Another step forward in the evolution of this turbine. Loving it.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

@bermudatriangle2036

3 ай бұрын

@@ThinkingandTinkering Would this work for the ugrinsky?

Food for thought, you are always making my brain wander in possibilities. Ty.

Great video, many thanks Robert.

Wow, just wow!! Of course, this is so obvious once you show us. Thanks!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - cheers mate

Fantastic Robert. You never cease to amaze.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

wow - cheers mate

Awesome video, I've heard of these but it is a game changer to actually see it demonstrated in such an elegant and accessible way.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate - I a glad yo enjoyed it

I made a high speed tubine mounted onto an arrow for testing purposes, and it was soo good that it started spinning in my hand just carrying it around when it was windy outside. I turned it into a warhead but found very few people who loved the idea, none actually.

Absolutely brilliant, thanks much

I'm glad to see you're still plugging away. Keep up the good work brother.😊

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Great demonstration!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Awesome as usual.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Brilliant as usual, sir. Thank you.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Gosh Rob! This project is really turning out! I've actually got a pair of ring magnets I scavenged from an old physics toy, I might be able to throw something like this together with them =)

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice

Big work.thanks

Awesome again, Robert!!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Those are the same ones I got :) glad to see u took the recommendation 🙏

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Glad you read my last comment in your last video and did this 😊. I genuinely enjoy your content. Keep up the good work.👍

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Great to see Robert! Looking forward to a side by side power test.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Really great review of the magnetic bearing, thank you for making this video. I actually discovered the issue discussed re: Earnshaw's Theorem, when we tried to do passive levitation for a science project, but I never knew what it was called! So, thank you for providing that crucial detail. Interestingly, as you mentioned, if you rotate the magnet, it stabilizes the issue... awesome video.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

I am really glad you liked the video mate

You know you are watching a nerdy fella when a spinning fan make him laugh with joy

Thanks. I'm inspired!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

awesome!

Hmm...isn't the thrust bearing version also fighting the cogging generated by the coil?

@ET_AYY_LMAO

Жыл бұрын

The coil is probably not short circuited, and it is very thin wire, so I guess that there will be some eddy losses but not much...

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

no

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

you are spot on mate

It's mesmerizing....

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

it is indeed lol

Can't wait to see it's potential in action!!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice

OMG!!! SORCERY!!! All kidding aside, I have to try this. I notice the rotor is sitting fairly high. It will probably come down a bit with the turbine added, but if it is still a bit high, my thoughts would be to extend the shaft below the stator a bit. The bottom magnet could then be slid down to adjust the levitation height, then fixed into place when the optimum height is reached. I have already started 3d printing my first Savonius wind turbine, and I will be printing more in "grass green" PETG (so they blend in and don't attract too much unwanted attention from the HOA). I've seen a lot of cool ideas on this channel, but these little Savonius wind turbines are the first one I have actually started building in earnest.

@JamesTitcombOSwarthoull

Жыл бұрын

I was thinking along these lines, balancing everything to get the generator magnets nice and close to the coil should be doable, but what happens when the rotor is wet? Will the added weight be too much? I think you'd need to balance it wet and accept it might be a little higher in the dry?

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

burn him lolol - a circle on the axel will go a long way to helping mate and I am glad to hear you are building

Welcome to the grass growing championship finals. It appears the Kentucky blue grass is our champion!!! 😂🤣😂🤣😂 Seriously though, this is actually pretty cool. I always thought maglev was more finicky and complicated than this. Great to see a homemade/diy project like this. Awesome content as usual! We really appreciate you! (And Luke!)

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - and no - at it's basics it is very simple

I once, and only once, watched this old tony spin a metal cube for nearly nine minutes.

amazing

That laugh always gets me Robert, keep the show always alive…..😂

Thank you so much again Robert!! I've been toying with this idea myself recently, as I have just got my hands on a few ring magnets!! Definitely a lot of potential here, ~ I think that I'm going to try this one,,, with a serpentine coil for a wind turbine!! I Really liked the Flat -Feathered one that you have been working on!! (Still looking for someone who has a 3D printer, who is keen to make a few quid to make the parts for me!!) Thank you so much, Again, for the Inspiration and for your Enthusiasm,~Its infectious!! Namasté 🙏 Andréa and Critters. ...XxX...

