That t-shirt was a super touch.

@ClayGordon

3 жыл бұрын

I see what you did there.

@MuttFitness

3 жыл бұрын

Super Don, and his symmetric moustache

Don must be walking the thin line to be precise enough to not to upset fellow scientists, but say it in such a way so we could still understand the concept, good job!

@xisotopex

2 жыл бұрын

good scientists dont take things personally when they have professional differences

Hi Doctor Lincoln. I just want to wish you a good day.

Just realised this is the only youtube channel that I've watched every single episode within 24 hours of its release - (normally it's within a few minutes). Great stuff Dr Don. Many thanks

"I don't believe in string theory, but I like it and hope is right". Oh if we could hear things like this from politicians...

@KuK137

3 жыл бұрын

If only you could have whole population with good scientific education, you'd most certainly hear that. Only then right wingers and fascists wouldn't exist in measurable quantities...

@RS-ls7mm

3 жыл бұрын

@@KuK137 How childish. I have been in the high tech industry all my life. The only left wingers were the janitors.

@Vasharan

3 жыл бұрын

Any economic theory ever. Also, every economist ever.

@sardinhunt

3 жыл бұрын

@@RS-ls7mm this

@blackrasputin3356

3 жыл бұрын

I don't believe in Climate Change, but I like it and hope it is right. Amidoinitrite?

Wow! These episodes just keep getting better!

I discovered these videos yesterday and it's instantly one of my physics playlist mainstays. Dr. Don has an excellent calming way of wading through these complex concepts and always has a little dad joke for us. Thank you for sharing your knowledge!

Theres one thing I don't understand. When Gravity is "not a force" but curvature of spacetime, why are scientist searching a Graviton particle?

@taw3e8

3 жыл бұрын

theories that have gravitons have same predictions as GR so they are equally good (in this aspect at least)

@TurinTuramber

3 жыл бұрын

Only *one* thing in quantum physics that you don't understand? 🙂

@KaiseruSoze

3 жыл бұрын

Its more like a test of how well we understand the nature of "force". Given that gravitons don't fit into the standard model tells us that "force" is still not well understood. I.e., QM and GR are still just placeholders until something better comes along.

@mogenslysemose6757

3 жыл бұрын

Because we concluded that light was only electromagnetic waves, and that was explaining almost everything, but not the photo electric effect, which Einstein easily explained assuming light was a quantised packet (a "photon"). And thus the mutually exclusive wave/particle duality of light was born, and it later was seen that electrons behave the same way, and this lead to quantum mechanics. So if we expect all forces to be quantised, ie have particle/wave duality, then gravity also must. Ironically, Einstein helped the birth of quantum mechanics that he despised. Our theoretical descriptions are only models. When we say that light is a particle or a wave, that is just a description, in reality it is something that behaves like one or the other given the circumstances. Someone clever said "all models are wrong, but some are useful anyway". And thus GR is also just a model, and not necessarily the ultimate truth.

@gunsandkithes6900

3 жыл бұрын

think of it as Quantized fields. Bits and pieces of fields exerting the force. In Quantum world, everything needs to in discrete form. So, yes in a classical sense Einstein is right and useful. But to unify the force with other forces at a Quantum level, We need discrete Quantum form of space-time. We need quantized fields that can interact with particles like Light same way other forces do at Quantum Level. To be honest, the Question particle physicists ask is not how graviton and space-time fabric's curvature can co-exist, rather they ask if they can play the same Bosons for Force game they played with other 3 forces.

I appreciate that you keep an open mind even to those theories that do not appeal to you.

Keep these videos comming on Don! love your geek sense of humor 🤓👍

Always look forward to & enjoy Dr. Don's weekly videos, even if, most of the time, I don't understand or comprehend the matter of the discussion! 👍👍😉😉

Thanks Doctor Lincoln, amusing and informative as usual. Keep up the good work.

The absolutely best thing about the new format is always spending half to two -thirds of your time answering the questions about last week’s lesson! ✊🤓💜

I knew that you were Superman, Don

Don speaks with such clarity, he's a joy to learn from.

This episode was particularly good, and the questions were especially good one's. No kidding, that equation was scary. The "family tree" of the forces was the most useful depiction I've seen. I loved the reference to dark matter and dark energy to epicycles. Hadn't thought of that analogy specifically, but I felt the same way and have had ongoing debate with my son for the last six years on the subject. He has no issue with Dark Matter simply being an accepted "thing". But then again, he also thinks there are only 8 planets, and all of us adults know there are nine. Kids. Long live Pluto.

