Thanks for watching! Please let me know your thoughts below...

@atlas567

5 ай бұрын

Isso não se trata de uma invasão ,nem genocídio, nem destruição , se trata apenas de um cumprimento de uma ordem e uma missão divinas, uma vez que o povo indo europeu é descendente de Jafé , como diz a Bíblia em Gênesis , é um povo europeu ,exclusivamente surgido nas estepes europeias ao Norte do Mar Negro como diz a Bíblia em Gênesis que foi pra onde Jafé e sua família migraram e foi a terra ,no caso a Europa , dada a eles por Deus depois do Dilúvio , então não é um povo asiático e nem Africano , é europeu. Já a expansão e a conquista da Europa é normal porque é a casa deles e depois ainda outras missões de conquistar outras e formar novas nações e conquistaram todo o continente americano, também a Austrália e Nova Zelândia onde formaram novas nações e com eles levaram o motivo de tudo que foi o espalhamento das palavras de Jesus Cristo, então uma ordem e uma missão divinas não têm como ser evitadas ,teriam que ser e foram executadas e assim como a Europa foi dada diretamente por Deus a Jafé e seus descendentes ,vimos também que o continente americano , Austrália e Nova Zelândia também eram terras dadas por Deus aos descendentes de Jafé porque foram as terras da expansão e da disseminação dos ensinamentos de Cristo

@ClimateScepticSceptic-ub2rg

3 ай бұрын

Tiny correction. The pigment ochre is pronounced 'oak-er', not 'ock-ree'. Americans spell it ocher, which closer to the sound.

@celtichistorydecoded

3 ай бұрын

@@ClimateScepticSceptic-ub2rg Thank you

@MickeyMouse-el5bk

3 ай бұрын

6:12 like the invasion of Europe nowadays

@dreddykrugernew

2 ай бұрын

There is zero evidence these people rode horseback into the new lands, literally nothing. The best indicator we have of when people rode horseback is money from the Akkadians much later. As soon as people started riding horseback it started being depicted in artworks also, its a hard one but zero evidence...

The reason you see a parallel between the Yamnaya and the Vikings, is because the Vikings were the last surviving example of the pan Indo European "Mannerbunde" style all male warrior band societies. One of the things that the Indo European culture brought was the idea of a male warrior elite who would be thought of as "outside of the rules" who would go raiding outsiders and often stealing their women as a way of proving themselves.These warrior bands often had totemic relationships to wolves and bears. Dan Davis has an excellent video about this phenomenon and how it explains the gender skewing of the surviving genetics in European societies.

@celtichistorydecoded

4 ай бұрын

Thank you, excellent comment. I am a big fan of @DanDavisHistory

@nostaljiturkce

3 ай бұрын

Turks may also be closely related with Yamnaya people. Some still call their burial sites Kurgan. They also consider wolves to be sacred. They have two myths of their origin, one with a she wolf and the other with a he wolf. They are also well known for riding horses for raiding and for migrating to cooler mountains in the summers and warmer plains in the winters.

@user-kt1zz8zc7c

3 ай бұрын

Vikings are nothing in front of Scythians, which is my ancestors

@nostaljiturkce

2 ай бұрын

@@user-kt1zz8zc7c Vikings are our grandparents just like Turks or any other race. I value them all. I love Iranian culture as well. We all are blood sisters and brothers above all. We built this civilization together sharing with each other and learning from each other.

@cmd7930

2 ай бұрын

Not just Vikings, just Germanic people in general.

Don't forget that Yamnaya carried an early version of Yersinia Pestis(also known as the plague).

@garrettgrooms2773

2 ай бұрын

If it was just a plague, it should have affected the native populations equally. Instead what is found in mDNA is that the rate of mDNA transmission is barely changed from before the arrival of the yamnaya. The biggest counter I always see is that there is very little physical or skeletal evidence of violence, but would there be? How likely were the dead to be buried respectfully if you are completely destroying every male? Odds are it will be rare to find such as the bodies would have either been cremated or left out for the animals.

@joeelliott2157

2 ай бұрын

@@garrettgrooms2773 quote: If it was just a plague, it should have affected the native populations equally. Not necessarily. A lot of disease resistance is on the 'X' chromosome. Males have the XY chromosome, females have the XX chromosome. So if resistance to a disease is not found on one X chromosome, it may be found on the other. For males, there is no fall back option. So if a disease sweeps through a population, more females should survive than males.

@garrettgrooms2773

2 ай бұрын

@@joeelliott2157 I had to look this up and found an article about sex related death rates during the black death (Curtis and Roosen 2017). The results showed more women dying to it than men. Now I only scanned the article thus far and will read it in more detail when I have time, I did go to their charts to see how much of a discrepancy and it was about 10% more women than men. This isn't to say it couldn't be some other disease but the original comment was about yersinia pestis.

@cathjj840

10 күн бұрын

@@joeelliott2157 That could skew things a bit, but the extent of male replacement seems more likely the predominant factor.

Keep going bro your channel is going to be huge.

@celtichistorydecoded

5 ай бұрын

Thanks mate

The oldest known lactase persistance alleles are from the Chalcolithic Basque Country, in fact from the southern Ebro River "frontier" area and from two different "military cemeteries". In both cases the largest population (surely representing Sardinian-like EEF peoples, known to have lived in the area from other sites like Atapuerca) was lactose intolerant (CC allele) and a minority population carried instead the lactose tolerance allele in double form (TT), only two (2/19) individual in the latest of the sites (San Juan Ante Porta Latinam) carried the mixed genetics (lactose tolerant for practical purposes anyhow, CT) and none did in the older site of Longar, emphasizing that these were two distinct populations that had no or barely admixed with each other in those days (c. 2500-3000 BCE, roughly the same dates of earliest Indoeuropean expansion). The second (minority and fully lactose tolerant) population was probably proto-Basque (i.e. admixed with Paleouropeans at c. 40%). Ref. Theo S. Plantiga et al., Low prevalence of lactase persistence in Neolithic South-West Europe. European Journal of Human Genetics 2012. Another issue here pertains to horse domestication: while it's true that the Western or Central Eurasian steppe was a key area of horse domestication and that it provides most of modern horses' genetic roots, there is a secondary area that corresponds roughly with the Iberian Peninsula and that also contributes to modern horse genetics via mtDNA (but not Y-DNA). See: Vera Warmuth et al., European Domestic Horses Originated in Two Holocene Refugia. PLoS ONE 2011. The paper produced high ancestral mtDNA diversity in North Iberia and South France but the archaeological record rather suggest South Iberia as the origin, because there were plenty of horse remains in many sites of that area in the early Chalcolithic (again roughly the same date as the earliest Indoeuropean expansions).

