My mom studied English in college and one of the things she taught me growing up was that you should never look down on someone for the way they talk, due to complex grammatical and linguistic histories

@daveh4925

10 ай бұрын

Yes but if they attack in gangs its ok to hate bad people

@nuyt6

10 ай бұрын

@@daveh4925I agree those dirty english poppy munching nazis always attack in groups but alone they won't even look in your eyes

@Osc1llateW1ldly

10 ай бұрын

lemme ax you something

@Qexilber

10 ай бұрын

@@daveh4925 LOL! Oh I wanna see you argue over grammatical issues when attacked by a gang of people with poor english grammar. … Hey did I discover an interesting pun here? "Poor english grammar" is the opposite of "pure english grammar".

@sandersson2813

10 ай бұрын

Why not?

Here in India, my college teacher once spent a whole lecture talking about data structure and memory allocation where she spoke "hard disks" as "hard dikss" for at least a dozen times. My friends had some very good moments back then.

@BodyMusicification

Жыл бұрын

That reminds me of the time in my coding bootcamp a few of us were snickering while the lecturer was discussing database "sharding" and kept saying the word indistinguishable to us in its various forms: "sharting," "shart," "sharted," "sharts."

@MrC0MPUT3R

Жыл бұрын

I hear #&$@hub has petabytes worth of hard disks...

@rohitchaoji

Жыл бұрын

I've had teachers pronounced "and" like "aand" and "as" like "arse"

@rohitchaoji

Жыл бұрын

@@waldolemmer LMAO

@satyakisil9711

Жыл бұрын

@@rohitchaoji pronouncing schwa is very prominent in Indic languages, it is the default vowel in the abugida. Without it the whole language would break down. People usually prefer it when speaking English as well.

I'm embarrassed to say that I've judged people rather harshly for saying "aks" in the past with not a single thought for the shortcuts and technical mispronunciations in my own speech. It's a brilliant channel that challenges biases in good faith without putting anyone down.

@nasonguy

Жыл бұрын

Growth, my friend. You are doing it.

@adamlaceky8127

Жыл бұрын

We all have biases, and judge people by their speech. Even when you know that people in different places speak differently, you judge their intelligence by how they talk. I do it, too. I'm from the American South, but I still think Southern accents sound dumb. I know better. Still...

@DisgruntledPigumon

Жыл бұрын

The difference is standardized “mispronunciations” for the sake of brevity or clarity, versus ignorant mispronunciations. It still matters. I dislike these videos that try to lump everything into one category. AKS is definitely ignorant in all but the rarest historical cases.

@incognitotorpedo42

Жыл бұрын

If people want to say AKS, they should spell it that way. It's an ignorant mispronunciation otherwise. I'm not at all embarrassed to say that I judge people for such things. I don't like reading comments that require me to mentally translate there/their/they're into the proper meaning, either. You bet your sweet 'aks' I judge them.

@athsumerius6865

Жыл бұрын

@@DisgruntledPigumon how is it at all ignorant? It's widely used, and just as easily understood. Language changes with the people who speak it, as long as your meaning is understood, that's really all that matters

In South Africa I had an economics professor who constantly spoke about the importance of “data mining” or “data mine”. Towards the end of the semester I finally worked out that he was saying “determine” or “determining”. I thought he just really liked working with data… All my notes made a lot more sense once I understood this 😅

@riccapoo

Жыл бұрын

I had a South Asian math teacher in middle school. I had a hard time figuring out the accent. One monday, I left my math book at home as we started a new chapter. The teacher kept referring to "people" throughout the lesson and I was totally lost. When I got home and turned to the page for the homework I realized that the lesson was on percentages. And the teacher was NOT referring to "thirty-two PER-son" but "32%".

@mehmoremeh1410

11 ай бұрын

currently in university and had that problem for the last 2 years. I have to actually decipher the words what my lectureres are saying coz of the accent difference.

@anest-uk

11 ай бұрын

I had this with a french client. He would ask 'how do you data-mine the coefficients in the model?' and I would say things like 'no, no the model is not data-mined' (because data mining is pejorative in investment applications). Eventually we figured it out - he was not insulting us.

@GuinessOriginal

10 ай бұрын

That’s hilarious 😂 was he from Durban by any chance? The Afrikaans accent there is so strong

@armanahmadian4373

10 ай бұрын

I had friend who copied notes off the board. He would frequently copy the small sigma simbol down (\sigma) to later realize it was the digit 6!

As a Jamaican myself I believe that it’s mostly from old English. Most of our creole especially in the rural areas that didn’t get urbanized through media m. You’ll hear most of the old words, perfect example my younger sister that grew up on Disney was watching Bridgeton today and heard them say “ Make haste” and realize that it’s the same as the creole “mekase” that we use in the same context but is no longer a common part of speech bcuz it’s been replaced with simply “ hurry up”

@stephIstravel

11 ай бұрын

However you’ll find that a lot of Jamaicans (esp older folks) would use “mekase” rather than hurry up.

@jenjibur

11 ай бұрын

That's fascinating!

@thedativecase9733

11 ай бұрын

Yes quite correct. I made this point on here months ago and got precisely 0 upvotes but there we go.

@maxkho00

11 ай бұрын

Would the expected form not be mekies? Or is that how what you spell "mekase" is pronounced? Because if not, I think the two expressions might not be cognates.

@stephIstravel

11 ай бұрын

@@maxkho00 yea it’s just the spelling but the way u typed it would be the pronunciation

I had put "aks" into the "dialectic variation" category but I didn't realise it went *_that_* far back. The ending was hysterical, watching the auto captioner trying to make sense of "can't be arsed".

@David280GG

3 ай бұрын

I thought it was just koz it was easier to pronunce

The Chaucer example with both forms in the same sentence was fascinating

@plywoodcarjohnson5412

10 ай бұрын

There might be a difference even. Axe meaning ask a a question, while Ask means to desire.

EXPLANATION OF ENDING: "Asked" is so often pronounced exactly like "assed"/"arsed" that KZread'S AUTO CAPTIONING can't tell them apart. So when people say "half assed" or "can't be arsed", it sometimes captions this as "asked". I should have made this clearer.

