Hello. Another reasonably substantial video for the first true Queen Of England. Although I expect the next video to, also, take a substantial amount of time to complete, I do hope that I will be able to get back to uploading quicker than I have been in the last few videos. Lots of information to choose from and digest with the Tudors. Also, I did make an error in this video. Mary was betrothed to the Duke of Orleans at one point, but at the time it was Henry, the future Henry II off France, not Charles as I state in the video, although he would eventually become Duke of Orleans after 1536. I have added this to the "Errors and Corrections" section of the video description. I hope you are all well, and thank you for your interest in the video. Cheers.

@johnhaydu2627

2 жыл бұрын

Your videos on English Royalty are some of my favorite on youtube

@kalevader

2 жыл бұрын

Take your time dude. What ever it takes to get through them all!

@blairstelter7581

2 жыл бұрын

I love your videos sir, I use them in the classroom.

@BriefHistoryOfficial

2 жыл бұрын

Hello. I'm flattered to hear that. Thanks for sharing and for your interest in the channel. Cheers!

The fact that these are coming out in the order of monarchy is so incredibly satisfying.

@crabsy6452

Жыл бұрын

Its much easier to understand the “storyline” if they are in order instead of just doing The most popular first

@vanillagorilla

Жыл бұрын

@@crabsy6452 absolutely!

I have never heard anyone question whether Mary was “simple-minded”. I had always read that she was intelligent.

@cplmpcocptcl6306

10 ай бұрын

Yep. Just another slam.

@SavageDarksider-sw7rp

10 ай бұрын

​@@cplmpcocptcl6306 Mary wasn't"Simple-Minded" but she did misread her husband. She really thought Philip loved her.

@rosecoloredtimes

5 ай бұрын

I had never heard this, either

@xavisanchez7522

Ай бұрын

@@SavageDarksider-sw7rp she was playing with phillip like all other nobles and monarchs troughout europe because phillip was just too short and too dumb, thats why in 1577 there had their first payment default.

Once again, you do an absolutely amazing job working with all of this information and laying it out as something digestible and easy to follow. I think Mary is a massively overlooked figure in the monarchy (though I don’t care too much for the Tudors usually in part due to their being oversaturated in media when compared to the Plantagenets or Stuarts) and I think your tendency to do the best you can to remind your audience that these truly were just people in a different time in positions of power really brought a lot to talking about her. So many people boil Mary down to “she burned Protestants” and forget everything she went through that makes her an interesting person to learn about. Once again, fantastic job and I can’t wait for the next one!

@user-jy9yg2yj6u

2 ай бұрын

????

03:25 In reality Spanish Infantas were all highly educated in case they had to take the throne themselves from previous events in Spanish history. Catherine could speak several languages and was educated in diplomacy and politics, governance. That was the tragedy of what befell her later and why she fought as she did. It is therefore certain that Mary was also educated to as high a standard as possible, even though that was not a priority at English court with princesses at the time.

@xavisanchez7522

Ай бұрын

And OBVIOUSLY, nothing in spanish castilian language becuse elizabeth, caterina and maria are all from the same family native origin, the Darragon or Trastamena, NATIVE CATALAN speakers. Since phillip of aubsburg that catalan language was the language of mainstream in europe, then the prior kings before philip , the catholics decided to create a new language and a new kingdom called castile, imposing phillip that new language elsewhere. Thats why in everywhere they speak spanish they have already their native language,like in africa, america or asia and europe.

Another wonderful video. I am obsessed with the history of the English monarchy, but i still learn new things in all of your videos. Keep up the good work!

I’ve been stalking this channel for the last week, eager for the next video. YAY! Super excited now 🥰🥰

Fabulous effort, and thank you. It is astonishing history, the woman's role, rightful role, and the amazing Elizabeth that followed.

I've been waiting for this video. If Mary had any children; they would be Tudor-Habsburgs.

@michellestone1261

2 жыл бұрын

Yep bad combo

@nassimboussaadia6720

Жыл бұрын

They would have a big empire.

@nassimboussaadia6720

Жыл бұрын

@@michellestone1261 As long as they dont have their father's chin they'll be fine

@cplmpcocptcl6306

10 ай бұрын

@@nassimboussaadia6720😂😂😂Was thinking the same.

