as a french would say "breuil"
@SampleroftheMultiverse
7 жыл бұрын
An that is why Fermi Lab is in the land of Lincoln.
@physicself
5 жыл бұрын
I pronounced it the same way in one of my videos and someone commented the same thing... I was so embarrassed!!! Phonetically, it seems to be ''de broy' or 'the broy'... yes?
I don't know much about particle collisions, but i know the car part of you analogy has been tested and its well proven that 2 cars exactly alike, colliding head on at the same speeds will cause the same damage to each car as one car hitting the wall at the same speed (combined, twice the speed, but also twice the damage because of 2 cars) so the analogy doesn't work very well as the particles did about a 10th of the damage when hitting wall vs head on.
@Psyadin2
7 жыл бұрын
***** thank you for clearing that up, he did say a wall, would've been more clear if he explained it wasnt a solid object
@Lucius_Chiaraviglio
5 жыл бұрын
That depends upon whether the wall holds up. If the wall breaks, then part of the energy goes into moving the pieces. When you shoot a target with an accelerator beam, it breaks on at least a microscopic scale, even if it looks intact afterwards -- any atom that gets hit isn't going to stay in its original location.
@passthebutterrobot2600
4 жыл бұрын
No analogy bears close examination
It's only pretty tough
I wonder if there are any psychic physicists….I imagine they’d be hella good at predicting the outcome of an experiment.
Love these videos, however that really isn't how you pronounce de Broglie :/
boring