@davescibb

Жыл бұрын

I think you'll find its mainly black people say it and not people in general

@jonthibault5509

Жыл бұрын

Ummmmm... Nice try. The whole point of that section was to show how people pronounce "ask" in different ways.

@tudormiller887

Жыл бұрын

I've always wandered why this term is so prevalent among 'black' 'biracial' Asian, Arab and White living in urban areas of the UK, talking with a exaggerated blaccent.

@tudormiller887

Жыл бұрын

​@@davescibb Not really. You'd be surprised how many white, Asian, Arab, Gypsy, Jewish people use the term in many urban areas across the UK.

@thefurrybastard1964

Жыл бұрын

To be honest, I always thought it was a deliberate affectation. Thanks for the info.

Fascinating. Many years ago, in a linguistics class the professor explained, for African Americans who use aks for ask, the pronunciation was from West Africa and it arrived during the slave trade. I had never heard that aks was in Chaucer or Old English. I hope it is included in the curriculum today.

Amazing! As a young man (24) growing up in the United States, I always associated "aks" with AAVE. I had no idea it had such a rich history! It's a bit sad that there is such a big stigma towards speakers who prefer "aks" and other similar "non-standard" forms of words, because that's simply how languages evolve! Great video Dr. Lindsey!

@PlannedObsolescence

Жыл бұрын

I've heard a Jamaican person use it.

@RobBCactive

Жыл бұрын

Is this a case of something that flips as aksed is easier to say? The drawback is it will be indistinguishable from axed. I think saying asterix is more common than asterisk because that requires more care. I presume that's not a common enough word to be dialectical variation.

@cockoffgewgle4993

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, Africans definitely took their pronunciation from Chaucer lmao.

@dianep1385

Жыл бұрын

@@cockoffgewgle4993 I've only hear African-Americans use that term.

@cockoffgewgle4993

Жыл бұрын

@@dianep1385 And English Africans now evidently. This video is woke nonsense. Everyone knows it's black speak. Any historical usage in England is a coincidence.

"Mix" is another example of metathesis. The past participle of the Latin verb "miscere" is "mixtus." We still put the S before the C in "miscellaneous," but pretty much every variation on the original Latin infinitive is pronounced "mix."

@martinhawes5647

Жыл бұрын

I had never realised mix and miscellanious are from the same root

@alveolate

Жыл бұрын

examples of metathesis should be taught early on in english lessons so kids don't grow up with these biases. then again, it seems like english teachers themselves love to be nitpicky fools to begin with eh...

@yuvalne

Жыл бұрын

+

@pluieuwu

Жыл бұрын

funnily enough, ‘wasp’ is also a result of metathesis! in Old English there are attestations of both wæps and wæsp, and the -ps form persisted until EME as far as i can tell. what’s even more curious is that this seems to have happened to a lot of other Germanic languages (see Dutch wesp, German Wespe, etc) and even other IE languages (like Latin vespa). kinda funny how nowadays people think -sp is hard to pronounce whereas thousands of years ago -sp is the easier/more favored variant :p

@polyrhythmia

Жыл бұрын

Metathesis is an "intregal" part of language evolution.

What I love about your videos is the fundemental acceptance that language moves on and changes, a constant reflection of our thoughts rather than a "correct" form

@anonamatron

10 ай бұрын

AXing people questions is de-evolution, not moving on.

@chameleonedm

10 ай бұрын

@@anonamatron Yeah, you have no idea how language works

@anonamatron

10 ай бұрын

@@chameleonedm I know the majority of people who use it speak in a way based on lack of education (which was not their fault in previous generations) and ignorance.

@chameleonedm

10 ай бұрын

@@anonamatron Lol not even close, it's like you didn't even watch the video. You just seem to think that black = uneducated which is pretty abhorrent

@goodlookinouthomie1757

9 ай бұрын

"moves on and changes" You mean it degenerates.

My grandmother was born in Lancashire in 1897 and lived in the county all her life. She always said ‘axe’ and it’s still very frequently heard there today. It’s a common feature of Lancashire dialect poems.

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

Really, thanks! It seems like 'ax/aks' has been used as a non-standard form all over Britain, though it's declined drastically recently. If you know of a poem where it's used and have a moment, perhaps you could let me know? drgeofflindsey@gmail.com

@julianwild8556

Жыл бұрын

I was born and raised in Lancashire and never heard “aks” as “ask” my whole life there. Granted, I heard a lot of phrases that would really have my fellow Yanks scratching their heads in puzzlement. But, let’s face it; people should know better. There is English, and there are mistakes.

@GeoffRiley

Жыл бұрын

@@julianwild8556, it may depend upon which part of Lancashire you were brought up in. I was brought up in Bolton and never came across the use of ax/aks until I moved to the more diverse area of Warrington right down in the south of old Lancashire.

@TOBAPNW_

Жыл бұрын

@@julianwild8556 You are misinformed. English is pluricentric; it has several standards, and several dialects within those standards. An American spelling 'colour' as "color" or pronouncing 'car' with a hard 'r', is not making mistakes (as much as it may grate on commonwealth citizens such as myself); they're writing/speaking a standard form of North American English.

@NerdyRodent

Жыл бұрын

Never heard “ax” in Lancashire either, though a quick visit to London had many people ax-ing me questions!

I confess I had just assumed it was a modern affectation but it's really fascinating to see how fragments of old English persist and reappear in different contexts.

@Nakia11798

Жыл бұрын

It IS a modern affectation for some. I've definitely seen people switch from ask to aks bc they thought it sounded cool

@aj-2savage896

Жыл бұрын

@@Nakia11798 Yup.

@triarb5790

Жыл бұрын

@@Nakia11798 I've lived in Australia for 35 years and all that time I've heard it used, especially by bogans. Maybe Londoners picked it up from Neighbours or Home and Away!

@nonconsensualopinion

Жыл бұрын

Yeah, your average uneducated citizen isn't using it that way due to historical reasons. They're just so poorly educated they can't speak their native language correctly.

@just-a-fella3212

Жыл бұрын

Some white women say "aksed" because they think it makes them cute.

This has been very educational! When hearing people say “aks” instead of “ask” it has annoyed me to the same level as when people say “pacifically” 😂 now that I have learned the history behind this, I can hopefully let go of this annoyance!