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice one Andrea - I am just working on an idea you may find super helpful for that

You pretty much answered my silent question from yesterday. After your previous. My magnetic babies are on the way :-D This will be great on my roof.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

awesome mate

Brilliant. i'm not even slightly versed on anything you have presented , but ive recently reviewed how i may use some of your ideas on wind generated power production for my sail boat. starting with the mechanical muscle. Every week since ,ive been distracted by the next application. Wow !

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice lol - good luck with it al mate - I am fascinated by what you are doing if I am honest lol

Might be time to revisit the Windwall with all these new 3d printed prototypes. Magnetic bearing, generation on the rim and maybe even contra rotating in the same windwall?

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

my thoughts exactly mate!

Awesome!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Off topic, since I don't have a way to share my rocket stove design to you I'll try to describe it here. You need two tubes of chimney flue that fit over each other. The inner tube sits lower, so it grabs the flame, smoke, etc from the burning fuel. The outer tube is offset height wise to grab air from the surroundings. What happens is, this oxygenated air gets superheated as it passes through the sleeve. Since it sits taller than the inner tube, this heated oxygenated air meets the smoke and licks of flame at the top of the inner tube. Hey presto, it ignites any unburnt fumes. And you get a gas flame at this juncture. If you consider flames in the inner flue travel , say, 30cm, and you offset the outer tube 10cm you've got a brilliant rocket stove. Ive been using my design for 10+ years. It's awesome.

@earthlingthings

Жыл бұрын

You can fill it with scraps , logs, twigs, whatever. To the height of the inner tube. Light it on top. It burns like a candle.

@earthlingthings

Жыл бұрын

And at the base, lift it off the ground some 8 cm. So air can feed into the inner tube from below. There's an optimum height for this, since you want the core to stay hot and not be affected by wind. Some rocks ought to do. Or , in my case, I leave 1/3 of the inner tube open at the bottom, cut away.

@ShawnCheriYoung

Жыл бұрын

Make a video, upload it to your channel, and post the link... I am interested in seeing it...

@earthlingthings

Жыл бұрын

The cutaway of the inner tube at the bottom should ideally be the same surface area as the top of the inner tube. Air in = air out. If that clarifies that

@earthlingthings

Жыл бұрын

One last clarification. The diameter of the outer tube is a few mm greater than the inner tube. A slither of a gap. The tubes telescope over each other.

You could turn the solid disc into a 3D printed propeller, put it inside a tube, and put the modified Darwin tower on top of that to have a marvelous wind turbine. You'd also need holes in the base, of course.

@corinneyeager

Жыл бұрын

This is worth copying ‼️❣️ really like the Darwin idea And this is like the toy you blow threw, spinning something that whistles Thanks ❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️❣️

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - already on it mate

Magnetic bearings how very majestic and off the charts for efficiency love this channel

I used to play with ring magnets as a child, stacking them on a pencil and watching the levitation. Great idea using them for bearings.

Hi Rob a video from me is coming out today of something you have inspired me to make. I love your channel and we think alike alot I'm a doer too ! Your linked in the video hope you don't mind but I thought I owe you that much as you have been my inspiration for quite a few ideas mate 👍🏻

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

oh wow - mind - not at all mate - I am honoured you thought to do that and really appreciative that you did - I will jump over later and check it out - cheers mate

I can't wait for the end result 😮

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

enjoy the journey too mate

these are the best videos on you tube , never learnt so much. will have to send a pic / video of the one ive built/ building, with the same concept magnet bearing . its similar to the vawt 1kw one you made. but with curved wind deflectors all around it to deflect the wind one way onto the blades and floating on magnet bearing. just making the axial flux motor at the mo so should be ready to test at the weekend , then next project is a water wheel from a exercise bike

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice mate - I look forward to seeing it

I've seen videos here on KZread where pucks of bismuth have been used to stabilize the magnetic field to allow stable levitation at room temperature without the use of electromagnets or rotation. It's a levitation of just a few millimeters, but interesting all the same. I've ordered and received a couple pounds of bismuth metal, so I think today I'll melt some down, form it into a couple of pucks, and try this for myself.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

so I have I and it is fun to see and to do - just not a lot of practical use as the forces are very weak

Looks like a good fit for that clapboard vent sided vertical axis set up you had.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

yep

I'm glad you took up the obvious idea of demonstrating a maglev bearing to reduce friction. Perhaps you can reduce it further by using 2 tubular opposing magnets on the spindle too. Look forward to the next iteration lol

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

mcate

thankyou.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Oh... that solves one of my major hurdles! Just finishing up my re-design and installing of my home heating, and had turned my thoughts to electricity; bearings have been bothering me. A whole new avenue to go down. It seems I'll be starting experimention at a different point. Down side, I suppose, is that a good bit of concept sketches and notes will end up in the box of fire starter...