@wayneyadams

3 жыл бұрын

I assume you mean the equation at 1:50, and yes it is scary, even to me, but then again, I only have an M.S. in physics and that was not my area of study. To put it another way, that equation is way above my paygrade. LOL

@vikramgupta2326

3 жыл бұрын

@@wayneyadams Yes, you are correct, that equation. Well then since I only have a BS in Mechanical Engineering, it's unquestionably above my pay grade.

@Turnoutburndown

8 ай бұрын

But there are galaxies without dark matter, which seems to add credence to the theory that dark matter is a thing!

Thanks for these cool videos!

Thank you, Dr. Lincoln.

Very good questions this episode

THANK YOU... PROFESSOR LINCOLN...!!!

I think someone should never take off his glasses or we may discover his secret identity. 😊

@BillFromTheHill100

3 жыл бұрын

Jeffrey Dalmer?

@dlevi67

3 жыл бұрын

I suspect the t-shirt was more of a reference to supersymmetry than to super-Don...

First, Dr. Lincoln, thanks for always having a smile at the intro to the show, the intro to the viewer questions, and the outro. I admit, it's contagious. Second, in follow-up to the question at 7:34 -- Wouldn't a group of flatlanders in a 3D world (let's call them "spherelanders") record a smaller intrinsic force than the spherelanders for any given force? If the flatlanders are somehow bound up in a plane and forbidden from being lifted out of that plane in a third-dimensional direction, it seems like they wouldn't experience any of the force moving in a three-dimensional way, i.e. if I'm a spherelander stationed above the Earth's equator, I'm being pulled on by the Earth at the equator, but also by the mass of the Earth located in North America and South America (I'm over the western hemisphere for this example). If anything, the force would only exert a pressure on the whole plane (or at least the local area), but it seems like that ought to be uniformly distributed over the flatlander's observable space and so cancels out. The mass of the continents above and below the equator doesn't exist as far as the flatlander is concerned, so wouldn't they record a smaller gravitational pull which would be consistent with a 1/r reduction in strength as the force propagates out from the source of the force?

Is it possible that the apparent 'weakness' of gravity is due to it not being a direct matter-matter interaction, but it being instead a matter-spacetime interaction? If so, the effect of matter on spacetime would be modulated by the 'stiffness' of the metric, and the apparent effect of matter-matter interactions would be due to the 'distortion shadow' of separated masses acting on other masses. If the fabric of spacetime is very stiff, the effect of aggregations of matter upon it become very small, since the force is drastically reduced by the intervening step.

" its possible, and we continue to look for it..." spoken like a true scientist despite personal feelings about a theory

I love how much brow furrowing Dr. Don is doing in this video. His skepticism is written all over his forehead

Thank you so much for another fantastic video. Really appreciate you giving some insight into the reason why extra dimensions are being considered for the unification of the forces. One thing that has always perplexed me about black holes. I have heard that if you could look backwards as you fall into a black hole, you will see time speed up behind you as you fall into the compressed time/space interface before the event horizon. If that is the case, wouldn't someone from the outside just see you slow down and then stop altogether before you fall in? How does a black hole actually move in space, if directly around it is a slither of space/time that has effected stopped in some kind of weird time stasis? Obviously I am mistaken but I cannot see the way out, it is like I am stuck in that field right now! OMG!

Hi Don, I read that the information in a system is proportional to area rather than volume, and that this means the universe is holographic. Will you do an episode on this?

@gunsandkithes6900

3 жыл бұрын

Space-time fan?

Always fun in an absolute sense. Definitely more fun that watching bad football. Thanks, Dr. Don.

Dr Don for me is Professor Don! It's time you promote ;-) Thank you for another interesting video! The Subatomic Stories are excellent.

@drdon5205

3 жыл бұрын

Technically, Dr. Don is senior scientist (i.e. full professor) Don. But it doesn't have the same friendly ring to it.

@adrian.banninksy

3 жыл бұрын

You're right, professor sounds more friendly. I myself have a MSc degree, my son always said: you are a master, right, a master in disaster.

Hi Don, love the show, keep up the good work! I have a question if I may? You mentioned in comment responses that gravity travels at the speed of light, but that makes me wonder, how does gravity from inside a black hole near the central singularity climb the gravity well to escape when light in the same position cannot? How can the space next to singularity tell the space further out "I'm more curved than you" when that information needs to travel faster than light to get there? Does that imply there a maximum amount space can be curved? Could black holes be smooth inside and look the same from the outside? I'm confused!