@r8chlletters

10 ай бұрын

Lazy and uneducated use of language (whether intentional or otherwise) is a detriment to everyone but particularly for the speaker. Please continue to be annoyed by people who fail to learn and enunciate correctly, our ability to understand one another depends on it!

@Khuon23

10 ай бұрын

​@@r8chlletters you mean "enunciate"

@Roadent1241

10 ай бұрын

What about Ex-cape when saying Escape?

@nattymo7835

10 ай бұрын

Willful ignorance is like nails on a chalkboard.

@SarahC2

8 ай бұрын

Nah - it means someone doesn't read.... you'd say it "correctly" if you read "a.s.k." 1000 times!

I love your videos so much. I'm a native English speaker and yet every time I watch I learn not only completely new information, but new understanding into my native language.

In a past job I had a Nigerian colleague who said "aks" and figured it was down to some influence from his native language/dialect. One of the computer programmes we used was referred to by the acronym "Wasp" which he pronounced "Waps", which I thought strengthened my theory. So to hear about the numerous other layers to it is fascinating! Edit for missing pertinent detail: the job was in South East London.

@vytah

Жыл бұрын

Fun fact: the word "wasp" was originally "waps". You can see it both in Middle English texts, and in other Germanic languages (wesp, Wespe, hvespe).

@masonm9823

Жыл бұрын

@@vytah How do these examples demonstrate the existence of “waps”?

@kaengurus.sind.genossen

Жыл бұрын

@@masonm9823 In southern German dialects, the word "wepsig" exists. It refers to (annoying) hyperactive behaviour, like you might associate with wasps. Also some of these dialects call a wasp ("Wespe" in Standard German) "Weps"

@tsurutom

Жыл бұрын

@@masonm9823 They don't seem to. However, in my native German dialect (Bavarian), the standard German 'Wespe' is in fact 'Weps'. It's always fascinating to see how dialects preserve forms which have been gone from the dominant version of a language for hundreds of years.

@vytah

Жыл бұрын

@@masonm9823 They don't, but for the sake of brevity I omitted that Middle English had all three of waspe, wasp and waps, and Proto-West-Germanic had wapsu.

In the Chicagoland area, in the 1970s, I was talking with a woman who was cleaning our house. I summarized a radio report of a murdering husband by saying, “A man axed his wife”. She understood this through an AAVE filter, and responded, “What did he aks her?” Your explanation gives me a greater appreciation of the issues involved in my memory from 50 years ago.

@St0ckwell

11 ай бұрын

Horribly violent crime, axe is most commonly understood as ask, yep that's Chicago all right

@JayMStein

11 ай бұрын

@H. Fritz You need to learn that slavery means ownership of a person as property, presumably including forced labor and no pay. Slavery has absolutely no relation to the situation that I described.

@mbid12

11 ай бұрын

@H. Fritz the profession of housekeeping that provides many people with employment is in fact slavery?

@ShredCo

10 ай бұрын

Isn't it because they have 75 IQ?

@neilanyon4792

10 ай бұрын

​@@HFritz-kp8ioSo I can employ someone to clean/detail inside my car, but if I pay someone the same (or probably better) hourly rate to clean my house then it's slavery? Grow up.

Just found your channel and it is incredible! Such an impressive mixture of knowledge, editing skills and humor

Really appreciate this video. Helps to understand where the variations between different dialects come from and makes one question biases you have about people who utilize those dialects.

If this has done nothing more than equip me with the words, 'It's in Chaucer and the first English Bibles,' then it is a great video. Knowing the roots and possible roots of the current usage gives me pause to think too, and so it is even better. Thank you.

@Theduckwebcomics

10 ай бұрын

It's in quite a different form there and seems unrelated to the modern "stomzy" version which really makes a feature of it. The older variant seems to just be a slight pronouciation change, while this modern style is a different word. It's really disingenuous to relate it back to those older sources.

@LilFeralGangrel

2 ай бұрын

@@Theduckwebcomics I find it infuriating that you wrote all of that just to show you didn't watch the video or at least pay attention to it. The audacity to cling to your bigotry when an expert on the English language so freely posted this educational material. Do you think you know better or are you just daft?

@johng4093

Ай бұрын

​@@TheduckwebcomicsAgree, "disingenuous" is a good characterization of this.

As a non-native speaker I’ve never noticed this phenomenon. I wouldn’t have even noticed it if you hadn’t slowed it down. Thank you for making our ears more attentive!

@SvobodovaEva

Жыл бұрын

I’ve only ever heard it from black americans and some black brits.

@belgianvanbeethoven

Жыл бұрын

@@SvobodovaEva There's definitely white American celebrities who do this too. I can't immediately think of a name though...

@johnny-yw8ob

Жыл бұрын

@@belgianvanbeethoven Joe Pesci comes to mind

@thecodewarrior7925

Жыл бұрын

@@SvobodovaEva I mostly notice it when I’m down visiting extended family in New Orleans. They’re white and they always use this pronunciation, though it’s a little bit less pronounced behind the southern drawl.

@itoibo4208

Жыл бұрын

I had not noticed that people say "assed".

Very well put and informative. I've heard the word pronounced both ways but never heard an in-depth explanation. By far this is the best explanation of the word's origin i've ever heard.

I appreciate hearing “aks” because I know that I can safely discount/ignore whatever stupid thing will follow

Haven't watched the video yet, but I sincerely hope it includes that clip from Futurama where Leela explains that in the year 3000, "Aks" is now the regular pronunciation of the word, correcting Fry's pronunciation of "Ask".

@notwithouttext

Жыл бұрын

unfortunately no. but it's great this video is posted not too long before /eksməs/

@jonthibault5509

Жыл бұрын

It's called Idiocracy.

@notwithouttext

Жыл бұрын

@@jonthibault5509 it's called weird language evolution

@nimravus01

Жыл бұрын

I was hoping for that clip as well. Sadly, a missed opportunity.

@johng4093

Ай бұрын

Its usage is actually dying out. People don't deliberately try to sound ignorant, it's only used by less educated people.

Definitely a stigma in the US around axe/axed instead of ask/asked. As you said, strongly associated with black Americans and the idea of their speech being wrong or uneducated or something other.