I love his accent 😂

@ginaibisi777

2 ай бұрын

Scottish

@tiago27272

2 ай бұрын

its difficult to understand

@jamiewilson5679

2 ай бұрын

​@@tiago27272Jesus,you should hear a really thick Geordie,scouse,Dundee or Glaswegian accent then.

@tiago27272

2 ай бұрын

@@jamiewilson5679 sorry, i am not an english native, my english teacher was from Australia

@brawndothethirstmutilator9848

Ай бұрын

The way he says “culture” is one of the best things 😃

Very good channel, I'm going to follow you mate.

@celtichistorydecoded

2 ай бұрын

Thanks mate

I’m Brahmin Indian and DNA tests showed me only 48% Indian. The rest was Baloch and Steep.

@gursehajsingh2029

3 ай бұрын

Well India is the most invaded country in history so the genes are insanely diverse

@user-kz5wj9pg1k

3 ай бұрын

​@@gursehajsingh2029you wish but in reality it's the most inbred homogenous gene pool in the globe

@ABO-Destiny

2 ай бұрын

Was it r1a?

@Kanasubigi896

2 ай бұрын

Not surprising. Brahmins are the highest and most respected Indian caste, originally they were all 100% indo aryan peoples. I have a Brahmin friend who looks greek or Italian with white skin and green eyes, he has a lot of steppe ancestry

@jamiewilson5679

2 ай бұрын

​@gursehajsingh2029 is that true?

It's very interesting and packed by the useful information, thank you. There are some mistakes in the maps though, like incorrect border lines of modern countries

Hey I recently found your channel I am trying to find info on the history of McWilliams name thanks 😊

I'm rb1 too what a informative excellent video can you do a video about Gaelic hostages naill DNA I think that it would inlighting people who have decent from o naill Irish and Scottish my salutations to you cheers

Bro that accent is strong 😂 love your commentary, Ive been obsessed with yamnaya recently

My R1b ancestors

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

Milkcestors

@tyv5887

5 ай бұрын

R1ancestors R1brotherhood

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

R series monopoly

@Wazir.Akbar.Khan.wardag

4 ай бұрын

​@@tyv5887are u my brother?

@Nutsferatu

3 ай бұрын

​​@@Wazir.Akbar.Khan.wardagwe're distantly related, but I'd call you my brother. We came from the same forefathers.

Thanks! The re-creation of the yamnaya warrior for this video looks a lot like Igor Bock from the Bock Saga. 🔥

Great video 👍

@celtichistorydecoded

5 ай бұрын

Cheers

Great video ! Thanks !

@celtichistorydecoded

2 ай бұрын

Thank you

DF13+ here to witness another necessary video from Celtic History Decoded.💪

They killed all the male inhabitants of old Europe, i.e., I2 and I1 haplogroups, somewhere every 17 men survived the slaughter, the Balkans and Scandinavia were the least numerous, that's why there are the most people with the I haplogroup.

@thieph

2 ай бұрын

Yamnaya had 20-30% I2 haplogroup

One, slightly out of the mark information - the gene for lactose persistence, entered Europe earlier, through descendants of Neolithic agriculturists, who belonged to Y-haplogroup J2. Original Europeans, belonging to Y-haplogroups I1and I2, easily adopted to that. These Steppe nomads weren't much onto agriculture.

The conquest model has some use, however, it makes little sense to me for the Indo-europeans to slaughter everyone. Who is going to farm the land and provide the surplus food for you, your horses and war dogs? A warrior elite needs surplus resources to be able to specialize in warfare. I think the war bands subjugated a peasant class and incorporated them into their culture. There is also the issue of neolithic decline as well.

@cornelkittell9926

2 ай бұрын

All you have to do to have both is to castrate the conquered males. Just as the Muslim did to male slaves out of Africa.

Thanks for sharing

@celtichistorydecoded

2 ай бұрын

Thanks

Correction: Studies show yamana had brown eyes and black hair.

considering they were around 50% ANE and blond hair is recessive, I'd estimate they were somewhere in the range of 25% to 0% blond.

You can see today the Yamnaya warrior culture still exist in Northern Caucasian people like Avars, Chechens and Lezgins and Slavic peoples today, these people dont fuck around.

@nostaljiturkce

3 ай бұрын

We call them all Turks in Turkiye :)) I hope we can all unite one day. Our culture is still almost same. But in Turkiye we are more mixed with other cultures as well. Turkiye is like the melting pot for every culture. Yet, we are happy to call ourselves Turks.

@cmd7930

2 ай бұрын

Most of the peoples you name arent even yamnaya descendants.

@commonsense215

2 ай бұрын

Exactly have nothing to do with Yamnaya

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

​@@nostaljiturkceTurks came from west mongolia

@nostaljiturkce

2 ай бұрын

@@user-uk3nx8cn4u So says the myth. Yet, some Turks still naming their burial sites as Kurgan is a fact that says they are indeed related with the Yamnaya culture. And you are right. Yamnaya are to the west of Mongolia. Besides, especially for us living in Turkiye, in the middle of the old world, we are all related with so many cultures around us. We see everyone as our sisters and brothers. We are just happy to call ourselves as Turks. That is all. As can be seen on the map Yamnaya culture wasn’t far from the middle of the world either. So, they must have had some interaction to their west as well as east or north or south.