What leads to the prediction that the Higgs Boson should be much more massive than observed?

@42875475653431325466

3 жыл бұрын

Basically, there's two 14 digit numbers that are the same except for the last digit, which determines the mass of the higgs. Physicists consider this unnatural because it's "unlikely" that those numbers would be the same, and supersymmetry gives a reason for why those numbers are actually likely. Unfortunately, this isn't actually a "problem" because weird numbers without a reason behind them pop up in physics all the time. We knew something had to be somewhere around the energies the lhc was searching because if the higgs wasn't our math got super fucked up, which meant that even if we didn't find it we knew we'd learn something. Unfortunately, we have no such convenient energy-based problems at hand except for fake "our numbers don't look nice :(" issues like the higgs problem. There are a couple actual problems, like neutron lifespan, the muon magnetic moment, certain qualities of the neutrino, and so on. Unfortunately, there are no strong leads right now and we're essentially stuck doing the universes taxes to see if we can catch it cheating.

@blenderpanzi

3 жыл бұрын

@@42875475653431325466 "there are no strong leads right now and we're essentially stuck doing the universes taxes to see if we can catch it cheating." That's a great description of the current situation of physics!

The more I watch this series, the more I like it :D

Hi, after watching your video about the big bang recently. I cannot help but ask your opinion. It is my understanding that the Higgs fields density changes (although what causes it to change alludes me). As the fields density is (thankfully) currently at a level where it allows for complex matter to exist, could it be the case that the Higgs field changed at the time where big band occurred, allowing interactions between matter to occur?

More!!

Einstein : "go crazy" Accomplishments 100 years later :

My Positron Collider wasn’t calibrated correctly and the manual didn’t help; to get it to work, I had to come up with a new equation. Here it is: Fermions and Bosons living together = Mass Higgsteria! I ain’t afraid of bad jokes.

@jaxwhyland

3 жыл бұрын

Ha! Nice one

Idea - If the candidate equation is large its an indication its a checksum in text in equation form. Vunrable things need proven checksums. Idea2 - You must classify the forces within its surroundings. Assume everything are functions with coefficients then it will sample it surroundings and adapt accordingly. That is, change its coeffs.

why is that equation sooo big? i mean imagine someone actually understanding every part of it. thanks a lot for explaining it like that. it felt comprehensible.

Hi Dr.Lincoln , can u explain why only certain physical quantities exhibit symmetry and conservation and not all? Does the fundamental forces play vital role in it?

Sir, since space and energy (due to GTR) affect each other can they be same things like energy and mass. Are they same things with different manifestation because quantum fluctuations are everywhere in space???

@chandanchandan-kl6zo

3 жыл бұрын

I think since quantum fluctuations are everywhere in space there must be some link between space-time and energy(other than GTR). Space can be the byproduct of energy or quantum fluctuations. Don will make it clear........

@vipulverma2645

3 жыл бұрын

"General relativity tells us that what we call space is just another feature of the gravitational field of the universe, so space and space-time can and do not exist apart from the matter and energy that creates the gravitational field. " -"Gravity Probe B - Special & General Relativity Questions and Answers" einstein.stanford.edu/content/relativity/a11332.html

Hi, Don, I have a question. The tl;dr of it is "Is there any principled difference between matter and anti-matter?" but I'll try to make it more precise. I'll start by recalling some stuff you know just so we're on the same page: When you represent a particle under the standard model, you often represent it as an irrep that is operated on by matrices etc. If you transpose that irrep, swapping rows and columns, you get a representation of the corresponding antiparticle. Is there any basis for saying that the conventionally normal particles (electrons, quarks etc) are the One True Set of column-wise particles while conventional antiparticles are the natural row-wise ones? If for some reason I represented a mixed bunch (say positrons and quarks) all column-wise, would any difficulties arise?

I have a question that I have been wondering about for some time ... If, to calculate the corrections to the S matrix, we have to consider all possible Feynman diagrams, that is, we consider all SM interactions, even if we want to calculate the electron-electron interaction that does not have a color charge, we could calculate the same interaction without strong force and compare the results, this way we would get some information about strong force. So the question is: could we use this method to predict new forces, and if so, did such theories arise?