@xavisanchez7522

Ай бұрын

@@nassimboussaadia6720that was the goal of phillip but mary was the one who decided everyone in their home and mind your business, as she was clearly agaisnt what phillip wanted to create,a pre nazi world with everyone speaking his newly invented language,the castilian language, inexistent before middle 16 century

I watched all of your productions, and frankly it's really exciting, and very, very well done. You have done a remarkable job of research and writing, it's great! I am a French journalist specialising in history and heritage, and I have to say that I admire your achievements. Bravo !

@BriefHistoryOfficial

2 жыл бұрын

Bonjour! Merci pour les mots gentilles. J'espere que je peux continuer faire videos interessantes et aussi, j'espere que je peux faire des videos avec l'histoire de france un jour. Je pense que cest tres interessant. Je suis desole en avance pour mon francais mauvais. Cheers and Thank you!

Love your videos mate, really looking forward to the next one! I’m a huge Tudor enthusiast and find this era by far the most fascinating period. I find your delivery of the material really engaging and think the music really compliments your material. I often listen to them on the train and walk to work! Keep it up!

I listen to history all the time and this is the best video I e heard about Mary I. Well done!! Your hard work is appreciated! I'm a new subscriber because I'm so impressed with the details of your video so thank you!!

Poor Mary. I can never think about her without becoming annoyed with her nickname....Bloody Mary. So unfair that she is regarded in such a one-dimensional way. She did not deserve the name any more than other monarchs. I have heard people say that she killed so many people in such a short period, ergo she was bloodier than most. Not even CLOSE to the truth. Sure, her dad ruled longer, but he executed an estimated 2000/year (!), and by barbaric, psychopathic methods !! In comparison, Mary was a sweetie pie. Obviously, burning was a painful, protracted method of execution, but hanging someone in chains meant that their death might take DAYS !! Hanging-drawing-and-quartering was purposefully torturous. Henry was a monster, but he is not known as "Fat Bastard", but as "Good King Hal" (at least in his time).

Thanks for another great, fascinating video! I'm looking forward to the next one on Elizabeth I. To be sure, a large undertaking paramount to your Henry VIII video.

Excellent video! I’ve watched so many videos about Mary I yet I still learned new things!

Have viewed several of your well researched and insightfully narrated videos and subscribed. Your channel will surely succeed and l will certainly share, well done!

I'll never understand why she was called Bloody Mary when several kings did things that were bloodied! Great vid!

@gonefishing167

2 жыл бұрын

These days I think it would be called PR. Her father and her sister killed far more people than Mary but, by slandering Mary, it made Elizabeth look better. The name was not in use until Elizabeth ascended the throne. I’m not saying Mary was an Angel, she certainly got rid of quite a few ‘heretics’ during her reign. Must admit, Elizabeth started out not wanting to kill anyone but, as today, give some people an inch snd they’ll take a mile. Peoples greed and lust for power never ends it seems. She’s never been one of my favourites but one must be fair. 👵👵👵👵🇦🇺🇦🇺🇦🇺🇦🇺🙏🙏🙏

@heathergarnham9555

2 жыл бұрын

Generally what people would ignore from a king, they have issue with from a Queen, women are supposed to be gentle, mild and passive. Look at the Plantagenet women, many where reviled for their behaviour that none would bat an eye at if they were men.

@carinafourie9119

Жыл бұрын

Protestant Propaganda blackened her name. Sadly, many historians today jump on that bandwagon and refer to her as “Bloody Mary” as some sort of clickbait to lure in people who would otherwise not have been interested in the first proclaimed and crowned Queen Regnant of England and who can’t be bothered to try and understand her life in the context of the times she lived in. If they did, they would find her to be the least cruel of all the Tudors compared to the deaths ordered by her father and half-siblings.

Henry VIII called Mary “My Pearl in the world”

I always look forward to these videos.

Excellent count down appraisal of complicated and difficult situations! Compliments and congratulations on this achievement!l

looking forward to this one, I've gotta watch all the other videos to get up to Mary though.

Waiting for the next one now!

fascinating. depth of info is amazing

Really great videos so glad I found this channel

Mary's portrait of her holding the rose looks so realistic. I feel as though I'm staring at a photo. I dare say that it's extremely accurate to how she looked.

Archbishop Cranmer was a martyr. Yes initially he recanted his Faith to spare his life, but in the end, he made a statement by having the hand that signed the recantation to be burned first as he was being burned at the stake... Mary I earned the sobriquet "Bloody Mary" as she truly was her father's daughter & definitely a granddaughter of the "Catholic Monarchs" Ferdinand II & Isabella I of what is now Spain. She exhibited their (her grandparents) zeal for the Catholic Faith...