Thank you, for your work. Love cream and butter! Now I know why. Think on, that our success is also due to our 'Cooperation and Inquisitiveness'. However, History is often measured by our present day bias and dogma(s). Good detective work is not that easy,

The largest sex bias was not in early Yamnaya, but in Bell Beaker migration in Western Europe. In Spain and Britain almost the entire male gene pool was replaced, but not the female. This happened in the very early Bronze Age. Is it a coincidence, or was it the time, when the Bell Beakers had bronze, and the natives didn't have it?

@usmarine4636

2 ай бұрын

Bellbakers came from the west and spread PIE

Such a dense accent. I almost need subtitles. What region of Scotland? I assume Scotland.

This is a question for anyone: From the period of the Late Paleolithic, there is a culture that goes from the Dordogne in France all the way through to Siberia that shares very similar cultural aspects. The core center of this region is exactly in the area that the Yamnaya seem to emerge from later. Are the Yamnaya considered the descendants of the Stone Age inhabitants in this area or are they an influx and mix with a previous native people? Can this be one reason why the region these people came from was so large?

Yamnaya didnt caused any extinctions to the old european. The old europeans, the thracians from Bulgaria simply civilised them like they did recently with the slavs. Thracians made the Yamnaya to go with incineration instead of burial and turned them into celts wich adopted the old thracian coulture. Its the reason you see the etruscans are 70% yamnaya indoeuropeans but they had incineration, burial mounds and celtic ( trachian) coulture.

I think the charge of genocide is probably fair, these were proto-Ghengis Khan's basically, so the Viking parallel makes sense. The eastern ones created the ancient caste system in lands they conquered and the corresponding colors to these castes are still displayed on flags across this region: White for the ruling class, red for the warrior class, and green for the farming class with distinctive hierarchy. The native people's they slaughtered were much more egalitarian, when they discovered their ancient homes, they thought it was a palace, and then they find out everybody in that time lived in a "palace"

@user-kz5wj9pg1k

3 ай бұрын

Aryan varna and caste are different.Indian upper caste overwhelmingly carries pre aryan Y dna. Like 50-75% of their y dna is most cases pre aryan like H,L,J,R2,C,F.

@hammersaw3135

3 ай бұрын

@@user-kz5wj9pg1k Yes it is different. Aryan Varna also has built in mobility. Caste you are stuck with until death

@jacekb4941

2 ай бұрын

There are no signs of Aryans destroying Harappans, same as Cucuteni-Tripillia, Corded Ware was not destroyed but flourished after meeting Yamna. All this genocide and invasion are far fetched and exaggerated

@user-kz5wj9pg1k

2 ай бұрын

@@jacekb4941 absolutely,the white nationalist poopers are the one who's pushing this shitty theories.

Well.. It's pretty obvious that many people of Yamnaya-derived DNA of the haplogroup R1b replaced many of the males in western Europe; probably those belonging to the Early European Farmers or those of the G2a haplogroup, especially in Hispania and the British Isles.

The Vikings might have originated from the Corded Ware culture/Pitted Ware Culture of Central & Northern Europe, many years before the Yamnaya people got a foot-hold in that part of ancient Europe.

@71kimg

2 ай бұрын

Nah - Scandinavia traits are mostly from yamnaya - called the battle axe culture - which almost completely replaced the former people (at least the men)

I recall hearing somewhere that the Yamnaya as well as having physical and technological advantages that enabled them to dominate in battle and to take over land and displace the male line of conquered peoples through taking local women as 'brides' - that crucially, the progeny of such intercourse had genetic advantages over the ingenious peoples. The Yamnaya were more resilient to infection by Yersinia pestis (the bacteria that causes the Plague) which was endemic to the pontic steepe - and this was in part responsible for Yamnaya genetic heritage taking over much of Europe as the locals were largely wiped out by this disease and potentially others introduced with the Yamnaya - maybe even something that made local males sub fertile like Mumps. It is possible the Yamnaya's territorial expansion was in part responsible for the spread of plague into Europe in that period. Much like the Europeans killing off whole native peoples in the Carribbean and Americans by introducing diseases they had no immunity to.

@princezuko6804

2 ай бұрын

Very interesting theory!😮

Great videos

@celtichistorydecoded

Ай бұрын

Thank you, much appreciated

Lactose tolerance the real reason for the dispersal of the Yamnaya culture and proliferation and dispersal of the Proto Indo European languages?

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

Cows will basically help survive famines and drought since cows can eat anything and help sustain lives and they can simply migrate easily with such culture

@craigsurette3438

4 ай бұрын

Other groups who do not have lactose tolerance, do keep cattle. They just ferment all of their dairy before eating it. That said, SOMETHING caused enough of a selection bias to create nearly 98% lactose tolerance among most Northern European tribes, and that had to have had a serious selection advantage to keep it that way

@ABO-Destiny

2 ай бұрын

Infact i think most indo europeans are lactose intolerant. However i believe lactose tolerant and intolerance depends much more on blood type of human beings than genetic ancestry. For example people with blood types B and AB are lactose tolerant and they are dominantly present in northern india, in bangladesh and pakistan and central asia while people of blood types A and O are lactose intolerant and are mostly present in northern eurasia and north america and northern middle east. So yamnaya divided into lactose tolerant Southern eurasian people and lactose intolerant northern eurasian people

@ABO-Destiny

2 ай бұрын

All B and AB blood type people are lactose tolerant (southern eurasian, northern south Asians). All A and O blood type people are lactose intolerant (northern eurasian, americans,northern middle eastern ) Yamnaya culture was probably a mixture

@rns7426

2 ай бұрын

@@ABO-DestinyI’m A+ and I’m lactose tolerant. Been drinking milk and dairy all my life with no issues. I love milk!