@MurderMostFowl

Жыл бұрын

Yeah I am not buying this explanation of the origin… it may coincidentally be true but it’s nearly universally African Americans ( and the under educated at that ) that say this in America. To me it’s just a linguistic quirk that has managed to stay alive because of pockets of small populations that allow it to persist. Like regional nouns and verbs … ( my region in the Midwest annoyingly has people who say “red up the table” instead of “set the table” for example )

@lewjames6688

Жыл бұрын

The example of the scientist is wrong. He is not mispronouncing “half asked”. He is using the slang term “half assed”, which means un-prepared. American slang.

@marqetteliz

Жыл бұрын

@@lewjames6688 - he's showing a reverse example where the person is in fact saying assed and the text transcription is showing asked instead. No one thinks "half asked" is a thing.

@lewjames6688

Жыл бұрын

@@marqetteliz I'm not sure about that. He's a Brit and not an American, so his usage of American argot/slang might just be off the mark. At least if you aks me... LOL.

@joanhuffman2166

Жыл бұрын

I've read that this particular pronunciation came from Southwest England with slave owners first to Barbados and then with their younger sons to the deep South.

I often wondered where the differences originated. Really enjoyed this, thank you Dr. Lindsey.

Fascinating! I never knew it had such a long history. It would be great to see a whole video on metathesis, with other examples.

I find these intertwinings between historical versions of words, native dialects and foreign accents fascinating. Here in Germany we also have lots of regional dialects and most people recognize that it would be silly to try and force local pronounciations onto each other. But it also shows the importance of a standardized written language in a united nation. I come from Hannover and I have the pleasure that our local dialect supplied most of what today is considered High German. Basically we already speak the "default" German as our native dialect, kind of comparable to how people learn Oxford English in school. But if a Bavarian was meeting up with a Frisian and both would speak their native dialect, they would barely be able to understand each other. So the most prevelant use of High German is as a bridge between different dialects. One reason more to consistently use it writing. Some Bavarian friends of mine use a written form of their dialect and I can barely understand what they are saying.

@saschabaer3327

Жыл бұрын

That’s actually not entirely accurate. The local dialect of Hannover used to be Low German (Plattdeutsch) but that dialect essentially died out and got more thoroughly replaced with Standard German than in some other areas. Standard German is literally eating up dialectal variation (enforcing Standard German in schools did a lot to kill off formerly thriving dialects, especially). -Sincerely, a disgruntled Swiss person who was forced to speak a foreign language daily for 12 years, writing in yet another foreign language

@equolizer

Жыл бұрын

@@saschabaer3327 Do you know why it was decided to teach High German in school when I assume the Swiss German dialects aren't that far away from each other and are mostly intellegible? I mean, I can understand it for Germany, because as the other guy said a Bavarian wouldn't understand a Frisian and High German is somewhere in the middle of both dialects, but for Switzerland that doesn't really make sense. Maybe it's to be able to understand Germans and Austrians for easier trading/business relations?

@HeresorLegacy

Жыл бұрын

@@saschabaer3327 Plattdeutsch is to my knowledge still further up north. Bremen, Wilhelmshafen, that area. We still have some non-High German dialect down here, but it got diluted at the mass migration after WW2. My grandpa from my mother's side is from Silesia, but the rest of the family is from around here. Table-Football is "Krökeln" for us and children are "Lüttje". But these remaining dialect artifacts are dying out.

@candyjaywee

Жыл бұрын

There's even boarisch wiki 😂

@simonvaughan6017

Жыл бұрын

@@candyjaywee I thought Boars spoke Afrikaans. Or maybe it's Pig Latin.

Thanks Dr Lindsey. Excellent explanation of aks. It reminded me of when I once lived in New Orleans. There was a popular song called, "They All Axed For You" by The Meters. The accent in New Orleans is quite unique.. non-rhotic, AAVE, Creole French. Locally, it's called the Yat accent, for "Where ya at?" (How are you?) It's all a glorious mess.

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

Thanks! Is Yat used by different ethnicities?

@macademician

Жыл бұрын

​@@DrGeoffLindsey “Yat” is itself an accent, typically by white New Orleanians but also by some Black speakers. It's sometimes been described as “Brooklyn on Valium”. My Aunt is a native “Yat” speaker (she's spent her life in New Orleans), but my father (her brother) and her other sister don't speak that dialect.

@roxieeyeleers4465

Жыл бұрын

Let the Good Times Roll! Laissez le bon temps rouler....spelling is wrong, I am sure. Louisiana is the only state where I heard older citizens still use Miss Diana, Miss Mary, etc. No "Ms. " allowed!!

@roxieeyeleers4465

Жыл бұрын

To me, it always sounded like y'at, not two separate syllables. Where y'at? I am fine!! And WHY do Americans now answer, "How are you?" with "I'm good." ???????????? Good girl, good friend, good student, a good adjective, but what happened to the adverb??

@thecodewarrior7925

Жыл бұрын

Yeah that’s the first thing I think of when I hear about this, my (white) extended family in New Orleans. I can still hear aunt Angel telling her kids that “I *AXED* you a question!” or “I *AXED* you to come down here!”

After learning English language at A Level it has really opened my eyes to variations of english and how they come about. Still, i found this video really informative and entertaining!

I will admit, when I was younger, I used to be an "ask" snob when I was younger, but I've definitely changed over the years and appreciate the explanation.

0:00 Introduction 0:44 'Aks' in Old English 1:30 'Aks' in Middle English 1:57 'Aks' in the Bible 2:44 'Aks' in the Shetland Islands 3:44 'Aks' in Jamaica & MLE 5:28 'Aks' in the USA & AAVE 6:10 Stereotyping & prejudice 7:50 'Ask' pronounced as 'ass' & 'arse'!

@vibaj16

Жыл бұрын

8:42 isn't he actually saying "assed"? "half-assed" is a common phrase.

@robertpearson5410

Жыл бұрын

Thanks! I has always wondered about that, didn't reaiize it was so complicated.

@robertcovell2787

Жыл бұрын

Axe and ye shall receive ... for he who axeth get choppeteth

@carlborg8023

11 ай бұрын

@@vibaj16 yes, most of those last examples were wrong.