@taw3e8

3 жыл бұрын

@Robin Hack thanks for answer :)

Don, i'm super sorry to sound dumb with this question, but, which "type" of energy that you talk about in the case of the lhc? Is it kinectic energy? If it is, is that the same type of energy that is used to plot the (energy x force strength) on gut and toe?

I like and respect the frank talk this teacher have.

12:05 iirc Copernicus's heliocentric model still utilized epicycles, so we didn't get rid of epicycles until we started to figure out ellipses in astronomy.

@drdon5205

3 жыл бұрын

Fair enough.

Dr. Lincoln, Would you please speak about the frame dragging and what maybe happening in the realm of subatomic world? Can be frame dragging so extreme that exceeds the surrounding light speed? (e.g.: rotating black hole...) What happening inside a particles when they are accelerating? It seems particles are defining the local reality and gives reference to space... Without particles the 3 dimensional space could not be interpreted and probably it would collapse to singularity? This would be the decay of the void? The end of the universe would end not with the evaporation of the black holes but the collapse of the void between them?

Could you explain more on super unification please sorry about all of questions?

When are you going to discuss "Super Asymmetry?" Don't forget, Sheldon, with some minor help from Amy, won a Nobel Prize for that theory. In fact, it was so ground breaking that he won it less than a year after it was published.

@COTU9

3 жыл бұрын

Not possible. Talking about it would bring this back to being Super Symmetrical in a way, that should this be covered here, the universe may well want to resolve the paradox for us in an unfortunate way....

@MuttFitness

3 жыл бұрын

@@COTU9 ah, Douglas Adams' theory

@wayneyadams

3 жыл бұрын

@@MuttFitness It has been so long since I read the "Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy" that I don't remember if it was discussed there. But, if it was, it is not surprising that they would revive it for the "Big Bang Theory," they did a lot of that kind of stuff on the show.

Hi Dr. Lincoln, Do you mind to please explain why putting a high potential electric field across a cloud chamber produces more visible particle tracks than without the field? There are differing explanations floating around for this, but nothing very clear and certainly no consensus. Thanks.

You pointed out that gravity waves and light arrived 1.7 seconds apart from an event that occurred 130 million light years apart. Do we have any idea why there was any difference at all between these events?

11:47 "He was right...again!". 😄

Good

Is it possible that the Higgs field could have multiple "frequencies?" that seperate matter from interacting or is this simply what could be called another universe in the same space ( not sure how to ask what I'm thinking )

The news media loves theoretical physics news. Is there a reliable place to find news on experimental findings?

Hi Dr. Don!....In standard model of particle physics their are carrier particles for all the fundamental forces except gravity (graviton)...hypothetical...but my question is that how particles are responsible for any force to act...?? Like Electromagnetic force due to photon ?? How..?

@taw3e8

3 жыл бұрын

google Feynman Diagrams :)

@geeteshlashkari8260

3 жыл бұрын

@@taw3e8 Thanks, I'll have a look on it.

If Einstein is 100% correct about gravity and it's purely the curvature of Space Time, would this totally rule out gravitons and make a theory of everything even more improbable? I wish more people (outside my influence) would watch your videos. Listening to you saying we shouldn't dismiss something just because we don't like it (until proven or disproven of course) is a breath of fresh air.

@drdon5205

3 жыл бұрын

If Einstein were 100% correct, yes. But we know he is not 100% correct. In fact, we are 100% certain he is not correct at small scales.

@Michael75579

3 жыл бұрын

GR is clearly a very good approximation to reality at large scales, but the fact that it predicts that the singularity at the heart of a black hole has zero size and infinite density shows that it doesn't work on the very small scale. Any quantum theory of gravity would have to make predictions that looked a lot like GR on the large scale, just as the results of QM look a lot like classical theories in many cases on a large scale. Sean Carroll has some interesting ideas which involve "gravitising" QM rather than trying to quantise GR. kzread.info/dash/bejne/iKyYydmYhpOZdps.html

@ColinJonesPonder

3 жыл бұрын

Thank you. This is what makes physics and discovery fascinating.

please explain what is the Higgs branch and Coulomb branch and what are their significances. thanks

Hi, Don!! great episode as usual!! You say that dark matter could be or not the explanation for extra gravity measurements, but it seems dark energy is real. But we allways see energy going through space, gravity bends space, and expansion has to do with stretching or creation of space, because galaxies don´t move, it´s space in beetween which increases, so, what does dark energy do? create space ? or stretch an existing space? where does that energy come from? if there´s no space before exist new space, or if stretches space, is creating distance, so it´s new space, but if it´s not an energy that pushes matter like the others, is like another kind of energy never seen? Have been observed any kind of particle in the vacum or space that can create or stretch space? can we call it energy something that creates space? It´s the same which created space for the first time? Space is Expanding from the begging of universe, why dark energy only in this stage? Don: total thanks!!!