After the dom2 mutations the number of horse sire lines from that time to the present dramatically decreased, presumably due to selective breeding. (There are available academic papers if you search the dom2 mutations. They essentially eliminated all other genetic pools in modern horses.) What does this have to do with the Yamnaya men. Well, sexual selection where female choice is operative would undoubtedly be slower than selective breeding, But if the Yamnaya males represented a more favorable choice due to preferred characteristics, over time it would be possible to significantly replace the existing male population without excessive violence. The telling variable might be the time it would take for this substitution to take place. If you had a big enough sample size over time I suspect it would be able to track this.

@jacekb4941

2 ай бұрын

Exactly, there was no PIE invasion in military sense, same even in India, where Aryans did not destroy Harappan civilization, there are no traces of warfare, Harappans just left due to drought. Same as Cucuteni-Tripillia, it was drought and cold, not genocide

Kurgan is a turkish exonym for grave hills of the yanmaya culture. Yanmaya called it definetly different.

@nostaljiturkce

2 ай бұрын

So what? Turks kept building Kurgans way after Yamnaya were gone.

The Kernosivky stone has similarities to Pictish art.

@joshuaperkins9916

5 ай бұрын

@darkwind2024 great observation, totally agree. Distinguishing certain boarders and time periods isn’t always clean cut. Incidentally, I often wonder about pre Viking age interactions between Norse and Picts. Of course both Indo European with similarities but could dna and material cultural show an, say bigger Iron age relationship between North Scotland and Scandinavia?

@usmarine4636

2 ай бұрын

Because PIE came from the west not east. Bellbakers spread PIE

They look like Tom Selleck!

Afanisievo culture is interesting but few details Im u4d3 mtdna and a woman was discovered buried 5000 years ago in nw modern china with u4d3 I believe they developed from an earlier source and split

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

Mtdna is not useful to testing ancestory

Thanks for the videoooooo. Di ye do any in Englushshshsh? Had any good breaks since Smalltown Boyyyyyy?

Ten idol bardzo przypomina zbruckiego świętowita. Słowian. My Słowianie wywodzimy się od Yammnaya więc po prostu te kulty pewnie wiele się nei różniły. Sprawdźcie świętowita ze Zbrucza.

R1b Z2103 the Yamnaya sub Branche of R1b here from the caucasus

do u mean,the yamna component west scythians,is the caucasus stemming one? finally,someone mentions the turk sarmathian component.thanks for that.i almost gave up after years of hard work.

@user-kt1zz8zc7c

3 ай бұрын

Here we go , Sentashta ( Andronovo ) culture weren’t Turks , they were Iranic people with pale skin and blonde hair , but as far the Scythians started taking over they mixed with mongoloid (Slab Grave tribes )which weren’t Turks bc the Sentashta ( Andronovo culture) and Tocharians ( Afanadevo culture ) were Iranic and spoke proto Iranic languages and they created a Xiongnu confederation of tribes in Altai mountains all the way until the early Gokturks expansion. So Turkic dominance didn’t happened all the way 5-6 centuries AD.. I’m tired of Turkic meth

@nukhetyavuz

2 ай бұрын

@@user-kt1zz8zc7c are u a historian,biogeneticist,archeologist or linguist?u have no slightest idea.because someone came up and guessed they might be iranian,doesnt make them iranian...watch adrianne mayor,get daniel tabins poster on turkic scythian dna and accept the fact that turks do have an ancient and rich culture. for once, iranians didnt build kurgans. also their language wasnt iranian. greeks mocked iranians because they tried to wear trousers like them,and heredotus clearly identifies them as noniranian. do read zaur hasanovs pdfs and books,there are proofs...another thing... sinthashta is prototurk culture,sycthians and kazhaks are the continuation of todays turks.

@usmarine4636

2 ай бұрын

The Yamnaya we're Turkish not PIE

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

Turks came from west Mongolia late in the picture

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

​@@nukhetyavuzno, archeology proves that turkes came late in the game

Wow, so he's Scottish... I've never heard this accent before. He sounds Indian to me 😳

@NickFouladi11

15 күн бұрын

indo-european accent.

Glad i live now. Giddy up

R1b ydna is very widespread also in non-indoeuropean old dene-caucasian cultures like tyrrhenians, basconians, sumerians, north caucasians etc. Today, modern west turkic non-indoeuropean people are also including R1b ydna like turkmens, bashkirs, balkars, gagauz, azerbaijan turkmens, turkey turkmens, iran turkmens (azerbaijani). Could it be also possible that yamnaya was originated from altaic agglutinative speakers or old dene-caucasians of same regions? Because, when we look ydna haplogroup mutations, all R1a, R1b are descendants of R and R1 and both Q, R has mutated from P1 ydna. P1 ydna exist mostly in altai turkic, kamchatkan and nivkh people.

@cmd7930

2 ай бұрын

Turks are mongolian buddy Stop trying to be European when you never will be

@hondacbrification

2 ай бұрын

My comments are being deleted

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

Language is secondary in the case

@serkankinden5150

2 ай бұрын

@@user-uk3nx8cn4u I agree but some youtubers try to exclude uralic-altaic people as they call yamnaya just as indoeuropean.

Each morning as I eat my home fermented yogurt from it's bell beaker, my brown eyes scan the horizon and settle upon the neighboring yards. So far I have resisted my genetic predisposition to grab the stone battle ax; mount a steed and expand my domain.

@omegatired

2 ай бұрын

Your neighborhood thanks you. Love this comment.

@erskerbobbles

2 ай бұрын

@@omegatired I suppose eventually even we descendants of Siberian Woolly Mammoth hunters can become somewhat civilized.

@morwickchesterham3875

2 ай бұрын

Sounds so gei... eating jizz from bell beaker... grabbing a 'dick'... mount a 'steed'... expand your 'booti-hole'

5500 B.C. Lactose tolerant DNA was already in the carpathian basin... that doesn't necessitate that it was they that spread it westward but it IS Europe

The horseback riding and the persistance of gut galactosidase in adulthood are sufficient to out compete the native males in europe at the time (IMHO), specially in the advent of the bronze age collapse, maybe violence doesn't fully explain the R1b haplogroup prevalence.