@LightninLew

10 ай бұрын

​@@carlborg8023some the examples at the end were just demonstrating how the captions interpreted "ass" or "arse" as "ask", rather than showing people pronouncing "ask" that way.

I have sincerely never been so intrigued by pronunciation history as I have once I started watching your educational videos. Thank you so much for your insight on why we say words the way we say them

Very true about that bit with “asked”! I noticed awhile ago when helping a Japanese friend learn English that I always pronounce the past tense as /æst/, as /æskt/ is actually quite difficult to say

This was informative; I learned something. Thank you!

Content we didn’t know we needed. Thanks, Dr. Lindsey, for answering our half-asked questions

As an East African, I first noticed this form of pronunciation while living in the US for a some years. It appeared most commonly among African Americans, which confused me. I had never heard this form at home, or during my senior school years in South Africa. I take it from your fascinating and most informative talk that this form must have entered North America from West African slave-trade English, perhaps copied from the oral traditions of the sailors and the gang bosses. This would explain why it isn't commonly heard in English-speaking Africa itself, only among the African diaspora. Interesting.

@trollnystan

Жыл бұрын

it could also have developed seperately. There is a Gullah language professor, Sunn m'Cheaux, who's on KZread who I think talks about it in one of his shorts if you're interested in that.

@Lena-cz6re

Жыл бұрын

Because it is a feature mainly in West Africa

@moremiaj4786

Жыл бұрын

Speak for East Africa alone perhaps, because in Nigeria and lots of West African countries they say aks not ask.

@KingofgraceSARA

11 ай бұрын

​@@moremiaj4786 I've friends from Ghana who says, deks instead of desk. God English is Pristina even better than most Americans.

I'd love for you to make a video on London slang and its origins. It's something I've wondered about for a while now.

Sir, you're the best! You make everything so interesting !

I just refreshed the page and saw you hit 100k subscribers! Congratulations, you truly deserve it and more!

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

Thanks so much, to you and all my viewers!

"a woman can't be arsed to leave a restaurant because she's breastfeeding a child" absolutely SENT me

@caterpillar5071

Жыл бұрын

But as a breastfeeding mum, also totally makes sense 😆 I may have finished my meal but I cannot be arsed to unlatch her and deal with her crying!! 😆

@DivineLightPaladin

Жыл бұрын

And where exactly should a child eat, the bathroom?! On the curb outside in the snow? In the car?

@Stettafire

Жыл бұрын

@@DivineLightPaladin Remember, making facicious comments weakens your argument. I agree that women should be able to breastfeed in public, but implying there is no choice is simply false. Formula exists and it's more then adequate.

@mattdowds8505

Жыл бұрын

@@Stettafire Mums can also express breast milk & bottle it, for future use, as a father, I've fed my son both breast milk & formula.

@treetzar1107

Жыл бұрын

It was a brilliant pun. The timing after the other examples was perfect.

I appreciate this informative and thoughtful video!

I am so glad that I came across this. My daughter and I were having a conversation about this the a few days ago.

As a German, I've always associated aks with American Poc. Interesting to learn that it's also widespread in the UK and Ireland, but then again, I've never been to the Shetlands! 😺 (It's on my bucket list)

@winterwatson6811

Жыл бұрын

While common in AAVE, plenty of other american accents include aks as well :)

@LilyUnicorn

Жыл бұрын

It mostly is laziness. It just so happens that black american is very much lazy english. Not sure why they do it. Blacks in hispanic cultures, especially carribbean did the same thimg tp spanish, very lazy spanish..... As for other ethnic americans....never heard them say AKS

@hellbach8879

Жыл бұрын

@@LilyUnicorn did you even watch the video? What a stupid comment

@turnleftaticeland

Жыл бұрын

@@LilyUnicorn Did you watch the video?

@IvanSN

Жыл бұрын

@@LilyUnicorn you're a proper fool. watch the video you're commenting on before you go on a racist tirade.

Cool to know the history of this. I always associated "aks" with AAVE, but it's cool to know it's more widespread. Thanks for another great video!

This is a great little KZread channel. It’s so refreshing to hear academic scholarship escape the academy and communicate more widely. I bet your colleagues are both in awe and probably a little jealous. Not that it is likely to be considered a significant contribution to the field. If you were Stormzy maybe…

I've always wondered why "axe" was used in my area of southern America but now I know. It's a good reminder that there may be a good reason for something you don't understand. Thanks for the video.

This is such awesome content, and exactly why I love youtube, it's criminal that Geoff only has 100k subscribers. The final example was hilarious.

I've been meaning to ask for a video on this one. I've worked in rural areas of eastern Australia, and aks is extremely prevalent to the point that you can distinguish the locals (all who say aks) from the 'blow-ins'(who typically come from other regions). This might be a case of the theory of British/Scots/Irish influence, as historically, there has been a significant prevalence of missionary workers in the region and limited African influence.

@Palimbacchius

Жыл бұрын

An interesting study (?by Labov) showed that in the face of 'blow-ins', locals (the study centred on Martha's Vineyard) may exaggerate features of their dialect to distinguish themselves from the interlopers.

@tsopmocful1958

Жыл бұрын

I'm an Aussie who has lived in rural eastern Australia for decades, and I have NEVER heard any locals say 'aks'.

@nicolecarter1072

Жыл бұрын

I'm an aussie from rural NSW. I say "arksed". I never noticed it until my friend from Adelaide constantly pointed it out that people from my area at uni all said "arksed".

@triarb5790

Жыл бұрын

@@tsopmocful1958 Not sure where you've been but it's very common in Victoria .

@babyboomerinc

Жыл бұрын

I live in rural South Australia and my friend since childhood (and all her family) says aks(ed) and I picked up on it and told her and she never realised that she said it!

Thank you for the profound explaination. I was just thinking everytime I heard it that it was some kind of dyslexia and today I woke up more curious and looked for it. Thanks again!