@TheLeonhamm

2 жыл бұрын

Yes, he was a martyr, for the then politically overthrown English Protestantism (that of Edward VI, not Henry VIII) .. he was a politically dangerous recalcitrant heretic for English Catholicism (and vice versa, of course, for dangerous Catholics under the Protestant establishment). Mary, by the way, was very popular with a majority of her subjects, who were more-or-less Catholics - not yet Puritan Protestants; she was 'Good Queen Mary', and her reformation of how Catholicism 'worked', practically, in England was not only successful, even within five years, it became a kind of template for the Counter-Reformation movement. No, not the capital punishment of political opponents of the regime, for religious reasons, although these continued under Elizabeth (Bloody Bess - to Catholics), but the actual formation of ministers, the experience of the laity, and the emphasis on their faith as a matter of culture (rather than mere custom or open cronyism); a specific English National Protestantism, after some trials and tribulations, actually learned a good deal from Mary's practical reforms, retaining some of its 'Catholicism' though without all papism (e.g. some disciplined theological schooling, rather than collegiate studies alone, a faithful episcopate, instead of simple family preferment, etc). History is a wonder! ;o)

@cplmpcocptcl6306

10 ай бұрын

@@TheLeonhammExcellent, just excellent.👍🏻

Great Video man. I believe even if Mary did marry young; she couldn't have children.

Fascinating informative and interesting video on the life and tumultuous Reign Queen Mary I the daughter King Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.

Another excellent video! Can’t wait for the next one. Also, once you complete England’s monarchs do you have anything lined up next?

@BriefHistoryOfficial

2 жыл бұрын

Hello. Yes I have pretty well decided, what I am going to do next, although I will not be disclosing that at this point. I still have a substantial amount of work with regards to the english/british monarchs in front of me, so I am not getting ahead of myself quite yet. Nevertheless, I hope i am able to get to that point. Cheers, and thank you for the question!

@raecoffey

2 жыл бұрын

@@BriefHistoryOfficial awesome! Can’t wait!

@CountessKitten

2 жыл бұрын

Please do The French Monarchy! Please, please, please lol. I am obsessed with all European Monarchies though, so any of them would be greatly appreciated!

An ecxcellent and balanced presentation based on good research.

She had a difficult life, that cannot be argued. One can almost pity her. She did fall in love once, perhaps twice. The later being her husband. One wonders, if she would have witnessed a few of those burnings, would she have killed so nonchalantly. A question that cannot be answered.

Only five years as queen 😳 that explains alot Excellent work 👏👏

Well he called her "his pearl in the world" and also she went to the same school as princes did "Ludlow" Katherine of aarogan demanded that mary had a good education and Katherine's mother was a queen who shared rule with her husband ferdanan so hun yah very good documentary and effort very well done hun thumbs up

2 thumbs up!!! Amazing channel

Great stuff. I usually avoid Tudor docs because they've been done to death and they're all pretty much the same info, but yours taught me a lot of new things.

Please do a series on the Plantagenets next

@SavageDarksider-sw7rp

10 ай бұрын

He already did them.

This is a great video man.I’m waiting for George IV

Strange to think Katherine of Aragon wouldn’t have educated her only daughter to the highest of standards

Some say Matilda should have been the first Queen, a few hundred years earlier. She was a very capable and clever lady, should have been. All male alternatives at the time were idiots

@jamellfoster6029

2 жыл бұрын

I agree...

@Ashurbanipal7446

10 ай бұрын

Matilda was unfortunately unsuitable to become monarch as her style, that of a holy roman emperor/ess, was contradictory to the english order.

@--legion

7 ай бұрын

She was power-mad and unpopular with the English. They refused to let her into London.

Thank you. Re: burial. They are in the same tomb, not side by side; Elizabeth lies above Mary. Re their relationship - Mary showed Elizabeth a lot of kindness when she was young and even petitioned for her to have new clothes etc after Anne died, and Elizabeth virtually forgotten in clothes that didn’t fit etc.

I saw some other video, but....really???When do you breath? It is even so hard for one to keep up and the information is so precious.... I'll find some other video Thank you anyway!

Yes!!!!!!! Imam have a Good morning listening to this.

A lot of people think that Henry lightly threw away Katherine of Aragon but they were together for 23 YEARS and he waited SEVEN YEARS to marry Anne Boyln

Earlier today I was thinking, wasn’t Lady Jane Grey the first crowned Queen of England? She only last 9 days, but does that matter?