@thornhedge9639

Жыл бұрын

You know heat has a negative effect on magnets,,,,,,

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

awesome mate

I've played with that in the past, it's a fun little gadget. The nice thing with this design is that if you put a balanced ring weight that matches the OD of the flat base on it, the flywheel affect will cause it to spin much much longer.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Watching the various Voltron pieces slowly form into some mega-project is really satisfying.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

thank you mate

So cool!!! I’d like to see how that works with your rotating energy storage device. I would think the low losses should make a material difference in round-trip efficiency.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

for sure mate

Each one teach one thank you for this vedio

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

Many many thanks

I would love to see how the magnetic bearing would spin in a vacuum environment. Good day Sir too.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - I just need a big enough vacuum chamber mate

@victoryfirst2878

Жыл бұрын

@@ThinkingandTinkering I should of mentioned it would not be easy. Peace fella.

I have been working on a similar project, just horizontal. Mags on the axle with mags holding it up. Rotors of coils-magnets-coils, etc so both the magnets and the coils are each acted upon from both sides.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

interesting - nice one mate

Robert you are just making me more and more excited with every video. When I saw the "vertical" serpentine coil with the radial magnets on the outside rim, I immediately printed the two parts. After watching this video I can see that the magnets will not line-up with my coil if I decide to use the maglev principle. My question now is whether I can "force" the "maglev magnets" closer to each other by any means in order for my "generation parts" to be correctly lined-up? Oh yes, I see that you have used ferrite ring magnets for the "maglev bearing". Any specific reason for that? BTW I just turned 70 years of age. 😮😂😂

Thank you for Earnshaw's theorem and active anti wobble. That it could compensate for a less than ideal rotor was interesting. Always wondered why they are not used for ships thrust bearing. I know the first bearing died due to friction and not induced eddy currents in the serpentine winding. Please keep the education coming sir.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

I am glad you do mate a lot seem to have missed the simple point if you don't connect the wires there is no current flow

Wow that's cool, I would love to see the side by side test after their both models are set up for generation.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

That's really cool, that actually is what I had planned to use, If figured it was the best choice It looks like it was. What I was going to use was a bunch of disc magnets placed on the outer perimeter on bottom of the rotor and the top of the base, I think the ring magnets will be easier ,cheaper and maybe better . Thanks, that is very cool .

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

I think either will work well mate - but I also think you are right ring magnets are pretty easy

Lovely. Waiting for that to quit spinning gave me time to read some comments!😁

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - nice one

Very good🙃

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Rob, I came across an interesting IC yesterday that would really suit this project. It is the LTC3588 which takes a small, fluctuating AC input and produces a regulated, constant voltage output with a small parts count.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

thank you mate - nice pointer - I will look it up - cheers

@tao480

Жыл бұрын

@@ThinkingandTinkering not a problem. Linear Technology make a small demo board that would make it easy for you to do a quick test with alligator clips, etc. The demo board is Part No "Demo 1459A". Also, a couple of other ideas for you: 1. I understand the updraft against building walls focuses and accelerates the ambient wind speed. 2. If so, a fan-shaped housing over the turbine might further concentrate the air flow. Keep up the good work!

2:30 That has been a lot of my years of energy research, actually. Taking painstakingly precise tests and measurements, hundreds of times, back to back, then making some seemingly insignificant change, and running a few hundred more tests. I guess some of us were just born to this kind of thing.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

indeed mate

as long as you dont exceed the repulsive force of the magnets, they should do the job, as the closer you try and press them the stronger the repulsion, so I would think you can load them up pretty well before they actually touch

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

good point mate

That gives me an idea for horizontal flywheel generator!