Fascinating. I've always wondered about this. 👍

This was interesting. But to me, the most fascinating moment was the final screen, where Geoff Lindsey wrote "Click here to subscribe" in IPA characters representing his dialect of English, which is quite distinct from my own-General American with some Northeasternisms. That moment brought home to me the difficulty or impossibility of devising a common phonetic orthography for English. The varieties of English have drifted so far apart that the only orthography that can unite them is one that is not phonetic. Of course, the example of ask/ax and the range of vowels used with each variant demonstrates that too.

@marcusaureliusf

Жыл бұрын

IMHO, English spelling is hard not because of the variety of accents and diverging pronunciations; it's hard because standard spelling and standard pronunciation don't match. It's as if in 300 years pronunciation changed back to "aks" but we kept spelling "ask" while indicating the standard pronunciation as /æks/.

It's funny, as a lifelong New Yorker, I've always associated "aks" with a Brooklyn or New Jersey dialect. I never imagined it would be common in the UK.

@PolynicesEteocles

Жыл бұрын

Very interesting. Back in the late 90s I took care of a white lady in her 60s who was from New York City and had what my colleagues and I in Seattle thought of as a thick "New York accent". She would say things like "can I AXE you a question?" and we thought it was funny.

@cockoffgewgle4993

Жыл бұрын

It isn't common in the UK at all. Well, not before we imported half of Africa.

@tsopmocful1958

Жыл бұрын

Not common in UK.

@cockoffgewgle4993

Жыл бұрын

@Atheos B. Sapien A Yank accusing someone of being racist. It must be a day that ends in "y".

@satansmascara9756

Жыл бұрын

@@cockoffgewgle4993 ok cockoff

So high quality and high information content these videos!

The more you know. Thank you for this interesting insight. I have another question though. Does this phenomena have anything to do with butchering 'et cetera' as eKSetera?

This channel is excellent at giving us answers to questions we didn't aks.

I’ve always thought this pronunciation “curious” but had never realised it had such a long and venerable (Bede, Chaucer and Tyndale) history.

Superb video as usual! That ending was brilliantly funny as well 😂

Stunning! Loved the outro section :-)

I have wondered about this all my adult life. What a relief to finally find out why. Thanks so much Geoff!

Thank you so much for such a profound review on that interesting variation, never knew it goes way back into centuries.

This has bothered me for over 30 years, and I never thought of discovering where it came from. But now I know. Thank you!

I always wondered about this, thanks for that.

This reminded me of something from childhood I had forgotten about: pronouncing the word "iron" like it is spelled ("i-run") and being corrected by friends ("no, it's i-earn or i-yearn"). I didn't believe them, but was surprised to find that the first dictionary I checked agreed with them. American standard English transposes those sounds so consistently that it was given as correct. I'd love to know if that's specifically American or if it's more generally true.

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

It's the same in BrE except that we don't pronounce the 'r' at all! So in BrE 'iron' rhymes with 'lion'!

@KJ-td5gt

Жыл бұрын

@@DrGeoffLindsey So what if you're talking about an iron ion?

@sarar4901

Жыл бұрын

@@DrGeoffLindsey Huh! That's so interesting. I suppose people find it easier to pronounce. Goes to show that "can't you read a few letters correctly" is a bit nonsense, though.

@alastairsoave1646

Жыл бұрын

@@KJ-td5gt in my south-east English accent this would be pronounced I-yearn I-yon, but lion is more of a lye-uhn if that makes sense? I love watching Dr Lindsey’s videos because it gives me so much to think about every-time hahaha Now on a day to day basis I notice things that I’m “mispronouncing” and get into discussions with my girlfriend about different pronunciations we grew up with which then leads onto the people we know that pronounce one way or the other! Edit: as I say “yearn” and “y-uhn” out loud it seems near identical. In my head they seem different but in actuality they’re the same.

@lewiscarroll4290

Жыл бұрын

@@KJ-td5gt Most accents I have heard in the UK pronounce the o in lion (and iron) as schwa (like in Jason), and the o in ion as o (like in icon). I have heard people pronounce ion the same as iron, but as you pointed out, that would get confusing if you need to tak about iron ions. Everyone I have heard speaking in a chemistry context has pronounced them differently, avoiding this problem.

Many thanks for this, Geoff! In my part of the world, it is common for people to say 'graps' instead of 'grasp', and I felt a little bit annoyed when it came from the pulpit! But we've all done the same thing for 'brid' and 'waps', haven't we?

Fascinating! I didn't know about the old/middle English origin.

I've only just realised that I couldn't be arsed to acs why some said ask and some said acs, but I'm glad to know so thank you.

Thank you for this. In New Zealand I have noticed more and more younger people saying "aks" recently. As a teacher I've always tried to get them to say "ask", not realising that it is, in fact, another correct form, albeit fairly rare here. I wonder where the influence comes from here, is it from television/movies/social media, or whether there is something about the Maori language/other Pasifika languages that has influenced in the same manner? Always good to learn new things.

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

The more I look for 'aks', the more I find it. It seems to be (or to have been) everywhere! Is it a feature of Maori English?

@nathangriffiths6218

Жыл бұрын

This is almost certainly due to the influence of US media, in particular US hip hop culture, on young people in NZ. Recent surveys have shown many young New Zealanders watch little or no media content originating from NZ and have also documented a rise in children starting schools with detectable American accents due to the predominantly US media they have been exposed to from an early age.

@longuevalnz

Жыл бұрын

@@DrGeoffLindsey further research might be needed but my impression is that it’s been a feature of (young person’s) Māori English for a very long time, predating the hip hop influences

@goombacraft

Жыл бұрын

@@nathangriffiths6218 How certain are you? As this video shows, it doesn't have to be from America. This feature isn't particularily prevalent in mainstream US media, as the pronounciation /aks/ is generally restricted to AAVE, which most Americans don't speak, as stated in the video. It's probably not a good idea to jump straight to a "US bad" -type argument when other arguments are plausible or even favourable. Metathesis is apparently quite common in NZE (Godzone dictionary, Max Cryer) and it's certainly not a rare feature cross-linguistically. Maori doesn't allow consonants syllable-finally and "aks" respects sonority hierarchy better than "ask", which plausibly is/was easier for native Maori speakers to pronounce.

@redbeard3946

Жыл бұрын

A few of my Maori friends growing up would say (and sometimes even spell) "aks".