Does the Scharnhorst Effect explain why gravity waves arrived slightly before gamma rays?

Yes, I do like this series. Even though I understand about 20% of it.

If there are extra dimensions that a force can project into, then for that force spacetime takes on the characteristics of a _sponge,_ that soaks up some of that force. Or you could compare the effect of the extra dimensions as a kind of viscosity that applies to a force's magnitude.

As the lightest predicted supersymmetric particles failed to materialize so far, there is some talk about building scaled up colliders to hunt them down. Sabine Hossenfelder mentioned in one of her commentaries, that the Standard Model does not predict any new particles for the next 15 or so orders of magnitude, and thus it is quite doubtful if it pays to build colliders with even higher energies than the LHC. Could you elaborate on that?

Could you explain more on susy doesn't explain why Higgs boson mass is so low please ?

I heard in some models of string theory where universe decays; susy is not needed. Is that right.

Your views on Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, please!

@joseraulcapablanca8564

3 жыл бұрын

I believe doctor Lincoln has said elsewhere that he is not convinced by CCC. I believe also that professor penrose himself sees a number of problems With the theory, however Penrose is the type to come With newer Versions of theories all the time.

Why does the strong force increase with distance? You explained earlier in the video how a force like gravity 'spreads out' over space and thus becomes weaker with distance.

Is the group of possible supyersymmetry permutations finite?

it would have been neat if after 9:00 it showed an example of e.g. with 1 large dimension and one small dimension, and showed how the apparent force varied with distance in that case. If the whole thing is like a tube where the circumference around it is l, and the distance from the thing is R, the set of points with distance R away, for large enough R, should be 4R arcsine(l/(2R)) I think. Which, for R larger compared to l , should be approximately constant, just like in the 1 dimensional case. (and so dividing by it should also be approximately constant, just like the 1 dimensional case). I don't know if the "the measure of the region a given distance away" thing still works out quite the same with the small dimensions though? Uh, I guess the question is whether the flux through the boundary, uh, if the field strength is perpendicular to the boundary everywhere on the boundary? and, I guess, it probably would be? Ok yeah, I think that makes sense? And so, as R goes to infinity, this would result in the apparent force approaching (intrinsic force)/(2l) I think? I'm not sure though. Can someone who knows what they're talking about confirm?

Oh wow! It wasn't my comment that was answered, but I had that same question about gravity's strength re other forces

Physics is a mess to me, but thanks to you I'm learning English pretty well..THX😉👍

Suppose we found that frequency affected the speed of light. Would that mean that the speed of gamma rays would be relative like other velocities? Would they have a rest frame? And would they have mass?

Sir the weak force is limited because it’s force carriers have mass does this means that the the strong force must also have mass

3;38 What are the issues with the Higgs boson?

Hi Don, how often do you questions Einstein’s theories?

@Boogaboioringale

3 жыл бұрын

Every time you realize that Einstein used the hard work of Newton, Maxwell and especially Max Planck to developer his theories.

At least this time! I already asked question wether the space time expansion and space time falling into singularity has same reason because both singularity and regions outside universe don't have space time?

I have a question about the answer to a question: If the higgs field dissapears at higher energy, is there another particular field it unifies with at that point like the weak and electromagnetic fields do at high temperatures?

@drdon5205

3 жыл бұрын

Maybe. So far, there is no indication that it does. But physics is an exploratory science.

@OldGamerNoob

3 жыл бұрын

@@drdon5205 At least based on the theoretical calculations, if the mechanism where it dissapears at high temperatures is different than the electroweak force I would be interested in seeing an episode explaining this 🤔

If we have measured the force of gravity to drop at a ratio of 1/r2, this may imply that there are only 3 dimensions, but could this just be a limit of our measuring? Could it be that the force drops at a ratio of 1/r3 but that we just can't measure the impact of the additional factor?

Question, in Multiverse theory’s - what are the multiverse in (higher dimension) called - Hyperspace or something else.

Is there any way to know or quantify if a phonton(light) has passed you

How does the strong force keep hadrons together and what would the colors be of a hadron with more than 3 quarks?

Some have proposed that a proton can decay. How could that happen and how might we detect it?