Can you provide audio in American English, please ? 🙏🏾

@celtichistorydecoded

3 ай бұрын

Hit the CC button for captions

@adventussaxonum448

3 ай бұрын

I'm from southern England and I had no problem

@ShamanKish

2 ай бұрын

Got used to this by watching AdoreTV 🤣

2:00 Horseback riding 3000-2500 BCE ? Maybe as a sport or ritual custom (popular in Sumer f.i.)? We didn't develop 'proper' chariot yet, and horses are still very small! 🙂. And what is the point of using the chariot if you alredy have a common cavalry tradition? Hard to belive that it was popular before chariots, NOT: IMPOSSIBLE of course, but quite improbable. So when the horseback riding becomes popular? Hard to say, there is a very long dabate. It depends of the region, but generally, 'nearby', maybe, maybe slightly before 1000BCE. The debate still goes on, but it's good to bear it in mind. It was probably not the horseback riding that helped the spreading of Yamnaya and other PIE groups. Nice film, many thanx!

There is absolutely no correlation between Yamnaya and Bell Beaker. Bell Beaker clearly originated in SW Europe, probably Iberia, 300 years before reaching North-Central Europe (both the Indoeuropean areas and the still pre-Indoeuropean ones in Belgium and the Atlantic Islands). It actually represents a Vasconic pushback and also a replacement of older dominant Sardinian-like genetics by more modern Basque-like (and Irish-like) ones. This last I've been scratching my head about and I suspect may correspond to the bubonic plague that the Indoeuropean invasions brought to Europe: I don't make much sense not just of some Vasconics exterminating other Vasconics but especially doing it at such huge scale (all Western Europe from Scotland to Andalusia), there must have been a previous population collapse. Alternatively or complementarily the end of the Neolithic climate optimum may have also helped, favoring those who were herders and had the ability to digest milk (goats are extremely helpful and also very cheap to maintain even in harsh conditions). It must be said that it was not just Bell Beaker being hegemonic in all Western Europe (and parts of Italy and also in much of the Western Indoeuropean lands of Central Europe) but there were groups that show no or very weak Bell Beaker influence, notably the older Artenacian culture of Western France and Belgium, which was also an archer culture (unlike the Indoeuropean warhammer or "war axe" people). All them were dolmenic-megalithic, showing intense continuity in this aspect with the previous Neolithic and early Chalcolithic cultures (no kurgans here, move along).

Kurgan, like in "Highlander"?

@mrmap4875

5 ай бұрын

Just watched movie two days ago was thinking the same thing he also had giant skull like a caveman

@usmarine4636

2 ай бұрын

Kurgan is a Turkish word for mound!

@watermountainfireair8497

2 ай бұрын

Highlander is based on the yamnaya steppe culture as I know

@watermountainfireair8497

2 ай бұрын

@@usmarine4636 Yeah it’s an exonym. The yamnaya called their grave hills definitely different

@mrmap4875

2 ай бұрын

@@watermountainfireair8497 i don't think back then anyone knew about yamnayas

I'm I2, so my ancestor was probably a child that survived the Steppe conquest. So, thank you to our Yamnaya overlords for not murdering the children as you conquered Europe.

@GBnvi-uh6si

5 күн бұрын

😂😂😂

yamnaya cardidwear DNA R1a1 in India they called Brahmin, Pandit, Irani, Mishra, Sharma/Sarmatiyan extra.

@sachinpotdar7798

2 ай бұрын

Lol Brahmins were made by lord not some tribes idiot

i think you are talking about the common ancestors of Turks , mongols , macars , kazaks etc , probably they evolve into syctians then huns in time , as huns evolve to mongols & turks ...

R-Z225 here.

R1b from Spain here, and yet lactose intolerant

@lineage13

2 ай бұрын

R1 originated in North Eastern Asia.

Im R1b-Z2103 descendants from Yamnaya and Proto-Illyrian

@alixpowrt3456

2 ай бұрын

Real

Look at recent finds in Poland which support this extermination of Neolithic haplotype G ( Anatolian origin) farmers coinciding at this time Not alway just of men but also of women and children. Likewise of the find of tollense valley battle. Also I don't think "marrying " is likely the correct term any more than it was with Their R1b and alot of R1a ( Baltic and northern slav Vikings descendants. Taking as property ( if they were lucky not to be killed outright) was more like it for conquered peoples throughout time. Remember what Brunnis said to the conquered Romans Vae Victis Something we should not forget even today with all that is going on Interesting that their decendants R1 are still fighting in the same Pontiac Steppe area as we talk. Seems yet another great big Fraticide. Viz See below. Most men of north European and European Russian origin ie european Americans which includes males of Spanish origin ( Pizzaro and Cortez) in America (who also wiped out male Indians and took the women) Australia as well as Iran some central Asian into northern india men are all descended from only a few early Yamna R1 haplotype ancestors. It seems we are all related... "brothers". "War (sadly it seems) is in our blood" and is born out by histories of unending expansion and conquest But it made the indoEuropean what it was and what we are "Survival of the most aggressive" ( Darwin ) Thanks Dad And You can take that comment either way you want. For better or for worse etc!

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

Where is the research

@nisrmasry2134

2 ай бұрын

Gog and Magog biblical story ?

@alixpowrt3456

2 ай бұрын

Ok man but this is an anthropological issue from 5000 years ago, how can these people be considered as brothers today

@nostaljiturkce

2 ай бұрын

@@alixpowrt3456 What more do you need to be sisters or brothers? We have more in common than our differences.