Fantastic 😊 I've studied phonetics of English and love this content. I have heard 'aks' used in northeastern US but as you pointed out only among my black friends. I've wondered about this history, so thanks for the lesson!

@oneofthosepeople2101

Жыл бұрын

None of these people speak this way know why they did, or do. They speak this way because they have not been taught the correct way. Humans speak so others understand, so being clear with your words has evolved over the centuries. Axe means something completely different to ask. That is all. It’s similar to names. People say my name means this or that when it just means “hey you”. But that doesn’t work with 7 billion people so your Jerry. The mental backflips 😅

@G_Demolished

Жыл бұрын

@@oneofthosepeople2101 You need to justify your assumption that language is prescriptive.

@oneofthosepeople2101

Жыл бұрын

@@G_Demolished 😁

@oneofthosepeople2101

Жыл бұрын

@@G_Demolished I have to admit, you got me, that’s the best troll I’ve read. ✌️

@doctornova3015

9 ай бұрын

​@@oneofthosepeople2101Fortunately, then, I understood what you meant when you wrote " You're " Jerry .

Interesting video! I do pronounce 'ask' in the same way. I don't know why since I'm an immigrant from a country where English is taught and spoken and moved to a country where English is one of the official languages. I learned standard English. I speak standard English. My degree is very much related to English too. There are still a few words that I pronounce "incorrectly". My best guess for why *I* do it isn't because it's easier per se, I think it's because of my tongue. I think one of my native languages likely makes certain pronunciations harder. Very few words, but my tongue defaults to what is easier. It's easier because my tongue makes it so not because I particularly want to go the short route when I speak. I like speaking standard English, I think it's fun and adds flavour in the same way other variations of English do. Maybe one day I'll know the true answer for sure. The people who think they are better than others for speaking standard English couldn't imagine how many ways they butcher words because their tongue also goes to what is easier. Disgusting the ways people want to put others down.

Correction to up-loader. 08:40 He said "half-assed to research labs" and it's not taken from half-asked.' An ADZE is a woodworking tool that has been used for thousands of years. It is used to “finish” the surface of timber. So if you ordered a product from timber that was only finished on one side properly, as in the visible side, it was done half-adzed. Full adze would be both sides. Typically one side was not immediately visible , so you could get away with only finishing one side of the timber or "half-adzed". Only when the buyers of said timber recieved it home they would discover the job was done "half-assed" or half-adzed" Today of course half-assed means generally anything that was done half-hearted or in a lazy incomplete way. Funny enough an Adze does resemble a type of Axe. half-adze when pronounced correctly sounds like half-assed

Hi Dr Lindsey, I was wondering if you've ever encountered people pronouncing words such as "create" or "nuclear" like "curate" or "nucular" respectively - I've started noticing both of these recently and I was wondering if there's a similar reason behind both phenomena and/or if there are other examples (and also how that happens)? Thanks so much for your videos, they're always amazing

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

"Nucular" is very common, even from highly educated people and those in authority (George W. Bush was famous/notorious for saying it, but it's far more widespread than him). The key factor is that "nuclear" is a very unusual word in various ways, and many/most people don't make the connection with "nucleus". On the other hand, several common words end in "cular" (particular, circular etc.), including technical words like "molecular". And "nucular" is phonetically closer to "nuclear" than the spelling might suggest. What may seem odd to non-natives is that speakers would deviate from the spelling in this way, but of course natives have been accustomed all their lives to weird and random spellings.

@bionshelden5128

Жыл бұрын

@@DrGeoffLindsey And George W. Bush was not the only president who mispronounced "nuclear". Although he corrected it later in life, Jimmy Carter (who was trained in nuclear power plants on US sub in the Navy) had the strangest pronunciation of "nuclear" I have ever heard. kzread.info/dash/bejne/qXyYzsFpoZCsZpM.html

@webrarian

Жыл бұрын

@@DrGeoffLindsey Picking up on "create" and "curate", here in Plymouth, SW England, "brewery" can become "byoory" which I think is the same?

@Drobium77

Жыл бұрын

@@DrGeoffLindsey To me it sounds like 'Noo-killer', and it vexes me when I hear people pronounce it that way. I often say "can you say 'new'? "can you say 'clear'? .... then yuou should be able to say newclear as one word!

@elliottsampson1454

Жыл бұрын

@@Drobium77 to me, nuclear and new clear are pronounced differently. 3 syllable nu•cle•ar vs 2 syllable new•clear. this might be influenced by the 3 syllable nu•cu•lar but idk

I know this is a sensitive topic for some. You covered it so well, Dr Lindsey. Awesome as always 👌

Aks drives me bonkers! But I appreciate the non-biased info about where it came from. I will remind myself of this the next time I hear someone say it. I also appreicate the reminder that I say "ass" or "assed", which sounds worse when I really think about it. 🤦‍♀️

6:40 I think I'm more or less on the same page as this lady. English isn't my first language, but it drives me nuts when I hear people say "aks". I also think my perception of speech and association with dialects makes it far too easy for me to perceive people differently based on the way they talk. I know that is not a good thing, so I'm glad you pointed this out on the end part there, because I need that reminder.

Thank you for this enlightening video. I must admit, I was one of those people who looked down on those who said aks instead of ask. I never knew it had linguistic origins beyond laziness. Thank you for opening my eyes and helping me to remember not to not look down on others, especially due to my own assumptions that I understand something even when I've done no research on it.

@anenglishmanplusamerican7107

Жыл бұрын

Though it is the old English word, the language, adapts. It changes and it evolves.

@micayahritchie7158

Жыл бұрын

Here's a rule of thumb. If you think people do a thing because they are lazy. They don't Speech isn't easy to change your brain is wired how it is. If you've ever tried learning a second language you know it's difficult but let me tell you what's more difficult is getting rid of pronunciation habits you made while you were learning. Learning a new accent and dialect to live your entire life in is possibly harder than learning another language in my opinion

@anenglishmanplusamerican7107

Жыл бұрын

@@micayahritchie7158 I agree.

6:59 -- in other words, he applied to be a news reader for the BBC, and when he was rejected, he swore to devote his life to the study of pronouncing things however you want

In the US “Aks” is looked down on simply because it’s typically associated with AAVE speakers and African Americans. Thanks (or Thansk?) for sharing the history of the pronunciation. Fascinating.