I’m surprised anybody on the Yorkist side survived pass Henry eighth how did that happen.

@leanie5234

2 жыл бұрын

Ha ha....Cardinal Pole hid out on the continent.

Excellent video! Just came across it; sorry for the lateness. One thing: Mary was betrothed to who would become Charles V, not the first.

@BriefHistoryOfficial

Жыл бұрын

Hello. Thanks for the comment. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor was Charles I Of Spain, prior to becoming Emperor. Cheers

@lisarodriguez6790

Жыл бұрын

@@BriefHistoryOfficial ah! I should have known - just like James I of Scotland and VI of England. I defer to the expert.

That painting looks like Former president Gerald Ford in drag

The creepy start up music scares the hell out of me every time

This contrary to everything I've read or studied previously

Good job, but the Duke of Orleans in the 1520s and early 1530s was Henri, Charles didn’t get the title until 1536.

@BriefHistoryOfficial

2 жыл бұрын

This is absolutely correct, and an error on my part. Thank you for bringing this to my attention. I will add this to the errors and corrections section of the video description. Again thank you for pointing this out! Cheers!

I thought jane was the 9 day queen?

There is suspicions of syphilis in the Tudor family line, Henry 8 from. Edward VI and Mary I sucommed from it, some theorise, but Elizabeth I escaped it.

@barbaralamson7450

2 жыл бұрын

Never heard that one.

John Rogers is my 13th great-grandfather. Most of his descendants are Mormon, but I am Catholic. Ironic! ;)

@nassimboussaadia6720

Жыл бұрын

Didn't John Roger encouraged Edward VI to burn Joan Bocher.

Once again....another great video. Yet, it acts as 1 LONG RUN-ON SENTENCE WITH NO BREAKS in-betw. It's exhausting to get through even when slowing down the speed. I would say, slow down. Take a break. Breath in and provide intermittent gaps or breaks between the variant sections of your presentation. If you are worried about the length of your video becoming too long then, perhaps consider a 2 part video, instead.

QUESTION: Do you think that her years of ostracism, and 'demotion' as a young girl might be at the heart of what turned her once pious heart, to a black heart?

Got some things right, but she was titled as princess of Wales. The first of the queens.

@BriefHistoryOfficial

10 ай бұрын

Hello. Thanks for the comment. The sources I used to formulate the video are in the video description. One of these sources is a book titled "Mary Tudor" by David Loades. In his book David writes "At about the same time Mary, equipped with a similar establishment, was sent to the west to ‘bear the face of the king’ in Wales and the marches. She was not, however, formally constituted Princess of Wales, which would have confirmed her position as heir to the throne.[16] Henry was keeping his options open, and at the same time separating the child from what he probably saw as the overweening influence of her mother. With hindsight this looks like an ominous move, but at the time it was a sensible precaution. If the queen was also annoyed by this, she was wise enough not to show it." Cheers

What will you do after completing the English royalty ? 😢

@BriefHistoryOfficial

2 жыл бұрын

I pretty much have decided what I will do if I make it to the end of the english/british monarch series, although I am not at liberty to disclose that at this point as it can always change ;)

@historycentral8543

2 жыл бұрын

@@BriefHistoryOfficial thx for letting me know cant wait for what's instore

All Henry's children were highly educated Henry had the best tutors of the age its well documented

I looks to me as if Catherine of Aragon has a bit of the Hapsburg jaw.

I love how the narrator called this "Brief" yet he spends A hour talking about Mary. Anyway, Mary life was tragic; Philip didn't love her or find her attractive whatsoever (...) He was hoping after he married Mary he could sideline and control her.

@patrickols

Жыл бұрын

One hour when talking about a person entire life is very brief

Mary, rule so scary.

I don’t really like Mary Tudor, but I do have sympathy for her abysmal childhood. Being unable to have any contact with her mother who loved her deeply, and the complete disregard shown to her by her father. I think that it drove her towards severe depression and mental illness alongside her poor health, phantom pregnancy and difficult marriage. Unfortunately she wasn’t the most attractive woman in both personality and physically - unsurprising given her miserable childhood - and seemingly inherited her father’s looks (as seen in portrait paintings). Philip of Spain only married so he could take the English crown alongside her and was likely hoping to sideline and control her. He barely saw her during their marriage and seemingly left at the first opportunity in order to return to Spain. Mary was much older than him when they married and he’d already been widowed, I believe that he initially hoped to have greater authority upon his marriage and even to retain the throne after her death, not really caring about having children with her. She led a life of utter despair and didn’t seem to be able to catch a break….