They didn’t genocide ‘I‘ or ‘I’2 though, in fact genetic evidence shows that ‘I’ and ‘I2’ took Yamnaya women! Calm down though... it’s thought they just moved north into the cold mountains whenever the horse folk turned up and just waited it out... the yamnaya would’ve struggled up there and the Scandinavian groups probably just took in the women of stragglers or more desperate folk 👍

@ulv6760

Ай бұрын

This is new - and a break with the pattern seen elsewhere, where there was a large preponderance of men over women in Yamnaya establishments that had been found and examined. From Denmark it was discovered that there were two waves of extinction, the first on the southern Scandinavian SHGs of immigrated peasants, the second on these of the yamnaya warriors - who preferred suitable landscapes for livestock farming and later cultivation. In Sweden, it was found that similar extermination against the original male population had occurred. But along the Norwegian coast and in the deep Swedish forests, things are different. There, both Funnelbeaker culture (TBK) and Yamnaya Culture found real resistance. The Swedes have 50% autosomal DNA from SHG, and the Norwegians have around 48%. 5200 years ago there was a climatic deterioration that led to people with SHG and TBK genes migrating south, and only 400 years later the Yamnya warriors appeared. It had been discovered archaeologically that the Scandinavian coastal cultures were able to resist the invading farmers, while the cold climate and poor soil meant that agriculture did not catch on in the Scandinavian peninsula. In Norse legends, we have "jotner" who lived in the north and "vaner" who practiced agriculture, who came into battle with the Æsir - the pagan Viking gods. The Jotuns usually lived in inhospitable and wild landscapes, while the Vanirs and later the Aesir lived in cultivated landscapes with meadows and fields. These can be interpreted as SHG, TBK and the Yamnaya. The men in halo group I1 have an interesting history, a genetic bottleneck was found which revealed that very few men have survived for a period before they spread in record time on the Scandinavian peninsula 3800 years ago - that was just after the Yamnaya warriors arrived there . Immigrants from TBK had mixed with those of SHG for a long time, and in the aftermath it was seen that many men and women with SHG genes migrated south to southern Sweden and Denmark. This may indicate that the Scandinavians had not only held their own, but also gained the upper hand when they assimilated their enemies and vice versa, as the story about the Æsir, vanir and jotuns told about. The Battle Ax culture in 2800 to 2300 BC was probably the first result of this clash between the SHG Scandinavians and the Yamnaya warriors from the steppes. This is followed by the Nordic Bronze Age culture, from which today's Scandinavia directly descends.

@dannyboywhaa3146

Ай бұрын

@@ulv6760 wow so much stellar information, thank you! It’ll take me a while to digest! However, an analogy I like is the red squirrels here in England/UK - sure, they’re in decline and the grey is taking over however, one nasty winter, never mind a major cold snap of a few years, and the grey’s inability to hibernate will mean it is impossible for them to survive and the red will end up back on top - it’s inevitable, just a matter of time! 👍🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 is that almost like what you refer as happening to the Yamnaya? A gross oversimplification of course...

@ulv6760

Ай бұрын

@@dannyboywhaa3146 This analogue can be a good fit for what happened when agriculture came to Norway. As in Denmark after 4000 BC, there was a transition to agriculture along the Norwegian coast - there was grain pollen in the Oslofjord area from the time between 3900 and 3700 BC, and it took one thousand years for the grain to spread up to the North Norway. Much suggests that it was during this time period that TBK immigrants established themselves in Norway, but the findings also revealed that not as much land had been cleared as expected, mostly in the area around the Oslofjord and along the Båhuslen coast in present-day Sweden. Moreover, the rate of spread along the coast was slower than elsewhere in Scandinavia. In many places, an agricultural population could not survive on their own farms along the coast to the north. Domesticated animals, on the other hand, spread much faster deeper into the country, traces of grazing plants indicate that. Everything points to a customary mixture of arable farming, livestock farming and hunter-gathering in Norway, especially around the year 3700 BC. TBK immigrants had thus established themselves in the Norwegian country, but on a smaller scale than in Denmark and Sweden, and there are far fewer archaeological traces of them, only a few megalithic tombs were known, while simple burials had been found deeper in the country where traces of TBK implements were also found. DNA research has shown that there were not as large population changes as in Denmark, although a number of discoveries have been made from the time when TBK and Yamnaya were active in Scandinavia, which have shown that there were bloody conflicts there in Norway. It is also possible that there were slave hunts, because a Norwegian man from Northern Norway was found in Denmark, he was sacrificed in a human sacrifice - DNA in the dead man showed that he was dark-skinned in comparison with TBK people. Most victims in historical human sacrifices were usually slaves. It had been discovered that the population had declined at the end of the Late Mesolithic period in Norway. It was around 4000 BC, and it happened before the first archaeological traces of TBK culture were recorded. It may mean that the SHG population may have been weakened beforehand. But the invasion was not a success in the long run of the early farmers who moved to Norway, because only 700 years after the start at NOK 3900 BC, agriculture began to decline - by NOK 3000 BC, a transition to a hunter-gatherer economy had not been seen only in Norway, but also in Sweden. In many places where there was arable farming, the hunter-gatherers had taken over. In Western and Northern Norway, it was discovered that SHG had strengthened, especially in connection with fishing and reindeer hunting. All told, TBK farmers could not hold their own in the face of climatic conditions, as they depended on sandy soil in a country with a lot of acid soil. The Norwegian and northern Swedish SHG populations survived in contrast to the Danish and southern Swedish SHG which were exposed to extinction by TBK immigrants, and they could thank the climatic and geographical conditions for this. But when the Yamnaya warriors came, they become very diluted in the following centuries because they had mixed with the TBK who had probably joined them when agriculture was abandoned.