@SarahC2

8 ай бұрын

And people that don't read - who would be asking some questions when they see "Aks" spelt... "Ask".......

@johng4093

Ай бұрын

​@@SarahC2People who say it wrong also commonly misspell it as "axe".

i'd love to see you make more videos about the cultural and political exploration that linguists do!

Very interesting topic. I become aware of this variety when I was studying different varieties of English and found a video of a teacher being praised for "teaching" Black people how to "properly" pronounce the word.

I’m a simple person, I see Dr Geoff posted a video, I click

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

Thank you!

Thank you for the history lesson!

hilarious conclusion!

When I was working in the hospitals in downtown, Kingston, Jamaica, depending on where the patients were from, or the coworkers,AKS was common but so was DEKS “Haks at de deks” and I heard children using words like moksito. I am not a native English speakers. I never had issues with it, and I enjoyed all the different ways of speaking I encountered there, pronunciation, and grammar wise.

@thehoneyeffect

10 ай бұрын

🇯🇲🔥🇯🇲🔥🇯🇲🔥🇯🇲🔥 I had to

Thank you very much! It's something I have been asking (acsing?) myself for a while!

Very interesting! Thank you for this video!

Ha, I was hoping the Peter Serafinowicz sketch would be in the video somewhere, and you led with it!

This is so interesting and enlightening! I have started to notice people saying what sounds like generally when I think they mean genuinely and preformance instead of performance. I wondered if it was because the words were learnt through hearing rather than text. Another curiosity is saying progidy instead of prodigy. It is also interesting to hear a carry over pronunciation of tear (regardless of meaning) even in second-generation West Indians. It's so exciting to understand the history of aks!! Thank you!

@trueriver1950

Жыл бұрын

Toddlers do this a lot. They pick up all the sounds from a new word but reproduce them in a different order. My favourite was "fire ennij" for fire engine when my oldest was growing up. I suspect that aks has been re-introduced by toddlers as often as inherited from its historic roots

@SeekerGoldstone

Жыл бұрын

Do you maybe mean "progeny"?

@sirilucksana

Жыл бұрын

@@SeekerGoldstone In context I think progeny would not be the right word. When I've heard people say "progidy" it would only make sense if they were trying to use the word "prodigy"😄

THANK YOU. As a person who English is a second language for, it always drove me nuts that people read "ask" as "aks", but at least now I understand where it comes from. The bit at the end also definitely gave me some perspective hahaha

@choreomaniac

Жыл бұрын

Aks drives me crazy but I now understand that ass might be a bigger faux pas.

@KingofgraceSARA

11 ай бұрын

ESL- Why are you annoyed, at all?

One common phenomenon in recent American English is pronunciation of FAFSA-the application for federal tuition assistance. No rich history here-the program was created only in 1992. But many Americans today pronounce it as “fasfa” instead of “fafsa.” (Less related but still interesting: the US health agency NIAID. Federal employees pronounce it as if it were spelled NAIAD.)

Thank you for alleviating my annoyance in regards to my perceived prejudice of the stylised pronunciation of the word ask.

My best friend is from Louisiana and she pronounces ask as /æks/, despite her being white. From my understanding, having also lived in Southern Louisiana, it's pretty common to hear that pronunciation regardless of race, but it's pretty uncommon in most other Southern accents (aside from AAVE, of course). My accent is more Texan (DFW) than anything else, so I pronounce is more like /æːsk/, if I pronounce the /k/ at all.

Very interesting video! And I had to laugh at the end when you added people saying “couldn’t be asked” instead of “couldn’t be arsed”. I lived in England for a good while thinking people actually said “I couldn’t be asked to do xyz”. It was only when I wrote it in a text message my boyfriend corrected me, saying it’s obviously not asked but arsed. Thanks for confirming that he actually does say asked 😜 (It made complete sense to me at the time that people would say asked.. like: “nobody can ask me to do this” was simply shortened to “I can’t be asked” 😂)

@notwithouttext

Жыл бұрын

unfortunately, in those last situations they ARE saying "a*sed". "asked" came later because it sorta makes sense.

@DrGeoffLindsey

Жыл бұрын

@@notwithouttext The really interesting thing, I guess, is how people assume something written is the 'real' thing.

@Zraknul

Жыл бұрын

I'm used to considering it as a related expression to "put your back into it" and half-arsed as a half effort. If you're physically pushing or pulling, you really should be using both cheeks.

@jonthibault5509

Жыл бұрын

Yes, and they sound as stupid and uneducated as those who say "aks." That doesn't make it correct.

@notwithouttext

Жыл бұрын

@@jonthibault5509 no one says arsed with a k though

That was amazing, thank you.

Thank you for this video. I hear several different accents within my state of Massachusetts . I for one enjoy listening to the differences and we all make fun of ourselves and eachother. If you get the drift then your communicating. Thats all that counts. I use words from my ggma that everyone hets a kick out of. We all add to eachothers vocabulary. I feel like i speak a few different versions of english. Im from Dorchester : i can sound like a gangster. I speak business english for work. I speak to oeople who speak jamacian creole. I speak to hip hop speakers. I speak to spanish english speakers . It is so much fun to learn other peoples dialect within my own state!

I must admit, I thought the expression "can't be arsed" was "can't be asked" for about 20 years! I guess that's just how I first saw it written down. I used to think the people writing "can't be arsed" were reanalysing it til I realised "can't be asked" doesn't really make much sense either. Come to think of it, I think writing it as "asked" might be some sort of written version of a minced oath which is why it's often written like that.

Very interesting. I admit I've been a bit snobbish about aks myself. But you'll hear it all over Ireland. Along with "amn't" for "I'm notc (Shakespearean, I believe, though I may be wrong about that). Also,"I'm after cutting my hand", a literal translation from Irish.

epytemology is always so fascinating. It reveals how unbenign so many words are. We just use these things so causally but we always forget that each word has a life of it's own and could be thousands of years old.

Something this video made me realize is that not only do I usually say "assed" when I speak, but if I try to put emphasis on the 'sk' to say "asked", I usually slip up and say "aksed" instead. That's really interesting to me.