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice

@joegardner1528

Жыл бұрын

@@ThinkingandTinkering and maybe intermittently pulse that flywheel with a small super capacitor going to a small DC motor using the captured collapsing field or "Back EMF" so as to keep the flywheel inertia momentum/inertia going on and on!

super upgrade! I'll almost bet you are gonna put the free weight on it. (because of the gap looking like it needs more weight to engage the magnets to the coils)

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

just printing now mate lol

The only ' issue ' I see is that now you need to update your CAD files to allow for the greatly variable distance the magnetic Bearing will have due to the differences in the magnets potentially used. Having the serpentine coil section as just a wall and not part of the base, sections of the ring, with ' steps ' to hold the next segment from the outside may help. Usually when you connect sections of pipe, it is flared bigger and you stuff the new section into the other and that is the principle behind stepped ' washer ' segments. The base could have the ring that the current serpentine coil gets wound on inner diameter but a slightly larger outer at roughly a few millimeters and the ' extra ' bit outside higher by a few mill to allow for it to add more segments and keep the whole thing round ( any puns in this were unintentional ). With those specific magnets, measuring after getting the rotor and base made would assist in getting the serpentine centered around the rotating magnets and thus how much of a ' washer ' segment to use. Thank you for the video, I forgot how simple it can be to get an equivalent of a thrust Bearing with magnets.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

put a circlip on the axel

Awesome, also could turbine be laid laterally as replacements for ridge tiles, wind flow direction over roof allowing

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

don't they already make those?

@gj7685

Жыл бұрын

Don't think they're exactly the same though, yours are counter rotating ?

All I'm saying is if you squeeze 2 magnets together, depending on how much force is applied they will be closer together or farther apart. In an axial flux alternator that would change the gap between the generating magnets and the stator coil. That would also effect the power generated, that's all.

Add opposing magnets to the shafts as well and eliminate all surface friction.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

only as an idea mate - in practical application that is going to be very difficult to achieve

@rcarver4049

Жыл бұрын

@@ThinkingandTinkering K&J Magnetics has arc segment magnets so you can get one pole on the entire inner or outer surface of a ring.

Here in west Texas the wind is always blowing. Tomorrow is forecast to have gusts up to 50Mph.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

awesome - I think you are so lucky!

Anti Gravity Earthling Bless Up

I have been following mainly because I've had this idea for many years that being said I have a few ideas to reduce friction also I believe if we were to use neodymium magnets in a few different ways we may be able to achieve perpetual motion though I have not been able to achieve this myself as I live in a small apartment with children that I cannot afford to expose 2 this amount of electricity my four-year-old is too smart for her own good and is always trying to help me😅 that and other obstacles. Anywho perhaps it would be mutually beneficial for us to bounce some ideas off of each other. PS I think your channel is phenomenal keep up the good work you are creating geniuses

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

wow cheers mate and obstacles won't always be there - stick at it

You could use a center rod that's magnetic with magnets around it for a pure frictionless bearings system. Then if you could even get a rough surface as you was blowing on, it should catch more air. I'm thinking of angled catcher that would work I think. What would happen if you set serpentine coil in between them, but closer to the moving magnets.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

all good things to try mate - go for it

Spinning thing goes up and expand, put magnets on edge, moving, and will boost spinning

As I sat mesmerized by the magnetic bearing continuing to spin, I found myself thinking that an active magnetic bearing could be utilized to help avoid the rotor from getting out of control in incredibly high wind speeds, simply by using a simple circuit to slowly reduce the magnetic strength of the bearing, allowing the rotor to "settle" on traditional bearings around the circumference. Or am I nuts for thinking this...

@ArbitraryOnslaught

8 ай бұрын

Nope. Kool idea to switch bearing. The axial load would be on both at some point. Keeping them seperately ingaged would be a fun problem

I have a high performance clutch that has weights held back by a spring. As the engine spins more, the weights more out and lock in the clutch as a wedge. I'd like to see a spring loaded, self expanding wind turbine that can expand in order to gain more torque and be able to generate more power. Combine this with variable vein air control like they use on turbos. Imagine a self expanding fan that can be optimized for the conditions in order to generate the most power.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

there are turbines that already do this mate

Nice, magnetic bearings are a no-brainer for these applications. Would a smaller upper and a larger lower ring magnet combo assist self-catering? The exciting part about magnetic bearings will come when we use them for car suspension & direct-driving the wheel - goodbye pesky CV joints.

Great

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

cheers mate

Rob, come on. Your making what to buy that 3d printer again 😂😂😂😂 👍👍

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - my bad lol

The greatest magnet is mr. murray himself!.......thx for the vid.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

lol - cheers mate

What are the payoffs against interferance with the generation when compared to something like using a thrust bearing in similar wind speeds? I definitely be interested in seeing a compairison. Would have to make the maglev turbine base slightly wider to offset this? absolutely love this.