@dannyboywhaa3146

Ай бұрын

@@ulv6760 makes a lot of sense - is a fascinating subject... amazing to think a group survived the Middle Eastern farmers and the later Yamnaya so relatively intact and dominant genetically... it really is such an outlier! I have very Nordic features - have not done any tests but I’d love to know if I had some I1 or I2 in my genetic makeup - I have blonde/red hair, green - Eastern looking eyes... thanks so much for all the great information - second to none! 👍🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿

@ulv6760

Ай бұрын

@@dannyboywhaa3146 Of course there were intact groups that survived, we have seen similar cases elsewhere further south on the European continent, but these had not chosen to live in isolation, they chose to mix with invaders over the course of centuries so that they eventually disappeared, the are almost no male paternal lines back from the SHG era. But they left a very strong impression on both TBK and Yamnaya, which is kept alive in the Scandinavian stories about how the Viking world had been created, when gods such as Æsir, Vanir and Jotuns existed. Odin, the foremost god among the Æsir, sought out Jotuns for knowledge and his blood brother, Loki, was the son of a male Jotun. The three peoples had a very turbulent history that has been preserved for posterity for many centuries until they were written down in Iceland. Loki, the infamous trickster, is world famous today - and he was likely of SHG background in a mythological age. So the SHG people are still alive today, even after all that had happened in 4000 to 2300 BC. As late as 500 BC, there was a strong hunter-anchor culture that also engaged in iron extraction, in northern Norway and northern Finnmark - which was wiped out by the Sami. The acidic soil in Norway, northern Sweden and northern Finland has made it very difficult to find intact samples that could be DNA tested, and much of what was found and stored has long since been contaminated so that these cannot be examined . It will take time before we know more. But it is from SHG the Scandinavians have their light blue eyes, light skin color came much later together with blond hair. - Actually; the Scandinavian appearance today is a mixed result after the three peoples. As sent as in 4000 B.C., SHG was dark-skinned, who discovered when a Norwegian who had been a victim in Denmark was DNA-examined. The Yamnaya were more brown-skinned than fair-skinned when they came to Scandinavia. The Scandinavians of today arose 5,000 years ago when three peoples came together in an inferno of blood, death, coexistence and fusion.

Why are europeans so obsessed with somehow linking their ancestry to Aryans? Why not just accept that they were quite primitive until recently? Yamnaya most likely had no link with Aryans.

@Nastya_07

4 күн бұрын

The Proto-Indo-Iranian Sintashta culture mainly derived from the Corded Ware culture which descended from Yamnaya

I do not think there was a genocide. Male bias: I think (just like the Vikings) young men were sent forth to make a life because the area suffered from a shortage of resources. It happened over many generations because climate changes do that. As these young men advanced, they had to marry local girls as they had only few Yamnaya girls. They did not have better technology, they had a different technology: farmers had farming technology, which the yamnaya did not have. Also, it seems thaat the advancing yamnaya who were semi-nomadic became farmers. I thin this could only have happened if they lived close and amicably enough with the farmers to learn their techniques. I return, they gave farmers the horse. The language changes took place because generation after generation of young yamnaya men moved west, over centuries.

Vikings are haplogroup I, aren't they? Much older than Yamna R1b. So they were part of old europe. I DNA is known i old Yugoslavia.

@user-yt3xd2jl6d

Ай бұрын

If the Paternal I1 lineage is the result of mixing Scandinavian Hunter Gatherers with Yamnaya women, however the Autosomal DNA indicates that the Scandinavians for the most part are of Yamnaya ancestry. This is the composition: 50% Yamnaya, 30% Scandinavian Hunter Gatherers, 20% Anatolian Farmers. It should also be noted that the Vikings are only a Subgroup of the Scandinavians, and do not represent all Scandinavians, only the Westerners, but in Scandinavia there are at least two different genetic profiles, those of the Germanic type and those of the Finnish & Sami type.

@robertmadea9229

Ай бұрын

@@user-yt3xd2jl6d true. Finland is still that peninsula.

Indo European is a political correctness term for ARYAN

@williamjackson5942

2 ай бұрын

Balony.

@Walkeranz

2 ай бұрын

@@williamjackson5942 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryan

@greaterbharat4175

2 ай бұрын

Their is no historical records European ever called themselves Aryans until the Germans indologist who famously used arya/ Aryan and associated with Europe ( as ancestoral Aryans came from Europe)

@greaterbharat4175

2 ай бұрын

​@@Walkeranzwhat it has to do with Europeans? Fact the you gave Wikipedia evidence but you don't even read it properly from Wiki - "In Latin literature The word Arianus was used to designate Ariana,[79] the area comprising Afghanistan, Iran, North-western India and Pakistan.[80] In 1601, Philemon Holland used 'Arianes' in his translation of the Latin Arianus to designate the inhabitants of Ariana. This was the first use of the form Arian verbatim in the English language"

@sivaratnamasabaratnam8946

2 ай бұрын

​@@greaterbharat4175💯

hihi this Yamnaya culture land is the land of Old great Bulgaria of khan Kubrat ,the land of the Dulo clan,and Bulgaria and Hungary,are rulled by Dulo,and the map look very much as bulgar migration,this is very weird?

Why would an invader settle in the heart of a foreign land?¿?👀....................

@alixpowrt3456

2 ай бұрын

Where?

Uważam ze mieli po prostu lepszą technologię i lepsze geny a nie bili nikogo...poza lokalnymi konfliktami które zawsze i wszędzie sie zdarzają.

The horse was the main reason for dominance over farmers because they stayed in one place and didn’t stand a chance against horse riders,my guess mixing with the population of farmers mainly by occupation and dominance that they got both genes.

they had it all and spread it West and North

Whats up with your dialect

yamnaya yanamay.

The Yamnaya revolutionised warfare.

My hindu ancestors

@CHRS-ri5mf

15 күн бұрын

Yep

It is extremely unlikely that the spread of the indo-europeans was a genocide. As you yourself mentioned in this video the initial migration showed no sex bias and was unlikely to be an ivation but rather a migration. Its likely the initial spread of the indo-europeans was peaceful as europe and the eurasian steppe were very sparsely populated and the hunter gatherers were always moving around so they didnt put up a lot of resistance on the rare occasion that these two would actually come into contact. The later invasion(s) would have been one group of indo-europeans invading a different group of indo-europeans as europe and asia have done for centuries since. Also the idea that they were big muscly white blond men like the "vikings"(which the majority of scandinavian raiders were dark of hair not blond) is some real neo-nazi bullshit! First of the yamnaya were very unlikely to be just one culture and were most likely a very genetically and culturally diverse group of people but blond hair (and red hair they spared roughly at the same time) actually came from the yamnayas neighbors the western steppe herders and wouldn't be introduced to indo-european ancestry till much later . The average Yamnaya person probably looked a lot closer to an Iranian than modern Europeans.