@savagedarksider2147

Жыл бұрын

Mary wanted to marry Charles at first but he rejected her and offered his only- Legitimate son- Philip.

My favorite sovereign of all time

Well done, grade- A

Caterine: henry, i tell you what you have to do to be powerful Henry: tell me Cath: broke relations with the catholic church, make denization laws and bring all the navy tech from the catalans Henry : what i would achieve? Cath : you will gain the trade route access to america, and gain a part of the conquest gains. Henry : what would the emperor say( charles V) ? Cath : the emperor is old and dumb, his son is even worse, so we are going to loot and take everything from them. Henry: how many wives do I need? Do we need to hide Anne of Bretagne so no one can trace the links to your ancestors line? Cath : no need, official history will be sufficient to hide all what is needed to hide.

Why do you feel that way she wanted to take a dark turn and kill she curious people because she warships the devil

Mary is just like her father Henry XIII

@nassimboussaadia6720

Жыл бұрын

There are no kings called Henry XIII

Her mother made sure Mary as well eduated she taught her latin Catherine was very involved

A sad story!!

I've always read that Mary was called bloody Mary because of what she did to her slaves she had in her castle??? but you didn't mention it why??? 9/15/22 Thursday 8:47am

@nassimboussaadia6720

Жыл бұрын

Elizabeth I was the one with black slaves.

RIP Denis Waterman

5 years.. Aurelian...

Thank you John Rodgers for your sacrifice for our Protestant Faith...

Wonder if she had a bad case of Endometriosis ...that shit can be bad news

35:51

I used to have nightmares about her as a kid.

👍👏✌

7

There are more catholics who died during Elizabeth's reign than Mary. Elizabeth deserves the title Bloody, no! "Elizabeth Bloodiest."

@leanie5234

2 жыл бұрын

Sigh...in both cases, the monarch reacted to attacks by condemning the attackers. Initially, neither good lady wanted to kill simply for religious affiliation.

As a Roman Catholic child growing up in 1950s England I was taught that she was a near saint as she tried to bring the RC religion back. Elizabeth l was the cruel persecutor of the Catholic martyrs. Of course we never heard of the protestant martyrs killed under Mary's rule. I suspect that most C of E students were never taught of the RC martyrs. Of course Elizabeth very cleverly had the hung drawn and quartered as treasonous rather than burnt as heretics. They were 2 sides of a bad coin.

@--legion

7 ай бұрын

Mary in her very short reign burnt hundreds including 60 women, a nun, and a pregnant woman. She has the reputation she deserves.

She put a relative of mine to the fire. He was a protestant minister.

@rabbitss11

29 күн бұрын

Mary was mad for cats too, she was a Cat-o-holic

And by the way she was assassinated by the phillip squad man, trough poison

That thumbnail looks like Dennis Waterman

Mary hated Anne and Henry by the time he met Ane had totally cut Mary off from her mother nothing easy about it also he had affairs before but Anne refused to be just another mistress she wanted commitment I cannot blame her this video while good does not go into that enough if Anne did dislike Mary it was surely due to Henry pitting them against each other

and our king jamie the 6th ,gets the last laugh ,and walks into the English throne without a drop of blood split ,to replace the barren tudors .........long live the Stuarts

Mary was a religiouse FANATIC.........

Power mad lunatic like her father

Bloody Mary…Mary - loo’s idol…

Now she’s a drink 😂👌

You mean 17 not 21

Elizabeth was the greatest queen england ever had.

This is my 11th Great Grandmother. I was so into this video. You stated that she never had a child. According to my family tree she gave birth to a son July 8th 1845. His name was Don Carlos..

@BriefHistoryOfficial

2 жыл бұрын

Hello, Mary was childless. Don Carlos (aka Carlos, Prince of Asturias) was the son of Mary's husband Philip II of Spain and his first wife Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal. He was born in 1545 , 9 years before Philip married Mary in 1554, and was allegedly severely mentally disturbed. Cheers.

@krisdeas2999

2 жыл бұрын

@@BriefHistoryOfficial Thank you very much for clearing that up for me. I will make sure that it get's changed on my family tree. Once again thank you.

@lili99941

Жыл бұрын

Honey; Mary I died in 1558...