Thank you Robert. Now you have me thinking of the best way to do this with a pair your feather turbines contra-rotating as a wind generator. My main concern is having to deal with schizophrenic Texas weather. Considering your lack of strong wind there in England, have you given thought to funneling what wind you do get. Use the Venturi Effect to increase what wind you can harvest.

There is a vast difference in performance of these 2 free spinning rotors but once you start to hook up a generation system to extract the power then this will put a huge load on the system which will far outweigh the frictional forces in the bearings. I suggest that under these conditions the difference between the 2 systems will then be minimal.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

you are guessing lol

RMS, If the rotor that spins longer has no magnets interacting with coils, it will spin longer. I didn't see coils to induce drag on the rotor.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

the coils aren't connected to anything mate - no connection no current flow - no current flow = no eddy currents

A really useful vid for my project still in the planning stage. Your maglev bearing attached to a short Ugrinsky blade inside a pipe fed from a Darwin wind collector. Would be ideal for keeping the 12V battery topped up on many pieces of equipment but I am thinking boating. I need to think wire diameter and length for 12V, water ingression and drainage and a brake for storm force winds (having already wrecked two purchased Savonious by leaving them installed in severe gales on a swinging mooring. Also the ball bearings were not as stated in the specs.)

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

I am glad it helped - sorry about your turbines mate

Have you thought about using additional magnets above on the sides to keep it centered instead of the ceramic bearing? Basically a surrounded magnetic field to keep it from moving sideways

The thrust bearing is slowed down by the coil presence. It will still be faster at slowing down but it would make the comparison more fair.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

thanks

It's too bad we can't use static electricity to force parts apart more strongly the faster they spin. We'd need some sort of anistropy in how static electric charge distributes itself across a material of a working surface. Every discussion I see in engineering papers is how to inhibit static attraction, especially in bearings.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

it is too bad

You know I've been kicking around trying to make some air bearings in this and that and I got a whole box of these ring magnets from microwave just sitting in my garage lol I wish I wouldn't have already made my magnet disc but I think I could still incorporate it if I carefully center the magnets and epoxy them in place

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

nice mate - give it a go - what I tend to do is cut a disk with a hole saw - stick in a drill and sand it to size - that way I get a disk with a centre hole for the shaft and with fits into the centre of the magnet - hope this helps

YOU COULD HAVE AN AIR BEARING ON THE SPINNING DISK. THAT WOULD BE EVEN BETTER

Great discussion Rob! Had you considered oar locks, for when there is little wind?

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

I hadn't intersting suggestion - cheers mate

You can put mag bearings on the shaft as well

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

indeed you can

I have been looking around to see if there aren't any computer fans that follow the maglev train principles, without the motor in the middle but with electric magnets in the circumferens parts that centers and rotates the thing silently.

If you put a flotation device which was round and set it over that shaft with the flotation device in water it would act as a nice bearing too

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

it would indeed and I have done several videos on that

The thrust bearing needs a drop of oil. It also has the capacity to hold a much larger flywheel ballast.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

it does indeed

the one with the bearings had the magnets and the coil in place :) so some energy got sent that way

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

they wires weren't connected - so no - it really didn't

@EmilNicolaiePerhinschi

Жыл бұрын

@@ThinkingandTinkering no eddy currents in the copper ? should have been some even if the coil was not closed

Another excellent video Rob. When you blew on that plate, I thought about a tesla turbine. You've done a Tesla turbine before made with CD's and some washer spacers .... do you think that could be made to spin in a breeze?. Ive no 3d printer .... yet! or I would have had a go.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

there are indeed examples of Tesla turbines being used as wind turbines mate - but you should most definitely give it a go

The initial rotational speed of the two may differ but not enough to allow the magnetic bearing to continue that lon. High Q!

Faraday's paradox comes to mind. Homopolar generators and The N machine do too.

@ThinkingandTinkering

Жыл бұрын

indeed

Fantastic! What are the downsides of magnetic bearings (i.e. why aren't they more commonly used)?

I wonder how well the maglev bearing would perform in the twisted serpent configuration under load. The electromagnetic resistance would reduce its spin time. From the twisted serpent video it would still spin for a long time.

look closely at the oscillation in the top bearing...that a lot of unintended drag..easy to fix.