@Alasdair37448

5 ай бұрын

terrible video thumbs down.

@thelordofnuggets629

5 ай бұрын

I agree with this

@user-kz5wj9pg1k

3 ай бұрын

Yamanya looked like cromagnified iranians or northern indians

@sachinpotdar7798

2 ай бұрын

​@@user-kz5wj9pg1kno north Indian North Indian are not blonde idiot yamnaya are different dirty

Is this why Whyte people love horses today?

Its central asia, the highway of the world, any tribe that gets onto there are pretty much bound to spread to somewhere. Nothing really special, take every hunnic group, mongols, turks etc etc for example all lived along central asia and spread across the globe. Due to central asia's harsh weather settled civilization was quite hard to create thus nearly every civilization in central asia was a nomadic one, and as they tended to do, go places.

Alba gü grath

Local women could have found tall and strong incomers more attractive

Wrong name ! The name is Agathirs - Agathirs Gelon and Getae ! Yamnaia and "the margin" never existed !

Sounds like Aryan supremacy

@abelnodarse1841

25 күн бұрын

No he’s not

Yamnaya looks like Indian.

...hoooorssssiiiieeees...

Turks may also be closely related with Yamnaya people. Some still call their burial sites Kurgan. They also consider wolves to be sacred. They have two myths of their origin, one with a she wolf and the other with a he wolf. They are also well known for riding horses for raiding and for migrating to cooler mountains in the summers and warmer plains in the winters.

@user-kt1zz8zc7c

3 ай бұрын

Gokturks and proto Turkic tribes (like Slab Grave) were different and not related to Yamnaya , but Afanasevo culture most definitely bc the Tocharians and Sentashta ( Andronovo culture ) created a Xiongnu confederation of tribes in Altai mountains which the Iranic language were dominant

@cmd7930

2 ай бұрын

No

@whatever2206

2 ай бұрын

No. Slavs are related to Yamnaya and western iranian groups

Crimea is Ukraine

These people will probably look more Mongolian than Caucasian. And remember the ideal Caucasian person is from Jordan. With nice tan brown skin

@whatever2206

2 ай бұрын

No. I1 and I2 people are real caucassians

@famitsus987

2 ай бұрын

What are u smoking lad Mongolians are from east Asia these people are and we’re caucsoid

@famitsus987

2 ай бұрын

@@whatever2206bro all these people are caucsoid Haplogroups are meaningless it’s not that deep

I have two question. Why is on the map crimea part of Russia and donbas isn't? What sick version of english is this?

Kurgan is made only by Turks, most likely what you are describing are proto Turks.

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

Turks came from western Mongolia

@Sekuler_Adam

2 ай бұрын

@@user-uk3nx8cn4u My friend, the first place of emergence of the Turks is Siberia, then they spread to Central Asian Anatolia, Europe and Iran, their last arrival in Anatolia was 1071, before that, there were Turkish mercenary soldiers in Byzantium, there were many Turkish tribes living in Europe and made Anatolia a homeland.

A expansão dos indo europeus não se limitou à Europa , mas também pelo continente americano , Austrália e Nova Zelândia ,lugares que conquistaram e se estabeleceram e essas expansões e conquistas já estavam previstas pra acontecer e aconteceram ,simples assim , uma vez que o povo indo europeu é um povo nativo da Europa ,surgiram na Europa e se espalharam pela Europa já que no início foi a terra prometida e entregue pra eles , pois o povo indo europeu é o mesmo povo jafético, são descendentes de Jafé, por isso é um povo europeu , não há nada de povos asiáticos como mongóis ,siberianos ou anatólios neles e muito menos africanos ,são povos exclusivamente europeus e isso quem diz é a Bíblia em Gênesis e onde está a missão dada aos descendentes de Jafé de expansão e conquistas de novas terras e formação de novas nações e espalhamento do Cristianismo nessas novas terras e nações , então não se trata de invasão ,mas de cumprimento de uma ordem e uma missão divinas

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

Earlier these japget were spreading paganism 😂

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

Also spreading Hinduism in India 😂😂😂❤

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

Also deleting pagan people in Europe is Christianinty?😂😂😂 Funny how you promote promise of fakery

@atlas567

5 ай бұрын

​@@hellotombat5616Os indianos também são outros povos que nada tem a ver com os europeus, os indianos são povos camíticos próximos e da mesma linhagem dos africanos e aborígenes australianos , os indianos podem até falar línguas jaféticas ou indo europeias , mas não são povos jaféticos ou indo europeus , os indianos são povos camíticos ou afro asiáticos

@hellotombat5616

5 ай бұрын

@@atlas567 Indian have indo europeans DNA basically european since last immigration 4000 year ago 😂

R1b Haplogroup, l don't like this subclade, R1a l like this subclade, Haplogrup N l like it, Haplogrup C l don't have any opinion, Haplogrup Q l am in love with it. Haplogrup E l hate, Haplogrup j1 l don't want to see, j2 have any sempati, 😂

I can honestly say as a proud yamnaya descended man myself, I prefer the violent expansion narrative, and find no shame in it at all only pride, just saying what most men are thinking even if they don’t admit it lol

@mr.purple1779

4 ай бұрын

You're basically a rape victim.

Yamnaya master race. Btw, us post vikings have the most yamnaya dna of all european groups.

@cmd7930

2 ай бұрын

Germanic people have the most yamnaya dna, not celtic

@equilibrum999

2 ай бұрын

@@cmd7930 yeah, thats what he said?

@pablogats4627

2 ай бұрын

Finland has the highest i think

@user-uk3nx8cn4u

2 ай бұрын

​@@pablogats4627Finland is mostly populated by uralic descendants

@whatever2206

2 ай бұрын

No. SLAVS have it.

This pure Ukrainian accent is something to bear.

@ivanpobol8297

2 ай бұрын

This Accent has nothing to do with Ukraine or a ukrainian.

Aryan means noble not race europe was a imposter that wanted to associate with arya arya means noble not invader

Very bad english. Can't understand a thing