In short, everything - or very nearly everything - you were ever taught about Good Queen Mary, i.e. Mary I, aka Bloody Mary, was false (or at least very misleading). She was a Tudor monarch, and did Tudor monarchical things, in a very Tudor monarchic way (against the best advice offered). The unfortunate thing for her: she was a fervent Catholic .. but an even more vehement form of Protestantism eventually prevailed (to write both popular legend and scholarly history). Whoddah efur thunk it! God bless. ;o)

@Baltic_Hammer6162

2 жыл бұрын

You may be onto something on the ripple effect of her fervent actions. Its like the Roman persecutions of the early Christian believers making more believers/followers instead of the desired frightening them to drop the idea. When the general population saw how calmly they faced certain fate, even becoming more invigorated with their faith and then going to the burning stakes stoically, that's gets people thinking there's something special going on and I'm going to check it out. To paraphrase Genesis 50....what man meant for evil, God turned it for the good in order to preserve a great number of people. Mary's actions heated up the Puritan movement as well as others to find a safe place to live and practice their faith in peace.

@TheLeonhamm

2 жыл бұрын

@@Baltic_Hammer6162 Yes, that sounds entirely reasonable .. however, I am not quite sure it was the Protestants' calm defiance alone that made the general public think, their sheer numbers - sentenced to a dreadful capital punishment - would have been remarked on. Most English Catholics just wanted their own, rather comfortable, piously devotional old religion - as eventually, most English Protestants came to love in their own old religion - Mary was rather too 'Tudor' (Johnny come lately) for that easy genius to rest easily; Elizabeth I seemed a more hopeful bet, to begin with - at least in her promises, as did James I, but both were just as determined to impose their own brand of the new religion as Edward VI had been .. and so more bodies mounted up and more martyrs were made (the big difference being that Elizabeth lived long enough to see that her imposition became as English as the 'English' themselves, good, bad, and largely indifferent .. though patriotic). ;o)

@pbohearn

2 жыл бұрын

Yea she persecuted sone Protestants, following this, was the outright rape of Ireland and persecution of Irish Catholics for 400 years.

@Baltic_Hammer6162

2 жыл бұрын

@@TheLeonhamm Why did the Vatican/popes go to such violent and cruel lengths of torture and murder for centuries? The answer starts in Genesis 3 and goes to the end of Revelation.

@TheLeonhamm

2 жыл бұрын

@@Baltic_Hammer6162 They didn't. Relatively few people were condemned to capital punishment as convicted criminals in the Papal States; as for torture, it was severely restricted, as a legal means to extract confessions. Since the Vatican City State was founded, 1929, capital punishment was limited to assassination attempts against the person of the pope, there were none, and the punishment was dropped entirely from the statutes in 1969. Wiki does a good-ish job of showing the recorded deaths by capital punishment in the Papal States, under the popes or under French Control (1798-1815) - a massive increase is shown under the French regulations (more in line with the common procedures of secular governments at the time); but note the reasons for the death penalty: murder, armed robbery, rebellion, drug-dealing (witchcraft/ occultism), and sexual perversion/ social disorder (heresy) .. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_the_Papal_States P.S. The State does have the right to defend itself, as does the individual, justifiably, even up to the death of the assailant (the meaning of the sword): Rom 13 : 4 (this includes even the state ruled customarily by the pope; n.b. after the end of Roman imperialism in the West ecclesiastical leaders were often the only authority remaining intact amid lawlessness and chaos - and they were recognised as the governing or judicial authority; this gradually disappeared as secular governments establish effective civil services, courts, judges, lawyers, inquests, police et al).

It’s too bad her parents named her after a drink

History all too often leaves a confusing, or inaccurate, and too-often even all- gether false narrative. The ignominious title givin her is entirely unfair. My own reasons I've no doubt many would be uninterested in. 1:04:42

Luke 6 ( people are trees) A Tree and Its Fruit 43 “No good tree bears bad fruit, nor does a bad tree bear good fruit. 44 Each tree is recognized by its own fruit. People do not pick figs from thornbushes, or grapes from briers. 45 A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of. ( Generational Sins!)

Mary certainly wasn't simple. She took the throne from lady Jane grey. She has the intelligence not to execute Elizabeth. Her half sister who was known as the greatest Queen of England. Their father was not a man of the future.

You do know that Mary's brutality is the reason why no CATHOLIC can ever sit on Englands' Throne again ??????????

Mary 1 is someone once you read about her you get conflicted as you get the tru Mary and not the propaganda onse that is way more badly presented then how she truly was

I don't agree with your portrayal of Mary, you seem biased against her.