@MikeRosoftJH

3 жыл бұрын

Basically: take a huge amount of protons (ordinary matter), and observe it for a period of time in order to see if you can discover the evidence of proton decay. Supersymmetric theories predict that such decay is possible (for example, proton -> positron + neutral meson); but we haven't found positive evidence of such decays (lower limit on the half-life is over 10^34 years).

Hello Don, could interaction or not with light be a property of matter. Giving the impression that dark matter is nothing but matter with an inverse property.

Early helocentric models, including Copernicus's, actually still needed epicycles. They weren't proven unnceccesary until Kepler showed that the orbits of the planets are ellipses, not circles as everyone before him had assumed.

Is it possible to draw the velocity time of speed of light??? If it is then how???

Symmetry is like a spice. Useful in small quantities. Harmful in large quantities. Supersymmetry is all-spice-no-food. It's a "wouldn't it be cool if"-type of theory with little to no purpose or data behind it.

@KaiseruSoze

3 жыл бұрын

Symmetry is a solution where the problem is unknown.

@COTU9

3 жыл бұрын

Leto Atreides was pretty clear on this stance with this and it's just history repeating itself over and over again.

I recommend everyone read Rovelli’s books. Theyre fantastic

@COTU9

3 жыл бұрын

Ok, so I went to try to find this Ravioli and just got a bunch of stuff from this dude Chef Boyardee.

@ethelredhardrede1838

3 жыл бұрын

@@thatcorvid5992 " He's the Umberto Eco of physics." That would not be a good thing. Eco wrote multi-page single paragraph descriptions of wall decorations in The Name of the Rose. I started skipping that self indulgent crap.

Why are galaxies with little dark matter always small and super diffuse? Or are they diffuse because they have little dark matter? How do you know which is the chicken and which is the egg?

Why does the weak force just stop at a certain distance? Or is it that it's completely negligible after that?

@phunkydroid

3 жыл бұрын

Its force carrier has high mass and a very short lifetime.

"A theory that was crazy popular a little over a decade ago" makes it sound so long ago and yet I feel like all the hype was just last week.

Can you talk about grand unified theories? Quantum gravity is a tough problem, so is there even evidence or just good indication that the strong and electroweak can unify?

1:50 😱

@COTU9

3 жыл бұрын

Looks like divorce papers to me.

You answered a question if dark matter might be epicycles. What about the Standard Model of particle physics?

@Boogaboioringale

3 жыл бұрын

It’s not the same because epicycles had no evidence on the scale of the standard model.

@chrimony

3 жыл бұрын

@@Boogaboioringale Is that so? Did you miss the part @3:32 where he talks about how the mass of the Higgs bosun was predicted to be a "gazillion times higher than it really is"? Are you aware of how many free parameters are derived by experiment alone in the Standard Model, which allows the theory to be tuned to match experiment, just like epicycles? Did you know that the theory of epicycles actually made better predictions than the Earth centric model for a period of time, before being dethroned?

Could be possible that whatever you are looking for and eventually is found with your amazing machines, is just a tiny slice of a Great Block which is Reality itself? Of course I understand that fermions, for example, do exist, but could other civilization find, with other amazing machines, other set of particles completely different, and being correct as well?

When it comes to gravity we can measure it, but we don't really know what it is. There's that mass impacts time progress and then that gravity is a side effect of the time web being bent by mass. (roughly)

Since electrons jump between energy levels with no interim transition phase, is it not possible that they in fact move through an undetectable dimension between the energy levels, or the string vibrates in and out of the seen dimensions at higher or lower energies?

@phunkydroid

3 жыл бұрын

Don't think of energy levels as moving from one position to another. think of it as changing the amount of energy the electron has. When they jump from one level to another, it's because they absorbed a photon, and that is instantaneous, not an increase in energy over time.

Hi Don.. think u said in the previous video that the temperatures in the collision of the LHC are so high that it mimics the instant right after the big bang.. how come we might need even higher energy to discover new things? I'd say that if we are at the big bang level we reached the pinnacle, no? 😁

@drdon5205

3 жыл бұрын

10^-13 seconds after the Big Bang is a huge achievement. But an awful lot of stuff happened in those first 10^-13 seconds.

Question: New evidence of Sir Roger Penrose hypothesis of reciprocating universe. Would this answer a lot of the questions about an eternal Universe?

May the “forces” or Force be with you!

So if possible that dark energy and gravity connect to the physical constant ?

I would like more information about F-Theory. Do you know of sources?